WO2006133965A1 - Procede et dispositif destines a faire fonctionner des installations ou circulent des fluides, et utilisation correspondante - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif destines a faire fonctionner des installations ou circulent des fluides, et utilisation correspondante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006133965A1
WO2006133965A1 PCT/EP2006/005819 EP2006005819W WO2006133965A1 WO 2006133965 A1 WO2006133965 A1 WO 2006133965A1 EP 2006005819 W EP2006005819 W EP 2006005819W WO 2006133965 A1 WO2006133965 A1 WO 2006133965A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating systems
fluid according
operating heating
fluid
waves
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/005819
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Heinz Gast
Original Assignee
Karl Heinz Gast
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Heinz Gast filed Critical Karl Heinz Gast
Publication of WO2006133965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006133965A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1008—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system expansion tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
    • F16L55/045—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effects of water hammer
    • F16L55/05—Buffers therefor
    • F16L55/052—Pneumatic reservoirs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and devices for operating systems with fluids for damping and compensating pressure surges and noises, which in the heating system by pressure changes or components, such as pumps or valves, can be caused in piping networks.
  • pressure changes or components such as pumps or valves
  • pressure reflections can be generated, which propagate in the network of the heating system and reflected at line ends or other valves in turn, so that pressure changes can overlap and can also add, if not be dampened or compensated. Cavitations can also occur as a result of pressure changes, as a result of which, for example, the delivery properties of the pumps are disturbed or destroyed.
  • Fluid flow noise and noise from pumps can cause disturbances or be unpleasantly noticeable.
  • thermal expansion can create pressure changes that occur dynamically in a variety of sizes, also depending on the network and the connected heat generators.
  • membrane vessels for receiving and returning thermal expansion fluid and for damping of pressure surges are used. These have the advantage that a good damping in the case of pressure surges and good back pressure properties are achieved by the elastic membrane.
  • elastic materials are susceptible to fatigue, especially at high temperatures, so that these properties diminish over time, which can lead to disturbances. This problem is reduced by mounting the membrane vessels in the lower temperature lines, but with the disadvantage that pressure changes may not be damped at the point of origin.
  • the invention is based on the object, while avoiding the disadvantages of the known gas-assisted with or without membrane designed expansion vessels a method in such a way that energetic changes caused by heat changes, pressure surges, vibrations and disturbances, even at high and high temperatures, especially at high solar radiation and long-term storage of heat, over a long time stable and defined balanced or eliminated or minimized.
  • the method should allow a temperature more independent attachment of damping, absorption and expansion devices as far as possible at the sources and improve the damping or absorption properties, so that a substantial compensation of pressure surges within or through the device and reflections are avoided in the line network and Kavitationen still be kept low.
  • the application of the method and the device should also be able to be done directly on components with high temperatures.
  • the object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1, namely the fact that energy waves, such as pressure surges, vibrations, transmitted by heat transfer (3) or heat storage fluids or components, by means of at least one within or between components arranged resilient Return movement provided or solid body (7) which is formed by structured surfaces (10) and / or by structured materials are absorbed or damped.
  • energy waves such as pressure surges, vibrations, transmitted by heat transfer (3) or heat storage fluids or components
  • the invention is also a device for operating heating systems with fluid predominantly according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, which mutatis mutandis the same
  • the object underlying the method is that elasticities of reserves of openings (21) for absorption of waves by discharge (21) from fluid areas (2) are reduced at least during a wave removal time, such as by canceling the counter holding (20) of a spring force (19) by means of an actuator (18), which is provided by the opening flap or by gravity reset of sealed and guided ⁇ ffhungsklappen or by magnetic force detachable positions of ⁇ ffhungsklappen.
  • Advantageous developments of this device are specified in claim 20.
  • Such equipped gas spaces can be used particularly advantageously for the regenerative energy production and storage, since the storage of high temperatures lower
  • Storage volume means.
  • a higher temperature load is achieved in terms of duration.
  • the gas space is heat-insulated, without any limitations in terms of service life of the facilities must be accepted. This brings advantages, especially with regenerative heat sources, since thermal bridges are avoided and thereby long-term storage can be better realized.
  • FIG. 1 One of the objects according to an example of a device for operating a system with fluid is shown in FIG. 1.
  • fluid By means of feed lines (4, 13), fluid can be fed into and discharged into the container (1) with a gas region (2).
  • the fluid gas boundary (11) is located in or on a body, which may consist of foam material (7).
  • Foam materials are generally not very temperature resistant. With such foam materials, the task of using for high temperature recovery can not be achieved.
  • foam materials made of glass or metal are structured, which have a high stability against temperatures, but are associated with the disadvantage that they are not elastic.
  • Spring travel (6) are adapted to the system.
  • system-specific problems in terms of pressure surges and vibrations can be better solved because a network-specific adaptation to the system is easily possible.
  • the attenuation and absorption of energetic waves is additionally achieved by applied to the body (7) structured surfaces (10), which form pyramids, for example, as incident on the flanks waves are reflected on the opposite edges and not in the system and thereby destroyed without damage to the system.
  • Heat storage fluids or components by means of at least one disposed within or between components resiliently provided with return movement or fixed body (7) passing through structured surfaces (10) and / or is formed by structured materials, absorbs or dampens such energetic waves.
  • Heat transfer fluids transport the heat by means of the flow of these heat to use this heat, but also energy waves are transferable by means of structures reflections of the waves are minimized, so that disturbances in the system are avoided.
  • the attachment of a body for the above tasks is particularly advantageous because either surfaces are built into bodies and structures or be structured on material body surfaces and thus energy waves are absorbed specifically according to the frequencies that can be generated with the structures directly at the place of origin or centrally, for example at a node of a pipeline network.
  • a yielding body fitted with a return movement is beneficial, although it should be provided with high temperature resistance. This is accomplished by constructing surfaces of spring steel into structured bodies so that the wave is reflected from one surface to another and the resilience of the surfaces reduces the energy of the waves. Even with the help of suspended on springs and guided bodies or structural elements or surfaces waves are absorbed.
  • body and the touching elements of the pumpkin can also cause a transmission of waves on components, which is reduced, especially in networked systems by spreading the damping effect. By isolating the body or body contacting parts, the transmission is prevented.
  • a voilhafte development is the method for operating heating systems with fluid, that by means of defined passages in terms of flow resistance between fluid areas
  • passages can be made by means of flaps which for example form a weight or which are clamped with a defined force or via permeable bodies which are coupled to define the permeability. Curved sealing lips, which also define different flow resistances in the flow directions by means of bending, are advantageous.
  • a number of passages or passages (14,15,23,24) are partially or temporarily closed in one direction, reflections can be minimized. The problem here is not to completely prevent the reflection, since cavitation is then promoted. According to the invention this is achieved by partial or temporary closure of openings, but which must still be apparent in the flow direction.
  • passages having flow-dependent shutters (14) and opening function can communicate passages having a flow independent closure (15) and opening function
  • temporary closures are made.
  • Hiebei is the problem that also different flow directions are allowed, which are formed by heats and returns.
  • the switching of such passages can be done sensory by detecting a closed flap, for example with a magnetic switch and the magnetic actuation of further flaps depending on these sensor signal.
  • Simpler possibilities exist in the mechanical coupling of flaps, which are achieved by mechanical arrangements of flaps and sealing plates and the mechanical connection of flaps.
  • Passages or inlets are also formed more advantageously by means of material structures (7) from which the bodies are formed, which also causes waves within the body to leak or wave amplitudes to be reduced. Corrosion of such materials is not desirable because then the behavioral properties of the body in terms of absorption, damping and
  • small bodies which form, for example by bedding extensions and Verengunegen the inlets or passages or in the poured body, whereby waves with lower frequencies are better absorbed.
  • small bodies may consist of compressed castors which have been fired. All these material structures allow waves to penetrate the body and their energy
  • Resist flow resistances and reflections or separation of fluids by branching within the body Resist flow resistances and reflections or separation of fluids by branching within the body.
  • the material usage is dependent on corrosion unifang, Temperatures and service life and the extent and in terms of size expected interference.
  • the compensation of energetic waves is defined or adjusted by moving resistances of the movable elements, so that on the one hand a high damping is achieved, and on the other hand fluid return properties are sufficiently high, so that flows and moving components run smoothly.
  • all elements such as body, surfaces, structures,
  • a resistance to movement are given.
  • this is also from the viewpoints of temperature resistance, a corresponding weight of the elements, also achieved by balancing, or by steel springs, which can be adjusted by an adjustment of the bias to the system.
  • a displacement or pressure-bearing gas or oil for defining attenuation values of the elements is advantageous when the sealing of such storage areas is carried out with seals having the required temperature resistance, for example press seals made of fibers such as hemp.
  • seals having the required temperature resistance for example press seals made of fibers such as hemp.
  • lip seals with a mobility by attached tissue for example also made of hemp promote the specific adaptation by isolated areas.
  • fiber fabrics or fiber layers for example of hemp, are proposed.
  • Rubber membrane which has a firm elasticity, compensated.
  • a gas pressure cushion can be changed within narrow limits for adjusting the elasticity, since the gas pressure cushion is also determined by other variables of a system, for example, the static or dynamic system pressure or the expansion volume.
  • these are produced by means of adjustable surfaces. This may be, for example, a passage area, which influences the flow resistance by the adjustability, by setting ⁇ ffhungsweiten.
  • adjustable surfaces forming a body or structural element, they can be changed in shape, for example by changing the angles of surfaces to each other or by displacing surfaces on different bodies which change the fluid space between the surfaces such that the resonance space will be changed.
  • variable movement resistances (6,8,9) are advantageous, which are prepared by Voreinnwolfen of spring travel.
  • the change in contact forces of bodies on the passage seals or vice versa allows the change of the forward resistances and thus of flow resistances and the associated reflection or damping of flow pulses.
  • Damping and reflection are also achieved by a flexible execution of structured surfaces (10) or bodies (7), which also go back to the starting position.
  • energy is absorbed into the movement by the resilience of the surfaces or body and, for example, slowed down by a return movement provided with friction, so that the reflection movement is likewise still damped.
  • resiliently tensioned spring steel surfaces which, by means of an actuator, drag along a fixed part along the return movement, thus achieving energy absorption and energy reduction.
  • structures or bodies (7) resiliently coupled surfaces or chips together a damping by the implementation of wave energy in a motion connected to a mass or with a biasing force or a frictional resistance, so that even compact designs are made possible at high noise pulses.
  • Another advantageous embodiment for receiving wave energy in motion is that the moving parts are provided with a weight, so that on the one hand by balancing with
  • Weights an adaptation to the occurring disturbances of a plant can be done and on the other hand, a higher energy compensation is achieved.
  • Highest energy compensation or dynamically different modes of operation are realized by the fact that dynamic behavior characteristics are produced by pressure reduction by means of fast responding gas pressure relief valves (5). This pressure is indeed derived from the system, but destructions are avoided and the Reduzierundg the pressure over gas areas better security is given in terms of thermal damage, as when the valve responds, the hot gas escapes once up and thereby consuming discharges are reduced with wastewater discharge can.
  • gas valves water loss or loss of liquid is avoided, so that the restoration of behavioral properties of the system by means of pressure increase can be produced from loadable or exchangeable cartridges (12).
  • these are gas cartouches, which can also be supplemented by liquid cartouches, for example, to keep damping fluids at a constant water level.
  • a VenilverInstitutes Kartouschen can also be attached only temporarily, so this is used only for maintenance purposes.
  • rechargeable cartridges are useful.
  • Further dynamic behavioral characteristics or the adaptation to disturbance variables in a specific installation is realized by coupling bodies (7) or surfaces (10) or structures. The coupling can be carried out by prior art connection techniques, whereby, for example, also bodies on the installation can be extended if increased damping or absorption due to increased disturbances is needed. Increased safety against the effects of disturbances is ensured by the connection of
  • Permeable bodies (7) to high-temperature generating facilities such as solar collectors, geothermal heat exchangers achieved.
  • the damping and discharge of gas bubbles in gas areas (2) can be done close to the Enstehungsort, so that further damage is excluded. This is preferably done with perforated containers containing clay beads or ceramic beads so that the flow can be made with low flow resistance through the container, but gas bubbles will stick to the beads due to the bulkiness and be reduced in velocity.
  • bodies (7) or structured surfaces are arranged in an arrangement so that the flow is elongated and deflections of the flow take place. Especially due to the deflections, waves can be channeled with the flow into structures, so that the maximum damping properties can be utilized and the reflection ions can be conducted directly into further structures.
  • Transfers of vibrations between body (7) or structures or structured surfaces and components may be desirable, for example, in pump vibrating, so that vibrations may be transmitted to heat traps, with bodies or structured surfaces attached to components, and possibly with a wide body or textured surfaces , which
  • Transfer insulation may be located, damped or absorbed on components in the heat transfer medium.
  • bodies or structured surfaces With the aforementioned function they become Suspended bands or ropes, which allow mobility through the suspension, and the transmission of vibrations through the flexible and cross-sectional minimized suspension is prevented.
  • This is achieved by straps that hold the bodies or structured surfaces and, by gravity and balanced weight on the body or surfaces, allow for mobility within the limits of the lengths of the strap, with freedom from contact with other components.
  • Ropes made of hemp or wire are also suitable if they are designed with appropriate cross sections.
  • the body or structured surfaces in a position against gravity and the impinging jacks change the bends and allow for mobility, and the bias further positions the bodies or structured surfaces.
  • the bias can also be achieved by springs, which are suspended from tapes or ropes. The locations of the suspension, the directions of the bends, as well as the cross sections of the suspensions determine the size of the mobility in each direction.
  • the device should be as effective as possible in border areas, so in case of major disturbances, so that they are degraded quickly and without Reflexioenen, and it is ensured that no damage will be generated in the system. Especially reflections in widely branched communication networks can cause considerable damage, even if they are increased by fast switching valves. In addition, the cavitations can be minimized with facilities according to the methods 1 to 17.
  • the elimination of elasticities is achieved by reversing the counter-holding (20) of a spring force (19) by means of an actuator (18), which is provided by the ⁇ ffhungsklappe. A pressure value defined by the spring opens the flap, so that the actuator is actuated and the spring force is removed or reduced, so that the pressure is released quickly without the Flap closes.
  • the flap is closed by a weight or by a second spring again when the pressure defined by the two springs or by the spring and the weight is reduced.
  • the preparation of the counter-holding can be restored manually or by a snap-back mechanism triggered by the second spring.
  • weights may be used to define the release pressure and return pressure, rather than springs, which will provide resistance or resetting to the sealed and guided door valves. In this case, a holding weight is canceled by an actuator. Solvent-releasable positions of opening flaps and provisions also make sense, especially since they can also be adapted with regard to the applied force.
  • the device that the derivative (21) of waves on ⁇ ffhungsklappen takes place, which only by a force-defined attitude, such as clamping, magnetic adhesion, an opening is free, without elasticity act.
  • a flap can be clamped with a certain force, so that a pressure value opens this flap.
  • This simplified and cost-effective design is then suitable only for rare perturbing disturbances or markets uit appropriate maintenance prices. Versions which hold the fold with magnetic force, so that defined pressure values overcome the magnetic force and thus the flap is also large area apparently, can also be provided for restoring and / or keeping the flap open with electronically switched magnetic force, so that a reduction or dissipation of Press is also controllable.
  • the attitude of the flap via a permanent magnet, which is adjustable by a distance adjustment to the flap and the holding force.
  • Holding effect of the magnet decreases with the ⁇ ffhugsweg, but can rarely be set permanently for uneterschiiedliche plant, so that the displacement of the magnet on the flap on the lever travel of the flap ebenflls allows adjustment for the response directing and the holding path of the magnet.
  • the arrangement of magnetic forces with permanent magnets for the constantly required forces is energy efficient and safe, since these forces are not amplified by interference and thus such openings are also operable at safety limits.
  • build-up between the flap and the fixed area may increase the opening force somewhat so that the safety margin would shift.
  • Such adhesions must be avoided by maintenance intervals, whereby the holding force is checked and, if necessary, adhesions are removed.
  • the application of magnets or magnetic forces from the outside should be avoided by a surrounding shielding with magnetically conductive material, to ensure safety against external effects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et des dispositifs destinés à faire fonctionner des installations où circulent des fluides, ainsi que l'utilisation correspondante. Dans des installations de chauffage dans lesquelles circulent des fluides, des ondes énergétiques telles que coups de bélier, vibrations, transmises par des fluides et des composants caloporteurs ou accumulateurs de chaleur, sont absorbées ou amorties par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un corps souple, disposé à l'intérieur ou entre des composants, ou d'un corps solide à mouvement de déplacement, qui est formé par des surfaces structurées et/ou par des matériaux structurés. L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif caractérisé en ce que les élasticités des rappels des ouvertures pour l'absorption des ondes se dégradent par déviation à partir des zones de fluide, au moins pendant une période de dégradation des ondes. En outre, l'utilisation de ce dispositif et du procédé pour l'absorption et la réflexion des impulsions énergétiques dans les composants d'une installation, tels que dispositifs échangeurs, dispositifs d'absorption de l'expansion, condenseur, est pertinente. Ceci correspond pleinement au but recherché, à savoir que des variations énergétiques sont, à la longue, équilibrées ou minimisées de manière stable et définie, même dans le cas de températures particulièrement élevées, notamment lors d'un rayonnement solaire intense et d'une accumulation longue durée de chaleur.
PCT/EP2006/005819 2005-06-17 2006-06-16 Procede et dispositif destines a faire fonctionner des installations ou circulent des fluides, et utilisation correspondante WO2006133965A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005029506.1 2005-06-17
DE200510029506 DE102005029506A1 (de) 2005-06-17 2005-06-17 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Betreiben von Heizungsanlagen, sowie Verwendung

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006133965A1 true WO2006133965A1 (fr) 2006-12-21

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WO (1) WO2006133965A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3581773A (en) * 1969-08-27 1971-06-01 Kenneth H Warren Device for attenuating pulsation (deadener)
DE1963709A1 (de) * 1969-12-19 1971-07-15 Rheinische Metallwerk Gmbh Arm Vorrichtung zum Verhindern oder Reduzieren von Druckschlaegen in Leitungsnetzen
US3868972A (en) * 1972-11-04 1975-03-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hydraulic pressure compensator
JPS50144103A (fr) * 1974-05-08 1975-11-19
DE8905613U1 (de) * 1989-04-28 1989-07-06 Gebr. Otto Kg, 5910 Kreuztal Druckhaltestation mit sekundärer Mindest- und Hochdrucksicherung
EP0430223A1 (fr) * 1989-11-29 1991-06-05 Inax Corporation Absorbeur de coups de bélier
DE19605945A1 (de) * 1996-02-17 1997-08-21 Integral Hydraulik Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Druckhaltung in einem als Pulsationsdämpfer wirkenden Hydrospeicher mit Durchlaufcharakteristik
US6418969B1 (en) * 2000-11-08 2002-07-16 Watts Regulator Co. In-line thermal expansion tank
DE10215402A1 (de) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Monty Gmbh Wartungsverfahren für eine Heizungsanlage eines Gebäudes
US20040231738A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-11-25 Kenichi Suzuki Hydraulic accumulator

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3581773A (en) * 1969-08-27 1971-06-01 Kenneth H Warren Device for attenuating pulsation (deadener)
DE1963709A1 (de) * 1969-12-19 1971-07-15 Rheinische Metallwerk Gmbh Arm Vorrichtung zum Verhindern oder Reduzieren von Druckschlaegen in Leitungsnetzen
US3868972A (en) * 1972-11-04 1975-03-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hydraulic pressure compensator
JPS50144103A (fr) * 1974-05-08 1975-11-19
DE8905613U1 (de) * 1989-04-28 1989-07-06 Gebr. Otto Kg, 5910 Kreuztal Druckhaltestation mit sekundärer Mindest- und Hochdrucksicherung
EP0430223A1 (fr) * 1989-11-29 1991-06-05 Inax Corporation Absorbeur de coups de bélier
DE19605945A1 (de) * 1996-02-17 1997-08-21 Integral Hydraulik Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Druckhaltung in einem als Pulsationsdämpfer wirkenden Hydrospeicher mit Durchlaufcharakteristik
US6418969B1 (en) * 2000-11-08 2002-07-16 Watts Regulator Co. In-line thermal expansion tank
DE10215402A1 (de) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Monty Gmbh Wartungsverfahren für eine Heizungsanlage eines Gebäudes
US20040231738A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-11-25 Kenichi Suzuki Hydraulic accumulator

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