WO2006068216A1 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006068216A1 WO2006068216A1 PCT/JP2005/023584 JP2005023584W WO2006068216A1 WO 2006068216 A1 WO2006068216 A1 WO 2006068216A1 JP 2005023584 W JP2005023584 W JP 2005023584W WO 2006068216 A1 WO2006068216 A1 WO 2006068216A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- refractive index
- display device
- hydrolyzate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
- G02F1/1395—Optically compensated birefringence [OCB]- cells or PI- cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133538—Polarisers with spatial distribution of the polarisation direction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/02—Number of plates being 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a CB mode liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention relates to an OCB mode liquid crystal display device that is excellent in antireflection even under strong external light, has a high contrast ratio, and has excellent visibility.
- the present invention also relates to a reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention is excellent in antireflection and scratch resistance, prevents a decrease in contrast when the screen is viewed from an oblique direction without deteriorating the image characteristics of the front direction force, and is viewed from any direction.
- the present invention also relates to a reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device having good black display quality and having a uniform and high contrast.
- a liquid crystal display device is used as a display of a portable electronic device because it is thin and lightweight. Since portable electronic devices are usually battery-powered, reducing power consumption is an important issue. Therefore, as a liquid crystal display device for portable use, a transflective or reflective liquid crystal display device that does not use a backlight that consumes a large amount of power, or is a low-power consumption type that is not always used, is thin and lightweight, and is particularly focused. Has been.
- a reflection type liquid crystal display device displays an image by taking in external light from a display surface and reflecting it with a reflector on the back of the liquid crystal panel.
- the transflective liquid crystal display device uses a transflective plate having a property of transmitting a part of incident light instead of the reflective plate, and includes a backlight.
- a reflective type reflective mode
- transmissive type transparent mode
- Reflective or transflective liquid crystal display devices are also required to be colored and have high definition and high display quality, which efficiently captures light and improves brightness, and prevents white blurring due to light leakage. It is essential to improve the contrast. Even if these improvements are made, a part of the light incident from the outside is reflected on the surface of the display device, the display screen is glazed, and the display quality is inevitably deteriorated due to reflection.
- a liquid crystal display device in the CB (Optically Compensated Birefringence) mode is a display device that uses the bend alignment of nematic liquid crystal.
- OCB mode liquid crystal display devices can handle moving images with a fast response speed, and if an ideal compensation method is obtained, a wider viewing angle than conventional liquid crystal display devices may be obtained. I'm hiding. For this reason, the OCB mode liquid crystal display device is expected to have high potential as a high-performance display device.
- the OCB mode liquid crystal display device requires a compensation plate for color compensation and viewing angle compensation.
- O The CB mode liquid crystal cell is a system that displays black and white or its halftone depending on the degree of bend alignment, so lettering occurs when viewed from the front in any state. The contrast ratio cannot be obtained.
- a color compensator capable of canceling out the in-plane letter pattern of the liquid crystal cell during black display is required.
- the OCB mode liquid crystal display device uses an anisotropic liquid crystal material and a polarizer, even when a good display is obtained when viewed from the front, the display performance is viewed from an oblique direction. There is a problem of viewing angle that decreases. For this reason, a viewing angle compensator is required to improve display performance.
- the director (optical axis) of the liquid crystal molecules in order to keep the bend alignment stable, the director (optical axis) of the liquid crystal molecules must be at a large angle on the average with respect to the electrode substrate.
- the refractive index distribution is smaller in the in-plane direction, which is larger in the cell thickness direction. Therefore, a compensation plate that can cancel this anisotropy and has a negative uniaxial structure in which the refractive index in the film thickness direction is smaller than the refractive index in the in-plane direction is effective.
- a compensation plate capable of simultaneously performing color compensation and viewing angle compensation has lettering in the plane and a refractive index in the thickness direction smaller than the refractive index in the plane.
- the use of axially stretched films has been proposed.
- a biaxially stretched film may not achieve sufficient compensation depending on the orientation when viewed from an oblique direction. This is because the director of the liquid crystal in the cell, S, continuously changes in the film thickness direction, so that optical rotatory dispersion occurs for light traveling obliquely.
- the biaxially stretched film does not change the refractive index in the thickness direction, the effect of optical rotation dispersion cannot be counteracted by the biaxially stretched film.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-327822 discloses a discotic liquid crystal alignment mode.
- a fixed liquid crystal optical film whose director is a discotic liquid crystal and has an angle of 60 ° to 90 ° with the final plane on one side of the film.
- a compensation film for a liquid crystal display element having a hybrid orientation with an angle of 0 ° to 50 ° has been proposed.
- JP-A-9-197397 (US Pat. No. 5,805,253) includes an optically anisotropic layer comprising a transparent support and a compound having a discotic structural unit provided thereon,
- the disc surface of the discotic structural unit of the optical anisotropic layer is inclined with respect to the transparent support surface, and the angle formed by the disc surface of the discotic structural unit and the transparent support surface is the depth of the optical anisotropic layer.
- the transparent support has an optical axis in the normal direction of the transparent support surface, and the following condition: 20 ⁇ ⁇ (n + n) / 2 -n ⁇ X d ⁇ 400 (where n and n represent the in-plane principal refractive index, and n is the thickness direction
- D represents the thickness in terms of nm of the support
- a compensation sheet has been proposed. However, even if these improvements are made, a part of the light incident from the outside is reflected on the surface of the display device, and the display screen glare, and the display quality is deteriorated due to the reflection.
- a method of providing an antireflection film by a method such as an antiglare treatment or an antireflection treatment is known.
- an antireflection film composed of a plurality of inorganic oxides has been reported (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication Nos. 2000-47187 and 2001-74910).
- this antireflection treatment has the ability to color the reflected light blue-purple.
- this antireflection film is combined with a convex antiglare layer (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-318383).
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-318383 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-8-327822
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-197397
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-47187
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-74910
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-318383
- An object of the present invention is to provide a CB mode liquid crystal display device having excellent antireflection properties, high contrast ratio, excellent visibility, and excellent scratch resistance even under strong external light. It is to be. Another object of the present invention is to prevent the scattering of light to the rear without deteriorating the image characteristics from the front direction so that the contrast of the screen is not lowered and the image is reflected on the screen from any direction. It is to provide a reflection type or semi-transmission type liquid crystal display device having no
- the present inventor includes an OCB mode liquid crystal cell, a pair of upper and lower polarizers sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, at least one optical compensator provided between any one of the polarizers and the liquid crystal cell, And an antireflective film comprising a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less on the side farther from the liquid crystal cell of the output side polarizer and comprising a cured silicone film containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles,
- the optical compensator has an in-plane letter Re, and the refractive index changes in the thickness direction where the average refractive index in the thickness direction is smaller than the average refractive index in the surface.
- the inventors have found that the image can be viewed with high contrast even under strong external light, has a wide viewing angle, and is excellent in scratch resistance. Based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.
- the inventor has a reflective or transflective liquid crystal cell, an optical anisotropic body, and an exit side polarizer, and the optical anisotropic body has an in-plane letter value (Re (550) measured at a wavelength of 550 nm. )) And the in-plane letter value (Re (450)) measured at a wavelength of 450 nm.
- Re (450) / Re (550) is 1.007 or less, which is far from the liquid crystal cell of the exit side polarizer.
- a liquid crystal display device comprising an antireflection film having a laminate strength comprising a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less, comprising a silicone cured film containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles. From the direction, it was confirmed that the image was not reflected on the screen, had a uniform and high contrast, and had an excellent antireflection effect. Based on this knowledge, the present invention was completed.
- the exit-side polarizer includes an antireflection film on the far side of the liquid crystal cell force
- the antireflection film is a laminate including a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less and having a silicone cured coating force containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles,
- the optical compensator is provided between the exit-side polarizer and the liquid crystal cell or between the incident-side polarizer and the liquid crystal cell, has an in-plane letter Re, and has a thickness direction.
- a liquid crystal display device in which the refractive index changes in the thickness direction where the average refractive index is smaller than the in-plane average refractive index.
- the low refractive index layer comprises hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, at least one of the following hydrolyzate (A) and the following copolymer hydrolyzate (B), and the following hydrolyzable onoleganosilane (C).
- a copolymer hydrolyzate obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- (C) A hydrolyzable organosilane having a water repellent group in the straight chain portion and having two or more silicon atoms bonded to an alkoxy group in the molecule.
- the low refractive index layer comprises a rehydrolyzate obtained by hydrolyzing the hydrolyzate (A) in a state where hollow fine particles or porous fine particles are mixed with the hydrolyzate (A), and the following copolymer.
- the liquid according to [1] which is a cured film of a coating material composition comprising the hydrolyzate (B).
- a copolymer hydrolyzate obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- the coating material composition comprises (a) porous fine particles obtained by mixing an alkyl silicate, a solvent, water and a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, followed by hydrolysis polymerization and removing the solvent in the next step; or (b) an alkyl Hydrolysis polymerization by mixing silicate, solvent, water and hydrolysis polymerization catalyst
- Hydrolyzate (A) is a hydrolyzable organosilane represented by SiX (X is
- a decomposable group with an acid catalyst and water in a molar ratio [H0] / [X] of 1.0 to 5.0
- the liquid crystal display device which contains a partially hydrolyzed product or a fully hydrolyzed product having a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or more obtained by hydrolysis under the following conditions.
- the antireflection film has a reflectivity at an incident angle of 5 degrees on the surface thereof of 1.4% or less at a wavelength of 430 to 7 OOnm and 0.7 at a wavelength of 550 nm. /.
- a reflective or transflective liquid crystal cell, an optical anisotropic body, and an output-side polarizer, and the optical anisotropic body has an in-plane letter value measured at a wavelength of 550 nm (Re (550 )) And the in-plane letter value (Re (450)) measured at a wavelength of 450 nm: Re (450) / Re (550) is 1.007 or less,
- the output-side polarizer includes an antireflection film on the surface on the side far from the liquid crystal cell force, and the antireflection film has a low refractive index of 1.37 or less, which is a silicone-cured coating force including hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- a liquid crystal display device which is a laminate comprising a refractive index layer. [15] The low refractive index layer comprises hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, at least one of the following hydrolyzate (A) and the following copolymer hydrolyzate (B), and the following hydrolyzable organosilane (C).
- the liquid crystal display device according to the above [14] which is a cured film of a coating material composition comprising the same.
- a copolymer hydrolyzate obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- (C) A hydrolyzable organosilane having a water repellent group in the straight chain portion and having two or more silicon atoms bonded to an alkoxy group in the molecule.
- R 2 is an alkyl group, and n is an integer of 2 to 200.
- the low refractive index layer includes hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, at least one of the following hydrolyzate (A) and the following copolymer hydrolyzate (B), and the following silicone diol (D).
- a copolymer hydrolyzate obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- the low refractive index layer comprises a rehydrolysate obtained by hydrolyzing the hydrolyzate (A) in a state where hollow fine particles or porous fine particles are mixed with the hydrolyzate (A), and the following copolymerization additive.
- Copolymerized hydrolyzate with water-decomposable onoleganosilane is Copolymerized hydrolyzate with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- the coating material composition comprises: (a) porous fine particles obtained by mixing an alkyl silicate, a solvent, water and a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, followed by hydrolysis polymerization, and then removing the solvent by drying; ) Aggregate average particle size obtained by removing the solvent by drying from the organosilica sol, which was hydrolyzed by mixing alkyl silicate, solvent, water and hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, and stabilized by stopping the polymerization before Gelich.
- Hydrolyzate (A) is a hydrolyzable organosilane represented by SiX (X is hydrolyzed) A decomposable group) in the presence of an acid catalyst and an amount of water with a molar ratio [H0] / [X] of 1 ⁇ 0 to 5 ⁇ 0.
- the liquid crystal display device which contains a partially hydrolyzed product or a fully hydrolyzed product having a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or more obtained by hydrolysis in the presence.
- the antireflection film has a reflectance power wavelength of 430 nm to 700 nm at an incident angle of 5 °.
- the liquid crystal display device according to [14] which is not more than% and not more than 0.7% at a wavelength of 550 nm. Is provided.
- the optical compensation plate is provided between the polarizer and the OCB mode liquid crystal cell, and the optical compensation plate has in-plane letter retardation.
- the in-plane letter decision of the liquid crystal cell during black display can be canceled and color compensation can be performed.
- the average refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical compensation plate is smaller than the in-plane average refractive index and the refractive index changes in the thickness direction, thereby canceling the anisotropy of the liquid crystal cell, and in the oblique direction.
- the OCB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention has an antireflection film provided on the far side from the liquid crystal cell of the output side polarizer, and the antireflection film contains hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the OC B mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a display device that is used under strong external light due to a lot of dust for mopile and in-vehicle use. It is suitable as.
- the reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises an optical anisotropic body having a specific in-plane letter characteristic, and hollow fine particles or porous fine particles provided on a side far from the liquid crystal cell of the output side polarizer. Combined with an anti-reflective coating with a low refractive index layer that has a cured silicone coating, it has excellent viewing resistance with a wide viewing angle, no reflections, and good black display quality from any direction. , Homogeneous and high contrast.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be suitably used as a display for a portable information terminal such as a personal computer, a cellular phone, a portable video game machine, or an electronic notebook.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a CB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- the reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a reflective or transflective liquid crystal sensor, an output-side polarizer, and an optical anisotropic body, and the optical anisotropic body has a wavelength of 550 nm. Ratio of measured in-plane letter value (Re (550)) to in-plane letter value measured at a wavelength of 450 nm (Re (450)) Re (450) / Re (550) is less than 1.007 Yes
- the exit-side polarizer includes an antireflection film on the surface on the far side of the liquid crystal cell force, and the antireflection film has a refractive index of 1.37 or less, which is a silicone cured coating force including hollow fine particles or porous fine particles. It is a laminate comprising layers.
- the liquid crystal cell constituting the reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a liquid crystallinity between a transparent electrode substrate having no reflective function and a transparent electrode substrate having a reflective function over the entire surface or a part thereof.
- the compound is encapsulated.
- a substrate having a reflective function is used over the entire surface, a reflective liquid crystal display device can be obtained, and when a substrate having a reflective function is used in part, a transflective liquid crystal display device can be obtained.
- a reflector is usually used to provide a reflection function. Metal plates are preferred as reflectors. If the surface of the reflector is smooth, only the regular reflection component is reflected and the viewing angle is reduced. For this reason, it is preferable to introduce a concavo-convex structure (see Patent No. 2756206) on the surface of the reflector. In the case of a transflective liquid crystal display device, it can be composed of a region that transmits light and a region that reflects light.
- the reflective or transflective liquid crystal cell used in the present invention is not particularly limited by the type of liquid crystal compound to be encapsulated, the method of operating the liquid crystal compound, and the like.
- TN Transmission Nematic Method
- STN Super Twisted Nematic
- ECB Electro cally Controlled Birefringence
- IPs In- Plane Switcnmg
- VA Vertical Alignment
- ⁇ CB Optically Compensated Birefringenc e
- HAN Hybrid Aligned Nematic
- ASM Analy Symmetric
- Aligned Microcell Aligned Microcell
- various methods such as a halftone gray scale method, a domain division method, a display method using a ferroelectric liquid crystal and an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.
- the output side polarizer used in the present invention can extract linearly polarized light from natural light.
- iodine-type polarizers there are iodine-type polarizers, dye-type polarizers using dichroic dyes, and polyene-type polarizers.
- iodine-based polarizers and dye-based polarizers are manufactured using polybulal alcohol-based films.
- the polarizer is not particularly limited by its manufacturing method. As a method of manufacturing a PVA polarizer, iodine ions are adsorbed on a PVA film and then uniaxially stretched. After the PVA film is uniaxially stretched, iodine ions are extracted.
- Adsorption method iodine ion adsorption to PVA film and uniaxial stretching at the same time, PVA film dyed with dichroic dye and then uniaxially stretched, after PVA film is uniaxially stretched
- Examples include a method of adsorbing with a dichroic dye and a method of simultaneously dyeing a PVA film with a dichroic dye and uniaxial stretching.
- Polyethylene polarizers can be produced by stretching a PVA film uniaxially and then heating and dehydrating in the presence of a dehydration catalyst, or by stretching a polyvinyl chloride film uniaxially and then a dehydrochlorination catalyst. There may be mentioned known methods such as heating and dehydrating under the method.
- the thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferable to use a polarizer having a thickness of 5 to 80 zm.
- the exit-side polarizer is usually provided on the transparent electrode substrate side, which does not have a liquid crystal cell reflecting function.
- an incident side polarizer is further provided on the transparent electrode substrate side having a reflection function of the liquid crystal cell, and the liquid crystal cell is disposed between the output side polarizer and the incident side polarizer.
- the incident side polarizer has the same function and configuration as the output side polarizer.
- the transmission axis of the exit-side polarizer and the transmission axis of the entrance-side polarizer are arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular.
- protective films are provided on both sides of a polarizer.
- the protective film include those made of a resin such as a cellulose ester such as triacetyl cellulose and an alicyclic structure-containing polymer, but are excellent in transparency, birefringence, dimensional stability, etc. Those composed of a structure-containing polymer are preferred.
- the protective film can be obtained by forming into a film by a solution casting method, a melt extrusion method, preferably a melt extrusion method, and stretching and orientation as necessary.
- a liquid crystal display device can be made thin by using the protective film located on the side farther from the liquid crystal cell of the output side polarizer as a base material for forming an antireflection film described later.
- the protective film positioned on the side closer to the liquid crystal cell of the output side polarizer and the input side polarizer is used as a substrate for forming an optical anisotropic body or an optical compensator described later, thereby providing a liquid crystal display.
- the device can be thinned. Lamination of the protective film and the polarizer can be performed by pasting them through a primer layer or the like.
- the optically anisotropic body used in the present invention has an in-plane letter value (R e (550)) measured at a wavelength of 550 nm and an in-plane letter value (Re (450)) measured at a wavelength of 450 nm.
- Ratio Re (4 50) / Re (550) force Si .007 or less, preferably 1.006 or less.
- Ratio Re (450) / The lower limit of Re (550) is preferably ⁇ to preferably ⁇ to 0.5, and more preferably to ⁇ to 0.7.
- Rth Letter thickness direction (Rth) in the film thickness direction is defined as Rth, where n and n are the main refractive indices in the final plane, n is the refractive index in the film thickness direction, and d (nm) is the film thickness.
- Rth ⁇ (n + n) / 2— n ⁇ X d.
- the optically anisotropic body used in the present invention has an in-plane letter Re Re (550) force of 125 to 150 nm measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the optical anisotropic body used in the present invention has a retardation Re () at a wavelength ⁇ and a _ttRe (e) / elongation of the wavelength S, usually 0.22 to 0.28, preferably 0.25 to 0.23. 0.27, more preferably (or preferably in the range of 0.24-0.26).
- the optical anisotropic body used in the present invention may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure as long as it has the above characteristics.
- a suitable optical anisotropic body includes an optical anisotropic body in which a quarter-wave plate and a half-wave plate are overlapped with their slow axis directions shifted. If the slow axis crossing angle between the quarter-wave plate and the half-wave plate is preferably 56 ° to 62 °, more preferably 57 ° to 61 °, an optical anisotropic body with excellent broadband properties can be obtained. can get.
- the slow axis is the direction in which the phase delay becomes maximum when linearly polarized light is incident.
- the quarter-wave plate is an optically anisotropic body with an in-plane letter measurement measured at a wavelength of 550 nm of 125 to 150 nm.
- the 1Z2 wave plate is an optical anisotropic body with an in-plane letter measurement of 250 to 300 nm measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the 1Z4 wavelength plate and the 1Z2 wavelength plate can be obtained by stretching and orienting the transparent resin film.
- the slow axis of an optical anisotropic body usually occurs in the stretching direction or a direction perpendicular thereto.
- the transparent resin that composes the film has a total light transmittance when it is formed into a 1mm thick molded body. If it is 80% or more, it can be used without any particular limitation.
- the transparent resin include a polymer resin having an alicyclic structure, a chain olefin polymer such as polyethylene and polypropylene, a polycarbonate polymer, a polyester polymer, a polysulfone polymer, a polyethersulfone polymer, and Resin having positive solid birefringence, such as polybulal alcohol polymer; Resin having negative intrinsic birefringence, such as vinyl aromatic polymer, polyacrylonitrile polymer, polymethyl methacrylate polymer, and cellulose ester polymer Can be mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polymer resins having positive intrinsic birefringence polymer resins having a cycloaliphatic structure and linear olefin polymers are particularly preferred for transparency, low hygroscopicity, dimensional stability, lightness, etc. Since it is excellent, a polymer resin having an alicyclic structure is preferable.
- Examples of the polymer having an alicyclic structure include a norbornene polymer, a monocyclic cyclic olefin polymer, and a vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon polymer.
- norbornene polymers can be suitably used because of their good transparency and moldability.
- Examples of norbornene polymers include ring-opening polymers of norbornene monomers, ring-opening copolymers of norbornene monomers and other monomers, and hydrogenated products of these polymers; Examples include addition polymers, addition copolymers of norbornene monomer and other monomers, and hydrogenated products of these polymers.
- a ring-opening polymer of a norbornene monomer or a hydrogenated product of a ring-opening copolymer is particularly preferable because it is excellent in transparency.
- the resins having negative intrinsic birefringence at least one selected from a bull aromatic polymer, a polyacrylonitrile polymer, and a polymethylmethacrylate polymer is preferable.
- a bull aromatic polymer a polyacrylonitrile polymer, and a polymethylmethacrylate polymer is preferable.
- vinyl aromatic polymers are preferred from the viewpoint of high birefringence.
- the vinyl aromatic polymer means a polymer of a vinyl aromatic monomer or a copolymer of a monomer copolymerizable with a vinyl aromatic monomer.
- vinyl aromatic monomers include styrene; styrene derivatives such as 4-methylenostyrene, 4-chlorostyrene, 3-methinostyrene, 4-methoxystyrene, 4-tert-butoxystyrene, and monomethylstyrene. All I can get lost. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Monomers that can be copolymerized with butyl aromatic monomers include olefins such as propylene and butene; a , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomers such as acrylonitrile; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride And ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid; acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester; maleimide;
- a copolymer of styrene or a styrene derivative and maleic anhydride is preferable from the viewpoint of high heat resistance.
- the transparent resin used in the present invention preferably has a glass transition temperature Tg of 90 ° C or higher, preferably 100 ° C or higher, from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance.
- the method for forming the transparent resin film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include conventionally known methods such as a solution casting method and a melt extrusion method.
- the melt extrusion method without using a solvent can reduce the content of volatile components, and is preferable from the viewpoint of production cost and production of a film having a large Rth of 100 zm or more.
- a method using a T die is preferable in terms of excellent power productivity and thickness accuracy, such as a method using a T die and an inflation method.
- the transparent resin is put into an extruder having a T die, and the glass transition temperature of the transparent resin is usually 80 to 180 ° C, preferably glass.
- the transparent resin is melted at a temperature 100 to 150 ° C. higher than the transition temperature, the molten resin is extruded from a T die, and the resin is cooled with a cooling roll or the like to form a film. If the temperature at which the resin is melted is excessively low, the fluidity of the transparent resin may be insufficient. Conversely, if the temperature is excessively high, the transparent resin may deteriorate.
- Stretching method Simultaneous biaxial stretching method in which the gap between the clips holding the film is widened and stretched in the longitudinal direction simultaneously with the stretching angle of the guide rail, and the difference in peripheral speed between the rolls is utilized.
- Biaxial stretching method such as sequential biaxial stretching method in which both ends are gripped by clips and stretched in the lateral direction using a tenter after stretching in the direction; feed force or tensile force at different speeds in the lateral or longitudinal direction Or a tenter stretching machine that can carry the take-off force, Can apply a feed force or pulling force or pulling force at the same speed in the vertical direction in the vertical direction, and can be stretched diagonally using a tenter stretching machine with the same moving distance and a fixed stretching angle or different moving distance. And the like.
- the optical anisotropic letter-lettering can be controlled, for example, by appropriately setting the stretching conditions such as the film material, the thickness of the film before stretching, the stretching ratio, and the stretching temperature.
- the glass transition temperature of the transparent resin is Tg, preferably T g — 30.
- the stretching speed is preferably 5 to 100 mmZ seconds, more preferably 10 to 750 mmZ seconds.
- the stretching control becomes easy, and an optical anisotropic body with less surface precision and letter variation is obtained.
- the refractive index n in the thickness direction of the optical anisotropic body used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the optical anisotropic body is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ , more preferably 20 to 250 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 20 to 120 / im.
- the quarter-wave plate and the half-wave plate can be obtained by aligning and fixing a liquid crystal compound.
- the liquid crystalline compound has optical anisotropy, and a film having optical anisotropy can be obtained by arranging and fixing it in a certain direction.
- a low molecular weight or high molecular weight liquid crystalline compound having a property of being polymerized or crosslinked by ultraviolet rays or heat in the presence of a polymerization initiator or a crosslinking agent, or a mixture thereof is distributed substantially uniformly. It can be obtained by immobilization by polymerization or cross-linking reaction in the oriented state.
- Examples of the liquid crystalline compound used for obtaining the optical anisotropic body include a rod-like liquid crystalline compound, a discotic liquid crystalline compound, and a mixture thereof.
- Examples of rod-like liquid crystalline compounds include azomethines, azoquinones, cyanobiphenyls, cyanophyl esters, benzoates, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid phenyl esters. Ters, cyanphenylcyclohexanes, tolanes, cyano-substituted phenylpyrimidines, alkoxy-substituted phenylpyrimidines, phenyldioxanes, and alkenyl cyclohexylbenzonitriles.
- a polymer rod-like liquid crystalline compound composed only of the above low molecular liquid crystalline compounds can also be used.
- the rod-like liquid crystalline compound the polymerization properties described in JP-A-7-294735 (US Pat. No. 5,863,457), JP-A-2002-174724 and JP-A-8-283748 are disclosed.
- a liquid composition etc. are mentioned.
- Commercially available products such as a trade name NH film (manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.) can be used as the tilted film.
- discotic liquid crystalline compounds include various documents (for example, C. Desrade et al., Mol. Cry sr. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 71, pagel ll (1981); Ed., Quarterly Chemistry Review, No. 22, Liquid Crystal Chemistry, Chapter 5, Chapter 10, Section 2 (1994); B. Kohne et al., Angew. And hem. Soc. Chem. Comm. Pagel 94 ( 1985); J. nang eta 1., J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 116, page 2655 (1994); The polymerization of discotic liquid crystalline compounds is described in JP-A-8-27284.
- discotic liquid crystalline compound In order to fix the discotic liquid crystalline compound by polymerization, it is necessary to bond a polymerizable group to the discotic core of the discotic liquid crystalline compound via a linking group.
- a discotic liquid crystalline compound examples include those described in JP-A-2000-284126 (US Pat. No. 6,400,433).
- Commercially available products such as trade name WV film (Fuji Photo Co., Ltd.) can be used as the optical anisotropic body using the discotic liquid crystalline compound.
- the alignment of the liquid crystalline compound can be usually performed by applying a liquid crystalline compound to the alignment film.
- the alignment film is usually formed of a polymer compound having optical isotropy.
- the polymer compound include cellulose resin, polyimide, polyimide amide, polyether imide, polyester, polyarylate, polybutyl alcohol, and gelatin. Two or more of these may be used in combination.
- the discotic liquid crystal molecules are substantially perpendicular to the plane direction of the film or laminate (average inclination angle in the range of 50 ° force 90 °). It is preferable to orient. For this purpose, the surface energy of the alignment film is lowered by the functional group of the polymer that constitutes the alignment film, so that the discotic liquid crystalline compound is made upright.
- Preferred examples of the functional group that lowers the surface energy of the alignment film include a fluorine atom and a hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms.
- a fluorine atom and a hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms In order to allow fluorine atoms or hydrocarbon groups to be present on the surface of the alignment film, it is preferable to introduce fluorine atoms or hydrocarbon groups into the side chain rather than the main chain of the polymer.
- the fluorine atom content of the polymer containing fluorine atoms is preferably 0.05 to 80% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 65% by mass, and still more preferably:! To 60% by mass.
- the hydrocarbon group include an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, or a combination thereof.
- the aliphatic group may be cyclic, branched or straight chain, but is preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group or a cycloalkenyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 10 to: 100, more preferably 10 to 50, still more preferably 10 to 40.
- the main chain of such a polymer preferably has a polyimide structure or a polyvinyl alcohol structure.
- Polyimide can generally be synthesized by a condensation reaction of tetracarboxylic acid and diamine. When introducing a hydrocarbon group into polyimide, it is preferable to form a steroid structure in the main chain or side chain of the polyimide.
- the steroid structure present in the side chain corresponds to a hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and has a function of vertically aligning the discotic liquid crystalline compound.
- the polyvinyl alcohol include fluorine-modified polyvinyl alcohol containing a repeating unit containing a fluorine atom in a range of 5 to 80 mol, and modified polybutyl alcohol having a hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms. .
- the polymer compound is formed, and an alignment process is performed on the polymer film.
- a rubbing process is preferably used as the alignment process.
- the method for rubbing the polymer film is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a conventionally known method. For example, a method of imparting orientation to the surface of the polymer film by rubbing the surface of the polymer film in a predetermined direction using a cloth or roll such as rayon or nylon (rubbing) may be mentioned.
- alignment treatment other than rubbing treatment light such as linearly polarized ultraviolet light is applied on the polymer film in a predetermined manner. Examples include a method of irradiating from the direction and a method of stretching a polymer film.
- an oblique deposition layer such as silicon oxide (SiO) can also be used as the alignment film.
- the thickness of the self-directing film is usually from 0.005 to 10/1111, preferably from 0.01 to! / i m.
- a film is formed, and a fixed film of a liquid crystalline compound (equivalent to a 1Z2 wavelength plate) having a letter measurement measured at a wavelength of 550 nm of 250 to 300 nm or a letter measurement measured at a wavelength of 550 nm is formed on the alignment film.
- the direction of the orientation treatment is in the range of 50 ° to 70 °, preferably 55 ° to 65 °, more preferably 58 ° to 62 ° with respect to the direction of the slow axis of the optical anisotropic body serving as the substrate. Let's cross at.
- the liquid crystalline compound applied on the alignment film is aligned in a direction coinciding with the alignment direction of the alignment film. Therefore, by performing the orientation treatment at the angle as described above, a laminated body in which the slow axis of the optical anisotropic body of the substrate and the optical anisotropic body formed of the liquid crystalline compound intersect at a predetermined angle is obtained. be able to.
- the thickness of the optically anisotropic layer which is the alignment-fixing film strength of the liquid crystal compound, is not particularly limited, and is a sufficient function as a quarter-wave plate that gives a quarter-wave retardation to incident light. In general, it is preferably 0.5 to 50 / im.
- a wave plate having a desired phase difference which is the layer strength of the liquid crystal compound fixing film, by setting the type of the liquid crystal compound fixing film and the thickness of the liquid crystal compound fixing film layer to a predetermined value. Can be obtained.
- an optically anisotropic body composed of a fixed film of a liquid crystal compound specifically, it can be carried out as follows. First, on the optical anisotropic body, an alignment film is formed that is aligned in a direction in which the angle between the extending direction of the optical anisotropic body and the slow axis of the optical anisotropic body is 50 ° to 70 °. To do. Next, an organic solvent solution of a liquid crystalline compound is applied on the alignment film of the optical anisotropic body, and the solvent is removed by heating. Next, the liquid crystal compound can be aligned in a predetermined direction by cooling to a temperature at which the liquid crystal compound becomes a liquid crystal state.
- the liquid crystal When the polymerizable compound is polymerized or crosslinked by ultraviolet rays or heat, the liquid crystalline compound is polymerized or crosslinked by ultraviolet rays or heat in the presence of a polymerization initiator or a crosslinking agent in an environment where the liquid crystal state is maintained.
- An immobilization film can be formed.
- the method of laminating the quarter wave plate and the 1Z2 wave plate is a method of laminating a wave plate such as a method of laminating with an adhesive, a method of laminating by thermal welding or ultrasonic fusion, a coextrusion method, or the like.
- a method of laminating with an adhesive such as a method of laminating with an adhesive, a method of laminating by thermal welding or ultrasonic fusion, a coextrusion method, or the like.
- known methods can be used, it is preferable to use an adhesive to make a laminate so that it can be used in a wider wavelength range as a broadband wave plate and has excellent durability. Les.
- any number of films having other optical anisotropy can be placed in an arbitrary place.
- the film having optical anisotropy include a uniaxial retardation film, a biaxial retardation film, or a laminate thereof.
- a uniaxial retardation film includes a C plate and an A plate.
- the C plate is a retardation film having no retardation in the plane or having a phase difference only in the thickness direction which is extremely small, and the optical axis is perpendicular to the in-plane direction. Exists in the direction.
- the C plate is called a positive C plate when its optical characteristic condition satisfies the following formula (a), and is called a negative C plate when the following formula (b) is satisfied.
- the following n, n and n are the retardation films. Bending in the X, Y, and Z axis directions
- the X-axis direction is a direction in which the refractive index in the plane of the layer is maximum (in-plane slow axis direction), and the Y-axis direction is in the plane of the layer. It is a direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction (in-plane fast axis direction), and the Z-axis direction is a layer thickness direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the A plate is a retardation film having a retardation only in an in-plane where there is no lettering in the thickness direction or is extremely small, and the optical axis exists in the in-plane direction. If the optical properties of the A plate satisfy the following formula (c), When the formula (d) is satisfied, it is called a negative A plate.
- Examples of the uniaxial retardation film and the biaxial retardation film include a film obtained by stretching a film made of a material having a positive intrinsic birefringence value, and a negative intrinsic birefringence value such as polystyrene resin.
- the in-plane letter Re and Bth in the thickness direction of the birefringent layer may be appropriately adjusted according to the liquid crystal mode to be used.
- an antireflection film is provided on the surface of the exit side polarizer far from the liquid crystal cell (viewing side).
- This antireflective film is a laminate having a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less, which is a silicone cured coating force containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, preferably a hard coat layer and the low refractive index. It is a laminate having layers in this order from the liquid crystal cell toward the far side.
- the antireflection film can be obtained, for example, by laminating a low refractive index layer directly on the transparent resin substrate or via a hard coat layer.
- the transparent resin substrate is made of a transparent resin.
- the shape of the transparent resin substrate is not particularly limited, but is usually a film or a sheet.
- a protective film for a polarizer can also be used as the transparent resin substrate.
- the transparent resin can be used without particular limitation as long as it has a total light transmittance of 80% or more, preferably 90% or more when formed into a 1 mm-thick molded body.
- the transparent resin include a polymer resin having an alicyclic structure, a chain olefin polymer such as polyethylene and polypropylene, a cellulose polymer resin, a polycarbonate polymer, a polyester polymer, a polysulfone polymer, and a polyethersulfone. Polymers, polystyrene polymers, polybutyl alcohol polymers, polymetatalylate polymers, etc. The power to raise S. These resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- norbornene polymers monocyclic cyclic olefin polymers, cyclic conjugated diene polymers, vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon polymers, and alicyclic structure-containing heavy polymers such as hydrides thereof.
- Translucent resin Cellulose polymer resin such as cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, and cellulose acetate butyrate
- Polyester polymer resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate
- norbornene polymers, tribornyl cellulose, and norbornene polymers that are more preferred are polyethylene terephthalate are particularly preferable.
- norbornene polymers include ring-opening polymers of norbornene monomers, ring-opening polymers of norbornene monomers and other monomers, and hydrogenated products of these ring-opening polymers;
- An addition polymer of a monomer, an addition polymer of a norbornene monomer and another monomer, and a hydrogenated product of these addition polymers can be exemplified.
- a hydrogenated product of a ring-opening polymer of norbornene monomer is particularly preferable because it is excellent in transparency.
- the transparent resin is a polyisoprene equivalent (polystyrene equivalent in the case of toluene) measured by gel 'permeation' chromatography using cyclohexane as a solvent (toluene if the polymer resin does not dissolve).
- Average molecular weight force S usually 10,000 to 300, 0
- 00 preferred is in the range of 15,000-250,000, more preferred is in the range of 20,000-200,000.
- a transparent resin having a weight average molecular weight within this range is suitable because it highly balances the mechanical strength and moldability of the substrate.
- the transparent resin is not particularly limited by its molecular weight distribution (weight average molecular weight (Mw) / number average molecular weight (Mn)), but usually:! -10, preferably 1-6, more preferably 1 .: ! ⁇ 4 range.
- a transparent resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) / number average molecular weight (Mn) ratio in the above preferred range can be suitably used because the mechanical strength and moldability of the substrate are well balanced.
- the transparent resin those to which various compounding agents are added as desired can be used.
- a compounding agent there is no particular limitation as long as it is usually used in thermoplastic resin materials.
- antioxidants such as phenolic antioxidants, phosphoric acid antioxidants, and phenolic antioxidants
- benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers benzoate ultraviolet absorbers
- benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers
- acrylate acrylate
- UV absorbers and metal complex UV absorbers include light stabilizers such as hindered amine light stabilizers; colorants such as dyes and pigments; esters of aliphatic alcohols and esters of polyhydric alcohols Lubricants such as fatty acid amides and inorganic particles; triester plasticizers, phthalate ester plasticizers, fatty acid-basic ester plasticizers, and oxyester plasticizers; fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols Antistatic agents such as, and the like.
- the transparent resin substrate used in the present invention can be obtained by forming the transparent resin into a film or a sheet by a known molding method and stretching it as necessary.
- a melt extrusion molding method is preferable because the content of volatile components in the film and uneven thickness can be reduced.
- a method using a T die is preferable in that it is excellent in force s, productivity and thickness accuracy, such as a method using a T die and an inflation method.
- a film or sheet that has been subjected to surface modification treatment on one side or both sides can be used as the transparent resin substrate.
- the surface modification treatment include energy beam irradiation treatment and chemical treatment.
- Examples of the energy ray irradiation treatment include corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, and ultraviolet ray irradiation treatment.
- corona discharge treatment and plasma treatment with good treatment efficiency can be preferably used, and corona discharge treatment can be particularly suitably used.
- Examples of the chemical treatment include a method of immersing in an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent such as an aqueous potassium dichromate solution or concentrated sulfuric acid and then washing with water.
- the thickness of the transparent resin substrate is usually 5 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 to 200 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 50-: 150 xm.
- the hard coat layer is a layer having a high surface hardness. Specifically, it is a layer having a hardness of “HB” or higher, preferably “H” or higher, in the pencil hardness test specified in JIS K5600-5-4.
- the average thickness of the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, but is usually 0. 5 ⁇ 30 zm, preferably
- the material for forming the hard coat layer may be any material that can form a layer having a pencil hardness of HB or higher as specified in JIS K 5600-5-4.
- silicone, melamine, epoxy examples thereof include organic hard coat materials such as acrylic and urethane acrylate; inorganic hard coat materials such as silicon dioxide; and the like.
- organic hard coat materials such as acrylic and urethane acrylate
- inorganic hard coat materials such as silicon dioxide
- urethane acrylate and polyfunctional acrylate hardcoat materials can be suitably used because of their high adhesive strength and excellent productivity.
- Particularly preferred materials include those containing an active energy ray-curable resin and / or inorganic oxide particles.
- the active energy ray-curable resin is a resin obtained by curing a prepolymer, oligomer and / or monomer having a polymerizable unsaturated bond or an epoxy group in the molecule by irradiation with active energy rays.
- a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization accelerator are blended.
- Active energy rays have energy quanta that can polymerize or crosslink molecules of electromagnetic waves or charged particle rays. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used.
- the refractive index of the hard coat layer is preferably 1.55 or more, and more preferably 1.60 or more.
- the refractive index can be measured and determined using, for example, a known spectroscopic ellipsometer.
- the hard coat layer has an average surface roughness (Ra) of 35 nm or less, preferably:! To 30 nm. When the average surface roughness is within this range, the adhesion between the hard coat layer and the low refractive index layer is increased due to the anchor effect or the like, and the balance between the antireflection property and the low reflectance is improved.
- the average surface roughness (Ra) can be measured by observing interference fringes while scanning at a constant speed using a three-dimensional structural analysis microscope (manufactured by Saigo).
- the hard coat layer preferably further contains inorganic oxide particles. By adding inorganic oxide particles, a hard coat layer having excellent scratch resistance and a refractive index of 1.55 or more can be easily formed.
- the inorganic oxide particles used for the hard coat layer are preferably those having a high refractive index. Specifically, inorganic oxide particles having a refractive index of 1.6 or more, particularly 1.6 to 2.3 are preferable. Examples of such inorganic oxide particles having a high refractive index include titania (titanium oxide), dinoleconia (zirconium oxide), oxide oxide # &, tin oxide, cerium oxide, antimony pentoxide, and antimony-doped tin oxide.
- ATO phosphorus-doped tin oxide
- PTO phosphorus-doped tin oxide
- FTO fluorine-doped tin oxide
- ITO tin-doped indium oxide
- IZO zinc-doped indium oxide
- aluminum Examples include zinc oxide doped with niobium (AZO).
- antimony pentoxide, and tin oxide and titanium oxide doped with phosphorus are suitable as components for adjusting the refractive index because they have a high refractive index and excellent balance between conductivity and transparency. These may be used alone or in combination.
- a hard coat layer having a plurality of functions in a well-balanced manner can be formed.
- a combination of a very high refractive index but low conductivity, rutile-type titanium oxide particles and a conductive inorganic oxide that has a very high conductivity but a lower refractive index than rutile-type titanium oxide gives a predetermined refractive index.
- a hard coat layer having good antistatic performance can be formed.
- the amount of the inorganic oxide particles is 200 to 1200 parts by mass, preferably 300 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the active energy ray-curable resin.
- the inorganic oxide particles preferably have a primary particle diameter of 1 nm to 100 nm, more preferably 1 nm to 50 nm, in order not to lower the transparency of the hard coat layer.
- the primary particle size of inorganic oxide particles may be measured visually from image photographs obtained with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), etc., or the particle size distribution using the dynamic light scattering method or static light scattering method. Mechanical measurement may be performed by a meter or the like.
- At least a part of the surface of the inorganic oxide particles is preferably coated with an organic compound or an organometallic compound having an anionic polar group.
- the hard coat layer has a level to uniformly disperse the inorganic oxide particles.
- a ring agent can be included.
- the leveling agent a fluorosurfactant is preferable, and a nonionic fluorosurfactant composed of a fluorinated alkyl group-containing oligomer is particularly preferable.
- the hard coat layer may further contain an organic reactive silicon compound.
- the hard coat layer can be obtained by applying a material for forming the hard coat layer on a transparent resin substrate, drying and hardening.
- the coating method include a wire one bar coating method, a dip method, a spray method, a spin coating method, a roll coating method, and a gravure coating method.
- the curing method there is a force S that includes a thermal curing method and an active energy ray curing method such as an ultraviolet ray curing method. In the present invention, the active energy ray curing method is preferable.
- the irradiation intensity and irradiation time of the active energy ray are not particularly limited, and are appropriately determined depending on the active energy ray curable resin used. Irradiation conditions such as irradiation intensity and irradiation time can be set.
- the surface of the base material can be subjected to plasma treatment, primer treatment, etc. to increase the peel strength of the hard coat layer.
- a base resin and a material for forming the hard coat layer are co-extruded to form a co-extruded film in which the base resin and the material are laminated. You can get the power S by doing.
- the hard coat layer may have a concavo-convex shape formed on its surface to impart antiglare properties.
- the uneven shape is not particularly limited as long as it is an effective shape for imparting known antiglare properties.
- the low refractive index layer is made of a cured silicone film containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the low refractive index layer has a refractive index of 1.37 or less. If the refractive index of the low refractive index layer exceeds 1.37, the antireflection performance may be insufficient.
- the refractive index n of the low refractive index layer preferably further satisfies the following formulas (e) and (f).
- the structure of the low refractive index layer may be a multilayer as long as it consists of at least one layer.
- the low refractive index layer is composed of multiple layers, at least the refractive index n of the layer closest to the hard coat layer is
- the low refractive index layer made of a cured silicone coating contains a lot of bubbles by containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the size of the bubbles is mostly 200 nm or less, and the content of the bubbles is usually 10 to 60% by volume, preferably 20 to 40% by volume.
- the low refractive index layer is preferably a cured film selected from the following (1), (II) and (III).
- a cured coating of the coating material composition It contains hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, at least one of the following hydrolyzate (A) and the following copolymer hydrolyzate (B), and the following hydrolyzable organosilane (C).
- a copolymer hydrolyzate obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane obtained by copolymer hydrolysis with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- (C) A hydrolyzable organosilane having a water repellent group in the straight chain portion and having two or more silicon atoms bonded to an alkoxy group in the molecule.
- a coating material comprising hollow fine particles or porous fine particles, at least one of the following hydrolyzate (A) and the following copolymer hydrolyzate (B), and the following silicone diol (D) A cured coating of the composition.
- D A dimethyl type silicone diol represented by the following general formula (3).
- Copolymerized hydrolyzate with water-decomposable onoleganosilane is Copolymerized hydrolyzate with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- hollow silica fine particles can be preferably used.
- the hollow silica fine particles have cavities formed inside the outer shell, and examples thereof include hollow silica fine particles having cavities inside the outer shell made of silica-based inorganic oxide.
- examples of the silica-based inorganic oxide include a silica single layer, a single layer of a composite oxide composed of silica and an inorganic oxide other than silica, and a double layer of a single layer of silica and a single layer of a composite oxide. be able to.
- the outer shell may be porous having pores or may be one in which the pores are closed and the cavity is sealed.
- the outer shell is preferably a plurality of silica-based coating layers comprising an inner first silica coating layer and an outer second silica coating layer.
- the second silica coating layer By providing the second silica coating layer on the outer side, fine pores in the outer shell are closed and densified, and hollow silica fine particles in which the inner cavity is sealed with the outer shell can be obtained.
- the thickness of the first silica coating layer is preferably:! To 50 nm, preferably S, and more preferably 5 to 20 nm. If the thickness of the first silica coating layer is less than the preferred range, the particle shape is It becomes difficult to hold and the hollow silica fine particles may not be obtained. Further, when the second silica coating layer is formed, a partially hydrolyzed product of the organic silicon compound may enter the pores of the core particles, and it may be difficult to remove the core particle constituent components. If the thickness of the first silica coating layer exceeds the above preferred range, the proportion of cavities in the hollow silica fine particles may decrease, and the refractive index may not be sufficiently lowered.
- the thickness of the outer shell is preferably 1Z50 to 1/5 of the average particle diameter.
- the thickness of the second silica coating layer can be selected so that the total thickness with the first silica coating layer is 1-50 nm, and in order to densify the outer shell, it should be 20-49 nm. Is preferred.
- the precursor material for forming the cavity may remain in the cavity.
- Precursor material may remain slightly attached to the outer shell and may occupy most of the cavity.
- the precursor material is a porous material that remains after some of the constituent components are removed from the core particles for forming the first silica coating layer.
- porous composite oxide particles composed of silica and inorganic oxides other than silica can be used. Examples of the inorganic oxide include Al 2 O, B 2 O, and T
- Solvent or gas is present.
- the volume of the cavity increases and hollow silica fine particles having a low refractive index are obtained.
- the transparent film obtained by combining the hollow silica fine particles has a low refractive index. Excellent antireflection performance.
- porous fine particles are used in place of the metal oxide hollow fine particles contained in the coating material composition forming a low refractive index or in combination with the metal oxide hollow fine particles. Can do.
- silica air mouth gel particles As the porous microparticles, silica air mouth gel particles, composite air mouth gel particles such as silica / alumina air mouth gel, organic air mouth gel particles such as melamine air mouth gel, and the like can be used.
- Examples of preferable porous fine particles include: (a) Porous pores obtained by mixing alkyl silicate with a solvent, water and a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, followed by hydrolysis polymerization, and then removing the solvent by drying.
- the fine particles and (b) alkyl silicate are mixed with a solvent, water, and a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst to hydrolyze the polymer, and the solvent is dried by drying from the oneganosilica sol stabilized by stopping the polymerization before gelation.
- Examples thereof include porous fine particles having an aggregate average particle diameter of 10 to 100 nm obtained by removal. These porous fine particles can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Porous fine particles (a) obtained by drying and removing the solvent after hydrolyzing the alkyl silicate are disclosed, for example, in US Patent Nos. 4402827, 4432956, and 4610863.
- the alkyl silicate also referred to as alkoxysilane or silicon alkoxide
- a solvent, water, and a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst followed by hydrolysis and polymerization reaction, and then the solvent is removed by drying. can get.
- a wet gel compound composed of a silica skeleton obtained by hydrolysis and polymerization reaction is dispersed in a solvent (dispersion medium) such as alcohol or liquefied carbon dioxide, and the critical point of this solvent is determined. Dry in the above supercritical state.
- the gel compound is immersed in liquefied carbon dioxide, and all or part of the solvent previously contained in the gel compound is replaced with liquefied carbon dioxide having a lower critical point than that solvent.
- Supercritical drying can be performed by drying under supercritical conditions of a single system of carbon dioxide or a mixed system of carbon dioxide and a solvent.
- porous fine particles (a) are produced as described above, hydrolysis and polymerization of an alkyl silicate as disclosed in JP-A-5-279011 and JP-A-7-138375. It is preferable to impart hydrophobicity to the porous fine particles by hydrophobizing the gel-like material obtained by the reaction. As described above, the porous fine particles to which hydrophobicity is imparted are less likely to penetrate moisture and water, and can prevent deterioration in performance such as refractive index and light transmittance. This hydrophobizing treatment can be performed before or during the supercritical drying of the gel-like material.
- Hydrophobization treatment is performed by reacting the functional group of the hydrophobizing agent with the hydroxyl group in the silanol group present on the surface of the gel-like material, and substituting the silanol group with the hydrophobic group of the hydrophobizing agent.
- the gel-like material is immersed in a hydrophobizing treatment solution in which a hydrophobizing agent is dissolved in a solvent, and mixed to form a gel.
- a hydrophobizing agent is infiltrated into an object and then heated as necessary to perform a hydrophobizing reaction.
- Examples of the solvent used for the hydrophobizing treatment include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, xylene, toluene, benzene, N, N-dimethylformamide, and hexamethyldisiloxane.
- the solvent used for the hydrophobizing treatment is not limited to these as long as the hydrophobizing agent can be easily dissolved and can be replaced with the solvent contained in the gel before the hydrophobizing treatment.
- the solvent used for the hydrophobizing treatment is a medium that can be easily supercritically dried (for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, liquid carbon dioxide, etc.). Or those that can be substituted therefor are preferred.
- the hydrophobizing agent include hexamethyldisilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, trimethylmethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, etyltrimethoxysilane, trimethinoleethoxysilane, and dimethinoletoxy. Examples thereof include silane and methinoretriethoxysilane.
- Porous fine particles can be obtained by pulverizing a dry particle of porous fine particles.
- the coating is formed as an antireflection coating as in the present invention
- the thickness of the cured coating is as thin as about lOOnm, and it is necessary to form the porous fine particles with a particle size of about 50nm.
- the particle diameter of the porous fine particles is large, it is difficult to form a cured film with a uniform film thickness and to reduce the surface roughness of the cured film.
- porous fine particles is an onolegano stabilized by mixing an alkyl silicate with a solvent, water, a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, hydrolyzing the polymer, and stopping the polymerization before gelation.
- Silica solka is a porous fine particle (b) obtained by removing the solvent by drying and having an average particle size of lOnm or more and lOOnm or less.
- fine-particle silica air-mouth gel particles as follows. First, onoleganosilica sol is prepared by mixing alkyl silicate with a solvent, water and a hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, followed by hydrolysis and polymerization.
- Examples of the solvent include alcohols such as methanol, and examples of the hydrolysis polymerization catalyst include ammonia. Can be mentioned.
- a method for stabilizing onoreganosilica zonole by dilution for example, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, or the like, which is a first-prepared onoleganosilica sol, is used, and at least 2 is used.
- a method of diluting by volume or more can be mentioned.
- the type of alcohol is not particularly limited. It is also preferable to dilute with alcohol with a high carbon number. This is because the alcohol substitution reaction contained in the silica sol has a high effect of suppressing the hydrolysis polymerization reaction with dilution.
- the hydrolysis polymerization catalyst in the first prepared organosilica sol is an alkali
- an acid is added
- the hydrolysis catalyst is an acid.
- an alkali can be added to adjust the pH of the organosilica sol to be weakly acidic. With this weak acidity, it is necessary to appropriately select a stable pH depending on the type of solvent used in the preparation and the amount of water, but it is preferably about pH 3-4.
- organosilica sol when ammonia is selected as the hydrolysis polymerization catalyst, it is preferable to add nitric acid or hydrochloric acid to make the pH 3-4, and nitric acid is selected as the hydrolysis polymerization catalyst. In this case, it is preferable to adjust the pH to 3 to 4 by adding weak alkali such as ammonia or sodium hydrogen carbonate to the organosilica zone.
- any of the above methods may be selected, but it is more effective to use dilution and pH adjustment in combination.
- the hydrolytic polymerization reaction can be further suppressed by adding an organic silane compound typified by hexamethyldisilazane trimethylchlorosilane and hydrophobizing the porous fine particles during these treatments. be able to.
- porous fine particles can be obtained by directly drying the onoregano silica sol.
- the porous fine particles (b) preferably have an agglomerated average particle size of 10 ⁇ :! OOnm. . If the aggregated particle diameter exceeds lOOnm, it may be difficult to obtain a uniform thickness of the cured film as described above and to reduce the surface roughness. On the other hand, if the average agglomerated particle size is less than lOnm, when the coating material composition is prepared by mixing with the matrix-forming material, the matrix-forming material enters the porous fine particles, and in the dried film, the porous fine particles There is a possibility that there is no cavity.
- the organosilica sol is filled in a high-pressure vessel, and the solvent in the silica zonole is replaced with liquefied carbon dioxide gas, and then a temperature of 32 ° C or higher and a pressure of 8 MPa or higher. And then reducing the pressure. In this way, the onoreganosilica sol can be dried to obtain porous fine particles.
- organosilanic compounds represented by hexamethyldisilazane and trimethylchlorosilane are added to polymerize silica particles as a method for suppressing the polysynthesis length of organosilica sol. There is also a method of stopping the reaction, and this method is advantageous because the silica air gel particles can be simultaneously hydrophobized with an organosilane compound.
- the coating is formed as an antireflection coating or the like as in the present invention, it is preferable that the cured coating has a clear and high transparency. Specifically, it should be suppressed to a haze of 0.2% or less. Is more preferable. Therefore, when preparing a coating composition by adding porous silica air gel particles to the matrix forming material, the porous silica air gel particles are uniformly dispersed in the solvent from the beginning before being added to the matrix forming material. It is preferable.
- an organosilica sol is prepared by mixing alkyl silicate with a solvent such as methanol, water, and an alkaline hydrolysis polymerization catalyst such as ammonia, followed by hydrolysis and polymerization.
- the onoreganosilica sol is diluted with a solvent before gelling occurs, or the pH of the organosilica sol is adjusted to suppress the growth of silica polymer particles and to stabilize the onoreganosilica sol. It is possible to prepare a coating material composition by adding the stabilized onoreganosilica sol as a silica-air-mouthed gel dispersion to a matrix-forming material.
- the matrix material of the coating material composition for forming the cured film (I) contains at least one of a hydrolyzate (A) and a copolymerized hydrolyzate (B), and a hydrolyzable onoleganosilane (C).
- the combination of hydrolyzate (A) and hydrolyzable onoleganosilane (C) A combination of a copolymer hydrolyzate (B) and a hydrolyzable onoreganosilane (C), or a combination of a hydrolyzate (A), a copolymerized hydrolyzate (B), and a hydrolyzable oneganosilane (C). What is included can be used.
- the hydrolyzate (A) used in the coating material composition is hydrolyzable represented by SiX.
- X is a hydrolyzable group.
- R, R ′ and R ′ ′ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, etc.
- an alkoxy group can be preferably used. .
- Suitable hydrolyzable organosilanes include tetrafunctional organoalkoxysilanes represented by the general formula (4).
- R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, more preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched. Examples of such a hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, and an octyl group. it can.
- the tetrafunctional silicone resin as the hydrolyzate (A) can be prepared by completely hydrolyzing or partially hydrolyzing the tetrafunctional hydrolyzable onreganosilane such as the above tetrafunctional organoalkoxysilane.
- the tetrafunctional silicone resin as the hydrolyzate (A) to be obtained is not particularly limited by its molecular weight, but is less in proportion to the hollow fine particles such as hollow silica fine particles.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably in the range of 200-2000.
- a tetraalkoxysilane represented by the general formula (4) is used in a molar ratio [H0] / [OR] ⁇ i.0 or more, preferably 1 ⁇ 0 to 5 .0, more preferably 1.0
- a partial hydrolyzate and / or a complete hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolysis in the presence of water in an amount of ⁇ 3.0, and preferably in the presence of an acid or base catalyst, can be used.
- partially hydrolyzed products obtained by hydrolysis in the presence of an acid catalyst and Z or completely hydrolyzed products tend to form a two-dimensional cross-linked structure, so that the porosity of the dried film tends to increase. .
- the hydrolysis may be carried out under any suitable conditions.
- the hydrolysis can be performed by stirring and mixing these materials at a temperature of 5 to 30 ° C. for 10 minutes to 2 hours.
- the obtained hydrolyzate is reacted at 40 to 100 ° C. for 2 to 10 hours, for example.
- a desired silicone resin can be obtained.
- the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) is a copolymerized hydrolyzate of a hydrolyzable organosilane and a hydrolyzable organosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group.
- Examples of the tetrafunctional hydrolyzable onoleganosilane include a tetrafunctional organoalkoxysilane represented by the general formula (4).
- an organosilane having a structural unit represented by any of the following formulas (5) to (7) can be preferably used.
- R 3 is a fluoroalkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms
- R 4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group, or an aryl.
- A is an integer from :! to 12
- b + c is 2a
- b is an integer from 0 to 24
- c is an integer from 0 to 24.
- X is preferably a group having a fluoroalkylene group and an alkylene group.
- the ability to obtain a copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) can be obtained by mixing a hydrolyzable onoreganosilane and a hydrolyzable oneganosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, followed by hydrolysis and copolymerization.
- the copolymerization ratio of hydrolyzable onoleganosilane and hydrolyzable onoleganosilane having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group is not particularly limited.
- the ratio of organosilane is 99 / :! ⁇ Les, preferably to be 50/50.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 to 5,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 200, the film-forming ability may be inferior. On the other hand, if the weight average molecular weight exceeds 5,000, the coating strength may decrease.
- the hydrolyzable organosilane (C) used in the present invention has a water-repellent (hydrophobic) straight chain portion and has two or more key atoms bonded to an alkoxy group in the molecule. Is . Desirably, the silicone alkoxide is bonded to at least both ends of the linear portion. In hydrolyzable organosilane (C), there are 2 or more silicone alkoxides.
- silicone alkoxides There is no particular upper limit on the number of silicone alkoxides. It can be mentioned that the straight chain portion is fluorine-based.
- the linear portion of the dialkylsiloxy-based hydrolyzable organosilane (C) includes a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- R 2 is an alkyl group, and n is an integer of 2 to 200
- the water repellency of the straight chain portion is insufficient and the effect of containing hydrolyzable onoleganosilane (C) can be sufficiently obtained.
- I ca n’t the compatibility with other matrix forming materials
- the transparency of the cured film may be adversely affected, or the appearance of the cured film may be uneven.
- dialkylsiloxy-based hydrolyzable organosilane (C) those represented by the following formulas (8), (10) and (11) can be used.
- R 2 and R are alkyl groups, and m is an integer from:! To 3
- the fluorine-based hydrolyzable organosilane (C) is not particularly limited, but specific examples thereof include those represented by the following formulas (12) to (15). it can.
- organosilane (C) in which three or more silicon atoms having an alkoxy group bonded to the linear portion are bonded as in formula (14) or formula (15) is particularly preferable.
- the water-repellent linear portion is more strongly bonded to the surface of the film, and the effect of making the surface of the cured film water-repellent can be enhanced. It can be done.
- a matrix-forming material is formed containing at least one of the hydrolyzate (A) and copolymer hydrolyzate (B) and hydrolyzable onoleganosilane (C).
- the mixing ratio of at least one of the hydrolyzate (A) and the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) and the hydrolyzable onoleganosilane (C) is not particularly limited, but is a mass ratio in terms of a condensed compound.
- (At least one of (A) and (B)) / (C) is 99 / :! ⁇ Les, preferably to be 50/50.
- the matrix material of the coating material composition for forming the cured film (II) contains at least one of a hydrolyzate (A) and a copolymerized hydrolyzate (B), and a silicone diol (D).
- a combination of hydrolyzate (A) and silicone diol (D), a combination of copolymer hydrolyzate (B) and silicone diol (D), hydrolyzate ( A combination of A), a copolymer hydrolyzate (B), and a silicone diol (D) can be used.
- the hydrolyzate (A) and copolymer hydrolyzate (B) are the hydrolyzate (A) and copolymer hydrolyzate (A) in the coating material composition forming the cured film (I), respectively.
- the same as B) can be used.
- the silicone diol (D) is a dimethyl type silicone diol represented by the above formula (3).
- the repeating number p of dimethylsiloxane is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 20 to 100. If p is less than 20, the effect of reducing frictional resistance may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- n exceeds 100, the compatibility with other matrix forming materials is deteriorated, the transparency of the cured film is lowered, and the cured film may be uneven in appearance.
- the amount of silicone diol (D) combined is The amount is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the coating material composition (condensed compound equivalent solid content of the hollow fine particles and matrix forming material).
- silicone diol (D) As a part of the matrix forming material in the coating material composition, the surface frictional resistance of the cured coating is reduced, and the scratch on the surface of the cured coating is reduced. It is hard to enter and can improve the scratch resistance.
- the dimethyl silicone diol used in the present invention is localized on the surface of the film when the film is formed, and does not impair the transparency of the film.
- the dimethyl type silicone diol has excellent compatibility with the matrix forming material, and the force is reactive with the silanol group of the matrix forming material.
- the dimethyl type silicone diol is fixed to the surface of the cured coating as a part of the matrix,
- the surface friction resistance of the cured film is reduced over a long period of time, which is not removed when wiping the surface of the cured film, such as when silicone oil that is methyl at both ends is mixed. Can be maintained.
- the coating material composition according to the present invention can be prepared by blending the matrix-forming material and hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the mass ratio between the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles and other components is not particularly limited, but the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles / other components (solid content) ) Is preferably in the range of 90/10 to 25/75, more preferably 75 / 25-35 / 65. If the amount of hollow fine particles or porous fine particles is more than 90% by mass, the mechanical strength of the cured film obtained by the coating material composition may be reduced. Conversely, if the amount of hollow fine particles or porous fine particles is less than 25% by mass, The effect of developing the low refractive index of the cured film may be reduced.
- the coating material composition can be added with silica particles whose outer shell is not hollow.
- the form of the silica particles having no voids is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a powder form or a sol form.
- silica particles are used in a zonole form, that is, colloidal silica, it is not particularly limited.
- water-dispersible colloidal silica or a hydrophilic organic solvent-dispersible colloid such as alcohol is used. be able to.
- such colloidal silica contains 20 to 50% by mass of silica as a solid content, and the amount of silica compounding can be determined from this value.
- the addition amount of silica particles having no voids is preferably 0.:! To 30% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the coating material composition. If the amount is less than 1% by mass, the effects of improving mechanical strength, surface smoothness, crack resistance and the like may not be sufficiently exhibited. If it exceeds 30% by mass, it may adversely affect the refractive index of the cured film.
- the coating material composition for forming the cured coating (III) is obtained by hydrolyzing the hydrolyzate (A) in a state where the hollow microparticles or porous microparticles are mixed with the hydrolyzate (A). It contains a rehydrated hydrolyzate and the following copolymer hydrolyzate (B).
- Copolymerized hydrolyzate with water-decomposable onoleganosilane is Copolymerized hydrolyzate with water-decomposable onoleganosilane.
- the hydrolyzate (A) As the hydrolyzate (A), the same hydrolyzate (A) in the coating material composition that forms the cured film (I) can be used. [0146] In preparing the hydrolyzate (A) by hydrolyzing hydrolyzable onoleganosilane, in the present invention, the hydrolyzate (A) is further hydrolyzed in a state where hollow fine particles or porous fine particles are mixed. The hydrolyzate (A) can be made into a rehydrolyzate in a state of being mixed with hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the hydrolyzate (A) reacts with the surface of the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles during hydrolysis, and the hydrolyzate (A) is chemically bonded to the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the affinity of the hydrolyzate (A) for hollow fine particles or porous fine particles can be increased.
- Hydrolysis in a state where hollow fine particles or porous fine particles are mixed is preferably performed at 20 to 30 ° C. If the reaction temperature is less than 20 ° C, the reaction will not proceed and the effect of increasing the affinity may be insufficient. If the reaction temperature exceeds 30 ° C, the reaction proceeds so fast that it is difficult to ensure a certain molecular weight, and the molecular weight becomes too large, which may reduce the film strength.
- hydrolyzable organosilane is hydrolyzed to prepare hydrolyzate (A)
- hollow fine particles or porous fine particles are added and mixed to further hydrolyze hydrolyzate (A) and recycle.
- the hydrolyzable onoleganosilane was hydrolyzed in a state of mixing the hollow fine particles or the porous fine particles to prepare the hydrolyzate (A), and at the same time, the hollow fine particles or the porous fine particles were mixed.
- a rehydrolysate in a state can also be obtained.
- hydrolyzate (B) the same hydrolyzate (B) in the coating material composition that forms the cured film (I) can be used.
- the rehydrolyzate obtained by mixing the hollow fine particles or the porous fine particles and the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) are mixed with the rehydrolyzate comprising the hydrolyzate (A).
- a coating material composition containing a mixture of the hydrolyzed product (B) as a matrix-forming material and hollow fine particles or porous fine particles as a filler can be obtained.
- the mass ratio of the rehydrolyzed product containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles comprising the hydrolyzate (A) and the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) is set in the range of 99 ::! To 50:50. Is preferred.
- the ratio of the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) is less than 1% by mass, water / oil repellency and antifouling properties may not be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by mass, the copolymer hydrolyzate (B) There is a possibility that the effect of lifting up will not appear remarkably, and the difference between the hydrolyzate (A) and the coating material composition obtained by simply mixing the copolymer hydrolyzate (B) may be eliminated.
- the copolymer hydrolyzate (B) can be mixed to prepare a coating material composition.
- the coating material composition is applied to the surface of the substrate to form a film, the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) tends to float and localize on the surface layer of the film.
- the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) is localized in the surface layer of the film in affinity to the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) having no particular affinity for hollow fine particles or porous fine particles is separated from the hollow fine particles or porous fine particles and floats on the surface layer of the coating.
- the substrate has a low affinity with the copolymer hydrolyzate (B) such as glass
- the copolymer hydrolyzate (B) is likely to be localized on the surface layer of the coating away from the substrate force. This trend is growing.
- the fluorine component contained in the copolymer hydrolyzate (B) is formed on the surface layer of the cured film.
- the water and oil repellency of the surface of the cured film can be increased, and the antifouling property of the surface of the cured film is improved.
- the present invention it is preferable to perform heat treatment after drying the coating formed on the surface of the transparent resin substrate.
- the mechanical strength of the cured coating can be improved by the heat treatment.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed at 80 to 150 ° C for 1 to 10 minutes.
- the thickness of the low refractive index layer is 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 30 to 500 nm. Further, as described above, the low refractive index layer may be a multi-layer as long as it is composed of at least one layer.
- the antireflection film used in the present invention when the refractive index of the substrate is 1.60 or less, a cured film having a refractive index exceeding 1.60 is formed on the surface of the substrate, and this is formed as an intermediate layer. Furthermore, a cured film of the coating material composition can be formed on the surface of the intermediate layer.
- the cured coating for forming the intermediate layer can be formed using a known high refractive index material, If the refractive index of the intermediate layer exceeds 1.60, the difference in refractive index from the cured film of the coating material composition becomes large, and an antireflection film excellent in antireflection performance can be obtained. Further, in order to alleviate coloring of the antireflection film, it is possible to form the intermediate layer with a plurality of layers having different refractive indexes.
- the antireflection film used in the present invention has a maximum value of reflectivity in light of an incident angle of 5 degrees and a wavelength of 430 nm to 700 nm from the viewing side, usually 1.4% or less, preferably 1. 3% or less, more preferably 1.1% or less.
- the reflectance at a wavelength of 550 nm with an incident angle of 5 degrees is usually 0.7% or less, preferably 0.6% or less.
- the maximum value of reflectance at a wavelength of 430 nm to 700 nm at an incident angle of 20 degrees is usually 1.5% or less, preferably 1.4% or less.
- the reflectance at an incident angle of 20 ° and a wavelength of 550 nm is usually 0.9% or less, preferably 0.8% or less.
- the antireflection film has a reflectance fluctuation of usually 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, before and after the steel wool test.
- the steel wool test is a test in which the surface of the antireflection film is rubbed back and forth 10 times with a load of 0.025 MPa applied to steel wool # 0000. The reflectivity is measured five times at five different locations in the plane, and the arithmetic mean value of those measured values is calculated.
- the change in reflectance (A R) before and after the steel wool test was determined by the following formula.
- Rb represents the reflectance before the steel wool test
- Ra represents the reflectance after the steel wool test.
- the antireflection film constituting the present invention has a total light transmittance of usually 94% or more, preferably 96% or more.
- the fluctuation of the total light transmittance before and after the steel wool test is usually within 10%, preferably within 8%, more preferably within 6%.
- Total light transmittance was measured 5 times at 5 different locations in the plane using “Durbidity Meter NDH_300A” manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. according to ASTM D1003. From the arithmetic mean of the values calculate. Change in total light transmittance (AR) before and after steel wool test is obtained by the following formula.
- Rc represents the total light transmittance before the steel wool test
- Rd represents the total light transmittance after the steel wool test
- a prism array sheet, a lens array sheet, a light diffusion plate, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, a brightness enhancement film, and the like can be arranged in one or more layers at appropriate positions.
- a cold cathode tube, a mercury flat lamp, a light emitting diode, an electrification luminescence, or the like can be used as the knock light.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- the transflective liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1 includes, in order from the bottom, a backlight (22) and a light guide plate (21), an incident side polarizer (20), a half-wave plate (19) and a quarter wave plate.
- An optical anisotropic body composed of a wave plate (14) and a half wave plate (13), an output side polarizer (12), and an antireflection film (10) are provided.
- the half-wave plate (13) and the quarter-wave plate (14), and the half-wave plate (19) and the quarter-wave plate (18) cross the slow axis at an angle of about 60 °. Yes.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 2 includes, in order from the bottom, a reflective liquid crystal cell composed of a reflector (37), a liquid crystal layer (36) and a transparent electrode (35), a quarter-wave plate (34) and An optical anisotropic body composed of a half-wave plate (33), an output-side polarizer (32), and an antireflection film (31) are provided.
- the half-wave plate (33) and the quarter-wave plate (34) have their slow axes intersecting at an angle of about 60 °.
- a color filter layer is further provided on the upper side of the reflective liquid crystal cell.
- the CB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a CB mode liquid crystal cell, a pair of an exit side polarizer and an entrance side polarizer sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and an optical compensator.
- the output-side polarizer includes an antireflection film on a surface far from the liquid crystal cell, and the antireflection film
- the stop layer film is a laminate including a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less having a cured silicone coating force containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles.
- the optical compensator has in-plane letter retardation Re, and the refractive index changes in the thickness direction where the average refractive index in the thickness direction is smaller than the average refractive index in the plane.
- An OCB-mode liquid crystal cell includes a substrate having a transparent electrode having an alignment film formed on a pair of surfaces, and a nematic liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrates.
- a liquid crystal that performs bend alignment in a liquid crystal cell to which a voltage is applied is generally used. Then, the angular force of the nematic liquid crystal director relative to the substrate changes depending on the change in the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell.
- the angle of the nematic liquid crystal director relative to the substrate increases as the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell increases, the birefringence decreases, and an image is given by the change in birefringence.
- the bend alignment of the liquid crystal means that the director of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is axisymmetric with respect to the center line of the liquid crystal layer and has a bend portion at least in the region near the substrate.
- a bend portion is a portion where a line formed by a director in a region near the substrate is bent.
- the bend alignment of liquid crystal means that the angle (alignment angle) between the director of the liquid crystal molecules and the substrate surface is an almost parallel angle near the substrate, and gradually increases toward the center of the liquid crystal layer. This means that it changes gradually and continuously so as to form an angle perpendicular to the substrate surface and to be substantially parallel to the opposing substrate surface as it is away from the center of the liquid crystal layer.
- the director Near the center between the substrates, the director may be twisted. Further, the director in the region close to the upper and lower substrates, the region, or the contact region may be tilted or tilted from the substrate surface, or may have a good angle (ie, may have a tilt angle).
- the CB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention a pair of an exit side polarizer and an entrance side polarizer are arranged with an OCB mode liquid crystal cell interposed therebetween.
- the transmission axes of the pair of polarizers are usually arranged at right angles.
- the polarizer placed on the viewer side of the CB mode liquid crystal display device is called the exit side polarizer, and the polarizer placed on the back side of the liquid crystal cell as viewed from the viewer side is the entrance side polarizer. Call it.
- the polarizer the same polarizer that can be used in the reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device can be used.
- the exit side polarizer used in the CB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal cell.
- An antireflection film is included on the far surface, and the antireflection film is a laminate including a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.37 or less, which is a silicone cured coating force containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles. .
- the antireflection film the same antireflection film that can be used for the reflection type or transflective liquid crystal display device can be used.
- the CB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes an optical compensation plate either between the output-side polarizer and the liquid crystal cell or between the input-side polarizer and the liquid crystal cell.
- the optical compensator has in-plane letter Re, and the refractive index changes in the thickness direction where the average refractive index in the thickness direction is smaller than the average refractive index in the surface.
- This optical compensator is provided at least between the polarizer and the liquid crystal cell.
- the arrangement of the optical compensator is not particularly limited, and the antireflection film / output side polarizer / optical compensator / liquid crystal cell Z incident side polarizer; antireflection film Z output side polarizer Z liquid crystal cell Z optical compensation Plate Z incident side polarizer; antireflection film / outgoing side polarizer / optical compensation plate / liquid crystal cell Z optical compensation plate / incident side polarizer.
- the in-plane letter Re of the optical compensator is usually 200 nm or less, more preferably lOO nm or less. By having an in-plane letter range within this range, color compensation is made when viewed from the front, and a display screen with a good color can be seen.
- the optical compensator used in the present invention has an average refractive index in the thickness direction smaller than the in-plane average refractive index. That is, when the main refractive index in the optical compensator plane is n and n and the refractive index in the thickness direction is n, the relationship of (n + n) / 2> n is satisfied.
- the difference between the in-plane refractive index (n + n) / 2 and the thickness direction refractive index n is preferably 20 / d to 400 / d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the optical compensator. .
- the optical compensator used in the present invention has an average refractive index n in the thickness direction as a whole.
- the refractive index n in the thickness direction is the thickness.
- the in-plane letter decision Re is included, and the average refractive index n in the thickness direction is the in-plane average refractive index (n
- An optical compensator having a refractive index n in the thickness direction smaller than Z2 can be obtained by a liquid crystalline optical film in which the orientation form of the discotic liquid crystal is fixed.
- This A liquid crystalline optical film can be obtained by applying a discotic liquid crystal on a substrate, aligning it and fixing it.
- the lettering and refractive index are values in the liquid crystal layer portion excluding the substrate portion.
- the same substrate as the transparent resin substrate used when forming the antireflection film can be used as the substrate.
- what consists of a uniaxial optical anisotropic body and a biaxial optical anisotropic body can be used for a base material.
- the discotic liquid crystal is a liquid crystal expressed by molecules having a mesogen in a disk-like shape with high planarity.
- a feature of discotic liquid crystals is that the refractive index in a very small region in the liquid crystal layer is negatively uniaxial.
- the refractive index n in a certain plane is equal.
- the direction perpendicular to the plane is the director (optical axis), and n> n where the refractive index in the director direction is n.
- the director in such a minute region is the liquid crystal layer e 0 e
- the refractive index characteristics and thus the optical characteristics of the resulting structure are determined.
- the director is directed in the same direction throughout the liquid crystal layer, a negative uniaxial structure is formed.
- the director is at the normal of the substrate, it is called homeotropic orientation, and when the director is inclined at a certain angle from the normal of the substrate, it is called tilt orientation.
- the optical compensator used in the present invention can be obtained by forming a hybrid alignment in which the director of the discotic liquid crystal gradually changes in the thickness direction.
- the preferred angle range in the film thickness direction of the hybrid orientation is that the minimum angle between the director and the optical compensator surface (angle between 0 ° and 90 °) is the upper or lower surface of the optical compensator.
- the angle is normally 60 ° or more and 90 ° or less, and the opposite surface is usually 0 ° or more and 50 ° or less. More preferably, the absolute value of one angle is not less than 80 ° and not more than 90 °, and the absolute value of the other angle is not less than 0 ° and not more than 40 °.
- a biaxial or uniaxial optically anisotropic film, sheet or plate is further disposed between the polarizer and the liquid crystal cell. The power to do S.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an aspect of the OCB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- the OCB mode LCD shown in Fig. 3 has a backlight, light guide plate (not shown), It includes an emission side polarizer (121B), an optical compensation plate (122B), an OCB mode liquid crystal cell (123), an optical compensation plate (122A), an emission side polarizer (121A), and an antireflection film (120).
- the incident side polarizer (121B) is used by being sandwiched between the optical compensator (122B) and the protective film (124).
- the output-side polarizer (121A) is used by being sandwiched between the optical compensation plate (122A) and the antireflection film (120).
- the exit side polarizer (121A) and the entrance side polarizer (121B) are arranged so that their transmission axes (axis indicated by double arrows) are orthogonal.
- the optical compensators (122A) and (122B) are arranged so that the rubbing directions (directions indicated by arrows) are parallel to each other and 45 ° with respect to the transmission axis of the output-side polarizer (121A). Furthermore, the rubbing direction of the optical compensators (122A) and (122B) (the direction indicated by the arrows) is opposite to the rubbing direction (the direction indicated by the arrows) of the glass plates on both sides of the liquid crystal cell (123).
- Hexafunctional urethane atallylate oligomer (Shin Nakamura Igaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., NK Oligo U-6HA) 30 parts by mass, Butyl atylate 40 parts by mass, Isobornyl metatalylate (Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) NK ester IB) 30 parts by mass and 2, 2_diphenylethane _ 1 _one 10 parts by mass were mixed using a homogenizer, and antimony pentoxide fine particles (average particle size 20 nm, antimony atoms with hydroxyl groups appearing on the surface of the pyrochlore structure) 40 mass% methylisobutyl ketone solution is mixed in such a ratio that the mass of antimony pentoxide fine particles accounts for 50 mass% of the total solid content of the hard coat layer forming composition.
- a composition HI for forming a hard coat layer was prepared.
- Tetraethoxysilane 16.6 mass parts methanol 392. 6 mass parts added to heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane CF (CF) CH CH Si (OC H) 11.7 mass
- isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol of hollow silica (Catalyst Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle diameter of about 60 nm, outer shell thickness of about 10 nm, solid content of 20% by mass) as fluorine silica fine particles is hydrolyzed with fluorine Z silicone
- the hollow silica fine particle Z copolymer hydrolyzate (B) (condensed compound equivalent) is blended so that the mass ratio is 50Z50 based on the solid content, and then the total solid content is 1 mass 0 / 0 becomes as isopropyl alcohol Z butyl acetate / Puchiruse port cellosolve mixture (5% by mass acetic acid heptyl in the total amount of the solution after dilution, 2 mass% in the total amount was premixed so that Puchiruse port cellosolve was diluted with a solution), solution, hollow silica fine particles and a copolymer hydrolyzate (B)
- hollow silica isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol Catalytic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., average primary particle diameter of about 60 nm, outer shell thickness of about 10 nm, solid content of 20% by mass
- silica fine particle (A) Hollow silica fine particles / hydrolyzate (A) (condensation compound equivalent) is blended so that the mass ratio is 60/40 based on the solid content, and then the total solid content is 1 mass%.
- Dilute with isopropyl alcohol / butyl acetate / butyl solvate solution (a solution that has been mixed in advance so that 5% by mass of the diluted solution is butyl acetate and 2% by mass of butyl acetate is butyl acetate). Furthermore, a solution obtained by diluting dimethylsiliconediol (n 250) with ethyl acetate to a solid content of 1% by mass is obtained with respect to the total solid content of the hollow silica fine particles and the hydrolyzate (A) (condensed compound equivalent). Dimethyl silico
- the coating material composition L2 for forming the low refractive index layer was prepared by adding the solid diol to a solid content of 2% by mass.
- the mixture was stirred for 1 hour in a constant temperature bath at 25 ° C. to obtain a matrix-forming material (condensed compound equivalent solid content 10% by mass).
- isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol of hollow silica (catalyst) Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. adds average primary particle diameter of about 60nm, outer shell thickness of about 10nm, solid content of 20% by mass) to silicone hydrolyzate (A), hollow silica fine particle / matrix forming material (condensation compound equivalent) ) Is blended so that the mass ratio is 40/60 based on the solid content, and then the isopropyl alcohol Z butyl acetate Z butyl sequestrate sorb mixture solution (diluted solution) so that the total solid content S is 1 mass%.
- the solution is diluted with 5% by weight of the total amount of plutyl acetate and 2% by weight of the total amount of butyl cellosolve, and then mixed with dimethyl silicone diol (n 40) with ethyl acetate.
- the solution diluted so that the solid content is 1% by mass is adjusted so that the solid content of the dimethyl silicone diol is 2% by mass with respect to the sum of the solid content of the hollow silica fine particles and the matrix forming material (condensation compound equivalent).
- a coating material composition L3 for forming a low refractive index layer was prepared.
- This mixed solution was stirred in a constant temperature bath at 25 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a silicone hydrolyzate (A) having a weight average molecular weight adjusted to 780 as a matrix forming material.
- isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol of hollow silica (Catalyst Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle diameter of about 60 nm, outer shell thickness of about 10 nm, solid content of 20% by mass) as hollow silica fine particles is obtained as a silicone hydrolyzate (A)
- the hollow silica fine particles / silicone hydrolyzate (condensation compound equivalent) is blended so that the mass ratio is 50/50 based on the solid content, and further stirred for 2 hours in a 25 ° C constant temperature bath, and the weight average A rehydrolyzed product having a molecular weight adjusted to 980 was obtained (condensed compound equivalent solid content 10 mass%).
- Compound / copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) is blended so that the solid content is 80/20, and then the isopropyl alcohol / butyl acetate / ptylcellosolve mixture (diluted so that the total solid content is 1% by mass)
- a coating material composition for forming a low refractive index layer is prepared by diluting 5% by mass of the total amount of the later solution with a solution mixed beforehand so that 2% by mass of the total amount of the solution is ptyl acetate and 2% by mass of the total amount is ptylcetone sorb.
- the mixed solution was stirred in a constant temperature bath at 25 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a matrix forming material (condensed compound equivalent solid content 10%).
- hollow silica IPA (isopropanol) dispersion sol solid content 20% by mass, average primary particle diameter of about 60 nm, outer shell thickness of about 10 nm, manufactured by Catalyst Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- the hollow silica fine particles / porous fine particles Z matrix forming material is blended so that the mass ratio is 30Z10Z60 based on the solid content, and then the total solid content is 1%.
- dimethyl silicone diol (n 250) was solidified with ethyl acetate.
- the solution diluted to / o is diluted with the solid content of the hollow silica fine particles and the matrix forming material (condensation compound equivalent).
- the composition L5 for forming a low refractive index layer was prepared by adding so that the solid content of the silicone diol was 2% by mass.
- isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol of hollow silica (Catalyst Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle diameter of about 60 nm, outer shell thickness of about 10 nm, solid content of 20% by mass) as a hollow silica fine particle is hydrolyzed with fluorine / silicone copolymer.
- the hollow silica fine particles / copolymerized hydrolyzate (B) / silicone complete hydrolyzate (condensed compound equivalent) is blended so that the mass ratio is 50/40/10 based on the solid content
- an isopropyl alcohol / butyl acetate / butyl solvate solubilized mixture so that the total solid content is 1% by mass (5% by mass of the diluted solution is 5% by mass of butyl acetate, and 2% by mass of the total amount is butyl
- the low refractive index layer can be obtained by adding so that the solid component force of dimethyl silicone diol is 4 mass% with respect to the sum of the solid components of B) and the complete hydrolyzate of silicone (condensed compound equivalent).
- a coating material composition L6 for formation was prepared.
- Tetraethoxysilane 166.4 parts by mass, methanol (493.1 parts by mass), and 0.000 Carry 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid 30 ⁇ 1 part by mass (“HO” / “ ⁇ R” 0.5) and use a disperser.
- the mixture was stirred in a constant temperature bath at 25 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a matrix-forming material having a weight average molecular weight adjusted to 950 (condensed compound equivalent solid content 10% by mass).
- isopropyl alcohol dispersion sol of hollow silica (Catalyst Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle diameter of about 60 nm, outer shell thickness of about 10 nm, solid content of 20% by mass) as hollow silica fine particles is obtained as a silicone hydrolyzate (A)
- the hollow silica fine particle Z copolymer hydrolysis (B) (condensation compound equivalent) is blended so that the mass ratio is 30/70 based on the solid content, and then the total solid content is 1 mass%.
- a 75 / im thick PVA film (Kuraray Co., Ltd., Vinylon # 7500) is attached to the chuck, and 240 ° C. in an aqueous solution containing 0.2 g / L of silicon and 60 g / L of potassium iodide at 30 ° C. Soaked for 2 seconds. Next, it was uniaxially stretched 6.0 times in an aqueous solution containing 70 g / L of boric acid and 30 g / L of potassium iodide, followed by boric acid treatment for 5 minutes. Finally, by drying at room temperature for 24 hours, a polarizer G having an average thickness of 30 x m and a polarization degree of 99. 95% was obtained.
- a triacetyl cellulose film (Koni Minolta Co., Ltd., KC8UX2M) was coated with 25 mLZm 2 of a 1.5 mol / L isopropyl alcohol solution of potassium hydroxide and dried at 25 ° C. for 5 seconds. The surface of the film was dried by washing with running water for 10 seconds and blowing air at 25 ° C. In this way, one surface of the triacetyl cellulose film Only saponified.
- the polarizer G obtained in Production Example 12 was bonded to the saponified surface by a roll-to-roll method using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive to obtain a polarizer P.
- the raw film 1 obtained in Production Example 1 is heated at an oven temperature (preheating temperature, stretching temperature, heat setting temperature) of 140 ° C, a stretching speed of 6 m / min, and a longitudinal stretching ratio of 1.5 times using a stretching machine.
- the film was stretched at a magnification of 1.3 to obtain optically anisotropic bodies C1 and C2, respectively.
- the obtained optical anisotropy C1 and C2 has a wavelength value (Re (550)) of 550 nm.
- optical anisotropy C2 is attached to one side of the optical anisotropy C1 via an acrylic adhesive (Sumitomo 3EM, DP-8005 clear), and the crossing angle of each slow axis is A bonded optically anisotropic body C3 was obtained so that the angle was 59 °.
- the original film 2 was stretched obliquely in the direction of 13 ° with respect to the width direction using a tenter stretching machine at a stretching temperature of 138 ° C, a stretching ratio of 1.5 times, and a stretching speed of 115% / min.
- the optical anisotropic body C4 was obtained by scraping it into a roll over 00 m.
- the optical anisotropic body C1 obtained in Production Example 12 is passed through an acrylic adhesive (DP-8005 Clear, manufactured by Sumitomo 3EM Co., Ltd.), and the slow axis of each is intersected. Bonded optical anisotropic body C5 was obtained so that the difference angle was 59 °.
- the raw film 1 obtained in Production Example 1 is oven temperature (preheating temperature, stretching temperature, heat setting temperature) 170 ° C, film feeding speed 6mZ, longitudinal stretching ratio 1.75 times 1. Stretched at a magnification of 45 times to obtain optically anisotropic bodies C6 and C7, respectively.
- the obtained optical anisotropic bodies C6 and C7 had a letter value Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of 265 ° and 132.5 °, respectively.
- the above optical anisotropic body C7 is passed through an acrylic adhesive (DP-8005 clear, manufactured by Sumitomo 3EM) and the crossing angle of each slow axis is 59 °.
- an optically anisotropic body C8 was obtained.
- One side of M was coated with 25 mL Zm 2 of a 1.5 molar ZL isopropyl alcohol solution of potassium hydroxide and dried at 25 ° C. for 5 seconds.
- the surface of the film was dried by washing with running water for 10 seconds and blowing air at 25 ° C. In this way, only one surface of triacetyl cellulose final was saponified.
- a high-frequency transmitter (Tamtec, Corona Generator HV05-2) was used for corona discharge treatment at an output of 0.8 KW, and a double-sided substrate film with a surface tension of 0.055 N / m was applied. Obtained.
- the hard coat layer-forming composition HI obtained in Production Example 3 was applied to the surface of the base film that had been subjected to corona discharge treatment using a die coater, and was then placed in a drying oven at 80 ° C. And dried for 5 minutes to form a film. Subsequently, ultraviolet rays were applied (accumulated dose 300 mj / cm 2 ) to form a 5 / im thick hard coat layer, and a laminated film 1A was obtained.
- the hard coat layer had a refractive index of 1.62 and a pencil hardness of 2H.
- the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1 obtained in Production Example 4 was applied using a wire bar coater, and left to dry for 1 hour.
- the coated film was heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes in an oxygen atmosphere to form a low refractive index layer having a thickness of lOOnm.
- the surface of the saponified triacetyl cellulose and the polarizer G obtained in Production Example 11 were bonded together by a roll-to-roll method using a polybulal alcohol adhesive, and a polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC Substrate) 2A was obtained.
- TAC Substrate a polarizer with a low refractive index layer
- the hard coat layer forming composition HI obtained in Production Example 3 was applied to one side of the base film using a die coater and dried in an oven at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes. A film was formed. Next, ultraviolet rays were applied (accumulated dose 300 mjZcm 2 ) to form a hard coat layer having a thickness, and a laminated film 1B was obtained. The refractive index of the hard coat layer was 1.62, and the pencil hardness was H.
- the product L3 was applied using a wire bar coater, left to dry for 1 hour, and the resulting coating was heat-treated at 120 ° C for 10 minutes in an oxygen atmosphere to give a low refractive index of lOOnm. A layer was formed.
- the optical anisotropic body C3 obtained in Production Example 13 and the polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer obtained in Production Example 14 are laminated on the transmission axis of the polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer and the optical anisotropic body C3.
- the optically anisotropic body C1 is laminated so that the crossing angle of the slow axis of C1 is 15 °, and the C1 side of the optical anisotropic body C3 is in contact with the polarizer side of the polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer.
- An observer side polarizer POl was fabricated.
- the optical anisotropic body C1 obtained in Production Example 13 and the polarizer P obtained in Production Example 12 are laminated on the transmission axis of the polarizer P and the optical anisotropic body C3.
- the backlight side polarizer PB1 was fabricated by laminating so that the crossing angle of the slow axis was 15 ° and the C1 side of the optical anisotropic body C3 was in contact with the polarizer P side of the polarizer P.
- Example 1 Production of liquid crystal display device 1
- the TN mode liquid crystal cell used had a pretilt angle of 2 degrees on the both interfaces of the substrate, a twist angle of 70 degrees to the left, an And of 230 nm for the reflective display section, and approximately 262 nm for the transmissive display section.
- the liquid crystal film thickness was 3.5 ⁇ in the reflective electrode area (reflection display area) and 4.0 zm in the transparent electrode area (transmission display area).
- the viewer-side polarizer P01 obtained in Production Example 18 and the liquid crystal cell, and the backlight-side polarizer PB1 obtained in Production Example 19 are laminated in this order, and then contacted with the backlight-side polarizer. In the same manner, a diffusion sheet, a light guide plate, and a knock light were assembled in this order to produce a liquid crystal display device 1.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 1.
- polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer in Production Example 18 was used in the same manner as in Production Example 18 except that the polarizer on the observer side P ⁇ 2 was obtained.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer P02 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 2.
- a polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC base material) 2A was used in place of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC base material) 2A, except that the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (COP base material) 2C obtained in Production Example 15 was used.
- the observer side polarizer P03 was obtained in the same manner as above.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer P03 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 3.
- Production Example 16 it was obtained in Production Example 7 instead of the composition L1 for forming a low refractive index layer.
- a low refractive index layer-attached polarizer (TAC substrate) 2D was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 16 except that the low refractive index layer forming composition L4 was used.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer P04 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 4.
- polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2D was used in the same manner as in Production Example 18 except that the polarizer on the observer side P ⁇ 5 was obtained.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer P05 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 5.
- the low refractive index layer forming composition L6 obtained in Production Example 9 was used in place of the low refractive index layer forming composition L1.
- a polarizer with a refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2F was obtained.
- the polarizer on the viewer side P06 was prepared in the same manner as in Production Example 18 except that a polarizer with low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2F was used. Obtained.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 6 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer P06 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 6.
- an observer-side polarizer P07 was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 18, except that the optical anisotropic body C5 obtained in Production Example 14 was used instead of the optical anisotropic body C3 in Production Example 18.
- a backlight-side polarizer PB2 was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 19, except that the optical anisotropic body C5 obtained in Production Example 14 was used instead of the optical anisotropic body C3.
- a liquid crystal display device 7 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer P07 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 7.
- Example 1 the backlight polarizer obtained in Example 7 was used in place of the observer-side polarizer P08 instead of the observer-side polarizer PO1, and the knock-side polarizer PB1.
- a liquid crystal display device 8 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that PB2 was used.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 8.
- the optical anisotropic body C8 obtained in Production Example 15 and the polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer obtained in Production Example 14 are laminated on the transmission axis of the polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer and the optical anisotropic body C8.
- the optically anisotropic body C6 is laminated so that the crossing angle of the slow axis of the C6 is 15 °, and the C6 side of the optical anisotropic body C8 is in contact with the polarizer side of the polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer.
- An observer side polarizer P09 was fabricated.
- the optical anisotropic body C6 obtained by stacking the optical anisotropic body C8 obtained in Production Example 15 and the polarizer P obtained in Production Example 12 on the transmission axis of the polarizer P and the optical anisotropic body C8.
- the observer side polarizer PB3 was fabricated by laminating so that the crossing angle of the slow axis was 15 ° and the C6 side of the optical anisotropic body C8 and the polarizer P of the polarizer P were in contact.
- Example 1 instead of the observer-side polarizer POl, the observer-side polarizer P09 is changed to A liquid crystal display device 9 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the knocklight side polarizer PB3 was used instead of the knocklight side polarizer PB1.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 9.
- the low refractive index layer forming composition L1 is not applied, and the corona discharge treatment is performed on the surface having the hard coat layer of the laminated film 1A, the MgF layer 89 nm, the TiO layer
- An observer-side polarizer PO 10 was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 16 except that the antireflection film having a three-layer structure was produced by laminating under conditions.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer PO10 was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 10.
- the low refractive index layer forming composition L7 obtained in Production Example 10 was used in place of the low refractive index layer forming composition L1.
- a polarizer with a refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2F was obtained.
- polarizer 2A with a low refractive index layer in Production Example 18 was used in the same manner as in Production Example 18 except that the polarizer on the observer side POl l Got.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device 11 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the observer side polarizer POl l was used instead of the observer side polarizer POl.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the manufactured liquid crystal display device 11.
- an in-plane slow axis of an optical anisotropic body at a wavelength of 550 nm under the conditions of temperature 20 ⁇ 2 ° C and humidity 60 ⁇ 5% seeking direction the refractive index in the in-plane slow axis direction n
- the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the plane n the refractive Oriritsu n in the thickness direction is measured.
- the panel with black display was visually observed and evaluated in two stages.
- a rectangular wave voltage of 1 kHz was applied to the manufactured transflective liquid crystal display device.
- White display 0V, black display 4. 5V was evaluated visually.
- Pellets of norbornene polymer (Nippon ZEON Co., Ltd., ZEONOR 1420R, glass transition temperature 136 ° C, saturated water absorption less than 0.01% by mass) were dried at 110 ° C for 4 hours using a hot air dryer.
- a leaf disk-shaped polymer filter (filtering accuracy 30 ⁇ m) is installed, and the tip average of the die lip is chrome-plated with an arithmetic average roughness RaO. 04 ⁇ , with a coat hanger type T-die with a lip width of 650 mm
- the pellets were melt extruded at 260 ° C. using a single screw extruder to obtain a long film-like substrate 1A having a film thickness of 100 ⁇ m and a width of 600 mm.
- the saturated water absorption of the obtained base material 1A was less than 0.01% by mass.
- the in-plane letter decision Re was 2 nm.
- Liquid crystalline discotic compound 1. 8 parts by mass, ethylene glycol-modified trimethylol propane acrylate, 0.2 part by mass, cellulose acetate butyrate 0.04 part by mass, photopolymerization initiator (Ciba Gaigi Co., Ltd., Irgacure 907) 0.06 parts by mass and sensitizer (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., CACURE ONE DETX) 0.02 parts by mass were dissolved in 3.43 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating solution. This coating solution was applied to the alignment film using a # 3 wire bar, and the coating film was immersed in a 120 ° C constant temperature bath for 3 minutes to orient the disc cotique compound.
- the coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 1 minute at 120 ° C. using a high-temperature mercury lamp (120 WZcm). After cooling to room temperature, an optical compensator having a layer containing a discotic compound having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m was obtained. The average tilt angle of the optical axis angle was 21 degrees, and the thickness direction letter direction of the liquid crystal layer was 117 ⁇ m.
- the exit side polarizer is arranged on the cell viewing side so that the liquid crystal layer faces the cell, and the entrance side polarizer is placed on the opposite side of the viewing side so that the liquid crystal layer faces the cell.
- the side polarizer and the incident side polarizer were in a crossed Nicol relationship, and the rubbing direction of the glass substrate and the optical compensation rubbing direction were arranged in opposite directions and parallel to obtain a liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device.
- the antireflection layer 120, the exit side polarizer 121 ⁇ , the optical compensator 122, the OCB mode liquid crystal cell 123, the optical compensator 122, the entrance side polarizer 121 ⁇ , and the protective film 124 are stacked in this order.
- Example 10 (Production of liquid crystal display device 13)
- the low refractive index layer forming composition L2 obtained in Production Example 5 was used in place of the low refractive index layer forming composition L1.
- a polarizer with a refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2 mm was obtained.
- Example 9 the same method as in Example 9 was used except that 2 mm of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) was used instead of 2 mm of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) in Example 9.
- TAC substrate 2 mm of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer
- TAC substrate 2 mm of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer
- Example 11 (Production of liquid crystal display device 14)
- a liquid crystal display device 14 was produced in the same manner as described above. The evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 3 are shown in Table 2.
- Example 12 (Production of liquid crystal display device 15)
- the low refractive index layer-forming composition L4 obtained in Production Example 7 was used instead of the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1, except that the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1 was prepared in the same manner as in Production Example 16.
- a polarizer with a refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2D was obtained.
- Example 9 In place of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2A in Example 9, this polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2E was used. A liquid crystal display device 16 was produced by this method. The evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 16 are shown in Table 2.
- the low refractive index layer-forming composition L6 obtained in Production Example 9 was used in place of the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1, except that the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1 was prepared in the same manner as in Production Example 16.
- a polarizer with a refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2F was obtained.
- Example 9 In place of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2A in Example 9 and the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2F was used, the same as in Example 9 A liquid crystal display device 17 was produced by this method. The evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 17 are shown in Table 2.
- Example 9 a triacetyl cellulose film (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., front lettering 5 nm, thickness direction lettering 40 nm) was used.
- a liquid crystal display device 18 was produced in the same manner as in Example 9 except that was produced. The evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 18 are shown in Table 3.
- the low refractive index layer-forming composition L7 obtained in Production Example 10 was used in place of the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1, except that the low refractive index layer-forming composition L1 was prepared in the same manner as in Production Example 16.
- a polarizer with a refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2G was obtained.
- Example 9 In place of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2A in Example 9 and using this polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2G, the same as in Example 9 A liquid crystal display device 19 was produced by this method.
- the evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 19 are shown in Table 3.
- a polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2H was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 16, except that the antireflection film having a three-layer structure was produced.
- Example 9 In place of the polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2A in Example 9 and using this polarizer with a low refractive index layer (TAC substrate) 2H, the same as in Example 9 A liquid crystal display device 20 was produced by this method.
- the evaluation results of the obtained liquid crystal display device 20 are shown in Table 3.
- ELDIM EZ_Contrastl 60D
- Glare is a point or surface that is excessively bright in the field of view. This is the discomfort caused by seeing and the difficulty of seeing.
- ⁇ No glare, reflections, or image blur.
- spectrophotometer (Nippon Bunko Co., Ltd., UV-Vis near-infrared spectrophotometer V-550), measure the reflectance at an incident angle of 5 degrees. The measurement is performed five times at five different locations in the plane, and the arithmetic average value is used as the reflectance value.
- the change in reflectance is obtained by the following equation. Where Rb is the reflectivity before the steel wool test, and Ra is the reflectivity after the steel wool test.
- the change in the total light transmittance is obtained by the following formula.
- Rc represents the total light transmittance before the steel wool test
- Rd represents the total light transmittance after the steel wool test.
- the anti-reflective layer has a cured silicone coating containing hollow silica fine particles. It has a low refractive index layer with a refractive index of 1. 33-1.
- the OCB mode liquid crystal display devices of Examples 9 to 14 provided with a high compensation plate in which the refractive index changes in the thickness direction where the average refractive index in the thickness direction is smaller than the average refractive index in the plane.
- Reflectance force S Small contrast ratio and large viewing angle
- the black reflected color is excellent in broadband and excellent in visibility with no glare, reflections and image blurring.
- scratch resistance is good, and changes in reflectance and total light transmittance when rubbed with steel wool are small.
- the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 4 that does not include an optical compensator has a small contrast ratio and a narrow vertical viewing angle.
- the MgF layer and TiO layer were laminated by sputtering.
- the liquid crystal display device has a blue reflection color and a poor broadband property.
- the reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a wide viewing angle and no reflection. It has excellent scratch resistance, good black display quality from any direction, and has characteristics of being homogeneous and having high contrast.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be suitably used as a display for a portable information terminal such as a personal computer, a cellular phone, a portable video game machine, and an electronic notebook.
- a portable information terminal such as a personal computer, a cellular phone, a portable video game machine, and an electronic notebook.
- the CB mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention at least one optical compensation plate is provided between the polarizer and the OCB mode liquid crystal cell, and the optical compensation plate has in-plane letter retardation. As a result, it is possible to cancel the in-plane letter decision of the liquid crystal cell during black display and to compensate for color.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has an antireflection layer provided on the far side of the liquid crystal cell of the output side polarizer, and the antireflection layer is made of a cured silicone film containing hollow fine particles or porous fine particles. With a low refractive index layer with a refractive index of 1.37 or less, it can be viewed with a wide viewing angle with a high contrast ratio even under strong external light.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is suitable as a liquid crystal display device that is used under strong external light due to a lot of dust for mopile and in-vehicle use. It is.
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Abstract
Description
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JP2004-374429 | 2004-12-24 | ||
JP2004374429A JP2006184302A (ja) | 2004-12-24 | 2004-12-24 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2004382815A JP4813793B2 (ja) | 2004-12-25 | 2004-12-25 | 反射型または半透過型液晶表示装置 |
JP2004-382815 | 2004-12-25 |
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WO2006068216A1 true WO2006068216A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
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PCT/JP2005/023584 WO2006068216A1 (ja) | 2004-12-24 | 2005-12-22 | 液晶表示装置 |
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KR (1) | KR20070092748A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200632476A (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
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JP2010537227A (ja) * | 2007-08-14 | 2010-12-02 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 光学フィルム及び光学フィルムの波長分散特性の調節方法 |
WO2019113596A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Scalable method of fabricating structured polymers for passive daytime radiative cooling and other applications |
Families Citing this family (1)
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KR102176854B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-05 | 2020-11-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 적층체 및 이를 포함하는 액정 표시 장치 |
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JP2000275434A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | セルロースの低級脂肪酸エステルフイルム用レターデーション上昇剤、光学補償シートおよび液晶表示装置 |
JP2001296423A (ja) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-10-26 | Teijin Ltd | 偏光板保護用透明フィルム及びそれを用いてなる偏光板 |
JP2002072209A (ja) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-12 | Sharp Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2004133034A (ja) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 反射防止膜、反射防止フィルム、および画像表示装置 |
JP2004258267A (ja) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 反射防止膜、反射防止膜の製造方法、反射防止部材 |
JP2004294566A (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-21 | Univ Shinshu | フォトニック結晶 |
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2005
- 2005-12-22 WO PCT/JP2005/023584 patent/WO2006068216A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-12-22 KR KR1020077016899A patent/KR20070092748A/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-22 TW TW094145834A patent/TW200632476A/zh unknown
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JP2000275434A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | セルロースの低級脂肪酸エステルフイルム用レターデーション上昇剤、光学補償シートおよび液晶表示装置 |
JP2001296423A (ja) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-10-26 | Teijin Ltd | 偏光板保護用透明フィルム及びそれを用いてなる偏光板 |
JP2002072209A (ja) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-12 | Sharp Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2004133034A (ja) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 反射防止膜、反射防止フィルム、および画像表示装置 |
JP2004258267A (ja) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 反射防止膜、反射防止膜の製造方法、反射防止部材 |
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JP2010537227A (ja) * | 2007-08-14 | 2010-12-02 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 光学フィルム及び光学フィルムの波長分散特性の調節方法 |
US8767297B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 | 2014-07-01 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Optical film and method of adjusting wavelength dispersion characteristics of the same |
US9448349B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 | 2016-09-20 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Optical film and method of adjusting wavelength dispersion characteristics of the same |
WO2019113596A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Scalable method of fabricating structured polymers for passive daytime radiative cooling and other applications |
US11940616B2 (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2024-03-26 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Scalable method of fabricating structured polymers for passive daytime radiative cooling and other applications |
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TW200632476A (en) | 2006-09-16 |
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