WO2006085552A1 - フロートバス及びフロート成形方法 - Google Patents
フロートバス及びフロート成形方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006085552A1 WO2006085552A1 PCT/JP2006/302166 JP2006302166W WO2006085552A1 WO 2006085552 A1 WO2006085552 A1 WO 2006085552A1 JP 2006302166 W JP2006302166 W JP 2006302166W WO 2006085552 A1 WO2006085552 A1 WO 2006085552A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- float
- glass
- roof
- upper space
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
- C03B18/02—Forming sheets
- C03B18/20—Composition of the atmosphere above the float bath; Treating or purifying the atmosphere above the float bath
- C03B18/22—Controlling or regulating the temperature of the atmosphere above the float tank
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
- C03B18/02—Forming sheets
- C03B18/20—Composition of the atmosphere above the float bath; Treating or purifying the atmosphere above the float bath
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/03—Electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention is for producing a glass plate suitable for float forming a glass having a viscosity of 10 4 poise (hereinafter, this temperature is referred to as a molding temperature) higher than soda lime silica glass.
- the present invention relates to a float bath and such a float forming method.
- the float bath is a huge molten tin bath, and the upper space of the molten tin (the space covered with norevs) is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a roof brick layer, which is provided in the roof brick layer.
- a large number of heaters (usually SiC heaters) are installed through the holes. These heaters are connected to the bus bar via an aluminum strap, for example, placed in the space above the roof brick layer with an electric wire. The atmosphere is heated.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Edited by Masayuki Yamane et al., “Glass Engineering Handbook”, first edition, Asakura Shoten Co., Ltd., 1 July 999, p. 358-362
- an alkali-free glass with a molding temperature of 100 ° C or higher compared to soda lime silica glass will be formed into a glass plate using the float bath or float method established for soda lime silica glass. Then various problems occur.
- One such problem is an increase in the ambient temperature of the upper space (hereinafter simply referred to as the upper space) as described below.
- an electric wiring member such as a bus bar, an electric wire, etc.
- a heater end portion other than a heater power supply portion and a heater power supply portion to which a strap for supplying power to the heater is attached
- Etc. exist in the upper space.
- the highest temperature is the flat mesh strap made of aluminum that is directly attached to the heater power supply part, where the temperature is high due to heat conduction from the heater heating part in the lower space.
- the upper space ambient temperature T is normally controlled so as not to exceed 300 ° C.
- the upper limit temperature of the upper space atmosphere T, 300 ° C guarantees that no strap damage will occur for a long period of time, for example 10 years, based on experience and experience gained from applying the float method to soda-lime silica glass over many years. Yes Established as temperature.
- the temperature of the strap is lowered by removing heat from the surface of the heater end by the atmospheric gas generated. Note that the atmospheric gas is emptied upward from a hole provided on the top surface of the roof casing. Introduced in between, after cooling the electrical wiring members, etc., it flows into the lower space through the holes in the roof brick layer to prevent oxidation of molten tin.
- the demands on the characteristics of the glass used for the substrate are becoming higher, and the power for developing a glass capable of responding to the demand is increasing.
- the molding temperature of such glass is higher.
- the upper space ambient temperature T becomes higher. Therefore, when float-forming glass for TFT-LCD substrates, the volume flow rate V is increased as the upper space ambient temperature T rises.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a float bath and a float forming method capable of solving such problems.
- the present invention has a bottom on which molten tin is given and a roof covering the bottom, and the space in the roof is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a roof brick layer, and the roof
- a float bath in which a heater is installed through a hole provided in a brick layer, and the heater end located in the upper space has a power supply unit to which a strap for supplying power to the heater is attached.
- the surface area of the power feeding part and the emissivity is ⁇ ,
- the heater end must be configured so that S '- ⁇ + S'- ⁇ ⁇ 3630mm 2 where the surface area of the heater end other than the power feeding section is ⁇ and the emissivity is ⁇ .
- a float bath is provided.
- the power supply section has an emissivity ⁇ of 0.7 or more, and
- a float bath characterized in that the emissivity ⁇ of the part other than the electric part is 1 ⁇ 0.
- the float bath is characterized in that the heater is made of silicon carbide (SiC), the surface of the power feeding part is metallized with aluminum, and the strap is made of aluminum. provide.
- the float bath is characterized in that the heater is formed in a cylindrical shape and has an outer diameter of 23 to 50 mm.
- the molten glass is continuously poured onto the molten tin from one end of the float bath, the glass is formed into a glass ribbon on the molten tin, and the glass ribbon is formed on the float bath.
- a float forming method characterized by continuously drawing from one end.
- the present inventor has reached the present invention through the following process.
- Alkali-free glass AN635 (trade name of Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., molding temperature: 1210 ° C) has been used for a long time as TFT-LCD glass.
- AN100 (trade name of Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., molding temperature: 1268 ° C) was developed as an alkali glass.
- the load per unit area of the heater became too large, and it proved difficult for long-term stable production. did.
- Even if the volumetric flow rate V is increased within a range where the possibility of an increase in the top specks that reduce the same load on the heater does not increase significantly,
- the temperature T decreased only to 320 ° C, and it was found that it is not preferable to produce AN100 for a long time using this float bath.
- the present inventor pays attention to the heat dissipation performance of the heater, and efficiently dissipates heat from the surface of the end of the heater so as to prevent the strap from being overheated even when the upper space ambient temperature T rises. I made it. That is, the upper space atmosphere temperature T has increased by 20 ° C by improving the surface area of the heater end and the emissivity of the surface of the heater end (for example, from 300 ° C to 320 ° C) Heater end temperature T is increased and upper space ambient temperature T is increased
- the heater is formed of silicon carbide (SiC) in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the length of the heater end located in the upper space is 46 mm. And
- the feed section is 40 mm long from the end of the heater end, and the surface is metallized with aluminum by impregnating the aluminum with SiC.
- the feed section is made of an aluminum flat mesh wire.
- a strap is attached, and the part other than the power feeding part (hereinafter referred to as the non-power feeding part) at the end of the heater is provided with a length of 6 mm with SiC exposed.
- the radiation rate of the carbon paste exhibiting characteristics very close to those of a black body with respect to the surface radiation rate of the power feeding part (with the strap attached; the same applies hereinafter in the calculation) and the non-power feeding part of the heater.
- the non-feeding part exposed with SiC is 1.0.
- the emissivity of the surface of the power feeding portion and the non-power feeding portion of the heater was calculated as follows.
- each test piece heated to 300 ° C was taken out of the electric heating furnace, and immediately after that (within 30 seconds) an infrared thermal imaging device (NEC Sanei Co., Ltd. Thermotracer TH3104MR) was used. Measure the surface temperature.
- the emissivity of the specimen a coated with carbon paste is 1.0, the specimen 1), the specimen with the strap attached, and the specimen with the exposed SiC d
- the emissivity is calculated by the following formula (A).
- T is the surface temperature (° C) of the test piece coated with carbon paste
- T is the test piece with metallization, test piece with strap attached, or test piece with SiC exposed d
- ⁇ is the emissivity of the metallized specimen 1), strap-attached specimen or SiC-exposed specimen d, and from equation (A), specimen, c
- the emissivity ⁇ of d is 0.7, 0.7, and 1.0, respectively.
- This calculation model is a heat balance model of the upper space 20. Heat input to upper space 20 Q
- Equation (2) the heat input Q from the non-power feeding portion of the heater is expressed by Equation (2).
- S is the surface area of the feeding portion of the heater
- S is the surface area of the non-feeding portion of the heater
- ⁇ is the emissivity of the power feeding part of the heater
- ⁇ is the emissivity of the non-feeding part of the heater
- ⁇ is the nore k n
- h is the heat transfer coefficient due to radiation
- T is the temperature at the end of the heater.
- Heat dissipation Q from the part (hereinafter referred to as the wall surface part) to the outside world and the upper space 20
- Q is the amount of heat Q that is consumed to raise the temperature of the ambient gas supplied, and Q is the ambient temperature T
- the area A of the wall surface part and the overall heat transfer coefficient h are expressed by the following equation (4).
- Q is the equation (5) outg r a g g g using T, T, volumetric flow rate V of atmospheric gas, density p, specific heat C
- Formula (10) is obtained by rearranging Formula (8) and Formula (9).
- the temperature at the end of the heater (T) at 320 ° C) depends on the structure and operation of the roof of the float bath.
- the rate ⁇ 1.0.
- the surface areas S and S of the power feeding part and the non-power feeding part of the heater refer to the surface area of the n kn outer surface (outer peripheral surface and protruding end surface) of the heater.
- Equation (9) T is replaced with ⁇ to obtain Equation (11).
- Equation (12) is obtained from Equation (8) and Equation (11).
- the heater end at the upper space ambient temperature T 320 ° C
- a high-viscosity glass whose lifetime of equipment is remarkably shortened or that a top spec is likely to be generated or increased when the float forming is performed using a conventional float bath is obtained. Float molding can be performed so as not to increase such a fear.
- FIG. 1 is a calculation model showing the heat balance of the upper space.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a float bath according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the float bath in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing a cross section (part) of a float bath according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the float bath 10 has a bottom 12 on which molten tin 11 is given and a roof 14 covering the bottom 12.
- the maximum width of molten tin 11 is typically:! ⁇ 1 Om.
- the roof 14 is composed of a steel roof casing 19 in which an upper structure (not shown) such as a beam of a building in which the float bath 10 is installed is suspended, and a lining of a lower portion of the roof casing 19 A heat insulating brick side wall 15 and a steel box-shaped side seal 13 mounted on the edge of the bottom 12 are provided.
- the space in the roof 14 is divided into an upper space 20 and a lower space 21 by the roof brick layer 16.
- the roof brick layer 16 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped on a large number of silimanite support tiles (not shown) and a lattice frame on which rail tiles (not shown) are orthogonally crossed. In which a combination brick block is placed.
- the support tile is suspended from a ceiling portion of the roof casing 19 by a member called a hanger (not shown). That is, the roof brick layer 16 is horizontally held at a desired height above the molten tin 11 by the hanger.
- the side surface of the roof brick layer 16 is in contact with the upper portion of the side surface of the sidewall 15, and the upper surface of the roof brick layer 16 is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the sidewall 15.
- the roof brick layer 16 is formed with a hole 17 through which the heater 18 is installed.
- the thickness of the roof brick layer 16 is conventionally about 292 mm.
- bus bars 22 are arranged in parallel, and are connected to the heater 18 via electric wires 23 and a flat mesh-like strap 24 made of aluminum.
- Heater 1 8 is usually made of SiC, and the lower ends of the three pieces are connected by a connecting member 25 to form a unit.
- the end portions of these heaters 18 are metallized on the surface by impregnation with aluminum, and the strap 24 is attached by the force 41, and the power supply portion 18A.
- the non-feeding part 18 B whose surface is not metallized and the SiC is exposed.
- the feeding part 18A and the non-feeding part 18B protrude above the roof brick layer 16 (that is, the upper space 20).
- the heater 18 has 18C located below the 18B and located in the hole 17 (18A, 18B, and 18C are non-heating parts), and a heating part 18D protruding below the lower space 21 and located below the 18C.
- a through hole is formed in the heater 18 near the boundary between 18B and 18C, and the heater 18 is suspended from the roof brick layer 16 by a mounting pin 51 inserted into the through hole.
- the outer diameter L of the heater 18 is preferably 23mm to 50mm.
- the 8A and the non-feeding portion 18B are formed with lengths L and L, respectively.
- the power feeding portion 18A of the heater 18 may be impregnated with aluminum to metallize the surface in consideration of a reduction in contact resistance with a strap attached to the power feeding portion.
- the strap is preferably in the form of a flat mesh that is preferably made of aluminum.
- the emissivity ⁇ of the power supply section 18A to which the strap is attached is 0.7 as described above.
- the emissivity ⁇ of the power supply 18A is the radiation of the other metal k
- SiC is exposed in the non-feeding portion 18B of the heater 18, so that the emissivity ⁇ of the non-feeding portion 18B is 1.0 as described above, but less than 1.0.
- a carbon paste is applied to the surface of the non-feeding part 18B.
- Unpowered It is preferable that the emissivity ⁇ ⁇ of the part 18B is equivalent to 1.0.
- carbon paste can be applied to the power feeding section 18A and the strap as long as there is no problem with the power feeding structure, and the radiation rate of the power feeding section to which the strap is attached can be set to 0.7 or more.
- the non-feeding part should be 18B length L ⁇ 13.9 mm (1089/25 7i).
- the circumferential average distance of the gap between the inner surface of the hole 17 of the roof brick layer 16 and the 18C located in the hole 17 is generally 20 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less. It is more preferable that the portion whose distance is 20 mm or less is 80% or more of the depth of the hole 17, more preferably 100%.
- atmospheric gas (mixed gas of N and H) is supplied to the upper space 20 from the supply port 26 of the roof casing 19 as shown by the arrow, and the gap between the holes 17 and 18C is formed. Pass
- the flow rate of the atmospheric gas used in this case can be set so as not to cause an increase in top spec.
- glass having a forming temperature (temperature at which the viscosity becomes 10 4 poise) of 1100 ° C. or higher can be float formed using such a float bath 10. That is, the glass melted in a glass melting furnace or the like is transferred from a well-known spur trip (not shown in FIG. 2, for example, on the back side) located on one end (upstream end) of the float bath 10. Pour continuously into. The molten glass continuously poured onto the molten tin 11 is formed into a glass ribbon 27 having a desired shape by a known method.
- the glass ribbon 27 is continuously drawn out from the float bath 10 by a lift-out roller (lifting roller) located adjacent to the other end (downstream end) of the float bath 10.
- the glass ribbon 27 is typically drawn continuously at a speed of:! To 200 tons Z days.
- the glass ribbon drawn out by the lift-out roller is gradually cooled in a layer (slow cooling kiln), and then After that, it is cut into a desired size to obtain a glass plate.
- a layer slow cooling kiln
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate modifications, improvements, and the like are possible.
- the bottom, roof, roof brick layer, upper space, and lower space exemplified in the above-described embodiment.
- the material, shape, dimensions, form, number, arrangement location, thickness, etc. of the heater, atmospheric gas, temperature, draw-out amount, float bath member are arbitrary as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the high-viscosity glass is not limited to glass for TFT-LCD substrates, and may be glass for plasma display panel substrates, for example.
- the float bath of the present invention may be used for float forming of soda lime glass, for example, using only high viscosity glass.
- a high-viscosity glass whose lifetime of equipment is remarkably shortened or that there is a risk of occurrence or increase of the top spec when using a conventional float bath. Float molding can be performed so as not to increase such a fear.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112006000285T DE112006000285B4 (de) | 2005-02-10 | 2006-02-08 | Floatbad und Floatformatverfahren |
CN2006800045612A CN101115687B (zh) | 2005-02-10 | 2006-02-08 | 浮法槽和浮法成形方法 |
US11/836,388 US20080028795A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 | 2007-08-09 | Float bath and float forming method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-034669 | 2005-02-10 | ||
JP2005034669A JP2006219341A (ja) | 2005-02-10 | 2005-02-10 | フロートバス及びフロート成形方法 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/836,388 Continuation US20080028795A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 | 2007-08-09 | Float bath and float forming method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006085552A1 true WO2006085552A1 (ja) | 2006-08-17 |
Family
ID=36793123
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/302166 WO2006085552A1 (ja) | 2005-02-10 | 2006-02-08 | フロートバス及びフロート成形方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080028795A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2006219341A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101010882B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101115687B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006000285B4 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200640810A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006085552A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2377821A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Float glass manufacturing apparatus and float glass manufacturing method |
EP2397447A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Glass plate manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method, and glass plate |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008041661B4 (de) * | 2008-08-28 | 2011-12-08 | Schott Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flachglas und Floatbadvorrichtung |
KR101377539B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-20 | 2014-03-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유리판 제조용 플로트 배스, 플로트 유리 성형 방법, 및 플로트 배스에 배리어를 시공하는 방법 |
KR101377542B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-01 | 2014-03-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유리판 제조용 플로트 배스 및 플로트 유리 성형 방법 |
KR101377541B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-01 | 2014-03-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유리판 제조용 플로트 배스 및 플로트 유리 성형 방법 |
JP6157099B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-07 | 2017-07-05 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | ガラス・樹脂複合構造体及びその製造方法 |
US9714188B2 (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2017-07-25 | Corning Incorporated | Ion exchangeable glasses with high crack initiation threshold |
JP2016098160A (ja) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-05-30 | 旭硝子株式会社 | フロートガラス製造装置、およびフロートガラス製造方法 |
JP2021151946A (ja) | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-30 | Agc株式会社 | フロートガラス製造装置、及びフロートガラス製造方法 |
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JPS5272142U (ja) * | 1975-11-25 | 1977-05-30 | ||
JPS56147389A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-16 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Ceramic heater |
JPS58182290U (ja) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-05 | タイガー魔法瓶株式会社 | 加熱器 |
JPS5990195U (ja) * | 1982-12-08 | 1984-06-19 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 発熱体用編組線 |
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JPH11242990A (ja) * | 1998-02-24 | 1999-09-07 | Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd | U型及びw型炭化けい素発熱体 |
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US3146340A (en) * | 1961-08-21 | 1964-08-25 | Baird Atomic Inc | Heating devices |
US3520979A (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1970-07-21 | Penelectro Ltd | Electrode circuit for hex electric furnace |
US3948630A (en) * | 1974-10-15 | 1976-04-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Guide for use in apparatus for manufacturing flat glass |
US4322236A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-03-30 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Float glass forming chamber having low profile roof |
US4340411A (en) * | 1981-01-05 | 1982-07-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Float glass forming chamber with auxiliary heating modules |
SE524966C2 (sv) * | 2002-04-05 | 2004-11-02 | Sandvik Ab | Rörformat elektriskt motståndselement |
EP1702894A4 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2009-08-26 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | FLOAT BATH AND FLOAT MANUFACTURING METHOD |
-
2005
- 2005-02-10 JP JP2005034669A patent/JP2006219341A/ja active Pending
-
2006
- 2006-02-08 CN CN2006800045612A patent/CN101115687B/zh active Active
- 2006-02-08 KR KR1020077018319A patent/KR101010882B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-02-08 DE DE112006000285T patent/DE112006000285B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-08 WO PCT/JP2006/302166 patent/WO2006085552A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-02-09 TW TW095104429A patent/TW200640810A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2007
- 2007-08-09 US US11/836,388 patent/US20080028795A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5272142U (ja) * | 1975-11-25 | 1977-05-30 | ||
JPS56147389A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-16 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Ceramic heater |
JPS58182290U (ja) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-05 | タイガー魔法瓶株式会社 | 加熱器 |
JPS5990195U (ja) * | 1982-12-08 | 1984-06-19 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 発熱体用編組線 |
JPH0561992U (ja) * | 1991-11-27 | 1993-08-13 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 電熱ヒーター |
JPH11242990A (ja) * | 1998-02-24 | 1999-09-07 | Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd | U型及びw型炭化けい素発熱体 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2377821A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Float glass manufacturing apparatus and float glass manufacturing method |
EP2397447A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Glass plate manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method, and glass plate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112006000285B4 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
CN101115687A (zh) | 2008-01-30 |
US20080028795A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
KR101010882B1 (ko) | 2011-01-25 |
CN101115687B (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
KR20070100971A (ko) | 2007-10-15 |
TW200640810A (en) | 2006-12-01 |
DE112006000285T5 (de) | 2008-02-07 |
TWI343365B (ja) | 2011-06-11 |
JP2006219341A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
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