WO2006101214A1 - 水素発生方法及び水素発生装置及び燃料電池設備 - Google Patents
水素発生方法及び水素発生装置及び燃料電池設備 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006101214A1 WO2006101214A1 PCT/JP2006/306030 JP2006306030W WO2006101214A1 WO 2006101214 A1 WO2006101214 A1 WO 2006101214A1 JP 2006306030 W JP2006306030 W JP 2006306030W WO 2006101214 A1 WO2006101214 A1 WO 2006101214A1
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- hydrogen
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- accelerator
- aqueous solution
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen generation method and a hydrogen generation apparatus for efficiently supplying hydrogen to an apparatus that requires hydrogen, such as a fuel cell or a hydrogen engine, or a hydrogen storage container.
- the present invention also relates to a fuel cell facility equipped with a hydrogen generator capable of efficiently supplying hydrogen.
- Examples of the power generation device using hydrogen include a fuel cell and an internal combustion engine (hereinafter, hydrogen engine). These power generators cover all types of industries such as regional distributed power sources, buildings, homes, automobiles, and mobile devices. In either case, it is necessary to supply a predetermined amount of hydrogen promptly, and especially in automobiles and portable devices, due to the space in which the power generator is installed, the power generated by the power consuming device is also reduced. In order to deliver efficiently, hydrogen supply materials and hydrogen generating materials are required to have high hydrogen storage density and generate hydrogen with low energy.
- the reactants of the hydrogen generation reaction are a complex hydride and water, and the catalyst has the effect of a promoter that promotes the hydrogen generation reaction.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-206101 (Page 4-6, Fig. 1) Disclosure of the invention
- reaction efficiency a small amount of hydrogen generation relative to the total weight of the complex hydride
- the reaction rate is slow, so it is difficult to obtain hydrogen at a rate required by the power generator.
- the reaction rate can be increased by increasing the amount of hydrogen alcohol supplied.
- the amount of complex hydride with respect to water and alcohol is extremely small, so the amount of hydrogen generated per weight of all reactants ( Hereinafter, there arises a problem that the hydrogen storage density is reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and the present invention makes it possible to uniformly and efficiently contact a complex hydride and a catalyst, and to generate hydrogen at a required rate, and Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen generation method and a hydrogen generation apparatus that have high reaction efficiency and high hydrogen storage density.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell facility equipped with a hydrogen generator that has high reaction efficiency and high hydrogen storage density.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 1 of the present invention includes supplying an aqueous solution of an accelerator, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride.
- an aqueous solution of an accelerator which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- the total weight of water contained in the aqueous accelerator solution supplied to the complex hydride is 0.2 to 3 times the weight of the complex hydride.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the hydrogen generation method according to claim 1, the total weight of the water is 1.0 to 3 times. .
- the accelerator aqueous solution can supply the accelerator for promoting the reaction together with water to the complex hydride.
- a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly. 9% by weight is obtained based on the weight of the aqueous accelerator and the complex hydride, and a high hydrogen storage density is obtained.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 3 of the present invention includes supplying an aqueous solution of an accelerator, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride.
- an accelerator which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- metal chloride is applied as the accelerator, and the concentration of the metal chloride is adjusted to 0.1 wt% or more and 40 wt% or less.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 4 of the present invention includes supplying an aqueous solution of an accelerator, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride to supply the hydrogen.
- an accelerator which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- metal chloride is applied as the accelerator, and the concentration of the metal chloride is adjusted to 0.1 wt% or more and 25 wt% or less.
- the metal chloride concentration is preferably 1 wt% or more and 15 wt% or less.
- the accelerator solution that promotes the reaction can be supplied to the complex hydride together with water by the accelerator aqueous solution.
- a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly.
- the water-soluble accelerator is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the accelerator can be made constant.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 5 of the present invention supplies an aqueous accelerator solution, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride to supply water.
- an acid is applied as the accelerator, and the pH of the accelerator aqueous solution is adjusted to 1 or more and 3 or less.
- the pH of the aqueous accelerator solution is preferably 1.4 or more and 2 or less.
- the accelerator for promoting the reaction can be supplied to the complex hydride together with water by the accelerator aqueous solution.
- a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly.
- the reaction efficiency is improved. As a result, the hydrogen storage density per volume or weight may be increased. It becomes possible.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 6 of the present invention includes supplying an aqueous solution of an accelerator, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride.
- an accelerator which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- metal chloride and acid were applied as the accelerator
- the concentration of the metal chloride was adjusted to 0.1 wt% or more and 25 wt% or less
- the pH of the accelerator aqueous solution was adjusted to 1 or more and 3 or less. It is characterized by that.
- the accelerator for promoting the reaction can be supplied together with water to the complex hydride by the aqueous solution of the accelerator.
- a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly.
- the water-soluble accelerator is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution, so that the contact probability between the complex hydride and the accelerator can be made constant.
- the volume and weight of the aqueous solution increase, but on the other hand, the reaction efficiency is improved, and as a result, the hydrogen storage density per volume or weight can be increased.
- the hydrogen generation method includes supplying an aqueous solution of an accelerator, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride.
- an accelerator which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- the complex hydride is supplied to the complex hydride with respect to the weight of the complex hydride.
- the total weight of the water contained in the aqueous solution of the accelerator to be fed is 0.2 to 3 times, metal chloride is applied as the accelerator, and the concentration of the metal chloride is 0.1 to 25% by weight. It is characterized by that.
- the accelerator for promoting the reaction can be supplied to the complex hydride together with water by the accelerator aqueous solution.
- a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly.
- 9% by weight is obtained based on the weight of the aqueous accelerator and the complex hydride, a high hydrogen storage density is obtained, and the water-soluble accelerator is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution. It becomes possible to make the contact probability between the accelerator and the accelerator constant.
- an aqueous solution of an accelerator which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- a complex hydride to supply hydrogen.
- the total weight of water contained in the aqueous accelerator solution supplied to the complex hydride is 0.2 to 3 times the weight of the complex hydride, and an acid is applied as the accelerator.
- the pH of the promoter aqueous solution is 1 or more and 3 or less.
- the accelerator water solution can be supplied to the complex hydride together with water by the accelerator aqueous solution, and the complex hydride and water When is reacted, a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly. Further, 9% by weight is obtained with respect to the weight of the aqueous accelerator solution and the complex hydride, a high hydrogen storage density is obtained, and the volume and weight of the aqueous acid solution increase under conditions of high acidity. On the other hand, since the reaction efficiency is improved, it is possible to increase the hydrogen storage density per volume or weight.
- the hydrogen generation method includes supplying an aqueous accelerator solution, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, to the complex hydride to supply water.
- an aqueous accelerator solution which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction
- the total weight of water contained in the aqueous solution of the accelerator supplied to the complex hydride is 0.2 to 3 times the weight of the complex hydride, and metal chloride is used as the accelerator.
- the metal chloride concentration is 0.1 wt% or more and 25 wt% or less
- the pH of the accelerator aqueous solution is 1 or more and 3 or less.
- the accelerator water solution can be supplied to the complex hydride together with water by the accelerator aqueous solution, and the complex hydride and water When is reacted, a promoter is always supplied to the reaction section. Therefore, the reaction rate can be increased regardless of the small amount of water, and the contact probability between the complex hydride and the promoter does not change, and the contact can be made uniformly. Further, 9% by weight is obtained with respect to the weight of the aqueous accelerator solution and the complex hydride, a high hydrogen storage density is obtained, and the volume and weight of the aqueous acid solution increase under conditions of high acidity. On the other hand, since the reaction efficiency is improved, it is possible to increase the hydrogen storage density per volume or weight.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 11 of the present invention is the same as the hydrogen generation method according to any one of claims 5, 6, 8, and 9, wherein the acid is an organic acid. It is characterized by being.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 12 of the present invention is characterized in that, compared with the hydrogen generation method according to claim 11, the organic acid is a carboxylic acid.
- the carboxylic acid is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of citrate, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, oxalic acid and maleic acid. These make it possible to prepare a stable aqueous acid solution with low volatility.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 13 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least one of the accelerator for the hydrogen generation reaction or the complex hydride is used. Is characterized by containing an antifoaming agent.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 14 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the promoter aqueous solution supplied to the complex hydride is hydrogenated. It is characterized in that it is brought into contact with a solid accelerator for the generation reaction.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 15 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to claim 14, wherein the solid accelerator includes the same kind of accelerator as the accelerator in the accelerator aqueous solution. It is characterized by that.
- a hydrogen generation method according to claim 16 of the present invention is characterized in that in the hydrogen generation method according to claim 14, the solid promoter is a noble metal or a hydrogen storage alloy.
- the noble metal iridium, osmium, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, platinum, gold or the like can be used.
- Precious metals and hydrogen storage alloys show a catalytic effect on the hydrolysis reaction of complex hydrides. Therefore, when the noble metal or hydrogen storage alloy is brought into contact with the mixed aqueous solution, the reaction rate can be increased.
- Such metal or alloy catalysts do not dissolve in the mixed solution! Therefore, a constant catalytic effect regardless of the liquidity of the mixed solution It becomes possible to generate hydrogen stably.
- the method for generating hydrogen according to claim 17 for achieving the above object comprises storing the aqueous accelerator solution according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in an aqueous solution storage section, and claim 1
- the hydrogen generation method for storing the complex hydride according to any one of 1 to 9 and generating hydrogen from a reaction part that causes a hydrogen reaction to generate hydrogen and supplying the hydrogen to an external device through a supply pipe or a valve It is characterized in that hydrogen is generated by supplying an aqueous accelerator solution to the complex hydride.
- the start and stop of the hydrogen generation reaction can be controlled by supplying and stopping the aqueous accelerator solution, and the reaction control is facilitated.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 18 of the present invention is the same as the hydrogen generation method according to claim 17, with the supply pipe and the valve set to the hydrogen pressure set in the external device.
- a value obtained by adding the lost pressure is set as a reference pressure.
- a third step of stopping the supply of the promoter aqueous solution when the pressure exceeds the reference pressure, and the steps from the first step to the third step are repeated in order.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 19 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to claim 18, wherein the promoter aqueous solution is supplied to the complex hydride at least once.
- the hydrogen generation rate is higher than the hydrogen consumption rate in the external device.
- a series of flows from the first step to the third step can be caused repeatedly. Since the supply amount of the accelerator water solution is determined by the increase in internal pressure, if the hydrogen generation reaction occurs rapidly, the supply amount is reduced, but the product is coated with the complex hydride and the accelerator water solution is used. If contact with the complex hydride is delayed or the temperature of the reaction zone is low, the rate of the hydrogen generation reaction will decrease, so increasing the supply amount of the accelerator aqueous solution will increase the hydrogen generation rate. Become.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 20 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to claim 19, wherein the internal pressure of the reaction section is 0.3 kPa to 300 kPa higher than the reference pressure.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 21 of the present invention is the same as the hydrogen generation method according to claim 18, in which water contained in the promoter aqueous solution reacts with the complex hydride.
- the theoretical hydrogen pressure is calculated by dividing the stoichiometric amount of hydrogen produced by the volume of the hydrogen supply unit, the theoretical hydrogen pressure is 5 kPa to 300 kPa. It is characterized in that the supply amount of the promoter aqueous solution to be supplied in the case of performing the step is set.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 22 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the hydrogen generated in the hydrogen supplier is supplied to the negative electrode chamber of the fuel cell. It is used as supplied hydrogen.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 23 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to claim 22, wherein the set hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell is equal to or higher than the pressure of the positive electrode chamber of the fuel cell. It is characterized by being 0.3 MPa higher than the pressure and lower than the pressure.
- the pressure difference applied to the electrolyte existing between the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber from the positive and negative electrode chambers is within the range of 0.305 MPa to 0.6 MPa at the maximum. If the amount of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell is subtracted from this, the stress applied to the electrolyte can be kept below the durability of the electrolyte. wear.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 24 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to claim 23, wherein the reference pressure is applied to the promoter aqueous solution, and the aqueous solution storage unit and the reaction
- the check valve is opened by a differential pressure, and the promoter aqueous solution is converted into the complex hydride.
- the check valve is closed by the differential pressure, and the promoter aqueous solution is stopped.
- the hydrogen generation method according to claim 25 of the present invention is the hydrogen generation method according to claim 23, wherein the promoter aqueous solution is weighted, and the aqueous solution storage unit, the reaction unit, When the internal pressure of the reaction section is lower than the reference pressure, the Regulator is opened, the promoter aqueous solution is supplied to the complex hydride, and the internal pressure of the reaction section is reduced. When the reference pressure is exceeded, the regulator is closed, and the accelerator aqueous solution is stopped.
- the hydrogen generator according to claim 26 of the present invention for achieving the above object includes an aqueous solution storage section in which an aqueous solution of an accelerator, which is an aqueous solution of an accelerator for a hydrogen generation reaction, is stored.
- An aqueous solution reservoir is connected to the hydrogen supply unit that stores the complex hydride via a supply pipe, and an external device that consumes the hydrogen generated in the hydrogen supply unit is connected to the hydrogen supply unit.
- the supply pipe is provided with a valve member that allows the flow of the promoter aqueous solution in accordance with the pressure of the hydrogen supply device and the pressure of the aqueous solution storage unit.
- the promoter aqueous solution in the described hydrogen generation method is stored!
- a fuel cell facility according to claim 27 of the present invention comprises connecting the hydrogen supply device of the hydrogen generator according to claim 26 to the negative electrode chamber of the fuel cell, The generated hydrogen is supplied to the negative electrode chamber.
- the present invention by supplying an aqueous accelerator solution to the complex hydride, water, which is a reaction product of the hydrogen generation reaction, and an accelerator for increasing the reaction rate are simultaneously supplied to the complex hydride.
- the accelerator can be brought into contact with the complex hydride uniformly and efficiently, the hydrogen generation rate can be increased, the reaction efficiency and the hydrogen storage density can be increased, and control is easy. It becomes possible to provide a simple hydrogen generation method and hydrogen generation apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a hydrogen generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell facility equipped with a hydrogen generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in hydrogen supplier internal pressure and fuel cell output voltage over time when a hydrogen supplier and a fuel cell using the hydrogen generation method according to the present invention are operated.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on malic acid concentration when sodium borohydride is dissolved in malic acid aqueous solution.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on sodium borohydride concentration.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on pH of malic acid concentration.
- FIG. 7 is a table illustrating the combination of an aqueous accelerator solution, an accelerator and a solid accelerator.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on the concentration of salt and nickel.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the change over time in the hydrogen generation pressure when the fixed catalyst is stored.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the change over time in the hydrogen generation pressure when a fixed catalyst is stored.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell facility according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell facility according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell facility according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a process flow of a hydrogen generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the first step S1 is a step of detecting that the internal pressure of the reactor is lower than the reference pressure and supplying an aqueous solution of the promoter to the reactor.
- the second step S2 is a step of causing a hydrogen generation reaction by dissolving the complex hydride in the promoter aqueous solution.
- the third step S3 is a step of detecting that the reactor internal pressure is higher than the reference pressure and stopping the supply of the promoter aqueous solution.
- malic acid was used as the accelerator for the aqueous accelerator solution
- sodium borohydride was used as the complex hydride.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a fuel cell facility provided with a hydrogen generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the hydrogen supply unit is an aqueous solution storage that stores sodium borohydride as a complex hydride to cause a hydrogen generation reaction, and malic acid aqueous solution as an accelerator aqueous solution.
- the reaction part 1 and the aqueous solution storage part 2 are connected by a connecting pipe 3.
- the connecting pipe 3 is provided with a check valve 4 as a valve and an air intake 5 for taking the air into the aqueous solution storage unit 2.
- the reaction unit 1 is connected to an anode chamber 6 which is a negative electrode chamber of the fuel cell by a hydrogen supply pipe 7, and hydrogen is supplied from the reaction unit 1 to the anode chamber 6.
- the fuel cell is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and has a structure in which hydrogen supplied to the anode chamber 6 is not released to the outside.
- Control of stopping the supply of malic acid aqueous solution to the reaction section 1 is performed based on FIG.
- the internal pressure of the anode chamber 6 was set to atmospheric pressure as the set hydrogen pressure for operating the fuel cell. This is because the solid polymer membrane sandwiched between the anode and the force sword is subjected to the force pressure side pressure and atmospheric pressure, and the anode side force is also the anode chamber 6 internal pressure. This is to keep the stress of the molecular film low.
- the reference pressure is a value obtained by adding the pressure lost by the hydrogen supply pipe 7 to the set hydrogen pressure. However, in this embodiment, the hydrogen supply pipe 7 is sufficiently thick and short, so that no pressure loss occurs and the reference pressure is an atmospheric pressure equivalent to the set hydrogen pressure.
- the aqueous solution storage unit 2 is always at atmospheric pressure due to the air flowing in from the air intake 5. Further, the valve opening pressure of the check valve 4 is substantially the same as OPa, and no pressure loss occurs when the malic acid aqueous solution passes through the connecting pipe 3. Accordingly, the supply and stoppage of the malic acid aqueous solution are determined according to the difference between the internal pressure of the reaction section 1 and the atmospheric pressure.
- the supply of malic acid aqueous solution 'control of supply stop is as shown in the process flow chart of FIG. 1, and will be described in detail below.
- the reaction unit 1 when the internal pressure of the anode chamber 6 and the reaction unit 1 decreases due to the consumption of hydrogen accompanying power generation of the fuel cell, and the internal pressure of the reaction unit 1 decreases below atmospheric pressure, the reaction unit 1 and the aqueous solution Due to the differential pressure in storage 2, a force in the liquid feeding direction is applied to the valve body of check valve 4, and check valve 4 opens. In this process, the aqueous malic acid solution is supplied to the reaction section 1.
- the second step S2 is a step for generating a hydrogen generation reaction.
- malic acid aqueous solution is supplied to reaction section 1
- sodium borohydride and malic acid aqueous solution come into contact with each other, and sodium borohydride is dissolved in malic acid aqueous solution.
- Sodium borohydride associates with the solvent water in a malic acid aqueous solution to cause a hydrogen generation reaction.
- the dissolved malic acid acts as a homogeneous catalyst and promotes the reaction between sodium borohydride and water.
- the third step S3 when the internal pressure of the reaction section 1 rises from the atmospheric pressure due to hydrogen generation, the pressure of the reaction section 1 and the aqueous solution storage section 2 and the valve body of the check valve 4 is reversed in the liquid feeding direction due to the differential pressure. This is a process in which the force is applied in the direction, the check valve 4 is closed, and the supply of the malic acid aqueous solution is stopped.
- FIG. 3 shows a graph showing a change in internal pressure of the hydrogen supplier and a change over time of the output voltage of the fuel cell when the hydrogen supplier and the fuel cell using the hydrogen generation method according to the present invention are operated.
- the concentration of the malic acid aqueous solution was 25% by weight, and a silicone-based antifoaming agent was mixed.
- the ratio of water in the malic acid aqueous solution to sodium borohydride was set to 1.3.
- the graph of Fig. 3 shows that the decrease in the internal pressure of the reaction section 1 due to the power generation of the fuel cell and the increase in the internal pressure of the reaction section 1 due to the hydrogen generation reaction occur repeatedly. A hydrogen generation method was confirmed. In addition, the fuel cell voltage at this time is constant, and it can be seen that the required amount of hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen supply device.
- the supply amount of the malic acid aqueous solution was set as follows.
- the end of the connecting tube 3 on the side of the reaction section 1 is a nozzle having an inner diameter of about 100 m, and the malic acid aqueous solution forms a droplet at the tip of the nozzle and is then dropped onto sodium borohydride.
- the supply amount of the aqueous solution was set to 0.02 g.
- Force here Water by stoichiometrically calculated hydrogen pressure The pressure rise in the element feeder is 30kPa.
- the fuel cell was supplied with oxygen diffusion by natural convection with the power sword opened to the atmosphere.
- the ambient temperature is 25 ° C, and the cell temperature should be adjusted! Power was generated with the output power fixed at 1W.
- the system since the pressure rises when the malic acid aqueous solution is supplied while the system internal pressure decreases due to power generation, the system may be operated within a certain range of pressure.
- the pressure fluctuation range was 5kPaG to + 10kPaG, and the output voltage fluctuation due to this was as small as several mV.
- the reference pressure was OkPaG, and the force pressure dropped to about 15 kPa. This is because it takes time for the droplets to form at the tip of the nozzle before the malic acid aqueous solution is dropped on the sodium borohydride, and the pressure drops during that time.
- the pressure increase calculated for the supply capacity of malic acid aqueous solution is 30 kPa, but for the same reason, the upper limit of pressure was almost lOkPa.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on malic acid concentration when sodium borohydride is dissolved in an aqueous malic acid solution.
- the ratio of water in the malic acid aqueous solution to sodium borohydride is 3.
- this measurement calculates the amount of hydrogen generated by dissolving all the reactants in the pressure vessel, which is not the method of supplying the malic acid aqueous solution to sodium borohydride in small amounts according to the present invention, from the pressure vessel internal pressure. Went in the way.
- the reaction efficiency exceeded 10% when malic acid was mixed even at a pH of about 0.1% by weight, and when the malic acid concentration was 25% by weight or more, it was saturated at about 85%.
- As the hydrogen storage density even malic acid 0.1% by weight is effective, because the hydrogen storage density when malic acid concentration of 25 wt% was found to be a maximum, subject to the malic acid concentration of 25 weight 0/0 Selected.
- Fig. 5 is a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on sodium borohydride concentration.
- the malic acid concentration in this measurement is 25% by weight. This measurement is also shown in Fig. 3. The method was the same as when the degree was set.
- the reaction efficiency was as high as 95% when the sodium borohydride concentration was low. However, the efficiency decreased as the sodium borohydride concentration increased.
- the sodium borohydride concentration is 30% by weight, that is, when the ratio of water in the malic acid aqueous solution to sodium borohydride is 1.3, the hydrogen storage density relative to the total weight of the reactant calculated from the hydrogen release amount is 4. The maximum was 4% by weight, and the reaction efficiency at this time was 81%. Therefore, it was found that the ratio of water in the malic acid aqueous solution to sodium borohydride was 1.3, and the malic acid concentration of 25% by weight had the maximum hydrogen storage density in this system. Selected.
- FIG. 6 shows a graph showing the dependence of the reaction efficiency on the pH of the malic acid concentration.
- the reaction efficiency was higher than 80% when the pH was lower than 2.
- a pH of 1 or more is optimal because the reaction occurs too quickly if the pH is too low, and the hydrogen density is maintained.
- the pH is optimally 1.4 or more.
- the pH of malic acid concentration is 1 or more and 3 or less.
- the pH of the malic acid concentration is more preferably 1.4 or more and 2 or less.
- FIG. 7 is a table showing combinations and reaction efficiencies in the case where other promoter aqueous solutions are used or a solid promoter is stored in the reaction section 1 in addition to the above experimental results.
- the reaction rate can be increased by reducing the amount of catalyst.
- the fluctuation speed of the internal pressure can be reduced (see Fig. 9 described later), and high safety and controllability can be obtained.
- Sodium, potassium, and lithium can be used as the metal salt salt, and iron can be used as the metal.
- a hydrogenated aluminum salt can be used.
- an acid is used as a promoter in the promoter aqueous solution.
- hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid can be used.
- an amphoteric metal can be used as the complex hydride.
- a basic aqueous solution is used as the promoter aqueous solution.
- amphoteric metal aluminum, zinc, tin, or lead is used, and sodium hydroxide is used as the basic aqueous solution.
- nickel chloride is a force that is 0.1 wt% or more and 40 wt% or less, preferably 0.1 wt% or more and 25.
- FIG. 8 shows a graph showing the dependence of reaction efficiency on the concentration of nickel chloride.
- the lower limit of the salt-nickel concentration is based on the initial reaction rate 5 minutes after the start of the reaction
- the upper limit of the nickel chloride concentration is the value at the end of the reaction. This was based on the high reaction efficiency.
- the values of the reaction efficiency and hydrogen density at the left end of the vertical axis in the figure are the weight% with the addition of nickel chloride rather than the value when nickel chloride is not included at all, for example, the value is 0.1 weight% or less. . [0105] As shown in Fig.
- the reaction efficiency is 10% or more in the concentration region of 0.1 wt% or more, and the reaction proceeds at a high reaction rate.
- High reaction efficiency and high hydrogen density in the concentration range up to 20% by weight, and high state is maintained in the concentration range up to 25% by weight.
- the reaction efficiency and hydrogen density are maintained substantially unchanged.
- the optimum concentration of salt and nickel that is, the concentration of metal chloride, is 0.1 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 25% by weight. Selected as. More preferably, as shown in FIG. 8, the peak of reaction efficiency and hydrogen density occurs between 1.0% by weight and 15% by weight. It is preferable to select from 15% by weight to 15% by weight
- Fig. 9 shows the change over time in the hydrogen generation pressure (hydrogen generation rate) when no fixed catalyst is stored
- Fig. 10 shows the change over time in the hydrogen generation pressure (hydrogen generation rate) when the fixed catalyst is stored. It is shown.
- the generated current was 6A in (1) shown in Fig. 7.
- the generated current is 6A in (7) shown in Fig. 7.
- Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 show the difference in reaction rate when the aqueous catalyst solution is dropped onto sodium borohydride in the fuel cell system.
- the slope of the graph is related to the hydrogen generation rate and the generated current. Since the generated current is the same in both Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, the difference in profile is due to the difference in hydrogen generation rate.
- the rate of hydrogen generation is related to the amount of catalyst and the amount of water to be supplied. Therefore, the graph rises when the amount of the accelerator solution is supplied.
- One cycle of the profile is related to the amount of water supplied, changes in hydrogen generation rate, and current. One cycle becomes longer as the amount of water supplied increases.
- one cycle becomes shorter as the time until the hydrogen generation rate changes and the hydrogen generation rate becomes smaller than the hydrogen consumption rate due to current generation becomes shorter.
- the reaction proceeds with the substance being reacted and the promoter fixed in the reactor.
- the substance in the reaction is in the form of foam, and the surface of the foam contains sodium borohydride and water. Since the substance in the reaction is in the form of bubbles, the timing at which the promoter fixed in the reactor comes into contact with the substance in the reaction varies. Therefore, there are many fine irregularities in the graph lines.
- the concentration of the aqueous GO accelerator solution is low.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 have different pressures because the valve closing pressures are different.
- the absolute value of pressure is independent of the hydrogen generation rate and the generated current.
- the workpiece is a complex hydride, for example, sodium borohydride.
- the reaction solution is an aqueous accelerator solution, for example, an aqueous malic acid solution.
- a complex hydride other than sodium borohydride can be applied as the workpiece, and an aqueous solution of an accelerator exemplified in FIG. 7 can be applied as the reaction solution.
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic configuration of the hydrogen generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration of the hydrogen generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a hydrogen generator according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- the hydrogen generator 11 includes a reaction chamber 12 as a hydrogen supplier (corresponding to the reaction unit 1 in FIG. 1), and a work 13 (for example, a hydrogen generation reactant) in the reaction chamber 12 (for example, Sodium borohydride) is stored.
- a solution tank 15 as an aqueous solution reservoir is connected to the reaction chamber 12 via a liquid supply pipe 14 as a supply pipe, and the liquid supply pipe 14 is connected to a liquid chamber 16 that is a fluid chamber of the solution tank 15.
- a reaction solution 17 for example, malic acid aqueous solution
- the liquid chamber 16 is partitioned by a movable wall 18.
- the movable wall 18 is urged toward the liquid chamber 16 by the compression spring 19, and the liquid chamber 16 is pressed against the movable wall 18 and pressurized. That is, since the movable wall 18 is constantly pressed by the compression spring 19, the reaction solution 17 can be pushed out when the reaction solution 17 flows through the liquid feeding pipe 14. When the reaction solution 17 is sent to the reaction chamber 12 from 14 liquid supply pipes, the reaction solution 17 and the cake 13 come into contact with each other to cause a hydrogen generation reaction.
- reference numeral 20 in the figure denotes an air intake for preventing the movement of the movable wall 18.
- a hydrogen conduit 21 serving as a discharge means is connected to the reaction chamber 12, and a regulator 22 is provided in the hydrogen conduit 21.
- the regulator 22 adjusts the amount of hydrogen discharged from the reaction chamber 12.
- the hydrogen discharge amount can be controlled by the regulator 22, it is possible to discharge hydrogen at a constant hydrogen pressure using a constant pressure valve.
- a pressure adjusting valve 23 for adjusting pressure is installed in the liquid feeding pipe 14, and the pressure adjusting valve 23 is a valve for adjusting the pressure when the reaction solution 17 is allowed to flow.
- the output pressure when the reaction solution 17 is allowed to flow is the pressure when the pressure regulating valve 23 is opened (valve opening pressure).
- the pressure regulating valve 23 is closed, and when the pressure in the reaction chamber 12 falls below the valve opening pressure (below the predetermined value), the pressure regulating valve 23 is Open the valve.
- the internal pressure of the liquid chamber 16 is maintained higher than the pressure at which the pressure regulating valve 23 opens (the pressure exceeding the predetermined pressure value of the reaction chamber 12 for opening the pressure regulating valve 23).
- the pressure regulating valve 23 is configured to open the valve body so that the force on the liquid chamber 16 side also allows the reaction solution 17 to flow to the reaction chamber 12 side when the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 becomes a predetermined value or less. ing.
- the pressure adjustment valve 23 is, for example, a constant pressure valve, and includes a primary flow path that is a flow path on the liquid chamber 16 side of the solution tank 15, a secondary flow path that is a flow path on the reaction chamber 12 side, It consists of a valve body provided between the primary flow path and the secondary flow path, an external pressure transmission path for transmitting external pressure to the valve, and an internal pressure transmission path for transmitting the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 to the valve body.
- the liquid chamber 16 and the reaction chamber 12 of the solution tank 15 are partitioned by a wall member, so that the solution tank 15 and the reaction chamber 12 are configured as one container member. It is also possible to form a communication hole in the wall member for partitioning and to provide the pressure regulating valve 23 in the communication hole. As a result, the liquid supply pipe 14 is not required and the number of parts can be reduced.
- the reaction solution 17 is fed from the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15 to the reaction chamber 12 through the liquid feeding tube 14. Combined with the pressurization of the liquid chamber 16, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 when hydrogen is not generated is set to a low pressure when the pressure regulating valve 23 is opened. Through which the reaction solution 17 is fed.
- reaction solution 17 When the reaction solution 17 is sent to the reaction chamber 12, the reaction solution 17 and the work 13 come into contact with each other and react to generate hydrogen. As hydrogen is generated, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber increases. The pressure rises and exceeds the valve opening pressure of the pressure regulating valve 23 (the pressure regulating valve 23 is closed). As the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 rises, the pressure regulating valve 23 is closed, and the supply of the reaction solution 17 from the liquid feeding pipe 14 is stopped.
- reaction solution 17 When the reaction solution 17 is no longer supplied, the reaction rate of the hydrogen generation reaction in the reaction chamber 12 decreases, and the generated hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen conduit 21 in the reaction chamber 12. As the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 decreases, the pressure becomes low enough to open the pressure regulating valve 23. Again, the reaction solution 17 is sent from the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15 to the reaction chamber 112, and the reaction solution 17 and the workpiece 13 come into contact with each other to generate hydrogen.
- a pressurizing means is used to send the reaction solution 17 from the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15. That is, the movable wall 18 is urged toward the liquid chamber 16 by the compression spring 19, and the reaction solution 17 is fed by the applied pressure that presses the liquid chamber 16 against the movable wall 18.
- a force discharged from the solution tank 15 is always applied to the reaction solution 17 by pressurization through the movable wall 18 by the compression spring 19. However, the pressure changes depending on the amount of displacement of the compression spring 19.
- the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15 is opened by providing the pressure adjusting valve 23 which is opened when the internal pressure of the reaction solution 17 decreases and the valve opening pressure is constant.
- the discharge rate of the reaction solution 17 is constant regardless of the pressure of.
- the pressure adjustment valve 23 is opened and closed depending on the relationship between the internal pressure and external pressure of the reaction chamber 12, the external pressure (specifically, atmospheric pressure) is constant, so the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 is substantially constant. To be kept.
- the reaction solution 17 can be stably supplied to the reaction chamber 12 by the pressure state without using power, and hydrogen can be generated. Further, by changing the volume of the liquid chamber 16 by the movable wall 18, it is possible to pressurize the liquid chamber 16 and maintain a pressure state in which the pressure regulating valve 23 is opened. Further, since the movable wall 18 is pressed by the urging force of the compression spring 19, the movable wall 18 can be pressed with a very simple configuration.
- a hydrogen generator according to the second embodiment will be described based on FIG.
- the same members as those shown in FIG. 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the hydrogen generator 24 is configured to include a pair of magnets 25 in place of the compression spring 19 of the hydrogen generator 11 shown in FIG. That is, the movable wall 18 is urged toward the liquid chamber 16 by the repulsive force of the magnet 25, and the liquid chamber 16 is pressed against the movable wall 18 to cause It is pressed. Since the movable wall 18 is constantly pressed by the repulsive force of the magnet 25, the reaction solution 17 can be pushed out when the reaction solution 17 flows through the liquid feeding tube 14.
- the movable wall 18 can be pressed with a very simple configuration by the magnetic force of the magnet 25.
- FIG. 3 Based on FIG. 3, a hydrogen generator according to a third embodiment will be described.
- the same members as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the hydrogen generator 28 includes a reaction chamber 12, and a work 13 is stored in the reaction chamber 12.
- a solution tank 15 is connected to the reaction chamber 12 via a liquid supply pipe 14, and the liquid supply pipe 14 is connected to a liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15.
- a reaction solution 17 is stored in the liquid chamber 16.
- a hydrogen conduit 21 is connected to the reaction chamber 12, and a regulator 22 is provided in the hydrogen conduit 21. Regulator 22 adjusts the hydrogen discharge from the reaction chamber 12.
- a pressure adjusting valve 23 for adjusting the pressure is installed in the liquid feeding pipe 14, and the pressure adjusting valve 23 is a valve for adjusting the pressure when the reaction solution 17 is allowed to flow.
- the output pressure when the reaction solution 17 is allowed to flow is the pressure when the pressure regulating valve 23 is opened (valve opening pressure).
- the pressure regulating valve 23 is closed, and when the pressure in the reaction chamber 12 falls below the valve opening pressure (below the predetermined value), the pressure regulating valve 23 is Open the valve.
- the reaction chamber 12 and the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15 are connected by a pressure transmission pipe 26, and hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 12 passes through the pressure transmission pipe 26.
- the pressure transmission pipe 26 is provided with a check valve 27, and the check valve 27 allows hydrogen to flow only from the reaction chamber 12 to the liquid chamber 16. That is, hydrogen does not flow into the reaction chamber 12 even with the liquid chamber 16 force.
- the principle of supplying the reaction solution 17 to the reaction chamber 12 is based on the pressure difference between the two caused by the internal pressure increase in the solution tank 15 and the pressure reduction in the reaction chamber 12.
- hydrogen flows from the reaction chamber 12 into the solution tank 15 and the internal pressure of the solution tank 15 is increased.
- hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen conduit 21 through the regulator 22 to the outside.
- the pressure in the reaction chamber 12 is reduced. Accordingly, a pressure difference is generated between the solution tank 15 and the reaction chamber 12, and the reaction solution 17 moves to the reaction chamber 12 side.
- the reaction solution 17 is fed from the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15 to the reaction chamber 12 through the liquid feeding pipe 14. Combined with the pressurization of the liquid chamber 16, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 when hydrogen is not generated is set to a low pressure when the pressure regulating valve 23 is opened. Through which the reaction solution 17 is fed.
- reaction solution 17 When the reaction solution 17 is sent to the reaction chamber 12, the reaction solution 17 and the workpiece 13 come into contact with each other and react to generate hydrogen.
- hydrogen When hydrogen is generated, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 rises and exceeds the opening pressure of the pressure regulating valve 23 (the pressure regulating valve 23 is closed).
- the pressure regulating valve 23 As the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 rises, the pressure regulating valve 23 is closed, and the supply of the reaction solution 17 from the liquid feeding pipe 14 is stopped.
- reaction solution 17 When the reaction solution 17 is not supplied, the reaction rate of the hydrogen generation reaction in the reaction chamber 12 decreases, and the generated hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen conduit 21 in the reaction chamber 12. As the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 12 decreases, the pressure becomes low enough to open the pressure regulating valve 23. Again, the reaction solution 17 is sent from the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15 to the reaction chamber 112, and the reaction solution 17 and the workpiece 13 come into contact with each other to generate hydrogen.
- a pressurizing means is used to send the reaction solution 17 from the liquid chamber 16 of the solution tank 15. That is, when hydrogen is generated in the reaction chamber 12 and the pressure rises, the hydrogen is sent from the pressure transmission pipe 26 to the solution tank 15, and the pressure is transmitted from the reaction chamber 12 to the solution tank 15. At the same time, when the hydrogen in the reaction chamber 12 is discharged from the hydrogen conduit 21, the internal pressure in the reaction chamber 12 decreases, and the internal pressure in the solution tank 15 is maintained higher than the internal pressure in the reaction chamber 12 by the check valve 27. The solution tank 15 is pressurized and the reaction solution 17 is fed.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cell facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 15 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cell facility according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a fuel cell system 31 shown in FIG. 14 is a system in which the hydrogen generator 11 shown in FIG. That is, the fuel cell 32 is provided with an anode chamber 33 as a negative electrode chamber, and the anode chamber 33 forms a space in contact with the anode chamber of the fuel cell 34.
- the anode chamber is a space for temporarily holding hydrogen consumed by the anode.
- the anode chamber 33 and the reaction chamber 12 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 21, and hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 12 is supplied to the anode chamber of the anode chamber 33.
- the hydrogen supplied to the anode chamber is consumed by the fuel cell reaction at the anode.
- the amount of hydrogen consumed in the anode is determined according to the output current of the fuel cell 32.
- the regulator 22 provided in the hydrogen conduit 21 shown in Fig. 11 does not need to be installed and is attached.
- the fuel cell system 31 described above is a fuel cell system 31 including the hydrogen generator 11 that can stably supply the reaction solution 17 and generate hydrogen without using a complicated mechanism or power. be able to.
- a fuel cell equipment 35 shown in FIG. 15 is a system in which the hydrogen generator 28 shown in FIG. That is, the fuel cell 32 is provided with an anode chamber 33, and the anode chamber 33 forms a space in contact with the anode chamber of the fuel cell 34.
- the anode chamber is a space that temporarily holds hydrogen consumed by the anode.
- the anode chamber 33 and the reaction chamber 12 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 21, and hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 12 is supplied to the anode chamber of the anode chamber 33.
- the hydrogen supplied to the anode chamber is consumed by the fuel cell reaction at the anode.
- the amount of hydrogen consumed at the anode is determined according to the output current of the fuel cell 32.
- the above-described fuel cell facility 35 is a fuel cell facility including a hydrogen generator 24 that can stably supply the reaction solution 17 and generate hydrogen without using a complicated mechanism or power. Can be set to 35.
- FIG. 16 shows a schematic configuration of the hydrogen generator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 17 shows a schematic configuration of the hydrogen generator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration of a hydrogen generator according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
- the hydrogen generator 41 includes a reaction chamber 42, and a work 43 is stored in the reaction chamber 42.
- a solution container 44 is provided inside the reaction chamber 42, and a reaction solution 51 as a reaction fluid is stored in the solution container 44.
- the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 44 are connected by a liquid feeding pipe 45 as a fluid supply path, and the liquid feeding pipe 45 connects the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 44 via the outside of the reaction chamber 42. .
- the solution container 44 is made of, for example, a bag member made of polypropylene (flexible material: a film of a resinous rubber, a sheet-like material), and a weight plate 46 as a plate material is provided at the bottom. Yes.
- a compression spring 47 is provided between the load plate 46 and the bottom wall of the reaction chamber 42, and the load plate 46 is urged by the compression spring 47.
- flexible materials such as PET, silicone, silicone rubber, butyl rubber, and isoprene rubber can be applied in addition to polypropylene.
- the reaction solution 51 can be pushed out of the solution container 44 when the reaction solution 51 flows through the liquid feeding tube 45. .
- the reaction solution 51 is pushed out, since the solution container 44 is pressed through the load plate 46, the bag member is deformed and the volume of the solution container 44 is reduced, and the volume of the reaction chamber 42 is increased accordingly.
- the reaction solution 51 is sent from the liquid feeding pipe 45 to the reaction chamber 42, a hydrogen generation reaction occurs in the reaction chamber 42 in which the volume of the reaction solution 51 and the work 43 is increased due to contact.
- a hydrogen conduit 50 is connected to the reaction chamber 42, and a regulator 52 is provided in the hydrogen conduit 50.
- the regulator 52 adjusts the amount of hydrogen discharged from the reaction chamber 42. It is also possible to discharge hydrogen at a constant hydrogen pressure using a pressure constant pressure valve that allows the hydrogen discharge amount to be controlled by the regulator 52.
- a pressure adjusting valve 5 for adjusting the pressure is provided in the liquid feeding pipe 45 outside the reaction chamber 42. 3 is installed, and the pressure regulating valve 53 is a valve for regulating the pressure when the reaction solution 51 is allowed to flow.
- the output pressure when the reaction solution 51 is allowed to flow is the pressure when the pressure regulating valve 53 is opened (valve opening pressure).
- the pressure regulating valve 53 is closed when the pressure in the reaction chamber 42 exceeds the valve opening pressure, and the pressure regulating valve 13 is activated when the pressure in the reaction chamber 42 falls below the valve opening pressure (below the predetermined value). Open the valve.
- the internal pressure of the solution container 44 is maintained higher than the pressure at which the pressure regulating valve 53 opens (pressure exceeding the predetermined pressure value of the reaction chamber 42 for opening the pressure regulating valve 53).
- the force regulating valve 53 is configured such that the valve body opens to a state in which the reaction container 51 side force also allows the reaction solution 51 to flow to the reaction chamber 42 side when the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 42 becomes a predetermined pressure or less. Has been.
- the pressure adjustment valve 53 is, for example, a constant pressure valve, and includes a primary flow path that is a flow path on the solution container 44 side, a secondary flow path that is a flow path on the reaction chamber 42 side, and a primary flow path. It consists of a valve body provided between the secondary flow paths, an external pressure transmission path that transmits external pressure to the valve, and an internal pressure transmission path that transmits the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 42 to the valve body.
- the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 44 are connected by the liquid feeding pipe 45 via the outside of the reaction chamber 42
- the liquid feeding pipe 45 can be arranged inside the reaction chamber 42. It is. It is also possible to provide a check valve in the nozzle portion of the liquid feeding pipe 45 opened inside the reaction chamber 42. By providing the check valve, it is possible to prevent the backflow of hydrogen and hydrogen bubbles generated in the reaction chamber 42, and the restriction on the posture of using the hydrogen generator 41 is reduced.
- the reaction solution 51 is fed from the solution container 44 to the reaction chamber 42 through the liquid feeding tube 45. Combined with the pressurization of the solution container 44, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 42 in a state where hydrogen is not generated is set to a low pressure at which the pressure regulating valve 53 is opened. The reaction solution 51 is fed through 5.
- reaction solution 51 When the reaction solution 51 is sent to the reaction chamber 42, the reaction solution 51 and the workpiece 43 come into contact with each other and react to generate hydrogen.
- hydrogen When hydrogen is generated, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 42 rises and exceeds the valve opening pressure of the pressure regulating valve 53 (the pressure regulating valve 53 is closed).
- reaction When the internal pressure of the chamber 42 rises, the pressure regulating valve 53 is closed, and the supply of the reaction solution 51 from the liquid feeding pipe 45 is stopped.
- reaction solution 51 When the reaction solution 51 is not supplied, the reaction rate of the hydrogen generation reaction in the reaction chamber 42 decreases, and the generated hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen conduit 50 in the reaction chamber 42. As the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 42 decreases, the pressure becomes low enough to open the pressure regulating valve 53. Again, the reaction solution 51 is sent from the solution container 44 to the reaction chamber 42, and the reaction solution 51 and the workpiece 43 come into contact with each other to generate hydrogen.
- a pressurizing means is used. That is, the weight plate 46 is urged by the compression spring 47, the bag member is deformed so that the volume of the solution container 44 is reduced, the reaction solution 51 is pressurized, and the reaction solution 51 is fed by the applied pressure.
- the reaction solution 51 is always subjected to a force that is pressurized and discharged from the solution container 44 due to deformation (volume reduction) of the solution container 44 through the load plate 46 by the compression spring 47.
- the pressure changes depending on the displacement amount of the compression spring 47.
- the valve was opened by lowering the internal pressure of the reaction solution 51, and the pressure adjustment valve 53 having a constant valve opening pressure was provided.
- the discharge rate of the reaction solution 51 is constant.
- the pressure adjustment valve 53 is opened and closed depending on the relationship between the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 42 and the external pressure, the external pressure (specifically, atmospheric pressure) is constant. Kept constant.
- the reaction solution 51 can be stably supplied to the reaction chamber 42 by pressure without using power, and hydrogen can be generated. Further, by urging the weight plate 46 and changing the volume of the solution container 44, the pressure state of the pressure adjustment valve 53 can be maintained by pressurizing the solution container 44 to open. Further, since the load plate 46 is pressed by the urging force of the compression spring 47, the load plate 46 can be pressed with an extremely simple configuration.
- the load plate 46 is pressed by the urging force of the compression spring 47, and the volume of the solution container 44 decreases.
- the volume of the reaction chamber 42 can be increased by the decrease in volume. For this reason, dead space is eliminated, the area where hydrogen is generated in a small space can be increased, and space can be saved without reducing the amount of hydrogen generation. Ma In addition, it is possible to increase the hydrogen generation amount without increasing the space.
- the hydrogen generator 41 described above can generate a sufficient amount of hydrogen with a small volume.
- the hydrogen generator 55 is provided with a solution container 56 as a fluid chamber inside the reaction chamber 42 instead of the solution container 44 shown in FIG.
- the solution container 56 stores a reaction solution 51 (for example, malic acid aqueous solution).
- the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 56 are connected by a liquid supply pipe 45 as a fluid supply path.
- the liquid supply pipe 45 connects the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 56 via the outside of the reaction chamber 42. Yes.
- the solution container 56 is formed of a bellows that also serves as a bellows member as a deformation-permitting member, and has, for example, SUS, phosphor bronze, and beryllium force.
- a load plate 57 as a plate material is provided at the bottom of the solution container 56 (end portion of the bellows member), and a compression spring 47 is provided between the load plate 57 and the bottom wall of the reaction chamber 42. The load plate 57 is biased by 47.
- the reaction solution 51 can be pushed out of the solution container 56 when the reaction solution 51 flows through the liquid feeding tube 45. .
- the solution container 56 is pressed through the load plate 57, so that the bellows contracts and the volume of the solution container 56 decreases, and the volume of the reaction chamber 42 increases accordingly.
- the reaction solution 51 is sent from the liquid feeding pipe 45 to the reaction chamber 42, the reaction solution 51 and the workpiece 43 come into contact with each other, and a hydrogen generation reaction occurs in the reaction chamber 42 whose volume has increased.
- the reaction solution 51 can be stably supplied to the reaction chamber 42 by pressure without using power, and hydrogen can be generated. Further, the volume of the solution container 56 can be changed by urging the load plate 57 to contract the bellows, and the pressure state of the pressure adjustment valve 53 can be maintained by pressurizing the solution container 56. Then, as the reaction solution 51 in the solution container 56 is supplied to the workpiece 43 of the reaction chamber 42, the load plate 57 is biased by the compression spring 47. The volume of the solution container 56 is reduced by the pressure being pressed by the bellows, and the volume of the reaction chamber 42 can be increased as the volume is reduced. As a result, dead space is eliminated, the area where hydrogen is generated in a small space can be increased, and space can be saved without reducing the amount of hydrogen generation. It is also possible to increase the amount of hydrogen generated without increasing the space.
- the hydrogen generator 55 described above can generate a sufficient amount of hydrogen with a small volume.
- a hydrogen generator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. Note that the same members as those shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the hydrogen generator 61 includes a solution container 62 as a fluid chamber in the reaction chamber 42 instead of the solution container 44 shown in FIG.
- the solution container 62 stores a reaction solution 51 (for example, malic acid aqueous solution).
- the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 62 are connected by a liquid feeding pipe 45 as a fluid supply path.
- the liquid feeding pipe 45 connects the reaction chamber 42 and the solution container 62 via the outside of the reaction chamber 42. Yes.
- the solution container 62 includes a cylinder 63 whose end (lower end) is open, and a piston plate 64 that is movably provided on the open end of the cylinder 63 (so-called syringe structure). .
- the movement of the piston plate 64 makes the capacity of the cylinder chamber 65 variable, and the reaction solution 51 is stored in the cylinder chamber 65.
- a compression spring 47 is provided between the piston plate 64 and the bottom wall of the reaction chamber 42, and the piston plate 64 is urged by the compression spring 47.
- reaction solution 51 Since the piston plate 64 of the solution container 62 is constantly pressed via the compression spring 47, the reaction solution 51 is removed from the cylinder chamber 65 of the solution container 62 when the reaction solution 51 flows through the liquid feeding pipe 45. Can be extruded.
- the reaction solution 51 is pushed out, the cylinder chamber 65 is pressed by the piston plate 64, so that the volume of the cylinder chamber 65 decreases, the volume of the solution container 62 decreases, and the volume of the reaction chamber 42 increases. Increase by minutes.
- reaction solution 51 is sent from reaction tube 45 to reaction chamber 42, reaction solution 51 and workpiece 43 come into contact with each other, increasing the volume. The hydrogen generation reaction takes place in the reaction chamber.
- reaction solution 51 can be stably supplied to the reaction chamber 42 by pressure without using power, and hydrogen can be generated. Also, the piston plate 64 can be urged to reduce the volume of the cylinder chamber 65 to change the volume of the solution container 62, and the pressure state of the pressure adjustment valve 53 can be maintained by pressurizing the solution container 62.
- the above-described hydrogen generator 61 can generate a sufficient amount of hydrogen with a small volume.
- FIG. 19 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cell facility according to the third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 20 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cell facility according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a fuel cell facility according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 19 to FIG. 20 the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- a fuel cell facility 70 according to a third embodiment will be described.
- a fuel cell facility 70 shown in FIG. 19 is a system in which a hydrogen generator 41 shown in FIG. 16 is connected to a fuel cell 71. That is, the fuel cell 71 is provided with an anode chamber 72, and the anode chamber 72 constitutes a space in contact with the anode chamber of the fuel cell 73.
- the anode chamber is a space that temporarily holds hydrogen consumed by the anode.
- the anode chamber 72 and the reaction chamber 42 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 50, and hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 42 is supplied to the anode chamber of the anode chamber 72.
- the hydrogen supplied to the anode chamber is consumed by the fuel cell reaction at the anode.
- the amount of hydrogen consumed at the anode is determined according to the output current of the fuel cell 71.
- the regulator 52 provided in the hydrogen conduit 50 shown in Fig. 16 is not attached because it does not need to be installed.
- the hydrogen generator 55 shown in FIG. 17 or the hydrogen generator 61 shown in FIG. 18 may be applied.
- the fuel cell facility 70 described above can be a fuel cell facility 70 including a hydrogen generator 41 capable of generating a sufficient amount of hydrogen in a small volume.
- a fuel cell facility 81 according to a fourth embodiment will be described.
- a fuel cell facility 81 shown in FIG. 20 includes a hydrogen generator 82 and a fuel cell 83, and the hydrogen generator 82 and the fuel cell 83 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 84.
- the hydrogen generator 82 includes a reaction chamber 85 as a reactant container, and a work 86 (for example, sodium borohydride) as a hydrogen generating reactant is stored in the reaction chamber 85.
- the reaction chamber 85 is provided with a solution container 87 as a fluid chamber, and a reaction solution 88 (for example, malic acid aqueous solution) as a reaction fluid is stored in the solution container 87.
- a temporary storage unit 89 is provided outside the reaction chamber 85, and the solution container 87 and the temporary storage unit 89 are connected via a supply pipe 90.
- the supply pipe 90 is provided with a pressure adjustment valve 95, and when the pressure on the supply pipe 90 side exceeds the predetermined pressure, the pressure adjustment valve 95 is opened and the reaction solution 88 is sent to the hour storage section 89.
- reference numeral 86 in the figure denotes an air intake port for taking in air for opening / closing operation of the pressure regulating valve 95.
- a discharge pipe 91 that opens into the reaction chamber 85 is connected to the temporary storage section 89, and a check valve 92 is provided in the discharge pipe 91.
- the check valve 92 allows the reaction solution 88 having a force on the side of the temporary storage portion 89 to flow through the discharge pipe 91, thereby preventing the reaction solution 88 from flowing back from the reaction chamber 85 side.
- the solution container 87 is a container of a flexible film (for example, polypropylene) bag-like member, and the reaction solution 88 is sent to the storage reservoir 89 and pressurized with hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 85. As a result, the volume of the solution container 87 is reduced. That is, As the reaction solution 88 is supplied from the solution container 87 to the reaction chamber 85, the volume of the solution container 87 decreases, and the volume of the reaction chamber 85 increases accordingly.
- a flexible film for example, polypropylene
- the fuel cell 83 is provided with an anode chamber 98, and the anode chamber 98 forms a space in contact with the anode chamber of the fuel cell 99.
- the anode chamber is a space for temporarily holding hydrogen consumed by the anode.
- the anode chamber 98 and the reaction chamber 85 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 84, and hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 85 is supplied to the anode chamber of the anode chamber 98.
- the hydrogen supplied to the anode chamber is consumed by the fuel cell reaction at the anode.
- the amount of hydrogen consumed at the anode is determined according to the output current of the fuel cell 83.
- reaction solution 88 moves to the reaction chamber 85, it contacts with the work 86 (sodium borohydride) to generate a hydrogen generation reaction.
- the generated hydrogen is supplied to the anode chamber 98 through the hydrogen conduit 84. Due to the generation of hydrogen, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85, the hydrogen conduit 84, and the anode chamber 98 rises from the atmospheric pressure, and the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85 rises higher than that of the temporary storage unit 89. For this reason, the backflow is prevented by the check valve 92 that forces the hydrogen to flow back through the discharge pipe 91.
- the solution container 87 is compressed by receiving the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85, and the reaction solution 88 stored in the solution container 87 moves from the supply pipe 90 to the pressure regulating valve 95.
- the pressure regulating valve 95 receives, for example, the pressure of the reaction solution 88 of lOkPa (gauge pressure) in the valve closing direction, and when the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85 exceeds lOkPa (gauge pressure), the reaction solution 88 The force in the valve opening direction is increased by the pressure, the pressure regulating valve 95 is opened, and the reaction solution 88 is supplied to the hour storage section 89.
- the internal pressures of the anode chamber 98, the hydrogen conduit 84, and the reaction chamber 85 begin to decrease. While the internal pressure is higher than 1 OkPa (gauge pressure), the pressure regulating valve 95 is open, so that the reaction solution 88 flows from the temporary storage part 89 into the solution container 87. When the internal pressure falls below lOkPa (gauge pressure), the pressure regulating valve 95 is closed, and the internal pressure of the temporary storage section 89 at this time is lOkPa (gauge pressure).
- the fuel cell facility 81 described above can be a fuel cell facility 81 including a hydrogen generator 82 that can generate a sufficient amount of hydrogen in a small volume.
- a fuel cell facility 101 according to a fifth embodiment will be described.
- the fuel cell equipment 101 shown in FIG. 21 includes a hydrogen generator 102 and a fuel cell 83, and the hydrogen generator 102 and the fuel cell 83 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 84.
- the hydrogen generator 102 includes a reaction chamber 85 as a reactant container, and a work 86 (for example, sodium borohydride) as a hydrogen generating reactant is stored in the reaction chamber 85.
- the reaction chamber 85 is provided with a solution container 87 as a fluid chamber.
- the solution container 87 includes a reaction solution 88 (for example, malic acid aqueous solution) as a reaction fluid. ) Is stored.
- a temporary storage unit 89 is provided outside the reaction chamber 85, and the solution container 87 and the temporary storage unit 89 are connected via a supply pipe 90.
- the supply pipe 90 is provided with a check valve 103.
- the check valve 103 allows the reaction solution 88 from the solution container 87 side to flow through the supply pipe 90 and prevents the reaction solution 88 from flowing back as much as possible in the temporary storage unit 89 side.
- the solution container 87 is pressurized by the hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 85, and the reaction solution 88 is sent to the hour storage unit 89 when the pressure from the supply pipe 90 exceeds the pressure of the temporary storage unit 89.
- a discharge pipe 91 that opens into the reaction chamber 85 is connected to the temporary storage section 89, and a pressure regulating valve 104 is provided in the discharge pipe 91.
- the pressure regulating valve 104 is opened, and the reaction solution 88 from the temporary reservoir 89 side can flow through the discharge pipe 91.
- the internal pressure of the temporary storage unit 89 is higher than the pressure that is pressurized by the reaction solution 88 sent and the pressure regulating valve opens (pressure exceeding the predetermined pressure value of the reaction chamber 85 for opening the pressure regulating valve 104)
- the reaction solution 88 is sent from the discharge pipe 91 to the reaction chamber 85 due to the internal pressure difference between the temporary storage part 89 and the reaction chamber 85.
- the reaction solution 88 and the work 86 come into contact with each other, and a hydrogen generation reaction occurs in the reaction chamber 85.
- the solution container 87 is a container of a flexible film (for example, polypropylene) bag-like member, and the reaction solution 88 is sent to the time storage unit 89 and pressurized with hydrogen generated in the reaction chamber 85. As a result, the volume of the solution container 87 is reduced. That is, as the reaction solution 88 is supplied from the solution container 87 to the reaction chamber 85, the volume of the solution container 87 decreases, and the volume of the reaction chamber 85 increases accordingly.
- a flexible film for example, polypropylene
- reaction solution 88 moves to the reaction chamber 85, it contacts with the work 86 (sodium borohydride) to generate a hydrogen generation reaction.
- the generated hydrogen is supplied to the anode chamber 98 through the hydrogen conduit 84. Due to the generation of hydrogen, the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85, the hydrogen conduit 84, and the anode chamber 98 rises from the atmospheric pressure, and the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85 rises higher than that of the temporary storage unit 89. For this reason, hydrogen tries to flow back through the discharge pipe 91, but the pressure control valve 104 prevents backflow.
- the solution container 87 is compressed by receiving the internal pressure of the reaction chamber 85, and the reaction solution 88 stored in the solution container 87 is supplied from the supply pipe 90 through the check valve 103 to the temporary storage unit 89. To be supplied.
- the fuel cell facility 101 described above can be a fuel cell facility 101 including a hydrogen generator 102 capable of generating a sufficient amount of hydrogen in a small volume.
- the complex hydride and the catalyst are contacted uniformly and efficiently,
- This is a fuel cell facility equipped with a hydrogen generator capable of generating hydrogen at a required rate and having high reaction efficiency and high hydrogen storage density.
- the present invention can be used, for example, in the industrial field of hydrogen generators that decompose metal hydrides to generate hydrogen and fuel cell equipment that uses hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generator as fuel.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/909,697 US7901818B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-03-24 | Hydrogen generator |
JP2007509358A JP4840781B2 (ja) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-03-24 | 水素発生方法及び水素発生装置及び燃料電池設備 |
EP06729978A EP1876140A4 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-03-24 | HYDROGEN FORMATION METHOD, HYDROGEN GENERATOR, AND FUEL CELL DEVICE |
US12/930,740 US8530102B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2011-01-14 | Hydrogen generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-089018 | 2005-03-25 | ||
JP2005089018 | 2005-03-25 | ||
JP2005284151 | 2005-09-29 | ||
JP2005-284151 | 2005-09-29 |
Related Child Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/909,697 A-371-Of-International US7901818B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-03-24 | Hydrogen generator |
US12/930,740 Continuation US8530102B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2011-01-14 | Hydrogen generator |
US12/930,740 Continuation-In-Part US8530102B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2011-01-14 | Hydrogen generator |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006101214A1 true WO2006101214A1 (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
Family
ID=37023863
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/306030 WO2006101214A1 (ja) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-03-24 | 水素発生方法及び水素発生装置及び燃料電池設備 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7901818B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1876140A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4840781B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006101214A1 (ja) |
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JP2007191379A (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Akane:Kk | 水素発生器及び水素発生器用容器 |
JP2008305609A (ja) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-12-18 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 液体残量検出装置、燃料電池、液体残量検出方法及び液体残量検出プログラム |
JP2009040625A (ja) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-26 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 水素発生装置及び燃料電池設備及び水素発生方法 |
JP2009046333A (ja) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-03-05 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 水素発生装置及び燃料電池システム |
JP2009184886A (ja) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-20 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 組成物、水素発生器、及び、燃料電池システム |
WO2010081942A1 (fr) | 2008-12-05 | 2010-07-22 | Alex Hr Roustaei | Piles ou micro piles a hydrogene avec un generateur d ' hydrogene |
JP2012234727A (ja) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-29 | Aquafairy Kk | 発電装置及び発電方法 |
US8470156B2 (en) | 2007-08-09 | 2013-06-25 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | Electrochemical process and production of novel complex hydrides |
JP2015011940A (ja) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-19 | アクアフェアリー株式会社 | 発電装置 |
JP2015505529A (ja) * | 2012-02-07 | 2015-02-23 | インテリジェント エナジー リミテッドIntelligent Energy Limited | ナトリウムシリサイドおよびナトリウムシリカゲル物質を利用する水素発生システムおよび方法 |
JP2015103426A (ja) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-06-04 | アクアフェアリー株式会社 | 発電装置 |
US9325030B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-04-26 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | High energy density battery based on complex hydrides |
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US9845239B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2017-12-19 | Intelligent Energy Limited | Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials |
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US8530102B2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2013-09-10 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Hydrogen generator |
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US20110020215A1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-27 | Ryu Wonhyoung | Chemical hydride formulation and system design for controlled generation of hydrogen |
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US9169976B2 (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2015-10-27 | Ardica Technologies, Inc. | Method of manufacture of a metal hydride fuel supply |
US8802769B2 (en) | 2012-01-05 | 2014-08-12 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Medium for the stabilization and utility of volatile or liquid hydrides of boron |
US10179733B2 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Metered acid acceleration of hydrogen generation using seawater as a reactant |
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Cited By (18)
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JP2007191379A (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Akane:Kk | 水素発生器及び水素発生器用容器 |
JP2008305609A (ja) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-12-18 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 液体残量検出装置、燃料電池、液体残量検出方法及び液体残量検出プログラム |
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US8470156B2 (en) | 2007-08-09 | 2013-06-25 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | Electrochemical process and production of novel complex hydrides |
JP2009046333A (ja) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-03-05 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 水素発生装置及び燃料電池システム |
JP2009184886A (ja) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-20 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 組成物、水素発生器、及び、燃料電池システム |
WO2010081942A1 (fr) | 2008-12-05 | 2010-07-22 | Alex Hr Roustaei | Piles ou micro piles a hydrogene avec un generateur d ' hydrogene |
US9669371B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2017-06-06 | Intelligent Energy Limited | Hydrogen generation systems utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials |
US9845239B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2017-12-19 | Intelligent Energy Limited | Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials |
JP2012234727A (ja) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-29 | Aquafairy Kk | 発電装置及び発電方法 |
JP2015505529A (ja) * | 2012-02-07 | 2015-02-23 | インテリジェント エナジー リミテッドIntelligent Energy Limited | ナトリウムシリサイドおよびナトリウムシリカゲル物質を利用する水素発生システムおよび方法 |
US9325030B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-04-26 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | High energy density battery based on complex hydrides |
JP2015011940A (ja) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-19 | アクアフェアリー株式会社 | 発電装置 |
JP2015103426A (ja) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-06-04 | アクアフェアリー株式会社 | 発電装置 |
CN110526210A (zh) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江高成绿能科技有限公司 | 一种可控的化学制氢反应装置 |
JP2022035006A (ja) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-03-04 | 泰弘 山本 | 水素の製造方法および水素の製造装置 |
JP7301799B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 | 2023-07-03 | 泰弘 山本 | 水素の製造方法および水素の製造装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080220297A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
EP1876140A1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
US7901818B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
JP4840781B2 (ja) | 2011-12-21 |
JPWO2006101214A1 (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
EP1876140A4 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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