WO2006064616A1 - 生ごみ処理装置 - Google Patents
生ごみ処理装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006064616A1 WO2006064616A1 PCT/JP2005/020086 JP2005020086W WO2006064616A1 WO 2006064616 A1 WO2006064616 A1 WO 2006064616A1 JP 2005020086 W JP2005020086 W JP 2005020086W WO 2006064616 A1 WO2006064616 A1 WO 2006064616A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- garbage
- tank
- crushing
- treatment tank
- heating
- Prior art date
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum-iridium alloy Chemical class [Ir].[Pt] HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPGAAOUOSQHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ru] DPGAAOUOSQHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
- B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus for treating garbage discarded from homes, restaurants, hospitals, schools, food factories, and the like.
- So-called food waste from homes and restaurants includes organic substances such as starch, proteins, fats and oils (for example, cellulose) derived from cooking scraps and leftovers of various ingredients. ing. Of the waste that is separated as combustible waste, especially garbage is rich in moisture. For this reason, the amount of energy required to incinerate garbage increases.
- a disposer that pulverizes garbage, adds water to it, and discharges the crushed garbage as a slurry-like fluid into a drain pipe requires each individual to take out the treated garbage. Because there is almost no attention, it attracts particular attention.
- the disposer is activated after the disposer is turned on, and the continuous type in which the soot is continuously charged and pulverized, and the soot is stored in advance in the disposer, and the soot is crushed in one operation. There is a patch-type thing to do.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-8-224494
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-79519
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-208186
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-229294
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 have the following problems when it is difficult to crush the garbage itself.
- Patent Document 3 In the technique described in Patent Document 3, ozone, which is an oxidizing agent, is used for decomposing part of organic substances contained in volatile odorous substances and separated liquids, not for decomposing solid contents. It has been. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge the solid content separately. Patent Document 3 In this case, since the solid content remains large, if the solid content is allowed to flow as it is, problems such as clogging of pipes will occur.
- Patent Document 4 The technique described in Patent Document 4 is intended to completely decompose organic matter in garbage into diacid-carbon or the like by the action of electrolysis. Enormous energy is required for complete decomposition of organic matter. Furthermore, in Patent Document 4, since the electrolysis is performed at a high temperature in the presence of an organic substance, the deterioration of the electrode proceeds and the running cost increases. On the other hand, when sewers and biological treatment tanks are arranged in the latter stage, it is not necessary to completely decompose organic matter.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus that can easily reduce garbage efficiently by simple operation and that does not easily cause garbage clogging in a transportation pipe or the like.
- the present invention provides:
- a treatment tank having an inlet for charging garbage and containing garbage and an oxidant
- an oxidant supply means for supplying an oxidant to the treatment tank
- the present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus provided with at least crushing means for crushing the contents in the treatment tank.
- the term “garbage” refers to food waste, cooking scraps, etc. generated in ordinary households, restaurants, and canteens.
- food waste includes vegetables, fruits, meat, fish, cereals, and beverages.
- Such food waste contains polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose, proteins such as albumin and keratin, lipids, amino acids, saccharides, organic acids, and fatty acid salts as nutritional components.
- polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose
- proteins such as albumin and keratin
- lipids such as albumin and keratin
- amino acids such as saccharides
- organic acids such as fatty acid salts
- organic matter accounts for about 97%
- inorganic materials such as salt account for the remaining 3%.
- the accommodation means a mixture containing the above garbage and an oxidizing agent.
- the treatment tank discharges the material before and after crushing. It is preferable to have a discharge port.
- the above-described garbage processing apparatus further comprises (6) a crushing tank for storing the contents discharged from the processing tank, and crushing means is provided inside the crushing tank.
- the crushing tank preferably includes a discharge port for discharging the crushed contents.
- the garbage disposal apparatus further includes a temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature of the contents of the treatment tank, and a heating control unit that controls the heating unit using information obtained by the temperature measurement unit. Is preferred.
- the garbage treatment apparatus includes an electrolyzed water generating unit that generates water by electrolyzing water containing an electrolyte by an oxidizing agent supply unit, and the electrolyzed water generating unit is an electrolyzer that contains water containing an electrolyte. It is preferable to have an anode and a cathode arranged in a tank, an electrolytic cell, and an energizing device for energizing between the anode and the cathode.
- the electrolyte is at least one selected from the group power consisting of sodium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium salt, sodium bromide, calcium bromide, and potassium bromide. It is preferable to include.
- the garbage disposal apparatus further includes a pH measuring means for measuring the pH of the oxidizing agent and a pH control means for adjusting the pH of the oxidizing agent.
- the garbage treatment apparatus further includes a pH measurement unit that measures the pH of the oxidizing agent and a pH control unit that adjusts the pH of the oxidizing agent, and the pH adjusting agent is in the vicinity of the cathode of the electrolyzed water generation unit. It is preferable to contain cathodic water produced in
- the garbage processing apparatus further includes weight measuring means for detecting the weight of the processing tank.
- the garbage disposal apparatus further includes an open / close detection means for detecting an open / closed state of the lid, and the heating control means controls the heating means using information on the open / close detection means force.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention heats the garbage together with the oxidizing agent to soften the garbage, and the heated garbage is crushed. As a result, the particle size of garbage becomes smaller and , The affinity to water is improved. Moreover, even if the garbage is a high molecular weight product, it is easily hydrolyzed by heated water by improving the affinity for water by the oxidizing action of the oxidizing agent. This makes it easy to dissolve or disperse food waste in water. In addition, since the garbage after treatment is highly dispersible in water, even when the garbage is discharged together with water, sedimentation of the garbage and the resulting blockage of the piping will occur.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention it is possible to easily crush even garbage that has been difficult to crush in the past. For this reason, it is possible to save the trouble of throwing away garbage into several batches or dividing a large chunk into smaller chunks.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a garbage disposal apparatus 10 that is effective in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a garbage disposal device 20 that is useful in another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a garbage disposal apparatus 30 that is useful in still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of garbage after treatment in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the cumulative particle size distribution of garbage after treatment in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a graph in which the amount of settled garbage after treatment in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is observed every predetermined time.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the cumulative particle size distribution of garbage after treatment in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the cumulative particle size distribution of garbage after treatment in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the cumulative particle size distribution of garbage after treatment in Example 4 and Comparative Example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the cumulative particle size distribution of garbage after treatment in Examples 4, 6, and 8 and Comparative Example 4.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention has an input port for garbage, a treatment tank for containing garbage and an oxidizing agent, and an oxidizing agent for the treatment tank. At least an oxidizing agent supply means for supplying, a lid for closing a garbage input provided in the treatment tank, a heating means for heating the contents of the treatment tank, and a crushing means for pulverizing the garbage are provided.
- the treatment tank contains garbage and an oxidizing agent.
- the garbage In the treatment tank! / Garden, the garbage is heated with the oxidizer, and the garbage is softened.
- the garbage is heated together with the oxidizing agent. Therefore, it is preferable that the treatment tank is made of a material having sufficient durability against a pressure increase that is difficult to be corroded by an oxidizing agent in a heated state.
- a material having sufficient durability against a pressure increase that is difficult to be corroded by an oxidizing agent in a heated state examples include stainless steel (for example, SUS304 and SUS316), metathermal alloys such as Hastelloy Inconel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), and the like. Fluorine rosin is mentioned.
- the whole processing tank may be comprised with the above materials.
- at least the inner surface of the treatment tank that comes into contact with the garbage and the oxidizing agent may be configured or coated with the above materials.
- the inside of the treatment tank can be a sealed space so that water vapor or gas generated by the heating does not escape to the outside.
- the treatment tank can be hermetically sealed by providing the garbage treatment apparatus with a lid that can close the inlet provided in the treatment tank.
- the garbage and the oxidizing agent in the treatment tank are heated particularly at 100 ° C. or higher, the pressure in the treatment tank rises.
- the provided lid has a pressure resistance capable of sealing the treatment tank even in a high pressure state.
- the input port provided in the treatment tank is preferably as large as possible so that lump-like garbage can be input.
- the lid that closes the charging port is also configured with a pressure-resistant member like a pressure cooker lid.
- the pressure-resistant member includes a lid body made of the same material as the treatment tank, and a packing or O-ring made of a heat-resistant metal resin such as stainless alloy or fluorine resin. It is done.
- the treatment tank has a pressure regulating valve for releasing the internal vapor.
- a pressure regulating valve for releasing the internal vapor.
- the pressure resistance of the pressure regulating valve is preferably set to a value smaller than the strength of the treatment tank, for example, several MPa or less.
- the oxidizing agent supply means supplies an oxidizing agent to the treatment tank.
- the oxidant supply means include a tank comprising an oxidant tank and a valve for discharging the oxidant.
- the oxidizing agent includes an oxidizing substance.
- the oxidizing substance include ozone, hydrogen peroxide, halogen acid, hypohalous acid, permanganate ion, chlorine, dichromate ion, oxygen, chlorine dioxide, and hypochlorite ion.
- the halogen acid include chlorous acid, bromic acid, and iodic acid.
- hypohalous acid include hypochlorous acid, hypobromite, and hypoiodous acid.
- chlorous acid can be used as halogenous acid because of its strong acidity.
- Hypochlorous acid preferably hypochlorous acid or hypobromous acid, is preferred.
- the acid agent may contain only one kind of the above acidic substances, or may contain two or more kinds of acidic substances.
- the acidic substance as described above may be used as an oxidizing agent as it is, or water containing the acidic substance may be used as an oxidizing agent.
- the oxidizing agent is, for example, dissolved in the oxidizing substance in water or diluted in water containing a high concentration of an acidic substance.
- This can be produced.
- ozone generated in the air by an ozone generator is added to water, hydrogen peroxide (diluted for ease of storage) or liquid chlorine is added to water, sodium chlorite.
- sodium chlorite, calcium hypochlorite (including highly bleached powder), potassium permanganate, or potassium dichromate to the water, water containing the oxidizing agent can be made.
- an aqueous solution obtained by adding hydrochloric acid to sodium chlorite to form diacid chloride and dissolving the diacid chloride in water can be used as an oxidizing agent.
- the acidifying substances as described above include those that are first-class dangerous substances. Such acidic substances must be handled by a person with a license for the handling of dangerous goods. Need attention.
- the oxidizing agent may be supplied into the processing tank by an oxidizing agent supply means from an inlet provided in the processing tank. Further, the oxidant supply means and the treatment tank may be connected by a pipe, and the oxidant may be supplied to the treatment tank through the pipe. In addition, when the oxidant supply means and the treatment tank are connected by a pipe, the oxidant supply means is, for example, in order to prevent the pressure in the treatment tank from leaking outside when the oxidant and garbage are heated. In addition, it is preferable to provide an opening / closing mechanism capable of making the treatment tank a closed space between the oxidant supply means and the pipe.
- an opening / closing mechanism for example, a pressure-resistant manual valve or an electric valve used in a water heater or an engineering plant can be used.
- the opening / closing mechanism may be provided in the middle of a pipe connecting the oxidant supply means and the processing tank.
- electrolyzed water containing the above-mentioned acidic substance can be used as the oxidizing agent.
- the electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing substance can be prepared, for example, by electrolyzing water in which an electrolyte that generates an oxidizing substance by electrolysis is dissolved.
- electrolyzed water is easy to handle because it contains an oxidizing substance such as hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc., without adding the above-mentioned acidic substance. For this reason, such electrolyzed water is particularly preferable as an oxidizing agent used in the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention.
- Electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing substance can be produced by electrolyzing only tap water containing residual chlorine. Electrolysis can be carried out smoothly by further dissolving the electrolyte in the water to be electrolyzed.
- an electrolyte for example, a halogen salt, calcium lactate, or calcium glycephosphate can be used. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use a halogen salt as the electrolyte because the amount of the acidic substance in the electrolytic water can be increased.
- chlorine and hypohalous acid which are acidic substances, are formed near the anode.
- X is F, C or Br.
- halogen salt examples include chloride, bromide, and fluoride.
- sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium bromide and calcium bromide are particularly preferred because of their high degree of dissociation into ions and easy handling.
- the electrolyzed water when electrolyzed water is used as the oxidant, the electrolyzed water may be separately prepared and supplied to the oxidant supply means.
- the acid agent supply means may include an electrolyzed water generating unit that generates at least electrolyzed water.
- the electrolyzed water generating unit includes, for example, an electrolyzer that contains the electrolyte and water containing chlorine, and an anode and a cathode that are disposed in the electrolyzer so that at least a part thereof is in contact with the accommodated water, It can comprise from the electricity supply apparatus for supplying with electricity between an anode and a cathode.
- a diaphragm may or may not be provided between the anode and the cathode.
- an electrolyzed water generating unit including an electrolytic cell in which a diaphragm is provided between an anode and a cathode for example, a DC voltage is applied to an energizing device between two electrode plates in contact with water containing an electrolyte. By applying more, electrolyzed water can be obtained. At this time, strong acid anodic water obtained in the vicinity of the anode, strongly basic cathodic water produced on the cathode side, or a mixture of anodic water and cathodic water as appropriate can be used as the oxidizing agent.
- At least anode water contains hypochlorous acid.
- the electrolytic cell constituting the electrolyzed water generation unit can be made of, for example, a resin power such as vinyl chloride resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ebonite, or ceramics. Also, for example, high insulation lining with rubber, synthetic resin, etc. Use an iron bath as an electrolytic bath.
- a resin power such as vinyl chloride resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ebonite, or ceramics.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- ebonite ebonite
- ceramics for example, high insulation lining with rubber, synthetic resin, etc.
- iron bath as an electrolytic bath.
- the material of the electrode a material usually used in the application of an electrolysis reaction, for example, a material having ruthenium, iridium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, tin, or an oxide or ferrite thereof on the surface. It is preferable to use it.
- the electrode itself may be composed of the above materials, or the surface of the electrode substrate may be coated with the above materials.
- an alloy containing the above metal element is also preferably used. Examples of such alloys include platinum-iridium alloys, ruthenium-tin tin alloys, and ruthenium-titanium alloys.
- the above metals and alloys have excellent corrosion resistance, and exhibit excellent insolubility when used as an anode.
- the electrode for generating chlorine is required to have insolubility in electrolyzed water, durability during reverse voltage cleaning, and the like.
- an electrode palladium, ruthenium, or an electrode having an alloying force between platinum and iridium is particularly preferable.
- the cathode is not strictly required to be insoluble.
- a stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium or titanium alloy, or a nickel alloy such as Hastelloy or Inconel can be used as the cathode.
- Examples of the diaphragm include, for example, an unglazed plate (porous sintered body), a ceramic, a wire mesh, a perforated metal plate, a glass fiber nonwoven fabric, a hydrophilic polymer membrane (polyester nonwoven fabric), an ion exchange membrane, and a polypropylene nonwoven fabric.
- a salty polyethylene film, a polytetrafluoroethylene film, a polyvinylidene fluoride film, a polyolefin resin film, a flemion film, or a substitute made of rubber or plastic material can be used.
- the diaphragm it is possible to use a non-woven fabric having polyester or glass fiber strength coated with a hydrophilic rosin film having a pore diameter of 0.2 to 200 m.
- a device generally used in electrolysis can be used without particular limitation.
- the pipe for flowing the electrolyzed water to the treatment tank or the like can be constituted by, for example, a pipe made of hard salt / bulb resin.
- the electrolysis is preferably performed at a voltage of 5 to 50 V and a current of 0.5 to 600 AZm 2 per electrode surface area. Note that when the current density is greater than 600AZm 2 is peeling the surface of the anode The material constituting the anode is easily eluted. When the current density is smaller than 0.5 AZm 2, it is necessary to increase the area of the anode, and it is difficult to reduce the size of the electrolyzed water generation unit.
- the garbage treatment apparatus of the present invention preferably includes water supply means for supplying water to the electrolyzed water generation unit.
- This water supply means may be any means as long as it can supply an amount of water necessary for electrolysis to the electrolyzed water generation unit.
- a water supply means for example, a tank and a valve force that temporarily hold an amount of water more than the amount used at once in the electrolyzed water generation unit can be configured.
- the electrolyzed water supply means may be connected to the water supply via an electromagnetic valve, and water may be supplied to the electrolyzed water supply means by opening the electromagnetic valve.
- the effective chlorine concentration of the oxidizing agent is preferably 50 to 3000 ppm.
- the effective chlorine concentration is more preferably 500 to 3000 ppm because the oxidation of garbage proceeds more efficiently. If the effective chlorine concentration is less than 50 ppm, the acidity is insufficient. When the effective chlorine concentration exceeds 3000 ppm, the acid scent becomes sufficient, but the corrosion of the portion containing this oxidant becomes large.
- the acid effect by the oxidizing agent is as large as possible.
- the oxidizing agent contains hypochlorous acid as an oxidizing substance
- the pH of the oxidizing agent is preferably 3 or more and 6.5 or less.
- hypochlorite ion a form in which protons are dissociated
- the strength of acidity is strong
- the presence of hypochlorous acid is 90% or more. Because it becomes.
- the garbage treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a pH measuring means for measuring the pH of the oxidant and a pH capable of adjusting the pH of the oxidant. It is preferable to further comprise a control means.
- the pH of the oxidant may be adjusted in the oxidant supply means or in a state where the oxidant is in contact with the garbage in the treatment tank.
- Examples of the pH measuring means include a semiconductor pH sensor (manufactured by Shindengen Electric Co., Ltd.).
- the pH control means is not particularly limited as long as the pH of the oxidant in the oxidant supply means or the treatment tank can be adjusted to 3 or more and 6.5 or less.
- Examples of the pH control means include a tank comprising a tank for storing a pH adjusting agent and a valve for discharging the pH adjusting agent.
- examples of the pH adjuster include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, organic acids such as acetic acid and citrate, alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and the like. These aqueous solutions are mentioned.
- the amount of garbage to be input and its pH are pre-adjusted, adjust the pH of the oxidizer after mixing with the garbage only by adjusting the pH of the oxidizer to be added. Can do.
- the pH of the oxidant in the oxidant supply means is adjusted by the pH control means while the pH is measured by the pH measurement means so that the oxidant after mixing with the garbage has a predetermined pH. .
- the pH of the oxidizer When the pH of the oxidizer is adjusted in contact with the garbage in the treatment tank, the pH of the oxidizer can be measured in contact with the garbage.
- the pH measuring means is preferably provided in the treatment tank.
- the oxidant supply means includes an electrolyzed water generation unit and acidic anodic water is used as the oxidant, basic cathodic water can be used as the pH adjuster.
- the use of cathode water as a pH adjuster in this way is particularly preferred because it is not necessary to provide a tank or the like for storing the pH adjuster!
- the pH of the oxidizing agent can be set in the above range in advance by mixing anode water and cathode water at a predetermined ratio.
- the electrolyzed water generating unit also serves as the pH control means, it is not necessary to newly provide the pH control means.
- the garbage in the treatment tank is heated together with the oxidizing agent by a heating means.
- a heating means means capable of heating the garbage and the oxidant contained in the treatment tank is not particularly limited. Can be used. Examples of the heating means include an electric heating device using Joule heat, a combustion device using combustion heat of gas or petroleum, a heat pump, an induction heating device, and the like.
- the heating means is installed on the inner wall of the treatment tank or a coiled heating means such as a throwing heater is treated. It is preferable to directly contact the contents inside the tank.
- the inside of the treatment tank may be sterilized or dried using an acid solution and a heating means so that various germs do not propagate in the treatment tank. it can.
- the heating temperature of the container containing the oxidizing agent and the garbage is set to a temperature at which the organic matter constituting the garbage is sufficiently softened or a temperature at which the organic substance constituting the garbage is liquefied after being reduced in molecular weight.
- the heating temperature is preferably 150 ° C. or lower.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention uses the temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of the contents in the treatment tank, and the information obtained from the temperature measurement means, It is preferable to provide a heating control means for controlling the means. At this time, the heating temperature by the heating means is preferably controlled to 150 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature measuring means can measure the temperature of the contents in the treatment tank and has pressure resistance and chemical durability during heating.
- the temperature measuring means for example, a thermocouple whose surface is covered with stainless steel, a thermocouple made of chromel-alumel alloy, or a thermocouple having a platinum alloy force can be used.
- the surface of the thermocouple is insulated like glass wool. I prefer to be covered with wood!
- heating control means for example, a digital temperature controller including a thermostat, a microcomputer, or the like, or a device in which a temperature sensor and a relay are combined can be used.
- the opening and closing that detects the opening / closing state of the lid of the inlet It is preferable to provide a detection means.
- This open / close detection means is connected to the heating control means. Examples of the open / close detection means include a switch that operates by a load on the lid, a load sensor, a pressure sensor, an infrared sensor, and an optical sensor.
- hypochlorous acid As an acidic substance, a sufficient amount of hypochlorous acid is particularly effective against the organic matter in the garbage. Acts in a strong acid repulsive form (a form in which protons are not dissociated). For this reason, even if it contains high molecular weight organic substances such as cellulose having strong hydrophobicity, the affinity to water is improved, and the garbage is modified to be susceptible to hydrolysis. As a result, the temperature of the temperature range from 50 ° C to less than 100 ° C where the hydrolysis rate of food waste has been slow. However, the garbage is hydrolyzed and can be softened within a few hours.
- the garbage processing apparatus of this invention is equipped with the weight measurement means which measures the weight of a processing tank.
- An example of the weight measuring means is a load cell.
- the weight measuring means can be used as follows.
- the user first measures the weight of the thrown-in garbage (the difference between the weight of the treatment tank after throwing in the garbage and the weight of the treatment tank in an empty state) using the weight measuring means. After that, the oxidizing agent is put into the treatment tank by the oxidizing agent supply means. For example, when the weight ratio of garbage reaches 60%, the oxidizer input is stopped.
- the weight of the garbage may be measured by the weight measuring means after detecting that the lid of the processing tank has been closed by the open / close detecting means.
- the softened garbage contained in the heated container is crushed by a crushing means. This further reduces the particle size of the garbage.
- Examples of the crushing means include a mill such as a cutter mill and a chain mill, a mixer having a rotary blade or a rotary blade such as a Henschel mixer, and a medium such as metal particles, resin particles or glass particles.
- Examples include ball mills and shakers that mix, vibrate and rotate to grind garbage. The shape and size of the rotary blades and blades, the number of rotations, and the rotation time are appropriately changed depending on the type and amount of garbage.
- the crushing means can be installed inside the processing tank, for example.
- this crushing means Before the raw garbage is heated by the heating means, this crushing means can be operated to perform rough crushing of the raw garbage. By this rough crushing process, softening of garbage is performed in a shorter time. It becomes possible.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention includes a crushing tank separately from the processing tank, and crushing means is disposed in the crushing tank.
- the garbage is heated in the treatment tank, and the softened garbage is crushed in the crushing tank.
- a material constituting the crushing tank in addition to the same material as that constituting the processing tank, for example, although the heat resistance is inferior to that of the material constituting the processing tank, it has excellent chemical durability. It is possible to use a resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene or hard salt vinyl resin.
- Discharge of the contents from the processing tank to the crushing tank can be performed, for example, using a discharge valve installed between the processing tank and the crushing tank.
- a discharge valve installed between the processing tank and the crushing tank.
- the discharge valve closed.
- the container containing soft garbage can be discharged into the crushing tank by opening the discharge valve.
- the opening and closing of the discharge valve may be performed manually or may be performed automatically after the heating in the treatment tank is completed.
- a discharge port is provided in the crushing tank in the processing tank or in the case where the crushing tank is provided. This outlet allows the crushed contents to be discharged outside without turning the garbage disposal device upside down.
- the discharge port provided in the treatment tank or crushing tank can withstand the internal pressure of the treatment tank during heating, and is preferably openable and closable. The opening and closing of the discharge port may be performed manually or automatically after the garbage is crushed.
- this discharge port may be directly connected to an external drain pipe including a sewage pipe.
- the crushed contents can be taken out of the garbage input provided in the treatment tank by turning over the garbage processing device.
- the processing tank In order to easily discharge the contents, it is preferable to provide the processing tank with a pressure-resistant manual valve or electric valve for communicating the inside and the outside of the processing tank. Even when a large amount of liquid is introduced into the processing tank, it is preferable to arrange a pressure-resistant manual valve or motor-operated valve at the top of the processing tank in order to ensure communication with the outside.
- the manual valve or the motor-operated valve may be provided in either the processing tank or the crushing tank.
- a manual valve or a motor operated valve is provided in the processing tank, it is necessary to open the external discharge valve provided between the processing tank and the crushing tank.
- the inside of the treatment tank may be communicated with the outside by opening the input port, and then the crushed contents may be discharged also with the discharge port force.
- the bottom force inside the treatment tank and the crushing tank is inclined so as to be lowered toward the outlet. As a result, the crushed contents can easily flow into the discharge port provided in the treatment tank or the crushing tank.
- a classification means between the drain port and the external drain pipe.
- the classification means any means capable of allowing the garbage having a predetermined particle diameter or less to pass through can be used without particular limitation.
- the classifying means may be provided in the lower part of the processing tank or crushing tank.
- garbage that cannot be passed through the classification means is processed again when the next garbage is thrown in, and is gradually reduced.
- the classifying means for example, a mesh-like member such as a filter or a net, or a plate-like member having a through hole can be used.
- a material constituting the classification means the same material as that of the treatment tank can be used.
- the classification means When the classification means is placed between the discharge port of the crushing tank and the external drain, the crushing tank will not be heated. For this reason, as a material constituting the classification means, for example, a resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, which is not high in heat resistance but high in chemical durability is used. can do.
- a resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, which is not high in heat resistance but high in chemical durability is used. can do.
- the crushed container is provided with a mechanism (trap) for storing a fixed amount of water in the treatment tank and discharging the water exceeding the fixed amount in the external drain pipe, for example.
- the treatment tank or crushing tank power can be discharged.
- an external discharge valve is provided between the classifying means and the external drain pipe, and after detecting the end of crushing by the crushing means, the external discharge valve is opened, whereby the contents of the treatment tank or crushing tank are stored. May be discharged.
- This external discharge valve may be opened manually or automatically using a detection means for detecting the end of crushing!
- the detecting means for detecting the end of crushing if the crushing means is a rotary type by a motor, for example, a sensor for detecting the rotation speed or the number of rotations can be used. Or, after starting the crushing force for a predetermined time, automatically stop the crushing means and open the external discharge valve.
- the garbage processing apparatus of this invention is equipped with the neutralization means which can neutralize the thing of a processing tank near neutrality.
- the garbage disposal apparatus includes both the treatment tank and the crushing tank, it is also conceivable to neutralize the contents in the crushing tank. In order to suppress deterioration of the crushing tank and the crushing means, it is preferable to neutralize the heated contents in advance in the treatment tank and discharge the neutralized contents to the crushing tank.
- crushed container may be neutralized for another place.
- the neutralizing means those capable of neutralizing the crushed or heated contents near neutrality can be used without any particular limitation.
- the neutralizing means for example, a tank for storing a neutralizing agent and a device having a valve force for controlling the supply of the neutralizing agent can be mentioned.
- the neutralizing agent for example, sodium thiosulfate, caustic soda, aqueous ammonia, or slaked ash can be used.
- the electrolyzed aquatic wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention can separate and remove the anode water and the cathode water.
- both acidic anodic water and basic cathodic water can be generated, so that the electrolyzed water is used to adjust the pH of the oxidizing agent and to accommodate the treatment tank or crushing tank. It can be used as a neutralizing agent for neutralizing products.
- electrolyzed water is produced, if cathode water remains, it can be temporarily held and used for neutralization of the contents.
- the neutralization of the contents by the neutralization means is performed while actually measuring the pH of the contents using a pH measuring means arranged in the treatment tank.
- the pH measuring means can be used without particular limitation as long as it can measure pH.
- An example of such pH measuring means is a pH sensor.
- neutralization means and pH measurement means are used to adjust the pH of the contents to pH 5.6 to 8.6, which is the inflow standard to the sewer. It is preferable to adjust to.
- the treatment tank or the crushing tank is also discharged to the outside through the discharge port. Therefore, for example, it is preferable to measure the temperature of the contents using temperature measuring means and confirm that the temperature has dropped below a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature measuring means is preferably arranged in the processing tank or in the crushing tank when a crushing tank is provided. Note that the same temperature measuring means as described above can be used.
- the temperature standard of the inflow water to the sewer is less than 45 ° C. For this reason, it is preferable to confirm that the temperature of the crushed container has become less than 45 ° C using temperature measuring means and then discharge the container to the sewer.
- the temperature of the container is less than 45 ° C when discharged into the sewer, for example, hard vinyl chloride used around the bath as a pipe from the outlet to the sewer.
- a tube made of a resin or a salt-bulb resin-lined steel tube can be used.
- the garbage processing apparatus of this invention can be comprised at low cost.
- the temperature of the container after crushing may be lowered by performing natural cooling for a predetermined time.
- the crushed contents may be forcibly cooled using a cooling means such as a cooling fan, a heat pump, or a Peltier element.
- a cooling means such as a cooling fan, a heat pump, or a Peltier element.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention includes an electrolyzed water generating unit using a diaphragm, the cathode water is supplied to the processing tank or the crushing tank after discharging the contents, and the processing tank or The crushing tank may be washed. By performing this tank cleaning step, it is possible to suppress the generation of odor, slime, etc. due to the remaining contents.
- the crushed contents can be used for liquid fertilizer. In this case as well, as in the case of performing biological treatment, it is preferable to adjust the pH and temperature of the crushed container.
- the crushed container When the crushed container is used for biological treatment, or when the crushed container is used as liquid fertilizer, the crushed container remains in contact with a reducing agent such as activated carbon. It is particularly preferred to remove unreacted oxidants.
- a reducing agent such as activated carbon. It is particularly preferred to remove unreacted oxidants.
- the garbage is softened by being heated together with the oxidant by the heating means in the treatment tank.
- the heated garbage is crushed by crushing means.
- soft wrinkles means that the hardness, the tensile strength, the bending strength, etc. of the garbage are lowered, and the molecular weight of the insoluble organic matter constituting the garbage is lowered, resulting in a state swollen in water. .
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the garbage and the oxidant are heated and softened, and then the heated garbage is crushed. This makes it possible to divide the number of injections into multiple parts, such as large chunks or cores of vegetables, or fibrous vegetables, which are difficult to crush with conventional disposers, or without dividing them before the addition. Can be processed.
- the garbage after the coarse crushing may be subjected to the heating step and the crushing step.
- the garbage is first roughly crushed and reduced in size, so that it becomes easy to oxidize when heated with the oxidizing agent. Therefore, garbage can be softened (liquefied or reduced in molecular weight) within a short time.
- the heating temperature is preferably 50 ° C or higher and 150 ° C or lower as described above.
- the pH of the oxidizer is preferably 3 or more and 6.5 or less.
- the effective chlorine concentration of the oxidizer is preferably 50 to 3000 ppm!
- the weight ratio of the garbage is preferably 60% or less.
- the heating time is appropriately changed depending on the kind of oxidizing substance contained in the oxidizing agent, the effective chlorine concentration of the oxidizing agent, and the like.
- FIG. 1 shows a garbage disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the garbage disposal apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 includes a treatment tank 3 for containing garbage (not shown) and an oxidant 2, an oxidant supply means 4 for supplying the oxidant 2 to the treatment tank 3, and a treatment tank 3 Heating means 5 for heating the raw garbage together with the oxidizing agent 2 and a rotary blade 6 which is a crushing means for crushing the garbage stored in the treatment tank 3 are provided.
- an inlet 7 is provided in the upper part of the treatment tank 3.
- the inlet 7 can be closed by a lid (not shown).
- the lid for closing the inlet 7 has a pressure-resistant structure like the lid of a pressure cooker, and the treatment tank 3 is sealed so that gas generated during heating does not leak outside the treatment tank 3. .
- a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the treatment tank 3.
- the discharge port and the external drain pipe 8 are connected by an external discharge valve 9.
- the external discharge valve 9 is pressure resistant and has a role of sealing so as not to leak to the outside of the gas power treatment tank 3 generated when the garbage and the oxidant are heated.
- the configuration of the discharge port of the processing tank 3 is that a certain amount of water is stored in the external drain pipe 8 in the processing tank 3 and exceeds the certain amount. It may be configured to have a mechanism for discharging water. This is the same in the following embodiments.
- the inlet 7 of the processing tank 3 is, for example, a sink surface.
- the oxidant supply means 4 includes a valve 11, and the oxidant 2 is supplied to the treatment tank 3 by opening and closing the valve 11.
- the oxidant supply means 4 can be set to automatically supply the oxidant 3 for each processing of garbage, for example. As a result, the user supplies the oxidizing agent 2 to the treatment tank 3 for each treatment. This saves you the trouble of paying.
- Oxidizing agent 2 may be added before the garbage. Further, the amount of the oxidant to be added is appropriately changed according to the amount of garbage. The same applies to the following embodiments.
- the inlet 7 is closed with a lid.
- the contents in the treatment tank are heated by the heating means 5.
- the temperature of the garbage stored in the treatment tank 3 is measured by the temperature measuring means 13 provided in the treatment tank 3.
- the heating means 5 is controlled by a heating control means (not shown) built in the electrical component 12, and the heating temperature is maintained at a predetermined temperature.
- the open / close detection means When the open / close detection means (not shown) is provided to indicate that the lid is closed, the open / close detection means detects that the lid is closed and then uses the information on the power of the open / close detection means to detect the electrical component.
- the heating control means (not shown) built in 12 may control the heating means 5.
- the heating means 5 After heating for a predetermined time, the heating means 5 is stopped to end the heating. Next, the rotating blade 6 installed in the treatment tank 3 is rotated by the motor 14 so that the soft garbage is crushed.
- the motor 14 is also controlled by the electrical component 12. In this respect, the same applies to the following embodiments.
- the rotary blade 6 is stopped and the crushing of the garbage is ended.
- the external discharge valve 9 is opened and the oxidizer 2 and the external drainage pipe 8 are then discharged to the outside such as a sewer, for example.
- the crushing of the garbage with the rotary blade 6 is performed after the softening by heating is completed.
- the roughly crushed raw garbage may be subjected to a heating step and a crushing step.
- the garbage can be crushed by rotating the rotary blade 6 while heating the garbage.
- FIG. 2 shows a garbage disposal apparatus that can be used in another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows a garbage disposal apparatus that can be used in another embodiment of the present invention.
- the garbage disposal apparatus 20 of FIG. 2 further includes a crushing tank 21 connected to the processing tank 3, and a discharge valve 22 disposed between the processing tank 3 and the crushing tank 21.
- the rotary blade 6 that is a crushing means is installed in the crushing tank 21.
- the treatment of garbage can be basically performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the discharge valve 22 is closed, and garbage is put into the treatment tank 3 from the inlet 7. Thereafter, the oxidant 2 is introduced into the treatment tank 3 from the oxidant supply means 4, and the garbage and the oxidant 2 are brought into contact with each other.
- the inlet 7 is closed with a lid.
- a heating control means (not shown) built in the electrical unit 12 activates the heating means 5 based on the information of the open / close detection means force.
- Garbage thrown into the treatment tank 3 is heated at a predetermined temperature by the heating means 5 together with the oxidizer 2, and is softened.
- the temperature of the contents in the treatment tank 3 is measured by the temperature measuring means 13 and is maintained at a predetermined temperature by a heating control means (not shown) built in the electrical component 12.
- the heating means 5 After heating the garbage for a predetermined time, the heating means 5 is stopped. Next, the discharge valve 22 is opened, and the heated contents are discharged from the treatment tank 3 to the crushing tank 21. At this time, it is preferable to open the lid that closes the inlet 7 so that the heated contents can be easily discharged, so that the outside and the inside of the treatment tank 3 communicate with each other.
- the discharge valve 22 may be opened manually.
- the heating control means (not shown) and the discharge valve 22 can be linked so that the discharge valve 22 is automatically opened after the heating of the garbage is completed.
- the garbage left without being discharged into the crushing tank 21 may be led to the crushing tank 21 by flowing tap water through a sink and discharged together with the tap water, or taken out and taken into solid form. May be discarded. Alternatively, the remaining garbage can be left as it is and processed together with other garbage.
- classifying means will be provided in treatment tank 3 or crushing tank 21 so that fully crushed raw garbage will move toward the discharge port and will not clog the discharge port or drain pipe. I like it.
- classification means 23 is provided in the lower part of the processing tank 3.
- FIG. 3 shows a garbage disposal apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the oxidant supply means 4 includes an electrolyzed water generating unit 31 that generates electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing substance.
- the electrolyzed water generating unit 31 includes an electrolytic cell 32, an anode 33 and a cathode 34 disposed in the electrolytic cell 32, an energizing device 35 for energizing between the anode 33 and the cathode 34, and an anode 33 and a cathode 34. And a diaphragm 36 disposed between and.
- electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing substance which is generated in the electrolyzed water generating unit 31, is used as the oxidant 2.
- the garbage disposal device 30 of Fig. 3 includes a tank 37 for storing the electrolyzed water generated by the electrolyzed water generating unit 31.
- an oxidant supply means 4 having an electrolyzed water generating unit 31 as shown in Fig. 3 may be installed.
- the garbage disposal apparatus 30 in FIG. 3 also has a configuration in which the rotary blade 6 as the crushing means is installed inside the treatment tank 3, as in FIG.
- a crushing tank may be installed separately from the processing tank, and a rotary blade may be installed inside the crushing tank.
- the treatment of garbage can be basically performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the external discharge valve 9 is closed, and garbage is thrown into the treatment tank 3 from the inlet 7. Thereafter, the electrolyzed water containing the oxidizing substance generated in the electrolyzed water generating unit 31 is supplied as the oxidant 2 from the oxidant supply means 4 into the treatment tank 3 through the valve 11, and the oxidant and the garbage. Contact.
- the garbage treatment apparatus 30 of Fig. 3 further includes a weight measuring means 38 for measuring the weight of the treatment tank 3.
- a weight measuring means 38 for measuring the weight of the treatment tank 3.
- the inlet 7 is closed with a lid.
- a heating control means (not shown) built in the electrical unit 12 activates the heating means 5 based on the information of the open / close detection means force.
- the garbage thrown into the treatment tank 3 is heated and softened by the heating means 5 together with the electrolyzed water. At this time, the temperature of the contents in the treatment tank 3 is measured by the temperature measuring means 13. Further, the temperature of the stored item is maintained at a predetermined temperature by a heating control means (not shown) built in the electrical component 12.
- the rotary blade 6 After a predetermined time has elapsed, or after the rotational speed or the rotational speed of the rotary blade 6 has reached a predetermined value, the rotary blade 6 is stopped and the garbage crushing is finished.
- the water is discharged to the outside, for example, a sewer, through the external drain pipe 9 together with the acid water.
- the lid for closing the inlet 7 it is preferable to open the lid for closing the inlet 7 so that the outside and the inside of the processing tank 3 are communicated so that the contents in the processing tank can be easily discharged.
- electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing substance is generated from the electrolyzed water generating unit 31, and the electrolyzed water is used as an oxidizing agent. Since electrolyzed water containing an acidic substance can be generated simply by electrolyzing water in which an electrolyte such as a halogen salt is dissolved, management of the oxidizing agent supply means becomes easy. Therefore, the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention can be installed not only in industrial applications but also in places where management of chemical substances is difficult, such as general households and restaurants.
- the electrolyzed water it is preferable to use acidic anodic water generated in the electrolyzed water generating unit 31.
- the basic cathode water is retained in the tank 37, and after crushing, the cathodic water is supplied from the tank 37 to the contents of the processing tank 3, so that the crushed contents are stored in the processing tank 3. It becomes possible to neutralize.
- the tank 31 and the valve 11 that contain the cathode water function as pH control means. Further, the inside of the treatment tank 3 after discharging the contents may be washed using the cathode water.
- the produced anode water and cathode water may be mixed so as to have a predetermined pH, and the mixture may be used as an oxidizing agent.
- the water to be electrolyzed may be electrolyzed while being measured by a pH measuring means such as a pH sensor.
- the crushed contents may be discharged into sewage after adjusting the pH and temperature.
- the crushed contents adjusted in pH and temperature may be treated in a biodegradation tank and then released into sewage.
- Garbage was processed using the garbage disposal equipment shown in Fig. 3.
- the lid for closing the treatment tank 3 and the inlet 7 was made of SUS304.
- the internal volume of treatment tank 3 was 300 ml.
- a band heater was used as the heating means 5. At this time, contact with the contents As described above, the thermocouple was put into the treatment tank 4, the temperature of the contained material was measured using the thermocouple, and the temperature of the contained material was controlled by the heating control means.
- ion washing water manufacturer MS-W1 manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
- the tap water to which salt was added was electrolyzed using an ion washing water manufacturer, and electrolyzed water (pH 2.5, effective chlorine concentration: 1500 ppm) on the anode side was used as an oxidizing agent.
- the motor 14 and the rotary blade 6 serving as the crushing means the motor and cutter blade of National Fiber Mixer MX-X62 cooking Minole AVA14-1215 were used.
- Breakdown of standard raw garbage is cabbage 12.5g, potato 2.5g, onion 2.5g, radish 2.5g, apple 7.5g, orange 7.5g, raw meat 1.5g, raw fish 4. Og, Chicken egg shell lg, rice 5.5 g, and tea shell 3. Og, totaling 50 g. This composition is considered as standard garbage by the Japan Electrical Manufacturers' Association.
- the standard garbage was softened by heating at 150 ° C for 1 hour. At this time, the weight ratio of garbage was 40%.
- the weight ratio of the garbage refers to the ratio of the garbage in the total weight of the oxidizing agent and the garbage.
- the weight ratio of garbage can be calculated with the specific gravity of electrolyzed water as 1.
- the cutter blade was rotated for 1 minute, and the garbage was crushed. After crushing, the external drainage valve was opened and the garbage after crushing was discharged together with the oxidizing agent.
- the particle size distribution of the effluent was measured.
- 4750, 2000, 1 000, 850, 425, 250, 106, and 75 micron standard sieves and micro-type electromagnetic vibratory units (M-2 type from Tsutsui Rikenki Co., Ltd.) was used.
- Electromagnetic vibration sieve / vibration preparation of the fixture After vibrating for 10 minutes with dial 6, the weight of each particle size component was measured. Since the particle size distribution after 20-minute vibration is almost the same, the vibration time in the following examples was set to 10 minutes.
- Oxidizing agent is not supplied and heated (that is, the kitchen waste is not softened). Garbage was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 75 ml of running water was collected and the cutter blade was rotated for 1 minute to crush the garbage. The same amount of garbage with the same composition as in Example 1 was also used.
- the particle size distribution of the effluent was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Fig. 4 shows the particle size distribution of the garbage contained in the effluent of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
- Fig. 5 shows the cumulative particle size distribution.
- FIG. 6 shows a graph with the vertical axis representing the ratio of the height of sedimented solids to the initial height, expressed as a percentage, and the horizontal axis representing time.
- the initial height refers to the height from the bottom of the test tube to the solid-liquid interface at the time when the effluent was diluted 3 times and stirred and then placed in a test tube to start standing (initially) Solid height)!
- the garbage that was crushed after being heated with the oxidant was hardly settled after about 5 days. Therefore, the garbage processed by the garbage processing apparatus of this invention is very convenient for discharge
- a corn core was used in place of the standard food waste. Using the same equipment as in 1, the corn core was treated as in Example 1. Specifically, after a cylindrical corn core (25 g) having a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 20 mm was placed in the treatment tank 4, 75 ml of the same oxidizing agent used in Example 1 was added. Here, the weight ratio of garbage (corn core) was 25%.
- the corn core was heated with an oxidizing agent to 150 ° C for 1 hour, and then crushed by rotating the cutter blade for 1 minute.
- the waste containing the treated corn core was discharged by opening the drain valve.
- the particle size distribution of the effluent was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. ⁇ Comparative Example 2>
- the corn core was treated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 75 ml of tap water was added to the corn core and crushed without soft koji. The same corn core as in Example 2 was used.
- the particle size distribution of the effluent was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. After the treatment, two spherical pieces with a diameter of 20 mm remained in the treatment tank 4.
- FIG. 7 shows the cumulative particle size distribution of the particles contained in the effluents of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2.
- Example 2 In Comparative Example 2, a lump of corn remained only by crushing the corn core. On the other hand, in Example 2, a large lump was not recognized, and the corn core made into small particles was well dispersed in water.
- the hardness of the corn core was measured with a rubber hardness meter before and after the softening treatment.
- the hardness of the corn core was 20 to 38, and it was 82 in the hard part.
- the hardness of the corn core was 0, which was not measurable.
- the garbage after treatment is well dispersed in water and its state is stable. Therefore, by using the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily treat even hard materials such as corn core, which has conventionally been difficult to crush.
- Example 3 The treatment was performed in the same apparatus and the same method as in Example 1 except that 35 g of onion skin was used instead of the standard garbage. Here, the weight ratio of garbage (onion skin) was 32%. The particle size distribution of the particles contained in the effluent was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 The treatment was performed in the same apparatus and in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 75 ml of tap water was added to the skin of 35 g of onion and only the crushing treatment was performed. The particle size distribution of the particles contained in the effluent was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- FIG. 8 shows the cumulative particle size distribution of the particles contained in the effluents of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3.
- the onion skin is smaller in Example 3 than in Comparative Example 3.
- the onion skin is known to be difficult to reduce in size by crushing alone. It can be seen that the particle size becomes as small as that of standard garbage. Therefore, by using the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to disperse the onion skin in the discharged liquid.
- Example 2 The same apparatus and method as in Example 1 were used except that watermelon skin was used instead of standard garbage.
- the shape of the watermelon skin was approximately 20 mm x 100 mm x height 30 mm, and its weight was 32 g.
- the weight ratio of raw garbage (watermelon skin) was 30%.
- Example 1 Using the same apparatus as in Example 1, 75 ml of tap water was added to the skin of the watermelon, and only the crushing treatment was performed, and the treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the weight of the watermelon skin was the same 32g as in Example 4. Because the watermelon skin size was difficult to break, the watermelon skin was 20mm x 20mm x 30mm in size. Cut.
- FIG. 9 shows the cumulative particle size distribution of the particles contained in the effluent of Example 4 and Comparative Example 4. As shown in FIG. 9, it can be seen that the watermelon skin is smaller in Example 4 than in Comparative Example 4. Further, in Comparative Example 4, a lump was left only by the crushing process. On the other hand, in Example 4, large lumps were not recognized, and the skin of watermelon made into small particles was well dispersed in the effluent.
- the hardness of the watermelon skin was measured before and after the softening treatment using a rubber hardness meter.
- the watermelon skin had a hardness of about 15, and the hardness of the outer skin was 58.
- the watermelon skin hardness was 0, which could not be measured.
- Watermelon skin was treated in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the temperature and time of the softening treatment were changed as follows. The same watermelon skin as in Example 4 was used.
- Example 5 the treatment was performed at 100 ° C. for 1 hour. In Example 6, it was treated at 80 ° C. for 1 hour. In Example 7, the treatment was performed at 50 ° C. for 1 hour. In Example 8, it was treated at 26 ° C. for 15 hours.
- the particle size distribution of the particles contained in the effluent in Examples 5 to 8 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 4 150 ° C
- Example 6 80 ° C
- Example 8 26 ° C
- the watermelon The effect of making the skin particles small was / J, and it was easy.
- 5 ml each of the effluent of Examples 4 to 8 and the effluent of Comparative Example 4 was diluted three-fold, placed in a 20 ml test tube, allowed to stand, and the amount of solids settled was determined by Observed every hour.
- Table 1 shows the ratio of the height of the solid content 100 hours after standing to the initial height as a percentage value.
- electrolyzed water (PH 5.0, effective chlorine concentration: 1500 ppm) was used by mixing the electrolyzed water on the anode side and the cathodic water on the cathode side.
- the breakdown of standard garbage is carrot 9g, cabbage 9g, banana 5g, apple 5g, grapefruit peel 5g, bird peach bone (boiled) 5g, eggshell lg, cooked rice 5g, tea shell 2g, The total amount was 50 g.
- This composition is a composition that is regarded as standard garbage by the "Disposer Wastewater Treatment System Performance Standard (draft)" (Japan Sewerage Association).
- the standard garbage was softened by heating at 50 ° C for 3 hours. At this time, the weight ratio of garbage was 40%.
- Example 10 treatment was performed using electrolyzed water having a pH of 2.5. In Example 11, the treatment was performed using electrolytic water having a pH of 3. In Example 12, the treatment was performed using electrolytic water having a pH of 6.5.
- Example 1
- Example 10 in which the pH of the oxidizing agent was 2.5 and its p In Example 13 where H is 7, the treated garbage settled to almost half after 100 hours.
- Example 9 in which the pH of the oxidizing agent is 5
- Example 11 in which the pH is 3,
- Example 12 in which the pH is 6.5
- the settling height of the garbage after treatment is More than 70% of the initial height was maintained, and the garbage after treatment was only 30% settled. Therefore, by using an oxidizing agent adjusted to pH 3 or more and 6.5 or less, it is possible to increase the dispersion stability of the garbage after the treatment.
- Example 14 it was heated at 100 ° C. In Example 15, it was heated at 90 ° C. In Example 16, it was heated at 40 ° C. In Example 17, it was heated at 25 ° C.
- Example 14 heated at 100 ° C and Example 17 heated at 25 ° C, the treated garbage settled to nearly half after 100 hours.
- Example 15 heated at 90 ° C and In Example 9 heated at 50 ° C, the settling height of the garbage after the treatment was maintained at about 80% of the initial height, and the garbage was only 20% settling down. Therefore, by using an acidic agent with an effective chlorine concentration power of S1500ppm and a pH of 5, and heating the raw garbage together with the acidic agent to 50 ° C or higher and lower than 100 ° C, The dispersion stability of garbage can be increased.
- Example 18 the weight ratio of garbage was 60%. In Example 19, the garbage weight ratio was 80%.
- Example 18- The ratio of the height of the precipitated solid content to the initial height 100 hours after standing in the discharged liquid of 19 (solid sedimentation height Z initial height) is shown in Example 9. Measured in the same manner as above. The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 also shows the results of Example 9.
- Example 19 in which the weight ratio of garbage was 80%, the garbage after treatment settled down to almost half after 100 hours.
- the weight ratio of garbage is 60%
- the weight ratio power of garbage is 40%
- the settling height of the treated garbage is 70% or more of the initial height.
- the waste after treatment was only about 30% and had settled. Therefore, when heating garbage with an oxidizing agent, it is preferable to adjust the amount of acidified water so that the weight ratio of garbage is 60% or less.
- Example 20 the effective chlorine concentration of the acidifying agent was 400 ppm. In Example 21, the effective chlorine concentration of the acid oxidizing agent was 500 ppm.
- Example 20 where the effective chlorine concentration of the oxidizing agent was 400 ppm, the garbage after the treatment settled down to almost half after 100 hours.
- Example 21 where the effective chlorine concentration of the oxidizer is 500 ppm and in Example 9 where the effective chlorine concentration is 1500 PP m, the settling height of the garbage after treatment is 70% of the initial height.
- the food waste after the treatment was powerful, with only about 30% sinking. Therefore, when heating at 50 ° C using an oxidizer with a pH of 5, the effective chlorine concentration of the oxidizer is preferably 500 ppm or more.
- the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention is useful as an apparatus for crushing and discharging garbage, and is also useful, for example, as an apparatus for transferring solid organic matter using water as a dispersion medium. Therefore, the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention can be used for disposal of waste by dispersing organic solid waste generated in a factory or the like in an aqueous dispersion medium. Thereby, for example, it becomes possible to unify the disposal of waste.
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---|---|---|---|---|
US9265754B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2016-02-23 | Novartis Ag | Use of 1-{4-[1-(4-cyclohexyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxyimino)-ethyl]-2-ethyl-benzyl}-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid in treating symptoms associated with rett syndrome |
CN109331946A (zh) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-15 | 杨立撒 | 一种家用垃圾处理装置 |
CN114433596A (zh) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-06 | 上海汉怡环保科技有限公司 | 一种有机质垃圾处理工艺 |
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JP2001239238A (ja) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 生ごみ処理装置 |
JP2001259462A (ja) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-25 | Sanshin Kogyo:Kk | 生ごみ加熱粉砕装置 |
JP2002192115A (ja) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-07-10 | Shinsei Engineering:Kk | 生ごみ等の処理方法及び肥料 |
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JP2001239238A (ja) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 生ごみ処理装置 |
JP2001259462A (ja) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-25 | Sanshin Kogyo:Kk | 生ごみ加熱粉砕装置 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9265754B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2016-02-23 | Novartis Ag | Use of 1-{4-[1-(4-cyclohexyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxyimino)-ethyl]-2-ethyl-benzyl}-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid in treating symptoms associated with rett syndrome |
CN109331946A (zh) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-15 | 杨立撒 | 一种家用垃圾处理装置 |
CN114433596A (zh) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-06 | 上海汉怡环保科技有限公司 | 一种有机质垃圾处理工艺 |
CN114433596B (zh) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-04-18 | 上海汉怡环保科技有限公司 | 一种有机质垃圾处理工艺 |
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