WO2006129770A1 - 核酸の検出方法 - Google Patents
核酸の検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006129770A1 WO2006129770A1 PCT/JP2006/311025 JP2006311025W WO2006129770A1 WO 2006129770 A1 WO2006129770 A1 WO 2006129770A1 JP 2006311025 W JP2006311025 W JP 2006311025W WO 2006129770 A1 WO2006129770 A1 WO 2006129770A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5308—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for analytes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. nucleic acids, uric acid, worms, mites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6804—Nucleic acid analysis using immunogens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6827—Hybridisation assays for detection of mutation or polymorphism
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6834—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2563/00—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties
- C12Q2563/131—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties the label being a member of a cognate binding pair, i.e. extends to antibodies, haptens, avidin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting a nucleic acid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for detecting a nucleic acid by specific binding between a ligand and a receptor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for detecting a nucleic acid using an aggregating reaction of dispersible particles.
- SNP analysis is based on microarray technology.
- AmpliChip P450 sold by Roche Diagnostic is a typical SNP measurement device, and is approved by the FDA as an SNP diagnostic kit!
- detection of nucleic acids by a microarray is performed by hybridization between nucleic acids.
- reaction conditions between nucleic acids and hybridization must be at a high temperature of 45 ° C or higher, and the reaction conditions vary depending on the GC content in the base sequence of the nucleic acid to be reacted and the length of the nucleic acid. It is difficult to always set optimal reaction conditions.
- detection of nucleic acids by a microarray is performed by hybridizing sample nucleic acids in a liquid solution to labeled nucleic acids on a solid substrate. Reaction conditions at the interface between liquid and solid are difficult to set because the chemical states of each other are very different. This results in problems of low response and false response.
- the method for detecting a nucleic acid includes (1) a step of binding the first and second ligands to a nucleic acid to be detected; and (2) a nucleic acid to which the ligand is bound, Binding a first ligand to a solid phase carrier carrying a receptor that specifically binds to the ligand to obtain a nucleic acid solid phase carrier complex; (3) in the complex, A step of binding a second ligand to a receptor modified with a labeling substance that specifically binds to the ligand; and (4) a step of detecting the nucleic acid by detecting the labeling substance.
- the method for detecting a nucleic acid includes (1) a target nucleic acid bound with different types of first and second ligands, and a receptor that specifically binds to the first ligand. Reacting a plurality of first microparticles to which a plurality of receptors specifically bound to the second ligand are bound, and (2) the two target nucleic acids are By binding to the first and second microparticles, the first and second microparticles are linked, and a plurality of target nucleic acids bind to one microparticle, and each of the target nucleic acids binds to another microparticle. And a step of measuring spectrophotometric agglomeration caused by a large number of fine particles connected to each other.
- the nucleic acid detection method of the present invention can detect a nucleic acid with high sensitivity and high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a step of binding a ligand to a nucleic acid.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a step of binding a ligand to a nucleic acid under a competitive reaction condition.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a step of binding different ligands to plural kinds of nucleic acids.
- FIG. 4 is a list of detection methods for nucleic acids modified with a ligand.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a detection process of a nucleic acid modified with a ligand.
- FIG. 6 is an amino acid sequence of the ligand of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a nucleotide sequence of the primer of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a base sequence of a nucleic acid to be detected.
- FIG. 9 is a nucleotide sequence of the nucleic acid probe of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows the nucleotide sequences of the primers of the examples.
- FIG. 11 shows the nucleotide sequence of the nucleic acid probe of the example.
- FIG. 12 is a bar graph showing the results of the examples.
- FIG. 13 is a bar graph showing the results of a modification.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram of a target nucleic acid to which a ligand is bound.
- FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram of dispersible fine particles to which a receptor is bound.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing aggregation of fine particles.
- FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram when measuring by spectrophotometry.
- FIG. 18 is a conceptual diagram showing the principle of detecting nucleic acid mutations using the PCR-SSP method.
- FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram showing the principle of detecting nucleic acid mutation using ligation.
- the nucleic acid to be detected means a specific nucleic acid molecule present in a sample.
- Nucleic acids to be detected include all types of DNA and RNA such as cDNA, genomic DNA, synthetic DNA, mRNA, total RNA, hnRNA, and synthetic RNA.
- a specific nucleic acid molecule present in a biological sample is detected.
- the first ligand means a substance that specifically binds to a receptor carried on a solid phase carrier.
- the second ligand means a substance that specifically binds to a receptor modified with a labeling substance.
- Ligand substances include hapten, piotin, dioxigen, fluorescein, alexa, sugar chain, peptide, protein, polyhistidine, antigen Z antibody substance, HA, GST, Tap, Flag, etc. Contains substances. Piotin, dioxigen, fluorescein, alexa, etc. are readily available at low prices. Glycans and peptides can be easily selected from multiple types of haptens with a high degree of freedom in the design of chemical structures, and can be selected as needed.
- the hapten is preferably a hydrophilic organic compound
- the sugar chain is preferably composed of two or more monosaccharides
- the preferred peptide is preferably a peptide having an amino acid residue strength of more than one.
- An antigen Z antibody substance may be used to detect a nucleic acid using an immune reaction. Specific binding between the ligand and the receptor can be achieved by an antigen-antibody reaction.
- the labeling substance includes any labeling substance known to those skilled in the art.
- an optical marker capable of generating an optical signal such as fluorescence and luminescence (chemiluminescence, bioluminescence) is preferable.
- the method for binding the first and second ligands to the nucleic acid to be detected includes modification with a ligand.
- Methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using decorated primers ( Figure 1 (0), ligation reactions on nucleic acids to be detected using ligand-modified nucleic acid probes ( Figure 1G0), etc.)
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- Figure 1 (0) ligation reactions on nucleic acids to be detected using ligand-modified nucleic acid probes
- Figure 1G0 ligand-modified nucleic acid probes
- the number of nucleic acids to be detected can be modified with a ligand and the number of the nucleic acids can be amplified (Fig. 1 (0).
- the portion of the nucleic acid to be subjected to the ligation reaction is preliminarily determined. It is preferable to amplify by PCR method
- the binding of the nucleic acid probe to a similar sequence in another region of the nucleic acid can be prevented in advance, and a highly accurate ligation reaction can be performed.
- the ligation reaction is performed on the amplified nucleic acid region, and then the nucleic acid modified with the ligand can be obtained by denaturation (FIG. I (iO)).
- a ligand can be bound to a nucleic acid by a PCR-SSP method using a competitive reaction. That is, a primer similar to the primer modified with the first ligand is previously prepared. This primer has the ability to bind in the same Cf position as the primer modified with the first ligand on the nucleic acid to be detected.
- a competitive reaction can be used to bind a ligand to a nucleic acid by a ligation reaction, a nucleus similar to a nucleic acid probe modified with the first ligand.
- An acid probe is prepared in advance, and this nucleic acid probe can bind to the nucleic acid probe to be detected at the same position as that of the nucleic acid probe modified with the first ligand, but its binding end force matches. Therefore, the accuracy of the ligation reaction can be improved by carrying out the ligation reaction in a state including the nucleic acid probe having such a pseudo sequence.
- the nucleic acid modified with the first and second ligands can be obtained by denaturing the primer or probe modified with the first ligand and the primer or probe having a pseudo sequence.
- the third ligand is modified, and the nucleic acid modified with the first ligand and the second ligand is combined with the third ligand. It is also possible to obtain nucleic acids modified with Gand and the second ligand simultaneously in the same solution, in which case the nucleic acid modified with the first ligand and the third ligand.
- By detecting each modified nucleic acid and measuring the ratio of the detected amount of the first and third ligands it is possible to achieve further accuracy without being affected by the concentration of the nucleic acid to be detected or the nonspecific reaction of the probe. High measurement is possible.
- the first ligand and the second ligand may be the same or different.
- the first ligand and the second ligand are not necessarily required to have a single molecular force, and each may be composed of two or more molecules.
- nucleic acid containing a mutated part a nucleic acid containing a standard part. Focusing on two types), a method for detecting this polymorphism through specific binding between a ligand and a receptor will be described.
- PCR-SSP method Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primer method
- PCR-SSP method Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primer method
- Fig. 3 (as shown in 0, three types of primers modified with the first and third ligands are prepared (hereinafter referred to as the first to third primers, respectively).
- the first to third primers has a sequence corresponding to the base sequence including the mutated portion, and its extended end corresponds to the base of the mutated portion, while the second primer has a sequence corresponding to the base sequence including the standard portion.
- the extension end corresponds to the base of the standard part, and the third primer has a base sequence that allows PCR to be performed in relation to the first and second primers.
- Nucleotide polymorphism refers to a state in which the nucleotide sequence of a gene is different at one place and its site, that is, the nucleotide sequence before and after the polymorphism is the same in both standard and mutant nucleic acids.
- the base sequence of the second primer is different only in the extension end force S1 base, and the other base sequences are the same. It is one.
- the first and second primers compete with each other and bind to nucleic acid (competitive reaction).
- the primer modified with the first ligand has an extension terminal force S mismatch on the standard nucleic acid, and therefore, an extension reaction with a polymerase is performed. I can't.
- the primer modified with the second ligand is mismatched on the extension side of the mutant nucleic acid, and thus cannot be extended by polymerase.
- nucleic acid is amplified by PCR to obtain a nucleic acid modified with a ligand (Fig. 3 (0).
- the nucleic acid containing the mutated portion is converted into a nucleic acid modified with the first and third ligands, while The nucleic acid containing the standard part is associated with the nucleic acid modified with the second and third ligands, respectively, since this association is performed under competitive reaction conditions and is therefore very accurate.
- nucleic acid and ligand can be linked by ligation reaction.
- FIG. 3 (ii) three types of nucleic acid probes modified with the first or third ligand are prepared (hereinafter referred to as the first to third nucleic acid probes, respectively).
- the first nucleic acid probe has a base sequence corresponding to the nucleic acid sequence containing the mutated portion, and the binding side end thereof corresponds to the base of the mutated portion.
- the second nucleic acid probe has a base sequence corresponding to the nucleic acid sequence containing the standard part, and its binding end corresponds to the base of the standard part.
- the third nucleic acid probe has a base sequence capable of performing a ligation reaction in relation to the first and second nucleic acid probes.
- the base sequences before and after the single nucleotide polymorphism are the same for both the standard type and the mutant type, the base sequences of the first and second nucleic acid probes differ only in the binding side ends. The other sequences are the same. Therefore, the first and second nucleic acid probes compete with each other and bind to the nucleic acid (competitive reaction).
- the first nucleic acid probe mismatches its binding end force on a standard nucleic acid and is subsequently modified with a third ligand. Ligation reaction cannot be performed with the nucleic acid probe formed. On the other hand, since the binding end of the second nucleic acid probe mismatches on the mutant nucleic acid, a ligation reaction cannot be performed with the third nucleic acid probe. Thereafter, the first nucleic acid probe and the third nucleic acid probe are ligated on the mutant nucleic acid, and the second nucleic acid probe and the third nucleic acid probe are ligated on the standard nucleic acid.
- a nucleic acid modified with a ligand is obtained through a denaturation reaction (FIG. 3 (ii).
- a nucleic acid containing a mutated portion contains a standard portion as a nucleic acid modified with a first and a third ligand.
- Nucleic acids are associated as nucleic acids modified with second and third ligands, respectively.
- the reaction step can be further simplified, and cost and time can be reduced.
- it is inconvenient because the sensitivity is poor and the probe design cannot select the force of the SNP site.
- the same sequence may exist at a position different from the SNP site to be detected. In this case, there is a disadvantage that the accuracy is deteriorated. Therefore, in order to improve sensitivity and accuracy, a PCR reaction is performed around the SNP site to be detected, and the problem can be solved by amplifying the nucleic acid containing the SNP to be detected.
- the primer and nucleic acid probe are preferably 3 to 60 bases.
- the number and type of ligands are not limited to this, and the first to third ligands may each be composed of two or more molecules.
- the nucleic acid can be detected even in the absence of either the first or second ligand.
- the reaction system can be simplified by reducing the number of ligands.
- haptens a to c polypeptide
- primers a to c modified with knopants a to c are prepared (FIG. 7).
- an amplification reaction was performed on the sample shown in FIG. 8 by the PCR-SSP method.
- the sample SNP site (# position in Fig. 8)
- the aryl types are A / A homo, A / G hetero, and G / G homo. If the sample SNP site is homologous to A / A, primer a in Fig.
- the amplification product 7 matches the SNP site, and amplification is performed by PCR together with primer c. Since amplification is not performed with primer b, the amplification product is double-stranded DNA with both nopten a and hapten c modified at both 5 'ends. In the same way, if the sample SNP site is G / G, the PCR product will be double-stranded DNA with modified nopten b and hapten c at both 5 'ends. Furthermore, when the sample SNP site is A / G, an amplification product is obtained in which double-stranded DNA modified with hapten a and hapten c and double-stranded DNA modified with hapten b and hapten c are mixed.
- amplification may be performed using only the primer a and the primer c, for example, without preparing three types of primers.
- a plurality of SNPs of the nucleic acid to be detected can be detected.
- a primer modified with a different hapten for each SNP site may be prepared, and the nucleic acid to be detected may be amplified by the PCR-SSP method.
- nucleic acid probes a to c modified with knopants a to c, respectively, are prepared (FIG. 9).
- a ligation reaction is performed on the sample shown in Fig. 8.
- probe a in Fig. 4 matches the SNP site, and ligation reaction is performed by ligase together with probe c.
- Probe b does not perform a ligation reaction.
- the reaction product is modified with knoptene a and hapten c at both ends of the 5 'and 3' ends, respectively.
- Single-stranded DNA if the sample SNP site is G / G, the ligation product is a single-stranded DNA modified with nopten b and hapten c at both ends.
- hapten a and hapten c were modified.
- a ligation product is obtained in which single-stranded DNA, hapten b, and hapten c are modified.
- amplification may be performed using only probe a and probe c, for example, without preparing three types of probes!
- the present invention can also detect a plurality of types of SNPs.
- a competitive reaction is set for each SNP, so the number of primer Z probes increases depending on the type of SNP position. If two types of SNPs are used, six primer Z probes are required, and the fourth and fifth ligands are the minimum required.
- the sixth ligand corresponding to the third ligand can be used, but by using the third ligand in common for the detection of various SNPs, BF separation after the reaction can be performed easily and easily. The cost can also be reduced.
- detection of various SNPs may be performed in separate containers, or may be performed simultaneously in the same container.
- different SNPs corresponding to the third ligand (Six ligands, ninth ligands Processes such as BF separation can be performed in any order on the types, and two or more types of SNPs can be detected in the same container using a common third ligand.
- BF separation a common third ligand.
- Fig. 4 shows a method for detecting a nucleic acid modified with a ligand.
- Nucleic acid detection methods have various modes, and the present invention includes all modes in which the present invention can be implemented.
- a representative method is a method of detecting with a fluorescent dye.
- a solid-phase carrier is preliminarily loaded with a receptor that specifically binds to the first ligand.
- the receptor that specifically binds to the second ligand is covered with a fluorescent dye.
- the nucleic acid modified with the ligand is bound to the solid phase carrier via the first ligand, and then the second ligand is fluorescently colored. Binds the elementally modified receptor.
- the nucleic acid can be detected by detecting this fluorescent dye using an optical device.
- the first ligand may be previously supported on the solid phase carrier.
- a receptor that specifically binds to the supported first ligand is bound to the supported first ligand.
- the first ligand of the nucleic acid modified with the ligand is bound to the receptor.
- the solid phase carrier carrying the ligand substance is superior in storage stability compared to the solid phase carrier carrying the receptor, and greatly contributes to the practical application of the test method.
- Fig. 4 (iii) it can also be detected by an enzymatic reaction.
- the enzyme for example, alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and the like can be used.
- the receptor that specifically binds to the second ligand is previously modified with an enzyme, and chemiluminescence generated by reacting the enzyme with a substrate is detected.
- a solid support on which the first ligand is previously supported may be used (FIG. 4 (iv)).
- FIG. 5 the detection process of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 (iii) will be described in more detail (FIG. 5).
- a receptor is supported on a solid phase carrier.
- a solid phase carrier on which a receptor is previously supported may be used.
- a detection target modified with a ligand is used.
- unbound free nucleic acid is removed by BF separation (FIG. 5 (i0).
- it is repaired with an enzyme).
- the decorated antibody is bound to the second ligand, unbound free labeled antibody is removed by BF separation ( Figure 5 (iii)), and finally chemiluminescence is generated by the enzyme-substrate reaction.
- Fig. 5 (iv) The nucleic acid detection method shown in Fig. 4 (0, (ii), and (iv) should be performed in the same detection process. Can do.
- nucleic acids modified with the first and second ligands were used for convenience of explanation.
- detect nucleic acids modified with first and third ligands, and nucleic acids modified with Z or second and third ligands are used for convenience of explanation.
- the mutant nucleic acid is modified with the first and third ligands
- the standard nucleic acid is modified with the second and third ligands.
- a solid phase carrier carrying a receptor that specifically binds to the first ligand and a solid phase carrier carrying a receptor that specifically binds to the second ligand are prepared. Therefore, variant nucleic acids and standard nucleic acids can be detected.
- the mutant nucleic acid and the standard nucleic acid can be simultaneously detected using a solid phase carrier carrying a receptor that specifically binds to the third ligand.
- Both the mutant-type nucleic acid and the standard-type nucleic acid can bind to the solid phase carrier carrying a receptor that specifically binds to the third ligand.
- the mutated nucleic acid has the first ligand unbound
- the standard nucleic acid has the second ligand unbound. Therefore, a receptor that specifically binds to the first ligand and a receptor that specifically binds to the second ligand are preliminarily modified with different labeling substances, and this labeling substance is used. Mutant nucleic acids and standard nucleic acids can be detected simultaneously.
- nucleic acid can be detected even in the absence of either the first or second ligand.
- the reaction system can be made simpler by reducing the number of ligands
- a receptor means a substance that specifically binds to a ligand substance.
- a ligand substance For example, when piotin is selected as the ligand, avidin is the receptor, and when hapten is selected as the ligand, the anti-hapten antibody is the receptor.
- the antibody purified by affinity purification is a monoclonal antibody because specificity is improved and detection accuracy is improved.
- the ligand and the receptor may be an antigen or an antibody, respectively, and the specific binding between the ligand and the receptor may be performed by an antigen-antibody reaction. By detecting a nucleic acid using an immune reaction, detection with high reactivity and high accuracy becomes possible.
- the solid phase carrier means any support capable of supporting the receptor.
- Support material There are no particular restrictions on the quality and shape. Examples of the material include glass, silicon, metal, metal oxide, resin, rubber, ceramics, and the like.
- the surface of the support has an active group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, or a thiol group.
- active group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, or a thiol group.
- it since it can be coordinated with a thiol group on the gold surface, it may be good even without an active group.
- the support may be liquid permeable or liquid impermeable! / ⁇ . Since the liquid-permeable support is often a porous body, there are advantages such as an increased amount of antibody immobilization with a large surface area and an increased degree of freedom in the direction of liquid movement, making it easier to automate the reaction. . However, there are disadvantages such as a narrower selection of materials and, in some cases, an improvement in the detection device, which makes it necessary to select according to circumstances.
- a low fluorescent silica glass is used as a support.
- the glass is thoroughly degreased with alcohol and then washed with pure water.
- the solution is adjusted to 3% by weight of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone) in ethanol.
- the glass is immersed in this solution at room temperature, reacted for 1 hour with stirring, washed in turn with ethanol and pure water, and then dried at 130 ° C for 20 minutes.
- EDC manufactured by PIERCE
- MES buffer so as to be 5% by weight
- the treated glass is immersed in this solution at room temperature and reacted for 1 hour with stirring.
- the anti-nopten antibody is a solution obtained by dissolving the anti-nopten a antibody and anti-nopten b antibody corresponding to hapten a and hapten b in Fig. 6 in a MES buffer at a concentration of 5 mg / ml. Prepared and spotted this solution at another location on the glass.
- the spotting method uses a stylus-type spotting device SPBIO (manufactured by Hitachi Software). After each solution was spotted on each of four locations on the glass, it was allowed to react for 1 hour at room temperature. Soak for hours. After soaking, PBS After washing sequentially with a knofer and 1/10 concentration of PBS buffer, it is dried by spin dry method.
- the support can be produced as described above.
- two types of anti-nopten antibodies can be immobilized, it is possible to further increase the types of nucleic acids to be detected.
- a particulate support can be used as a solid phase carrier, and the support can be supported on the support.
- the particulate support a product made from rosin is often used. Typical materials include natural rubber, styrene and styrene copolymers, polyurethane, and acrylic resin, but there is no particular limitation on the material for the particulate support used in the present invention.
- a magnetic substance can be mixed into the particulate support. By giving magnetism to the particulate support, the handling of the particulate support is facilitated.
- Methods for supporting the receptor on the particulate support include physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, either of which may be used. Since the process is simple, physical adsorption can be used a lot, but chemical adsorption is also good for maintaining the activity of the anti-hapten antibody and realizing a stable reaction. In chemisorption, the support and the antibody are often firmly bonded by a covalent bond via a chemical substance called a linker agent in many cases. The optimal type of linker can be selected according to the material and surface condition of the support and the type of antibody.
- a solid phase carrier carrying the receptor is prepared, and then bound to the solid phase carrier via at least one ligand of the nucleic acid modified with the ligand, whereby a nucleic acid solid phase carrier complex is obtained. Can be obtained.
- the nucleic acid detection process using the nucleic acid containing the single nucleotide polymorphism shown in FIG. 8 is described below.
- the The hapten, primer, and probe used are shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9, respectively, as in the PCR-SSP method and the ligation reaction described above.
- the nucleic acid modified with the hapten is dissolved in MES buffer, dropped onto a support, reacted at 37 ° C for 2 hours, and then washed with MES buffer. At this time, if a nucleic acid modified with hapten a is present in the solution dropped on the support, it binds to the corresponding anti-hapten a antibody, and similarly, if a nucleic acid modified with hapten b is present, Binds to the corresponding anti-noptene b antibody.
- the hapten c does not exist at the position on the support to which the anti-nopten a antibody corresponding to hapten a is immobilized. Further, when the SNP site of the nucleic acid to be detected is A / G, an unbound hapten is not attached to the position on the support on which the anti-nopten a antibody and anti-nopten b antibody corresponding to each of hapten a and hapten b are immobilized. C exists.
- a solution prepared by dissolving an antibody solution labeled with CY 5 as a fluorescent dye in the anti-no corresponding to hapten c and a fluorescent dye in the ptene c antibody at a concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml was added dropwise to the support. And react at 37 ° C for 2 hours. Then wash with MES buffer and 1/10 MES buffer in order, and dry by spin drying. Due to this reaction, CY5 is present only at the position on the support where the hapten c is present.
- the support is set with a GenePix4000B (manufactured by AXON Instruments) and scanned at an excitation wavelength of 635 nm and a detection wavelength range of 650 nm to 690 nm.
- an anti-nopten c antibody labeled with an enzyme such as alkaline phosphatase may be used instead of the anti-nopten c antibody labeled with CY5
- an anti-nopten c antibody labeled with an enzyme such as alkaline phosphatase may be used.
- the reaction between the hapten c on the support and the alkaline phosphatase-labeled anti-noptene c antibody is carried out by the same reaction as described above.
- a substrate for example, CDP-Star (Calbio.chem.)
- the fluorescence intensity is measured with Luminescencer (ATTO), and the position information on the support is measured. Together with this, it becomes possible to detect the SNP of the nucleic acid to be detected.
- hapten a and hapten b may be supported.
- the treatment conditions such as a linker agent may be exactly the same.
- the nopten immobilization support prepared in this way was prepared by dropping a mixed solution of anti-nopten a antibody and anti-hapten b antibody corresponding to the immobilized hapten a and hapten b at 37 ° C for 2 hours. React and wash in the same way.
- the anti-hapten a antibody and the anti-noptene b antibody are present on the support at the positions of immobilized nopten a and hapten b, respectively, and thereafter, detection is performed in the same manner as described above. Is possible.
- Antinomy and ptene c antibodies are supported on a magnetic particulate support, and nucleic acids are detected using this.
- the particulate support carrying the anti-noptene c antibody is dispersed in a phosphate buffer, mixed with a nucleic acid modified with a nopten corresponding to the SNP, and the nucleic acid is mixed with the particulate support. Bond to support. Since the particulate support is magnetic, the external force can be moved by increasing the magnetic force, and the particles can be collected in one place in the solution.
- the particulate support is fixed to the container wall surface by using a magnet. The solution is removed while the particulate support is fixed to the wall of the container, and a new phosphate buffer is added.
- a solution in which the particulate support is uniformly dispersed in the phosphate buffer is dispensed in two. The number to be dispensed depends on the number of nucleic acids to be measured and the number of haptens used.
- hapten a in the case of A / A
- hapten b in the case of G / G
- hapten b in the case of A / G
- Hapten a and nopten b are in an unbonded state. Therefore, labeled anti-noptene a antibody and By using the anti-noptene b antibody, the nucleic acid to be detected can be detected.
- the enzyme-labeled anti-hapten a antibody and the enzyme-labeled anti-hapten b antibody are separately added to each of the solutions containing the particulate support dispensed into the two, and reacted. After the reaction, the above BF separation step is repeated again to remove the unreacted enzyme-labeled anti-hapten antibody.
- alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and the like are preferably used as the enzyme, but are not limited thereto.
- the compound serving as the enzyme substrate is mixed in each container, and after reacting for a certain period of time, the luminescence intensity, change in absorbance, etc. are measured, thereby simultaneously detecting the SNP of the nucleic acid to be detected. It becomes possible.
- nucleic acid can be detected by using a support carrying an anti-no, ptene a antibody and a support carrying an anti-no, ptene b antibody.
- the antibodies immobilized on the magnetic particulate support are anti-noptene a antibody and anti-noptene b antibody, and a separate container containing the particulate support is prepared for each antibody.
- the SNP of the nucleic acid to be tested is dispensed into two corresponding hapten-modified nucleic acids and each is reacted in a separate container. After the BF separation, an enzyme-labeled anti-hapten c antibody is added and allowed to react.
- the above-described BF separation step is repeated again, and finally the compound that becomes the substrate of the enzyme is mixed in each container and reacted for a certain period of time, and then the emission intensity, change in absorbance, etc. are measured. It becomes possible to detect the SNP of the target nucleic acid.
- the antibody immobilization on the particulate support depends on the number of nucleic acids to be measured and the number of haptens used. Furthermore, the kind of enzyme and the modification to a fluorescent dye are applicable.
- the BF separation step can be performed using a magnetic support! /, Or a particulate support.
- the above-described embodiments all measure the SNP of nucleic acids.
- the present invention can be applied to nucleic acid mutations and expression levels. That is, the subsequent treatments may be exactly the same by setting the primers and probes to sequences that have detected mutations and expression levels, respectively.
- the nucleic acid containing the single nucleotide polymorphism shown in FIG. 8 was detected by the ligation reaction.
- the base sequences before and after the monobasic polymorphism were amplified by PCR in order to remove the pseudo-sequence and increase the detection sensitivity.
- Magnetic particles were used as the support, and nucleic acids were detected by enzyme substrate reaction.
- Sample a combination of human genomic DNA having the sequence shown in FIG.
- Combination i Combination of A aryl (base # in Figure 8 is A) and A aryl (A / A
- PCR primer PCR primer with the sequence shown in Figure 10
- PCR reagent “Accuprime Super Mix II” catalog No.12341-012 manufactured by Invitrogen
- Probe Assembling of the probe shown in Fig. 11.
- Combination I Among the probes having the sequence shown in FIG. 9, digoxigenin (Dig) is modified at the 5 ′ end of probe a, 5 ′ end of probe b is unmodified, and 3 ′ of probe c Probe with 5 'end carboxylation modified with piotin at the end
- Enzyme-labeled antibody DAKO “Anti-Digoxigenin (rabbit polyclonal antibody with A LP) Catalog No.D5105
- the PCR product amount was measured absorbance, diluted to 4 ⁇ ⁇ / / ⁇ 1.
- the following reactions are performed in an incubator.
- the BF separation reaction is performed 3 times each in a phosphate buffer.
- FIG. Figure 12 is a graph showing the average value of light emission for each sample and probe combination. It can be seen that the result corresponding to the SNP of the sample is obtained as the light emission!
- the combination of A / A, A / G, and G / G in the sample can be clearly distinguished, and the distinction between A / A and A / G and G / G and A / G, which was difficult with the conventional method, can be made. It is very useful in that it can be distinguished by a single reaction.
- a nucleic acid containing a single nucleotide polymorphism was detected by amplifying the nucleic acid by the Mediated Amplification method.
- the inner primer FA (G) and the inner primer RA (G) were primers for detecting the aryl G of the sample and labeled with biotin at the 5 ′ end of the primer.
- Inner bra Imama FA (A) and inner primer RA (A) were primers for detecting Aryl A, and labeled with digigigenin (Dig) at the 5 ′ end of primer.
- the preparation was carried out on ice so that the reaction did not proceed during the preparation of the reaction solution.
- the target polynucleotide (amplified nucleic acid) for amplification is a 1 X 172 base ⁇ DN that is not heat-denatured.
- the 92 th sequence of the nucleotide sequence is a single nucleotide polymorphism and is G or A.
- the target region, Flc, F2c, F3c, Rl, R2, and R3 are as follows. is there.
- Target region single nucleotide polymorphism region: only the 92nd G or A of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1
- F2c 25th to 50th (26 bp) of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1
- F3c 1st to 24th position (24bp) of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1
- R1 93rd to 115th positions (23 bp) of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1
- R2 129th to 152nd base sequence (24 bp) of SEQ ID NO: 1
- R3 153 to 172 of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 (20 bp)
- the sample is composed of 2 samples (sample numbers 1-2, aryl combination G / G) containing the G sequence at the 92nd position of the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the second base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Two samples containing the A sequence in the 92nd sample (Sample Nos. 3 to 4, allele combination A / A), and a sample containing the G and A sequences in the 92nd base sequence shown in the SEQ ID No. 1 were mixed.
- 2 samples (Sample Nos. 5-6, Aryl Combination A / G), a saddle-shaped insert as a negative control! /,
- And 2 samples (Sample Nos. 7-8) for a total of 8 samples Prepared.
- Alkaline phosphatase labeled anti-biotin antibody (“Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-Biotin D5107J” manufactured by DAKO) Alkaline phosphatase labeled anti-digoxigenin antibody (“Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-DIG / AP Rabbit F (ab ') Code No. D 5105" manufactured by DAKO)
- the amount of LAMP product was divided into two, and the following reaction was performed.
- Table 1 shows the amount of luminescence (unit: cps) for each sample and detection reagent combination
- FIG. 13 shows this in a graph. It can be seen that the result corresponding to the SNP of the sample is obtained as the amount of luminescence!
- a / A, A / G, and G / G combinations of samples can be clearly distinguished, and amplification methods other than the PCR method are difficult!
- a / G, G / G and A / G are very useful in that they can be distinguished by a single reaction.
- the ligand used is not limited, and may be changed as long as a receptor that specifically reacts can be prepared. Furthermore, detection is possible without attaching a ligand to both the inner primer FA (G) and the inner primer RA (G), and the inner primer FA (A) and the inner primer RA (A).
- G) Primer 5 'end may be labeled with biotin, and inner primer FA (A) only primer 5' end may be labeled with digigogigenin (Dig)!
- the present invention provides a nucleic acid detection method that is simpler, more accurate, and highly reproducible by utilizing the agglutination reaction of dispersible particles in the nucleic acid detection method as described above.
- the nucleic acid to be detected was captured on a fixed substrate, and the captured nucleic acid was detected by an enzyme substrate reaction or the like.
- nucleic acid can be detected reliably and rapidly by the physical phenomenon of agglomeration of dispersible particles without the need to previously modify the receptor with an enzyme or the need to add a substrate to the enzyme. The method will be described in detail below.
- the present invention is a method for detecting a target nucleic acid on the basis of aggregation caused by a cross-linking reaction between a target nucleic acid to be detected and dispersible microparticles, wherein different types of first and second ligands are used.
- a first microparticle in which a plurality of bound target nucleic acids, a receptor that specifically binds to the first ligand are bound, and a second microparticle in which a plurality of receptors that specifically bind to the second ligand are bound.
- a method for detecting a nucleic acid comprising a step of measuring, by spectrophotometry, agglomeration caused by a large number of microparticles linked together.
- the present invention provides a spectrophotometric method by reacting a target nucleic acid having a known concentration at which one or more different types of first and second ligands are bound to the first and second microparticles.
- the step of measuring by the method and the step are similarly performed for different concentrations of target nucleic acid, a calibration curve is created from the measurement results, and the target nucleic acid to be detected is converted into the first and second microparticles.
- a method capable of quantifying nucleic acid comprising: a step of measuring by spectrophotometry, and a step of determining the concentration of the target nucleic acid to be detected based on the calibration curve.
- nucleic acid based on the aggregation of the microparticles by binding a ligand to the nucleic acid, reacting with the dispersible microparticles bound to the receptor, and simple and accurate. Nucleic acid can be detected.
- the nucleic acid detection method of the present invention is a method for detecting nucleic acids by measuring the aggregation of fine particles using dispersible fine particles.
- the method of the present invention will be described in order.
- a ligand is bound to a target nucleic acid to be detected.
- the target nucleic acid may be a nucleic acid contained in a biological sample or a nucleic acid contained in any sample, but is not limited thereto.
- Nucleic acids are all nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogs including cDNA, genomic DNA, synthetic DNA, mRNA, total RNA, hnRNA, and synthetic RNA. It may be what was done.
- the ligand to be bound to the target nucleic acid is, for example, a hydrophilic organic compound, dioxygen, fluorescein, alexa, a polypeptide having 6 or more residues, a sugar chain having 2 or more sugars, piotin, protein,
- the ability to use polyhistidine, HA, GST, Flag (a peptide of DYKDDDDK), etc. is not limited to these.
- Piotin, dioxigen, fluorescein, alexa, etc. are characterized by their easy availability and low price.
- first and second ligands are bound to the target nucleic acid.
- the method for binding a ligand to a target nucleic acid is as follows: (i) a method in which light, platinum or a linker is used to covalently bind to the base of the nucleic acid inside and at the end (Fig. 14a), for example, an amino group at the 5 'end of a nucleic acid. And a method of covalently binding the carboxyl group of the ligand, (ii) a method of extending with a polymerase using a primer to which a ligand is bound during nucleic acid synthesis (FIG.
- a nucleotide having a ligand bound during nucleic acid synthesis Various methods such as the method of incorporating and extending (Fig. 14c), (iv) the method of tailing the nucleotide bound to the ligand to the 3 'end of the nucleic acid using terminal deoxydyl transferase (Fig. 14d), etc. Can be used.
- the method (ii) (iii) can be used.
- the target nucleic acid to be detected is present alone, any method may be used.
- a target nucleic acid contained in a biological sample or the like may be amplified by a PCR method to detect the force, but may be subjected to detection without being amplified.
- ligands are used as ligands bound to the target nucleic acid. Since the structure of the nucleic acid is flexible and, as described later, it is essential for the nucleic acid to link two fine particles, it is desirable to use two types of ligands.
- the two kinds of ligands to be bound to the target nucleic acid may be one each, or two or more may be bound. Since the volume ratio of “nucleic acid” to “particle” is extremely large, it is unlikely that three or more particles bind to one nucleic acid. Therefore, even if a plurality of ligands are bound to one nucleic acid, it is considered that the degree of aggregation of fine particles is not affected.
- the dispersible fine particles used in the present invention mean particles dispersed in a solution such as colloidal particles, and latex particles are preferably used, but are not limited thereto.
- fine particles having a particle size of about 80 to 300 nm are suitable for measuring the turbidity with an immunoturbidimetric apparatus.
- Latex particles are mainly made up of polystyrene, and are used to increase hydrophilicity and dispersibility. Luric acid is copolymerized. There are two types of latex particles: a plain type with no functional groups on the surface and a functional group type with functional groups. The charge on the plain-type surface has a negative charge due to the presence of methacrylic acid and can ionically bind to the positively charged region of the protein. It is also possible to form a hydrophobic bond. Plain type latex particles are admixed with protein just by mixing with protein, so protein immobilization is easy.
- Latex particles having a functional group are designed such that a carboxy group or an amino group is exposed on the surface, and various types of functional group type latex particles can be used.
- the method of binding the receptor to the latex particle is the EDAC method in which carboxylic acid and amino group are bonded with water-soluble carpositimide, the method in which EDC and NHS are mixed in advance to bond carboxylic acid and amino group, bipolar
- EDAC electrosprayse
- bipolar There are a method of cross-linking amino groups using a linker having an amino acid, a method of binding proteins with activated aldehyde groups and tosyl groups, and the like. Any existing method may be used in the present invention, but the EDAC method is particularly desirable. It should be noted that, even with fine particles other than latex particles, the receptor can be bound by a known method.
- a receptor that specifically binds to a ligand that is bound to the target nucleic acid to be detected is used as the receptor bound to the dispersible microparticles.
- a receptor for example, an antibody, a lectin, a streptavidin, a Ni or the like that can be used is not limited to these. Proteins, particularly antibodies, are preferably used.
- a known method suitable for the fine particles should be used! ,.
- a single type of receptor is bound to one dispersible fine particle.
- at least two types of ligands are bound to the target nucleic acid
- at least two types of dispersible fine particles are prepared for one type of target nucleic acid. That is, the first dispersive fine particles bound to the receptor corresponding to the first ligand (FIG. 15a) and the second dispersible fine particles bound to the receptor corresponding to the second ligand (FIG. 15b). And prepare.
- two or more types of receptors may be bound to one dispersible fine particle.
- one of the two ligands bound to one target nucleic acid is one
- the receptor corresponding to the ligand is bound to a receptor other than the receptor corresponding to the other ligand. That is, it is designed so that both of the two ligands of the target nucleic acid do not bind to the microparticles.
- the binding of the receptor to the dispersible fine particles in this step may be performed when detecting the nucleic acid, or the dispersible fine particles to which the receptor has been bound in advance may be used for detection. . In addition, this step may be performed before or after the step of preparing the target nucleic acid.
- the target nucleic acid to which the ligand as described above is bound and the first and second dispersible fine particles to which the receptor is bound are reacted and bound.
- This reaction may be carried out by simultaneously mixing a solution containing the target nucleic acid and two solutions containing the dispersible fine particles, or may be carried out sequentially by sequentially mixing the dispersible fine particles.
- FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram in which the target nucleic acid and the fine particles are bound.
- the first ligand 31 bound to the target nucleic acid 30 binds to the first microparticle 33.
- the second ligand 32 bound to the target nucleic acid 30 binds to the second microparticle 34.
- one target nucleic acid binds to the first fine particle and the second fine particle, thereby connecting the first and second fine particles.
- a plurality of target nucleic acids bind to one microparticle, and each of the target nucleic acids binds to another microparticle, and as a result, a large number of microparticles are linked together, resulting in aggregation of the microparticles.
- the dotted line where the receptor strength is also extended is a simplified representation of the nucleic acid.
- the target nucleic acid when the target nucleic acid is present in the sample, aggregation of fine particles occurs, whereby the target nucleic acid can be detected.
- the presence or absence of aggregation of fine particles may be detected by labeling with the above-described optical marker, and the dispersion state of the optical signal may be detected.
- the absorbance is measured by spectrophotometry without using the optical marker.
- a single fine particle hardly scatters near-infrared light (Fig. 17a).
- the agglomerated fine particles can cause near-infrared light scattering with an apparent diameter larger than that of individual fine particles (FIG. 17b). Therefore, by measuring the luminous intensity of the transmitted light with respect to incident light in the near-infrared region, the degree of aggregation of the fine particles can be measured. The At this time, since the fine particles having a particle size of 300 nm or less scatter near infrared light when aggregated, it is preferable to use fine particles having a particle size of 300 nm or less.
- the solution containing fine particles may be prepared such that the final concentration after mixing (before aggregation) is in the range of 0.01 to 1 in terms of OD value, and further, the OD value after aggregation is 3 or less. preferable.
- the mixed latex mixer is rapidly stirred by pipetting.
- the buffer used in the reaction system is preferably a solution that promotes aggregation. When using a different buffer, it is recommended to wash the microparticles 2 to 3 times with the different buffer! /.
- the reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0 ° C or higher and 37 ° C or lower for 5 to 30 minutes.
- Other ligand-receptors can be appropriately selected by using a temperature, time, and buffer suitable for the reaction.
- the reaction solution after mixing is subjected to spectrophotometric measurement, the aggregated! / Small soot particles do not scatter near-infrared light, so the reaction system that does not require BZF separation is directly used for measurement. be able to.
- the target nucleic acid is prepared by PCR, if there is a possibility that a measurement error may occur due to an unreacted primer to which a ligand is bound, an unreacted nucleotide, or the like, these may be separated.
- BZF separation is performed using magnetic particles in which piotin is bound to one ligand and avidin or streptavidin is bound. At this time, the magnetic particles may be used as dispersible fine particles.
- a method for quantifying nucleic acids using the method of the present invention will be described.
- a target nucleic acid bound with a ligand as described above is used, and a solution containing the target nucleic acid at various concentrations is prepared.
- the nucleic acid solution of each concentration is reacted with the microparticles according to the method described above, and the absorbance is measured by spectrophotometry.
- a calibration curve based on the nucleic acid concentration and absorbance is prepared. Based on this calibration curve, the result of measuring the absorbance of the target nucleic acid to be detected determines the nucleic acid concentration. Thereby, the target nucleic acid can be quantified.
- a receptor that specifically binds to the ligand bound to the target nucleic acid to be detected by binding two different types of ligand for each type of target nucleic acid
- a desired target nucleic acid can be simultaneously detected from a sample containing a plurality of types of target nucleic acids.
- ligands that bind to nucleic acids may all be different ligands.
- one of the two types of ligands may be the same as the other nucleic acid.
- Nucleic acid mutations include single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), deletion, insertion, and the like.
- Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms refers to the diversity of single nucleotides found on genomic DNA and differing from individual to individual.
- nucleic acid mutation detection method using the PCR-SSP method there is provided a nucleic acid mutation detection method using the PCR-SSP method.
- the PCR-SSP method is a method of performing PCR using DNA polymerase. This DNA polymerase has almost no effect unless the 3rd and 3rd ends of the primer are completely hybridized with the vertical DNA.
- One primer used in this method has a sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence, and its 3 'end corresponds to a mutation site in the target nucleic acid sequence to which a first ligand is bound. It is a primer for detection.
- the other primer is a common primer having a sequence complementary to the sequence at the 5 ′ end side of the target nucleic acid and a second ligand different from the first ligand.
- FIG. 18 shows a conceptual diagram of this embodiment.
- FIG. 18 (a) shows a target nucleic acid 50 without mutation, that is, a standard target nucleic acid 50, and a site where a mutation can exist is represented by a black circle 52.
- FIG. Fig. 18 (a) Then, the detection primer 54 is completely hybridized, and an amplified product by PCR can be obtained with the common primer 56.
- FIG. 18 (b) shows a mutant target nucleic acid 50. In this case, the detection primer 54 does not hybridize at the 3 ′ end, and PCR amplification does not occur.
- PCR is performed using the target nucleic acid and the two kinds of primers 54 and 56.
- an amplification product can be obtained only when the detection primer 54 is completely hybridized with the target nucleic acid.
- the common primer 56 hybridizes regardless of the presence or absence of the target nucleic acid mutation.
- one PCR product binds to the first dispersible fine particles and the second dispersible fine particles, whereby the first and second dispersible fine particles are linked, and Multiple PCR products bind to one dispersive microparticle, and each of the PCR products binds to other dispersible microparticles, thereby aggregating a large number of dispersive microparticles connected together. Measure by.
- mutations such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), deletion, or insertion in a nucleic acid sequence can be detected simply and rapidly.
- SNP single nucleotide polymorphism
- detection primers for both standard and mutant target nucleic acids may be used. That is, as a detection primer, a standard type ligand is bound, a first primer having a sequence complementary to the standard type target nucleic acid, and a mutant type ligand are bound. And a second primer having a sequence complementary to the mutant target nucleic acid is used. These two kinds of detection primers may be subjected to PCR separately, or may be performed simultaneously in the same reaction system.
- fine particles corresponding to the ligands bound to the respective primers are used as the first dispersible fine particles. That is, dispersive particles for standard type in which a plurality of receptors specifically binding to the ligand for standard type are bound, and dispersibility for mutant type in which a plurality of receptors specifically binding to the ligand for mutant type are bound. Use fine particles.
- the aggregation reaction in the step (iii) of the first aspect is separately performed for each of the standard-type fine particles and the mutant-type fine particles.
- the reaction liquid is mixed with a combination of the standard fine particles and the second dispersible fine particles, and the aggregation reaction is performed. If aggregation occurs in this reaction, it can be seen that the target nucleic acid is a standard type.
- the agglutination reaction is performed using a combination of the fine particles for mutation and the second dispersible fine particles.
- the target nucleic acid is found to be mutated. Furthermore, when aggregation occurs in any of the aggregation reactions, it can be concluded that the target nucleic acid exists in both a standard type and a mutant type. This can also occur, for example, when a person's genomic DNA is a specimen and the genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism is heterogeneous.
- the base type in a single nucleotide polymorphism can be determined by a single PCR reaction, and further, the BZF separation operation is not required, so that the base type can be determined extremely simply and accurately. Can do.
- the ligand is not limited to the force bound to the primer, but may be bound to the nucleotide.
- the ligand can also be bound to the amplification product by PCR using nucleotides to which the ligand is bound.
- the method of this embodiment can also be used when, for example, genomic DNA or the like is used as a sample and a large number of mutation sites are detected simultaneously.
- the Tag sequence is an artificially designed base sequence.
- they are sequences that are not present in a biological sample such as a chromosome and are designed to have the same dissociation temperature without mishypli. This Tag sequence is designed and prepared for each mutation site to be detected.
- a tag sequence is bound to the detection primer in the first embodiment instead of the ligand.
- This Tag sequence is preferably bound to the 5 'end of the detection primer.
- piotin is bound to the common primer in the first embodiment.
- step of this embodiment first, (i) PCR is performed using the target nucleic acid and the two kinds of primers.
- this PCR as described in the first embodiment, an amplification product is generated only when the detection primer is completely hybridized with the target nucleic acid, that is, when there is no mutation in the target nucleic acid.
- the PCR product bound to piotin is separated from the PCR reaction solution obtained in (i) above using magnetic particles bound to avidin or streptavidin. Since piotin binds to avidin or streptavidin, it is possible to bind the amplification product to the magnetic particles through this binding, and to separate the magnetic particles from the PCR reaction solution using magnetic force.
- the PCR product thus separated was combined with (iii) a first primer having a sequence complementary to the Tag sequence and bound with the first ligand, and the second ligand. Use it for PCR with the second primer.
- an amplification product of the Tag sequence is obtained. That is, when there is no mutation in the target nucleic acid, a primer amplification product is generated, and a tag sequence amplification product is generated therefrom. Therefore, it can be said that the sequence of the mutation site is converted to a Tag sequence.
- the Tag sequence is designed so that it can be easily amplified by PCR without error, this conversion can be performed smoothly.
- the amplification product of this Tag sequence is one in which the first and second ligands are bound. Therefore, (iv) the first dispersive particles in which a plurality of receptors that specifically bind to the first ligand are bound, and the second dispersion in which a plurality of receptors that specifically bind to the second ligand are bound. Aggregation may occur as described above by reacting the fine particles, and (V) this aggregation may be measured by spectrophotometry. Finally, (vi) From the measurement results, PCR tag sequence Determine the amplification. That is, if amplification of the Tag sequence is confirmed, it will be found that there is no mutation in the target nucleic acid.
- the method according to this embodiment described above can also be used when, for example, genomic DNA or the like is used as a sample and a large number of mutation sites are detected simultaneously. Furthermore, by using such a Tag sequence, it is possible to simultaneously detect a large number of mutation sites without being restricted by the type of ligand.
- the nucleic acid mutation detected in this embodiment is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).
- the detection primer having a sequence complementary to the target nucleic acid sequence, the 3 ′ end of which corresponds to the single nucleotide polymorphism site and bound with the first ligand, and the target A common sequence with a second ligand bound, which has a sequence complementary to the sequence 5 'to the polymorphic site of the nucleic acid, and whose 5' end corresponds to the base adjacent to the polymorphic site.
- FIG. 19 shows a conceptual diagram of this embodiment.
- FIG. 19 (a) shows a target nucleic acid 60 having no mutation, that is, a standard target nucleic acid, and a black circle 62 indicates a site where the mutation can exist.
- the detection primer 64 is completely hybridized and its 3 ′ end is adjacent to the 5 ′ end of the common primer 66. Therefore, the two primers are linked by subjecting them to a ligation reaction.
- FIG. 19 (b) shows a mutant target nucleic acid. In this case, since the detection primer 64 does not hybridize at its 3 ′ end, ligation reaction does not occur.
- the common primer 66 hybridizes regardless of the presence or absence of the target nucleic acid mutation.
- the steps in this embodiment will be described in order.
- the two kinds of primers 64 and 66 are hybridized to the target nucleic acid 60.
- ligation is performed to link the two kinds of primers.
- the ligated primer obtained here is (iii) A first dispersible fine particle having a plurality of receptors specifically bound to the first ligand, and a second dispersible fine particle having a plurality of receptors specifically bound to the second ligand. React.
- the presence or absence of a mutation can be detected by a ligation reaction, and it is not necessary to perform PCR. Therefore, the reaction process can be simplified, and cost and time can be reduced. However, this is limited because the probe sequence can only be used before and after the mutation site. Therefore, for example, when a DNA genome sequence or the like is used as a sample, a region containing a mutation site to be detected may be amplified by PCR and cut out. As a result, the effect of improving the detection sensitivity and accuracy of this aspect can also be obtained.
- the location and number of ligands to be bound to the primer are not limited, but do not inhibit the ligase reaction, such as at positions other than the vicinity of the mutation site, for example, at the end opposite to the mutation site. Preferred to join ,.
- detection primers for both standard and mutant target nucleic acids may be used. That is, as a detection primer, a standard ligand is bound and the first primer having a sequence complementary to the standard target nucleic acid, and a mutant ligand is bound and complementary to the mutant target nucleic acid. Use a second primer with the correct sequence. These two kinds of detection primers may be separately subjected to a ligation reaction, but may be simultaneously reacted in the same reaction system.
- fine particles corresponding to the ligand bound to each primer are used as the first dispersible fine particles.
- dispersion particles for standard type in which a plurality of receptors specifically binding to the ligand for standard type are bonded
- dispersion for mutant type in which a plurality of receptors specifically binding to the ligand for mutation type are bonded.
- the aggregation reaction in the step (iii) is performed separately for each of the standard type fine particles and the mutant fine particles.
- the reaction solution after ligation There are either one or both of the product of the standard primer and the product of the mutant primer.
- this reaction liquid a combination of the standard type fine particles and the second dispersible fine particles is mixed to perform an agglomeration reaction. If aggregation occurs in this reaction, it can be seen that the target nucleic acid is a standard type.
- the agglutination reaction is performed using a combination of the fine particles for mutation and the second dispersible fine particles. If aggregation occurs in this reaction, the target nucleic acid is found to be mutated.
- both the standard type and the mutant type exist for the target nucleic acid. This can also occur, for example, when a person's genomic DNA is a specimen and the genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism is heterogeneous.
- the base type in the single nucleotide polymorphism is revealed by a single ligation reaction, and further, since the BZF separation operation is not required, the base type is determined extremely simply and accurately. be able to.
- nucleic acid variation detection method using a ligation and further using a Tag sequence.
- the nucleic acid mutation detected in this embodiment is a single nucleotide polymorphism.
- a Tag sequence is used as in the second embodiment. Further, the mutation is detected using the ligation reaction as in the third embodiment.
- a detection primer having a sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence, the 3 'end corresponding to a mutation site in the target nucleic acid sequence, and the Tag sequence bound to the 5' end, and Using a common primer having a sequence complementary to the sequence 5 ′ end from the mutation site of the target nucleic acid and bound with biotin,
- the first and second dispersible fine particles are linked by combining the two PCR products with the first dispersible fine particles and the second dispersible fine particles, and one dispersible fine particle
- a plurality of PCR products are bound to each other, and each of the PCR products binds to other dispersible microparticles, whereby agglomeration resulting from the coupling of a large number of dispersible microparticles to each other is measured by spectrophotometry
- the method in this embodiment can be used when, for example, genomic DNA or the like is used as a sample and a large number of mutation sites are detected simultaneously. Furthermore, by using such a Tag sequence, it is possible to detect a large number of mutation sites simultaneously without being restricted by the type of ligand. In addition, the presence or absence of mutation can be detected by ligation reaction, and it is not necessary to perform PCR. Therefore, the reaction process can be simplified, and cost and time can be reduced.
- a solution containing a target nucleic acid to be detected at a known concentration is prepared and measured in the same manner as described above. This is performed with each concentration of nucleic acid solution, and a calibration curve based on the nucleic acid concentration and absorbance is prepared based on the measurement results. Based on the calibration curve, the nucleic acid concentration is determined from the result of measuring the absorbance of the target nucleic acid to be detected. Thereby, the target nucleic acid can be quantified.
- the various aspects of the present invention described above can simultaneously detect mutations in a desired target nucleic acid in a sample containing a plurality of types of target nucleic acids and in nucleic acids having a large number of mutation sites. This is because the PCR and ligation reactions are performed simultaneously for multiple mutations, and the reaction solution is dispensed to detect each mutation. By carrying out the agglutination reaction using the conductive fine particles, it is possible to detect changes at a plurality of locations in a simple and simultaneous manner.
- a desired nucleic acid can be detected simply, rapidly, and with high accuracy.
- it is useful for simplifying and speeding up clinical examinations, and the simple examination ability can be widely applied to full automatic analysis.
- Materials used in carrying out the method of the present invention include, for example, 300 nm carboxy-type latex particles (CMP) G0201 (0.104 meq COO / g) (JSR), EDAC (Sigma), Usagi anti-biotin. Antibody (BETHYL laboratory inc.), Usagi anti-digigosinin (Dig.) Antibody (Roche diag nostic corp.), Vertical DNA, 5, biotinylated SD primer, 3, Diog. ED primer, Titanium Taq DNA polymerase (BD And MES (WAKO) can be used.
- a rotator As a device to be used, a rotator, a vortex mixer, a tangential flow system, a dialysis membrane, a magnetic stirrer, a spectrophotometer, a cell, or the like may be used.
- the nucleic acid detection method of the present invention is used when testing nucleic acid polymorphisms, mutations, and expression levels.
- the nucleic acid detection method of the present invention is used when SNP is detected.
- the nucleic acid detection method of the present invention reveals an individual's SNP and reveals the pathological genetic background of the individual. This makes it possible to develop medicines that are optimal for each individual.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP06756902A EP1890146A4 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2006-06-01 | METHOD FOR DETECTING NUCLEIC ACID |
JP2007519073A JPWO2006129770A1 (ja) | 2005-06-01 | 2006-06-01 | 核酸の検出方法 |
US11/948,230 US20080299558A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2007-11-30 | Method for detecting nucleic acid |
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JP2005-161560 | 2005-06-01 | ||
JP2005161560 | 2005-06-01 | ||
JP2005-175208 | 2005-06-15 | ||
JP2005175208 | 2005-06-15 |
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US11/948,230 Continuation US20080299558A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2007-11-30 | Method for detecting nucleic acid |
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WO2006129770A1 true WO2006129770A1 (ja) | 2006-12-07 |
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PCT/JP2006/311025 WO2006129770A1 (ja) | 2005-06-01 | 2006-06-01 | 核酸の検出方法 |
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US (1) | US20080299558A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1890146A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006129770A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20080011308A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006129770A1 (ja) |
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JPWO2007063807A1 (ja) * | 2005-11-29 | 2009-05-07 | オリンパス株式会社 | 核酸の一次構造変化の解析方法 |
JP2008002948A (ja) * | 2006-06-22 | 2008-01-10 | Olympus Corp | 標的核酸の検出方法及び該検出方法に用いる容器 |
WO2012009464A2 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd | Detection of nucleic acids by agglutination |
US9662649B2 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2017-05-30 | Hitachi Chemical Company America, Ltd. | Devices and methods for capturing target molecules |
US10266895B2 (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2019-04-23 | Hitachi Chemical Company Ltd. | Exosomes and microvesicles in intestinal luminal fluids and stool and use of same for the assessment of inflammatory bowel disease |
US11028443B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2021-06-08 | Showa Denko Materials Co., Ltd. | Molecular methods for assessing urothelial disease |
CN111094978B (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2024-05-28 | 免疫诊断股份公司 | 免疫比浊法测定钙结合蛋白s100家族成员的方法 |
JP7241619B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-19 | 2023-03-17 | アークレイ株式会社 | 標的物質検出方法、標的物質検出キット、標的物質検出システム |
WO2021225423A1 (ko) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | 인터올리고 주식회사 | 신규 핵산 리간드 및 그의 식별방법 |
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JPH09304383A (ja) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-11-28 | Toa Medical Electronics Co Ltd | 遺伝子検出法 |
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CA1272443A (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1990-08-07 | Nanibhushan Dattagupta | Solution-phase dual hybridization assay for detecting polynucleotide sequences |
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JP2651766B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-30 | 1997-09-10 | 株式会社バイオセンサー研究所 | 成人t細胞白血病ウィルス遺伝子の検出方法 |
WO1994003635A1 (en) * | 1992-08-04 | 1994-02-17 | Institute Of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology | Rapid amplification and detection of nucleic acids |
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EP1725587A2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2006-11-29 | U.S. Genomics, Inc. | Compositions and methods for detection of single molecules |
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2006
- 2006-06-01 EP EP06756902A patent/EP1890146A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-06-01 WO PCT/JP2006/311025 patent/WO2006129770A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-06-01 KR KR1020077027935A patent/KR20080011308A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-06-01 JP JP2007519073A patent/JPWO2006129770A1/ja active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-11-30 US US11/948,230 patent/US20080299558A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPH09304383A (ja) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-11-28 | Toa Medical Electronics Co Ltd | 遺伝子検出法 |
WO2003045310A2 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-06-05 | Applera Corporation | Digital assay |
JP2003194817A (ja) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-07-09 | Techno Network Shikoku Co Ltd | イムノクロマトグラフ分析の測定方法 |
JP2004045395A (ja) * | 2002-05-22 | 2004-02-12 | Sysmex Corp | 免疫測定方法、免疫測定装置、及び免疫測定用試薬 |
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Also Published As
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EP1890146A1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
US20080299558A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
JPWO2006129770A1 (ja) | 2009-01-08 |
KR20080011308A (ko) | 2008-02-01 |
EP1890146A4 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
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