WO2006109019A1 - Parapet multi-rails - Google Patents

Parapet multi-rails Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006109019A1
WO2006109019A1 PCT/GB2006/001245 GB2006001245W WO2006109019A1 WO 2006109019 A1 WO2006109019 A1 WO 2006109019A1 GB 2006001245 W GB2006001245 W GB 2006001245W WO 2006109019 A1 WO2006109019 A1 WO 2006109019A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rail
vehicle safety
parapet
upright
safety parapet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2006/001245
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony James Everitt
Darren Victor Copeland
Original Assignee
Varley And Gulliver Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0507358.0A external-priority patent/GB0507358D0/en
Application filed by Varley And Gulliver Limited filed Critical Varley And Gulliver Limited
Priority to CA002604469A priority Critical patent/CA2604469A1/fr
Priority to US11/911,497 priority patent/US20080283806A1/en
Priority to EP06726649.4A priority patent/EP1869256B1/fr
Priority to DK06726649.4T priority patent/DK1869256T3/en
Priority to AU2006235669A priority patent/AU2006235669A1/en
Publication of WO2006109019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006109019A1/fr
Priority to IL186517A priority patent/IL186517A/en
Priority to NO20075807A priority patent/NO20075807L/no

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0407—Metal rails
    • E01F15/0438—Spacers between rails and posts, e.g. energy-absorbing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/10—Railings; Protectors against smoke or gases, e.g. of locomotives; Maintenance travellers; Fastening of pipes or cables to bridges
    • E01D19/103—Parapets, railings ; Guard barriers or road-bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0407—Metal rails
    • E01F15/0423—Details of rails
    • E01F15/043—Details of rails with multiple superimposed members; Rails provided with skirts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-rail parapet of the type used to prevent a wayward vehicje falling over an edge such as a precipice or the edge of a bridge and to reduce the level of impact severity.
  • Known parapet designs consist of a series of uprights that support horizontal rails that extend along the roadway side of the uprights. In order to provide protection for different sizes of vehicles, two, three or sometimes more rails are provided at different respective heights above the road level.
  • Parapets are required to meet certain standards set by authorities. In the European Union, the standards, such as ENl 317, require crash testing of the parapet. A test vehicle is propelled into a section of the parapet and the effects of the impact are recorded on video and data collection devices. Certain parameters are specified in the standard, which are measured, for example by inspection of the video and test data, to determine whether or not the parapet meets the standard, and to define the parapet designation.
  • the standards require that the penetration of the vehicle beyond the original parapet line is limited to a certain distance, but at the same time a certain level of safety is provided to the vehicle occupants, which requires that the impact should not cause the parapet, or parts of the vehicle chassis to penetrate the passenger compartment.
  • a certain level of safety is provided to the vehicle occupants, which requires that the impact should not cause the parapet, or parts of the vehicle chassis to penetrate the passenger compartment.
  • the furthest lateral displacement of the parapet or test vehicle is used to classify the parapet design. For example, a W3 classification is given to a parapet that has a lateral displacement of no more than Im.
  • a parapet it is common for a parapet to be mounted on a relatively narrow plinth, for example many bridge parapet plinths are 450mm wide. This means that an impacting vehicle will penetrate through a W3 parapet such that the wheels on the impacting side of the vehicle could pass beyond the plinth. When this occurs, the vehicle will start to roll, which in turn causes much greater damage to both the vehicle and the parapet structure.
  • the tests are used to provide occupant safety ratings A and B. Limiting the penetration of the vehicle, such that the wheels remain on the plinth would, in general, require stiffening the bottom rail such that a previously acceptable, B-rated parapet could increase to an unacceptable level for many parapet installations.
  • a vehicle safety parapet comprising a plurality of rails supported at varying heights on uprights, wherein a first of said rails comprises a steel box-section supported at each upright by bracketing means configured to collapse when a horizontal impact load is applied to the rail such that the first rail is displaced towards the upright, and wherein at least one other rail extends from the uprights by a greater distance than the first rail when the bracketing means has collapsed.
  • the first rail When a vehicle strikes the parapet the impact taken by the first rail will initially cause the bracket to collapse towards the upright.
  • the first rail is a steel box-section, which has a high inherent stiffness, it behaves like a less stiff rail because of the collapsing bracket. In other words the collapsing bracket acts to cushion the impact. This means that the initial impact is not sufficient for the first rail to cause significant damage to the vehicle at a risk to occupant safety.
  • the stiffness of the parapet structure is insufficient for the vehicle to penetrate far through the parapet.
  • the first rail and collapsing bracket have already reduced the initial impact and momentum of the vehicle without significant damage to the vehicle.
  • the stiff first rail limits further movement through the parapet reducing the likelihood of the vehicle's wheels passing beyond the edge.
  • a further advantage arises because the other rail(s) extend further from the upright when the bracketing supporting the first rail has collapsed under the impact of a vehicle. These other rails will act to restrain any tendency for the vehicle to roll when it impacts the first rail This also means that when a larger vehicle impacts the parapet another, stiffer rail will absorb more of the impact, placing less reliance on the first rail with its collapsible bracket mounting.
  • the first rail is a lower rail, the at least one other rail being mounted above the first rail.
  • the bracket means comprises at least one sheet metal cleat member having a vertical portion for securing to the upright, a horizontal portion for securing to the first rail, whereby the cleat is operable to collapse by plastic deformation.
  • the cleat may further comprise an inter-connecting portion adjoining the horizontal and vertical portions at bends such that the plastic deformation occurs at one or more of the bends.
  • the inter-connecting portion when mounted to the upright, is set at an angle to both the upright and the rail. The length and angle of the interconnecting portion determines the spacing of the rail from the upright.
  • the bracket means comprises a pair of cleats mounted to the upright one above the other, a lower cleat supporting the first rail from below, and an upper cleat supporting the first rail from above. More preferably, both cleats have the same dimensions and are mounted in the same orientation. This arrangement provides the advantage that both cleats will deform in the same manner under the impact load resulting in a predictable mode of collapse of the bracketing means.
  • the parapet includes a second rail having a trapezoidal section with the shorter parallel side facing the roadway. At least part of the longer parallel side of the second rail, facing away from the roadway, way may be open.
  • the trapezoidal cross-section provides a particularly strong and stiff rail section for resisting an impact from a vehicle striking the shorter parallel side.
  • Such a section can be manufactured by folding the section from a sheet of steel in a cold rolling operation. This is significantly less expensive than a steel box section, which is formed by hot-rolling.
  • the open-back section means that it is not necessary to form an enclosed section, as with a box-section rail.
  • the open-back section also allows the rail to be mounted to an upright by means of a simple clamping plate arrangement.
  • the second rail is mounted above the first rail and provides a second barrier. It is an advantage that, with a light vehicle, such as a small or medium sized car, the second rail will be impacted by an upper surface of the vehicle. The second rail helps to absorb more of the impact and further limit the penetration of the vehicle. For larger vehicles, the second rail will be impacted before the first rail and will serve to absorb a high proportion of the impact.
  • the second rail is another rail having the same, or similar construction and collapsible support bracketing as the first rail. It is an advantage that by providing two rails mounted one above the other on collapsible brackets, the cushioning effect of an impact will occur for both small and medium sized vehicles.
  • the steel box-section of the first and/or the second rail may be a square section.
  • the steel box section may be rectangular.
  • the rectangular box section is orientated with the longer side of the rectangle horizontal.
  • a third rail is provided mounted above the first and second rails. It is an advantage that the third rail restrains rolling of small and medium sized vehicles impacting the parapet, and also provides a barrier for larger vehicles.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-section through a 3-rail parapet and an upright.
  • Figure 2 is a detailed cross-section through a first rail of the parapet of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a detailed cross-section through a second rail of the parapet of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-section through another 3-rail parapet and an upright.
  • a parapet 10 consists of a series of uprights 12, one of which is shown.
  • the uprights 12 are mounted to a plinth 14 that defines an edge of a roadway next to a drop.
  • the edge may be an edge of a bridge or a precipice.
  • the plinth 14 is constructed of concrete with a width of 450mm, as commonly used on bridges.
  • An anchoring arrangement 16 is used to secure each upright 12 through a baseplate 15 to the plinth 14.
  • the uprights 12 support three rails 18, 24, 28, which run past the uprights on the roadway side.
  • a first rail 18 has a square steel box section supported from each upright 12 by a bracket arrangement having a lower cleat 20 and an upper cleat 22. This will be described in more detail below with reference to Figure 2.
  • a second rail 24 has a trapezoidal cross-section and is mounted to each upright by means of a clamping plate 26. This will be described in more detail below with reference to Figure 3.
  • a third rail 28 has a square steel box section supported from each upright 12 by another bracket arrangement having a lower cleat 30 and an upper cleat 32.
  • the first rail 18, which forms the lowest of the three rails, is supported from below by the lower cleat 20, and from above by the upper cleat 22.
  • the upper cleat 22 has the same shape and dimensions as the lower cleat 20, and is mounted to the upright 12 in the same orientation as the lower cleat 20.
  • the lower cleat 20 is formed of a length of steel strip having two bends 21a, 21b, which define a vertical portion 20a, a horizontal portion 20b and an inter-connecting portion 20c.
  • the vertical portion is secured to the upright 12 by means of a lower screw fixing 34.
  • the vertical portion of the upper cleat 22 is secured to the upright 12 by means of an upper screw fixing 36.
  • the first rail 18 is sandwiched between the horizontal portion 20b of the lower cleat 20 and the equivalent horizontal portion of the upper cleat 22.
  • a vertical bolt 38 passes through the first rail 18 and both cleats and is secured by a nut 40.
  • the lower cleat 20 and the upper cleat 22 are fabricated from steel strip having a thickness selected such that when a vehicle strikes the first rail 18 and applies a certain minimum horizontal impact load, both cleats will collapse due to plastic deformation at the bends 21a, 21b.
  • the impact load at which the cleats collapse is determined by design of the cleats.
  • the first rail is a steel box-section, which has a high stiffness, it behaves like a less stiff rail because of the collapsing bracket. This means that the initial impact is not sufficient for the first rail to cause significant damage to the vehicle at a risk to occupant safety.
  • the collapsible bracket arrangement of the lower cleat 20 and the upper cleat 22 are provided on the first rail 18 because it is this rail, which will be struck by the wheels or lower parts of a smaller vehicle. It is on smaller vehicles where the occupants are seated closer to the vehicle chassis, where there is a greater risk of injury to an occupant when the vehicle strikes a low parapet rail. This is because the impact of the rail is transmitted directly into the chassis, which may buckle or break such that part of the chassis may penetrate into the occupant's compartment.
  • the second rail 24 has a trapezoidal cross-section with a shorter parallel side 24a facing the roadway and secured to the uprights at positions on the opposite, longer parallel side.
  • the trapezoidal section of the second rail 24 is not a closed section, but has an open back between short flange portions 24b, 24c.
  • the clamping plate 26 overlaps the flange potions 24b, 24c so as to trap them between the clamping plate 26 and the upright 12.
  • the clamping plate is secured to the upright by means of screw fasteners 42.
  • the trapezoidal cross-section of the second rail 24 is somewhat larger than the cross section of the square box-section of the first rail 18. It has been found that this cross-section provides a strength and stiffness of rail that is comparable to that of a square box-section, but can be fabricated from sheet steel using a cold-rolling process, making a much less expensive, but equally effective rail. However, unlike the hot- rolled square section rails (such as the first rail 24 and the third rail 28), the trapezoidal second rail will absorb more of the impact of a vehicle by deformation of the rail cross-section. A vehicle impacting on the parapet 10 of Figure 1 will, in general, strike the second rail 24 first, and this rail will start to collapse, absorbing some of the impact load and "softening" the impact. The trapezoidal shape of the cross-section ensures that the cross-section does not collapse completely under the impact, a greater portion of the impacting load being transmitted to the upright 12 than would be the case if, for example, and equivalent size of square or rectangular section was used.
  • the third rail 28 is mounted to the upright 12 by means of a lower cleat 30, of the same type as used on the first rail 18, and a top cleat 32.
  • the top cleat 32 has a single right-angle bend. This cleat is stronger than the lower cleat 30 and will not collapse in the same way.
  • the third rail 28 is much higher above the roadway than the first and second rails, and its main function is to act as a barrier for larger vehicles. In this case it is appropriate to use a stiffer rail construction than for the first and second rails, the principal objective being to limit the penetration of the vehicle past the original line of the parapet. However, it is convenient to use the same cleats wherever possible, which is why the lower cleat 30 is of the same type as used for mounting the first rail 18.
  • a parapet 100 consists of uprights 112 mounted through a baseplate 115 to a plinth 114 by anchoring means 116, in the same manner as described above for the parapet 10 of Figure 1.
  • the uprights 112 support three rails 1 18, 124, 128 on the roadway side.
  • First and second rails 118, 124 are of substantially the same rectangular steel box section supported from each upright 112 by collapsible bracket arrangements having, respectively, a lower cleat 120, 125 and an upper cleat 122, 126.
  • the third rail 128 has a square steel box section.
  • the parapet 100 is designed to provide a cushioned impact to both small and medium sized vehicles by way of the first and second rails 118, 124. It has been found that, by providing two lower rails supported by collapsible brackets, the parapet can more effectively withstand the impacts of a wider range of vehicle sizes. Thus most of the impact of a small vehicle will be imparted through the first, lower rail 118, in the same manner as described above for the parapet 10 of figure 1. However, for a medium sized vehicle the second rail 124 will absorb more of the impact.
  • the third rail 128 helps to restrain rolling of impacting vehicles and acts as a barrier to absorb an impact from a larger vehicle.
  • the first and second rails 118, 124 are of rectangular cross-section, mounted with the longer side of the rectangle horizontal. This provides a stiffer rail than the square rail 18 of the parapet 10 of figure 1. Although the first and second rails 118, 124 are intended to cushion the initial impact of a vehicle, the collapsible brackets provide the cushioning effect. A stiffer rail ensures that the rail itself does not bend under the initial impact, but transmits the impact to the collapsible brackets. Once the brackets have fully collapsed, it is desirable for the rails to be relatively stiff to prevent the parapet from being deflected too far and to keep the vehicle on the bridge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un parapet de sécurité de véhicule comprenant une pluralité de rails (18, 24, 28) supportés à diverses hauteurs sur des ranchers (12). Un premier rail comprend une section rectangulaire en acier supportée au niveau de chaque rancher par des moyens de fixation (20) configurés pour s'effondrer lorsqu'une charge d'impact horizontale est appliquée sur le rail, de sorte que le premier rail est déplacé en direction du rancher. Au moins un autre rail s'étend hors des ranchers à plus grande distance que le premier rail lorsque les moyens de fixation sont effondrés.
PCT/GB2006/001245 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 Parapet multi-rails WO2006109019A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002604469A CA2604469A1 (fr) 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 Parapet multi-rails
US11/911,497 US20080283806A1 (en) 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 Multi-Rail Parapet
EP06726649.4A EP1869256B1 (fr) 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 Parapet multi-rails
DK06726649.4T DK1869256T3 (en) 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 MULTI-TRACK RAILINGS
AU2006235669A AU2006235669A1 (en) 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 Multi-rail parapet
IL186517A IL186517A (en) 2005-04-12 2007-10-09 Vehicle safety multi-rail parapet
NO20075807A NO20075807L (no) 2005-04-12 2007-11-12 Flerskinnet rekkverk

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0507358.0A GB0507358D0 (en) 2005-04-12 2005-04-12 Multi-rail parapet
GB0507358.0 2005-04-12
GBGB0520191.8A GB0520191D0 (en) 2005-04-12 2005-10-05 Multi-rail parapet
GB0520191.8 2005-10-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006109019A1 true WO2006109019A1 (fr) 2006-10-19

Family

ID=36579321

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/001245 WO2006109019A1 (fr) 2005-04-12 2006-04-04 Parapet multi-rails

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1869256B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2006235669A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2604469A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20075807L (fr)
WO (1) WO2006109019A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110725211A (zh) * 2019-10-24 2020-01-24 徐磊 用于快速路的防撞护栏悬空部分的智能施工方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1417109A (en) * 1971-10-20 1975-12-10 Road Research Ltd Traffic guard rails
US4638979A (en) * 1984-04-13 1987-01-27 Demarest Vincent M Vehicle crash barriers
US5114266A (en) * 1990-08-22 1992-05-19 Cocina Jr Joseph Barrier apparatus and method of mounting same
EP0570225A1 (fr) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 Grundy Parapets Limited Garde-corps de sécurité
EP0810325A2 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-03 Autostrada del Brennero S.p.A. Barrière routière métallique déformable de haute performance
ES2220238A1 (es) * 2004-08-04 2004-12-01 Hierros Y Aplanaciones, S.A. (Hiasa) Sistema de contencion de impactos laterales de vehiculos, con alta capacidad de contencion y de absorcion energetica.

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4224998C1 (en) * 1992-07-29 1993-08-26 Spig Schutzplanken-Produktions-Gesellschaft Mbh & Co Kg, 6612 Schmelz, De Protective crash barrier for highways - comprises posts anchored in ground, deformation profile on road side, upper and lower longitudinal rails
GB2397604B (en) * 2003-01-25 2007-09-05 Corus Uk Ltd Parapet

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1417109A (en) * 1971-10-20 1975-12-10 Road Research Ltd Traffic guard rails
US4638979A (en) * 1984-04-13 1987-01-27 Demarest Vincent M Vehicle crash barriers
US5114266A (en) * 1990-08-22 1992-05-19 Cocina Jr Joseph Barrier apparatus and method of mounting same
EP0570225A1 (fr) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 Grundy Parapets Limited Garde-corps de sécurité
EP0810325A2 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-03 Autostrada del Brennero S.p.A. Barrière routière métallique déformable de haute performance
ES2220238A1 (es) * 2004-08-04 2004-12-01 Hierros Y Aplanaciones, S.A. (Hiasa) Sistema de contencion de impactos laterales de vehiculos, con alta capacidad de contencion y de absorcion energetica.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110725211A (zh) * 2019-10-24 2020-01-24 徐磊 用于快速路的防撞护栏悬空部分的智能施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2006235669A1 (en) 2006-10-19
EP1869256B1 (fr) 2018-08-22
CA2604469A1 (fr) 2006-10-19
NO20075807L (no) 2007-11-12
EP1869256A1 (fr) 2007-12-26

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