WO2007023879A1 - 発電装置および発電方法 - Google Patents
発電装置および発電方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007023879A1 WO2007023879A1 PCT/JP2006/316557 JP2006316557W WO2007023879A1 WO 2007023879 A1 WO2007023879 A1 WO 2007023879A1 JP 2006316557 W JP2006316557 W JP 2006316557W WO 2007023879 A1 WO2007023879 A1 WO 2007023879A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- power generation
- turbine
- power
- generator
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to power generation using natural energy, and more particularly to a power generation apparatus and a power generation method using water current or tidal current energy.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-210237
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-280637
- the present invention enables power generation by a high-head water turbine and a generator used in a dam-type or waterway-type power plant even if the head of water is small, and reduces the unit price of power generation. It is another object of the present invention to provide a power generation apparatus and a power generation method that do not pollute the environment. Means for solving the problem
- the invention according to claim 1 includes a first water wheel driven by a flow of water, a pump connected to the first water wheel and pumping up a part of the water, This pumping force boosts the discharged water to a predetermined pressure, a second water wheel provided on the ground side and driven by water from the boosting means, and a second water wheel provided on the ground side.
- a power generator characterized by comprising a generator driven by a water turbine
- the invention described in claim 2 is the power generation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising power storage means for storing the power generated by the generator.
- the first water wheel is driven by the flow of water, a part of the water is pumped up by a pump connected to the first water wheel, and discharged from the pump.
- the water is raised to a predetermined pressure, a second water wheel provided on the ground side is driven by the water whose pressure has been increased, and a generator provided on the ground side is driven by the second water wheel to generate power.
- It is a power generation method characterized by performing.
- the invention according to claim 4 is the power generation method according to claim 3, wherein the electric power generated by the generator is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. It is characterized by.
- the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the power generation method according to claim 3, the electric power generated by the generator is supplied to a vehicle running on the electric motor.
- the invention according to claim 6 is the power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, or the claims 3 to 5!
- the power generation method according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising a plurality of the first water wheel and the pump.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, or claims 3 to 5.
- the first water turbine is driven by a flow of water speeded up by a speed increasing weir.
- the invention according to claim 8 is the power generation apparatus or the power generation method according to claim 7, wherein the second water turbine and the generator are arranged on the speed increasing weir. ing.
- the invention according to claim 9 is the power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, or the power generation method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the first water turbine and the pump are It is characterized by being supported by floats moored in water.
- the invention according to claim 10 is the power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, or the claims 3 to 5!
- the pump pumps water from the downstream side of the first turbine, and water discharged from the second turbine is from the first turbine. It is characterized by being returned to the upstream side.
- the power generation method according to claim 3 further comprising a mineral resource collecting step of capturing mineral resources contained in seawater discharged from the second water turbine, wherein the water is seawater.
- the water is seawater, and the seawater discharged from the second water turbine is used for aquaculture of fish and shellfish.
- the water is seawater, and the seawater discharged from the second water turbine is desalinated.
- the water obtained from desalination is used for food production.
- water obtained by desalination is used for hydrogen production by electrolysis.
- the second water turbine and the generator are provided on the ground side, the pump power is increased to a predetermined pressure, and the pressure is increased. Since water is supplied to the second turbine, high-head turbines and generators used in dam-type and canal-type power plants can be used even if the head of the water is small. . As a result, the device can be kept inexpensive and the unit price of power generation can be reduced.
- the generator since the generator is installed above the ground, a standard type generator can be used, and the generator is placed underwater. Maintenance is easier compared to the structure.
- the generator is not driven by hydraulic pressure, there is no concern about environmental pollution without the risk of oil spilling into running water or tidal currents. In addition, water and seawater have a lower viscosity than oil, and the pipe friction pressure loss is small. Therefore, the power generation efficiency is improved compared to when hydraulic pressure is used.
- the first water turbine since the first water turbine is driven by the flow of water accelerated by the speed-increasing weir, it is discharged from the pump even in a slow-flowing river.
- the amount of water flow can be increased, and the amount of power generation can be increased.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a power generation system diagram of the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the vicinity of a speed increasing weir of the power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 A-A cross section of Fig. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a method of using power generation by the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a power generation system diagram of the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a power generation system diagram of the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a power generation system diagram of the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a power generation system diagram of a power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a power generation system diagram of the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 CC sectional view of Fig. 11.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a float position control method in the power generator according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of the power generation device of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged perspective view of the frame in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a flow path formed in the frame of FIG.
- Embodiment 1 of the present invention The water in the present invention includes seawater.
- the natural energy targeted by the present invention is a water current if it is a river, and a tidal current (sea current) if it is the ocean.
- a tidal current a current if it is the ocean.
- the first embodiment can be applied to the water flow and tidal currents !, here, an example using river water flow will be described.
- Reference numeral 1 denotes a river. There are three primary turbines 2 in the water W1 of the river 1.
- the first turbine 2 can be of any type as long as the rotational driving force can be obtained by the water flow. If the water depth is shallow, it is desirable to use a bucket conveyor type water turbine.
- a propeller turbine is used as the first turbine 2.
- the first turbine 2, which also has propeller turbine power, is attached to the rotating shaft of the pump 3.
- the pump 3 has a function of pumping up the water W1 of the river 1 by rotating the rotation shaft by the first water turbine 2.
- the pump 3 is selected to be of the optimum type and size based on the pressure and flow rate of the water supplied to the second turbine 4.
- first turbines 2 and three pumps 3 are provided.
- Each pump 3 is fixed to a foundation 36 provided at the bottom of river 1.
- the foundation 36 is made of reinforced concrete.
- the first turbine 2 may be configured to support the ground force of the first turbine 2 and the pump 3 in order to facilitate the installation work of the force buried in the water.
- the first water turbine 2 and the pump 3 may be supported by a speed increasing weir 35 using a steel sheet pile described later.
- Each pump 3 has a ground A piping 6 extending in a direction is connected to a power generation house 20 provided on the side.
- the pipe 6 has a suction pipe 6a and a discharge pipe 6b.
- a filter 12 is attached to the tip of the suction pipe 6a of each pump 3.
- the pump 3 is driven by the rotation of the first turbine 2 due to the water flow in the river 1, a part of the water W1 in the river 1 is pumped up to the pump 3 through the filter 12.
- the water W1 pumped up by the pump 3 is supplied to the second turbine 4 side through the discharge pipe 6b.
- a pressure control valve 7 as a pressure increasing means is provided in the discharge pipe 6b on the downstream side of the pump 3.
- the pressure control valve 7 has a function of increasing the water W1 discharged from each pump 3 to a predetermined pressure.
- the pressure value of the water W1 controlled by the pressure control valve 7 is set to an optimum value according to the type of the second turbine 4. Since the pressure control valve 7 keeps the pressure of the water W1 supplied to the second turbine 4 constant, a part of the water W1 supplied to the pressure control valve 7 is downstream of the downstream side of the second turbine 4. Has the function of returning to pipe 6c.
- the pressure increasing means is not limited to the pressure control valve 7, but may be an adjusting valve that restricts the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
- a second water turbine 4, a generator 5 and the like are arranged.
- the second turbine 4 and the generator 5 are fixed to a foundation provided on the ground side.
- the rotating shaft of the generator 5 is connected to the output shaft of the second turbine 4.
- the generator 5 is rotated by the rotational driving force of the second turbine 4 to generate AC power.
- the second turbine 4 is provided with a governor 8.
- the governor 8 has a function of automatically adjusting the amount of water supplied to the second turbine 4 in accordance with the load fluctuation of the generator 5. Thereby, fluctuations in the rotational speed of the second turbine 4 and the generator 5 due to load fluctuations of the generator 5 are prevented, and the frequency of the AC power is kept constant.
- the water W1 discharged from the second turbine 4 is also returned to the upstream side of the first turbine 2 from the discharge port 6d through the downstream pipe 6c.
- the second turbine 4 is composed of a standard type Francis turbine, Pelton turbine, etc. used in a dam type or water channel type power plant.
- Generator 5 has the same synchronous generator power as that used in hydroelectric power plants such as dam type or water channel type power plants.
- the reason for adopting multiple primary turbines 2 and pumps 3 is to supply a large amount of water W1 from river 1 and drive a large secondary turbine 4.
- a large second turbine 4 similar to a dam type or water channel type power plant can be It can be driven by rotation. This enables large-scale power generation even for power generation using the river 1 stream, and improves maintainability compared to a structure in which a generator is installed in the water.
- the standard type used in the general hydroelectric power station as the second turbine 4 and the generator 5 it becomes possible to reduce the investment cost of the power generator.
- a speed increasing weir 35 for increasing the speed of the water W1 is provided on the upstream side of the first water turbine 2.
- This speed-increasing weir 35 is fixed to the riverbed.
- the speed-increasing weir 35 may be of any type as long as it changes the flow of water W1, such as concrete, a structure with stones, or steel.
- the speed increasing weir 35 can be easily obtained by driving steel sheet piles into the riverbed.
- the upstream end 35c of the speed increasing weir 35 is located near the riverbank la.
- the slope 35a of the speed increasing weir 35 extends from near the river bank la to the vicinity of the first turbine 2 so as to cross the river diagonally.
- the straight portion 35b of the speed increasing weir 35 extends in the same direction as the flow direction of the river from near the upstream of the first turbine 2 to near the downstream of the pump 3.
- the flow rate of water upstream of the speed increasing weir 35 is V.
- the flow velocity of the water W1 in the place where the first turbine 2 is located is significantly faster than V by the speed increasing weir 35 and is V.
- the height of the riverbed force to the top of the speed increasing weir 35 is H.
- the height from the water surface to the top of the speed increasing weir 35 is H.
- the top of the speed increasing weir 35 is exposed from the water surface.
- the height H of the speed-increasing weir 35 is set to such a level that the water W1 does not flood on the ground when the amount of water such as flooding increases.
- the speed-up weir 35 is unnecessary in places such as mountainous areas where the water flow rate is high.
- the plain section can drive the first turbine 2 with a large amount of energy by adopting the speed increasing weir 35 that concentrates the flow of water W1 compared to the mountainous area.
- the suction part of the filter 12 has a rotating brush that is rotated by the energy of running water to prevent clogging. Providing Is desirable. Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a fence on the downstream side of the pump 3 to prevent foreign substances from entering the first turbine 2 side.
- the AC power generated by the generator 5 is supplied to the customer or the converter 21 via the switch 11.
- the electric power converted into direct current by the change 21 is supplied to the battery 22 as a power storage means.
- the power supply destination is automatically switched by switch 11 according to load fluctuations.
- the battery 22 is composed of a lead regulated battery for power storage.
- the battery 22 has a capacity capable of storing all of the electric power generated, for example, at night.
- the electric power stored in the battery 22 is converted into alternating current by the conversion 23.
- the controller 25 has a function of supplying the electric power stored in the battery 22 to the consumer side via the converter 23 in accordance with the load variation.
- the solar cell 24 supplies power to the controller 25. For example, in an undeveloped area overseas, it may not be possible to obtain power when installing this device.
- the controller 25 is operated using the electric power from the solar cell 24, and the power generation is started. In the subsequent operation, power is supplied to the controller 25 through the change.
- power storage means include pumped-storage power generation. Using pumped-storage power generation makes it possible to store large amounts of natural energy.
- a part of the electric power from the generator 5 is sent to the hydrogen production device 26, for example.
- Water 27 is supplied to the hydrogen production device 26. If the hydrogen production device 26 is installed near the riverbank, the river water W1 can be easily supplied to the hydrogen production device 26.
- hydrogen 28 is produced by electrolyzing water using the electric power from the generator 5.
- the power generator of the present invention is applied to a river in a region with a large amount of precipitation such as the Himalayas, a large amount of power can be obtained. A large amount of hydrogen can be produced near the port if this large amount of power is supplied to the hydrogen production device 26 constructed near the port via the transmission line.
- Hydrogen 28 produced by the hydrogen production device 26 is liquefied and transported to overseas demand areas by hydrogen transportation means 29 such as a ship.
- the power generated from generator 5 is converted into liquid hydrogen and transported by ship because power transmission through overseas transmission lines has a high power loss and a high unit price.
- Hydrogen 28 arriving at a demand port is supplied to, for example, a power plant 30 constructed near the port. It is.
- the power plant 30 is provided with a fuel cell 31, a battery 32 for storing power, and a converter 33.
- the large fuel cell 31 generates direct-current power from the supplied hydrogen 28. Part of the power from the fuel cell 31 is stored in the power storage battery 32.
- the DC power from the fuel battery 31 is converted into AC by the converter 33 and sent to the customer. If hydrogen 28 is used as the transport energy of the hydrogen transport means 29, the generation of electricity in the river 1 will also eliminate CO emissions in the process leading to the power generation at the power station 30.
- vehicles that run on an electric motor include both vehicles that use a knotter as a power source and vehicles that are supplied with electric power via an overhead wire pantograph. Therefore, vehicles that run on electric motors include trucks, buses, self-propelled streetcars, railway vehicles, and the like that are not limited to passenger cars.
- the water W1 flowing through the river 1 is guided to the first turbine 2 side by the speed increasing weir 35. Since the speed of the water W1 is increased by the speed-increasing weir 35 at the place where the first water wheel 2 is arranged, the first water wheel 2 is driven to rotate by the speed-up water W1.
- the pump 3 is rotated by the first turbine 2
- a part of the water W1 of the river 1 is pumped up by the pump 3
- the water W1 is supplied from the pump 3 to the second turbine 4 side.
- the pressure of the water W1 discharged from the pump 3 rises to a predetermined value by the pressure regulating valve 7 as a pressure increasing means.
- the water W1 whose pressure has increased is supplied to the second turbine 4 to drive the second turbine 4 and the generator 5 generates power. Since the discharge port 6d is located on the upstream side of the second turbine 4, the water W1 discharged from the second turbine 4 is returned to the upstream side of the first turbine 2. As a result, the amount of water upstream of the first turbine 2 increases, and the speed of the water W1 passing through the first turbine 2 is further increased.
- the speed increasing weir 35 is provided in the river 1, but power generation is possible without the speed increasing weir 35.
- the energy of the flowing water is small. Power generation using water turbines and generators used in dam type and water channel type power plants is difficult.
- the water supplied to the second turbine 4 is increased in pressure from the pressure control valve 7, so the standard type turbine used in dam-type and channel-type power plants is used. Can be driven. Therefore, for example, the generator 5 can be driven by the second water turbine 4 composed of a high head Pelton turbine, and even if the water flow of the river 1 is used, the same power generation as the power generation by the high head is possible. In this way, the pressure of the water W1 pumped up by the pump 3 is increased by the boosting means, so even if the position of the filter 12 that is the intake position is lower than the position of the second turbine 4, the second turbine 4 can be driven to rotate.
- the flow rate of the water W1 supplied to the second turbine 4 can be sufficiently secured, and the second turbine The output of 4 can be increased. Therefore, even if the water depth of river 1 is shallow, by using a large number of the first turbine 2 and pump 3 at the same time, it is possible to generate high-output power without using a turbine with a large diameter like that of wind turbines. Is possible.
- a water turbine having a large diameter has a high manufacturing cost, which is difficult to mass-produce.
- Small diameter water turbines are suitable for mass production, and the production cost is low. Small diameter water turbines are also easy to transport, handle and install locally.
- the investment cost can be reduced due to the mass production effect or the like.
- the power generation apparatus of the present invention can always generate power. Therefore, the operation rate is significantly higher than that of wind power generation or solar power generation, and the unit price of power generation can be lower than that of other natural energy generation.
- the generator 5 In the conventional apparatus in which the generator is provided on the float floating in the water, the high voltage cable swings following the float, so that the high voltage cable is damaged and there is a problem in terms of reliability.
- the generator 5 is fixed in the power generation house 20 installed on the ground side, so that a high voltage cable can be fixed. Therefore, the power to consumers The high-voltage cable for supplying power can improve the reliability of the power generation device that does not swing. Further, since the generator 5 is arranged on the ground side, maintenance is easier than a generator having a structure buried in water. Furthermore, since the pump 3 driven by the first water turbine 2 is not a hydraulic pump but a water pump, even if water W1 leaks from the pump 3 or the discharge pipe 6 b to the river J 111, the river 3 1 will not be polluted!
- FIG. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the speed increasing weir 38 is different from that of the first embodiment, and the other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same configurations as those of the first embodiment. The explanation is omitted. The same applies to Embodiments 3 to 7 described later.
- the river 1 is provided with a trapezoidal speed-increasing weir 38 that resembles Nakashu.
- the river width is gradually narrowed from the upstream side to the downstream side by the hypotenuse 38a of the speed increasing weir 38.
- the downstream side of the oblique side portion 38a is a straight portion 38b.
- the straight portion 38b extends in the same direction as the flow direction of the river from near the upstream of the first water turbine 2 to near the downstream of the pump 3.
- the first turbine 2 and the pump 3 are arranged between the straight portion 38b and the riverbank lb.
- the flow velocity between the straight section 38b and the riverbank lb is significantly faster than the upstream side due to the concentration of water flow.
- the height of the riverbed force of the speed increasing weir 38 is H. From the surface of the speed increasing weir 38
- H The height of H is H.
- Height H means that water does not flood the ground when the flow rate increases due to flooding.
- the power generation house 20 is arranged.
- the power generation house 20 is supported by a plurality of support columns 20a.
- the strut 20a has a height that prevents the power generation house 20 from being submerged when the water volume increases.
- the speed-increasing weir 38 is formed in a state of Nakashu, so that it is not necessary to secure a space for creating a power plant in a place other than the river 1. Therefore, the construction cost of the power plant can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of first turbines 2 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the river flow direction.
- a plurality of first turbines 2 are arranged in parallel to the river flow direction. ing. This arrangement is narrow river It is effective in the case.
- FIG. 9 shows Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- a water channel Id for guiding river water is provided on the ground side, and the first water turbine 2 and the pump 3 are arranged in the water channel Id.
- a speed-increasing weir 39 is arranged on river 1, a speed-increasing weir 39 is arranged.
- the speed-increasing weir 39 guides a large amount of water from the river 1 to the water channel Id and increases the flow velocity of the water channel Id.
- the first turbine 2 and the pump 3 are directly arranged in the river 1.
- gates 37a and 37b that can be opened and closed are provided at the upstream end and downstream end of the water channel Id, the water flowing into the water channel Id can be stopped, and the first turbine 2 and the pump 3 can be easily inspected.
- FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the first turbine 2 and the pump 3 are supported by a float 80 floating in the river 1.
- the float 80 is moored by a fixing means 82 provided on the ground side via a rope 81.
- the pump 3 is connected with a high-pressure hose 83 as piping.
- the water discharged from the pump 3 is supplied to the second turbine 4 side through the high-pressure hose 83.
- the high-pressure hose 83 moves following the float 80, so that the piping is not damaged.
- the structure is such that the pump 3 is fixed by the foundation 36 provided at the bottom of the river.
- the structure is such that the float 80 is moored. Can be eliminated, and the investment cost can be reduced.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 show Embodiment 6 of the present invention, which uses tidal current energy in the ocean. Also in this embodiment, it is desirable to provide the speed increasing weir 35 in order to increase the speed of the tidal current.
- Reference numeral 50 indicates a float floating on the seawater W2.
- the float 50 has a body 51, a tank 52, a rudder 53, and a steering part 54. Tanks 52 are attached to the left and right sides of the body 51.
- a rudder 53 is provided on the downstream side of the fuselage 51.
- the rudder 53 is driven by the steering unit 54.
- the float 50 can be connected via a wire rope 57, for example. Connected to the ground support 60.
- the float 50 is movable to the ocean side or the ground side around the support 60.
- the pipe 6 through which the seawater W2 flows extends along the wire rope 57.
- the pipe 6 is supported on the wire rope 57 by a plurality of
- the first water wheel 2 and the pump 3 are attached to the body 51 so as to be movable. As a result, the first turbine 2 and the pump 3 are always opposite to the flow direction of the tidal current.
- Pump 3 is driven by first turbine 2 and pumps a portion of seawater W2.
- the pressure of the seawater discharged from the pump 3 is increased by the pressure control valve 7.
- a second turbine 4 and a generator 5 are provided on the ground side.
- the second turbine 4 is driven by the seawater W2 whose pressure has been increased, and the generator 5 is driven by the second turbine 4.
- Seawater W2 discharged from the second turbine 4 is returned to the upstream side of the first turbine 2.
- metal materials that take into account the corrosion resistance to seawater W2 are used.
- a wheel 55 is attached to the lower surface of the body 51.
- the wheel 55 is for guiding the float 50 to the ground side.
- An angle sensor 61 for detecting the position of the float 50 is provided on the support 60 side.
- the angle sensor 61 also detects the position of the float 50 by the angular force generated by the support 60 and the wire rope 57.
- a flow velocity sensor 56 for detecting the flow velocity of the tidal current is provided at the upstream end of the float 50. Signals from the angle sensor 61 and the flow velocity sensor 56 are input to the controller 25.
- the steering unit 54 is controlled by the controller 25.
- a port 76 for accommodating the float 50 is formed on the coast 75 side. The float 50 can be lifted to the ground side by the inclined surface 76 a of the port 76.
- step 101 the angle of the rudder 53 is controlled.
- step 102 the float 50 is controlled by the tidal force acting on the rudder 53 by controlling the angle of the rudder 53 to ⁇ .
- step 103 the position of the float 50 is detected based on the signal from the angle sensor 61.
- step 104 the tide is The velocity of the flow is detected.
- step 105 it is determined whether or not the force at which the float 50 reaches the position farthest from the coast 75. When the farthest position has been reached, the routine proceeds to step 106, where the controller 25 calculates the place where the tidal velocity is maximum based on the signals from the angle sensor 61 and the flow velocity sensor 56.
- step 107 the rudder 53 is controlled based on the calculation result of step 106, and the float 50 is moved to the maximum flow velocity position and stopped. In this way, the float 50 is stopped at the maximum flow velocity position, so that a high power generation output can be obtained.
- FIGS. 14 to 17 show Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and in particular, show how the seawater W2 discharged from the second water turbine 4 is used.
- a breakwater 210 made of reinforced concrete extends along the coast. Seawater W2 flows along the breakwater 210 in the ocean facing the breakwater 210.
- a speed increasing weir 211 extending obliquely in a direction away from the breakwater wave 210 as it goes upstream is provided.
- the speed increasing weir 211 has a downstream end 21 la substantially parallel to the flow direction of the seawater W2.
- the speed-increasing weir 211 is fixed at the bottom to the seabed, and the sea surface force also protrudes from the top.
- a metal frame 200 is disposed in the sea between the breakwater 210 and the downstream end of the speed increasing weir 211.
- the frame 200 has one end 200 a supported by the breakwater 210 and the other end 200 b supported by the downstream end 21 la of the speed increasing weir 211.
- the frame 200 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped and has a plurality of flow paths 201. Each flow path 201 is for allowing the seawater W2 to pass through, and extends in the flow direction of the seawater W2.
- the speed-increasing weir 211 is made of reinforced concrete like the breakwater 210, but may be made of a metal member having corrosion resistance.
- the speed increasing weir 211 has a function of converging the flow of the seawater W2 to each flow path 201 of the frame 200 and increasing the speed of the seawater W2 passing through each flow path 201. It is desirable that the speed-increasing weir 211 also functions as a breakwater that suppresses high waves just by increasing the speed of the seawater W2.
- each flow channel 201 in the frame 200 is formed as a funnel-shaped portion 202 whose flow channel cross-sectional area gradually decreases as it goes downstream.
- a cylindrical portion 203 is connected to the downstream end of the funnel-shaped portion 202.
- the first water turbine 2 and the pump 3 are disposed inside the cylindrical portion 203.
- the first turbine 2 is located upstream of the pump 3
- the first water turbine 2 is connected to the rotating shaft of the pump 3.
- the pump 3 is supported on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 203.
- the first water turbine 2 is rotationally driven by the kinetic energy of the seawater W2 accelerated by the funnel 202.
- the filter 12 that takes in the seawater W2 is provided on the downstream side of the pump 3.
- the suction portion of the filter 12 is provided with a rotating brush (not shown) that rotates by the flow of seawater W2 and prevents adhesion of seaweed and the like.
- the pump 3 When the pump 3 is rotationally driven by the first water turbine 2, the pump 3 pumps seawater W 2 through the filter 12. Seawater W2 discharged from each pump 3 is gathered on the frame 200 side and supplied to the pressure increasing means 7 provided on the ground side via the pipe 204.
- the second water turbine 4 provided on the ground side is driven to rotate by seawater W2 whose pressure has been increased by the pressure increasing means 7.
- the generator 5 provided on the ground side is rotationally driven by the second water turbine 4 to generate AC power. Electricity generated by the generator 5 is supplied to the demand area through the transmission line
- Seawater W2 discharged from the second water turbine 4 is supplied to a mineral resource collecting process installed on the ground side via a pipe 213.
- a mineral resource collection device 214 is installed in the mineral resource collection process.
- the mineral resource collection device 214 has a function of capturing uranium in seawater using an adsorption method. In the adsorption method, uranium is adsorbed on an adsorbent such as titanic acid, and then a desorbed liquid is obtained using the desorbent as the adsorbent. Thereafter, the desorption liquid is adsorbed to the ion exchange resin by passing the ion exchange resin.
- the extract adsorbed on the ion exchange resin is subjected to the same treatment as the uranium ore treatment, and uranium is collected. Since all the seawater W2 discharged from the second turbine 4 passes through the mineral resource collection device 214, a large amount of seawater W2 can be brought into contact with the adsorbent, and a large amount of mineral resources can be collected. Is possible. Uranium collected by the Mineral Resource Extractor 214 is used for nuclear power generation. Mineral resources that can be collected are not limited to uranium, and it is also possible to collect lithium contained in seawater. Thus, since the seawater W2 discharged from the second water turbine 4 can be used, it is not necessary to pump up the seawater W2 by a motor or the like, and it is possible to extract mineral resources with little energy.
- Seawater W2 after uranium collection discharged from the mineral resource collection device 214 is supplied to the aquaculture pond 216 installed on the ground side via the pipe 215a.
- Aquaculture Pond 216 It is a place where fish and shellfish grown in seawater are cultivated.
- the seawater W2 supplied to the aquaculture pond 216 is adjusted to a temperature suitable for fish culture.
- the electric power from generator 5 is used as the electric power necessary for temperature adjustment of seawater W2.
- the aquaculture pond 216 provided on the ground side is less affected by weather conditions and the like as in the case of aquaculture, so that the productivity of fish and shellfish can be increased compared to the aquaculture in the ocean.
- seawater W2 discharged from the mineral resource collection device 214 is used, but it is of course possible to use the seawater W2 discharged directly from the second turbine 4. Of the seawater W2 after uranium collection, the surplus is returned to the ocean.
- the uranium-collected seawater W2 discharged from the mineral resource collection device 214 is supplied to a desalination device 217 installed on the ground side via a pipe 215b.
- the desalination apparatus 217 has a function of converting seawater W2 into fresh water by the reverse osmosis method.
- the reverse osmosis method is a method in which seawater W2 is passed through a kind of filter called reverse osmosis membrane by applying pressure to seawater W2 to obtain fresh water. Compared with other desalination methods, this method consumes less energy and is easier to operate and maintain.
- the fresh water obtained by the desalinator 217 is used for food production and hydrogen production as described later.
- the fresh water generated by the desalination apparatus 217 is supplied to the food production factory 219 via the pipe 218a.
- the food production factory 219 is a factory that automatically produces, for example, vegetables by hydroponics. Electric power generated by the generator 5 is used as light and heat energy necessary for growing vegetables and the like. The power that fresh water is indispensable for hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, etc. Food production is possible if seawater W2 is available even in places where fresh water is difficult to obtain with the desalination equipment 217. In addition, since freshwater can be used to produce grains for livestock feed, livestock can be raised. In food manufacturing plant 219, it is easy to keep the growth conditions of vegetables, etc. constant by controlling light and heat, so the effect of weather conditions is less than that of cultivation in fields such as rice fields and fields. It is possible to increase productivity.
- the fresh water produced by the desalination apparatus 217 is supplied to the hydrogen production apparatus 220 via the pipe 218b.
- the hydrogen production apparatus 220 has a function of obtaining hydrogen by electrolyzing fresh water obtained by the desalination apparatus 217 using electric power from the generator 5.
- Fresh water is indispensable for the production of hydrogen by electrolysis, but it is difficult to obtain fresh water using the desalination unit 217. Even if there is seawater W2 in any place, hydrogen production becomes possible.
- the hydrogen obtained by the hydrogen production apparatus 220 is, for example, liquefied, transported to various places, and converted into electric power through the fuel cell.
- the power generation device of the present invention may be arranged on the ocean far away from the land, and power obtained by a fast flowing tide (ocean current) may be supplied to the land by a superconducting cable or the like.
- the ground means above the water surface or the sea surface and is not limited to the land. Therefore, structures that are artificially created in rivers and oceans and that are located above the water and sea levels are also included on the ground.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0803534A GB2442929B (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2006-08-24 | Power generator and power generation method |
CN2006800309979A CN101248268B (zh) | 2005-08-25 | 2006-08-24 | 发电装置及发电方法 |
US12/064,392 US7948106B2 (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2006-08-24 | Power generator and power generation method |
JP2007532161A JP4947800B2 (ja) | 2005-08-25 | 2006-08-24 | 発電装置および発電方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-243527 | 2005-08-25 | ||
JP2005243527 | 2005-08-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007023879A1 true WO2007023879A1 (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
Family
ID=37771622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/316557 WO2007023879A1 (ja) | 2005-08-25 | 2006-08-24 | 発電装置および発電方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7948106B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4947800B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101248268B (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2442929B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007023879A1 (ja) |
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WO2007131305A1 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-11-22 | Mirad Hadziahmetovic | Hidroelectric plant with indirect filling of hydro-accumulation |
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WO2021024888A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-02-11 | Ntn株式会社 | 水力発電装置用集水装置および水力発電装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101248268A (zh) | 2008-08-20 |
US20080191486A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
GB0803534D0 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
GB2442929B (en) | 2011-02-16 |
US7948106B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 |
JP4947800B2 (ja) | 2012-06-06 |
GB2442929A (en) | 2008-04-16 |
JPWO2007023879A1 (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
CN101248268B (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
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