WO2006059410A1 - 車両用空調装置 - Google Patents
車両用空調装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006059410A1 WO2006059410A1 PCT/JP2005/013285 JP2005013285W WO2006059410A1 WO 2006059410 A1 WO2006059410 A1 WO 2006059410A1 JP 2005013285 W JP2005013285 W JP 2005013285W WO 2006059410 A1 WO2006059410 A1 WO 2006059410A1
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- refrigerant
- vehicle
- heat exchanger
- cooling water
- exhaust
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner mounted on an automobile or the like, and in particular, an automobile (hybrid vehicle) that uses both an engine and an electric motor as a driving source for traveling, and an automobile that stops an engine when the vehicle is stopped (idling stop vehicle). ), A technology suitably used in an automobile (electric vehicle, fuel cell vehicle, etc.) using only an electric motor.
- a heat pump cycle is used for generating warm air and cold air in an air conditioner.
- This heat pump cycle switches the flow of refrigerant into indoor heat exchange and outdoor heat exchange between heating and cooling.
- the indoor heat exchanger to be exchanged is a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchange to exchange heat with the outside air is made to function as an evaporator.
- an outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser and an indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator regardless of whether it is air-conditioned.
- a radiator that dissipates engine cooling water downstream of the evaporator in the ventilation direction of the evaporator is placed, and the ratio of air passing through the evaporator and radiator is adjusted by an air mix door, etc. The blowout air of the temperature of is generated.
- This heating device includes a radiator that uses engine cooling water as a heat source, an engine-driven water pump that uses the engine as a driving source to circulate cooling water between the engine, heat radiator, and radiator, and the cooling water is lower than a predetermined temperature. If the cooling water is lower than the specified temperature, the bypass flow path for bypassing the radiator, the electric water pump that circulates the cooling water between the engine, radiator, and radiator using the electric motor as the drive source.
- the cooling water allows the flow of bypassing the radiator, and when the cooling water circulates between the engine and the radiator by the electric water pump, the cooling water flowing out from the outlet of the radiator passes through the bypass flow path of the radiator.
- a radiator that dissipates engine cooling water is disposed downstream of the indoor heat exchanger in the ventilation direction, and an exhaust heat exchanger for absorbing heat is disposed at the exhaust port of the vehicle interior.
- An air-conditioning apparatus that uses an indoor heat exchanger as heating-assisting heat exchange during heating is disclosed (see Patent Document 2), and heating is performed using the heat of the vehicle interior air exhausted thereby. It is said that the performance can be improved.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2000-71749 A
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-6-135221
- the efficiency of the engine is high, so there are cases in which the engine displacement is lower than that of a normal engine vehicle, so that a sufficient amount of heat cannot often be secured.
- the air heat inside the vehicle is released as it is to the outside air, resulting in a loss of ventilation, reducing the efficiency of the air conditioner and increasing the fuel consumption (both cooling and heating).
- the cooling water in the engine is used for heating, the temperature of the cooling water decreases, and the exhaust gas may increase when the engine is restarted. This is a problem because it impairs the reduction of exhaust gas, which is the original purpose of hybrid vehicles.
- the cooling water itself does not exist in an electric vehicle, a mechanism for securing or generating another heat source is required. Furthermore, a heat pump cycle was used.
- the outdoor heat exchange functions as an evaporator during heating, frost formation may occur in the outdoor heat exchange depending on conditions such as the outside air temperature and humidity, and the heating function may be impaired.
- the present invention improves the heating efficiency by utilizing the heat of the exhausted vehicle interior air, maintains a good heating performance even in a vehicle that tends to lack a heat source, and has a cooling performance.
- the aim is to improve the air conditioning system, to prevent an increase in exhaust gas when the engine is restarted, and to ensure comfort when using air conditioning.
- a vehicle air conditioner includes a compressor 101 that compresses a refrigerant, and an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and outside air, as shown in FIG.
- the refrigerant bypass means is a mechanism that changes the order in which the refrigerant passes through the equipment connected to the cycle based on the air conditioning operation mode, weather conditions, etc. (consisting of a branch pipe, various valves, various sensors, a control computer, etc. Is).
- the evaporator is not used as an auxiliary radiator, it is possible to maintain the comfort that the windshield etc. will not be clouded by evaporation of the condensate when switching from cooling to heating. Since the device can function, dehumidification heating is possible.
- the refrigerant bypass means 110 and 111 are configured so that the compressor 101 ⁇ the inter-medium heat exchanger 103 ⁇ the pressure reducing unit during heating. It is preferable that a circulation path comprising means 104 ⁇ the exhaust heat exchange 106 ⁇ the compressor 101 is formed (Claim 2).
- the inter-medium heat exchange 103 functions as a condenser, and the heat of the refrigerant is conducted to the other heat exchange medium. Heat is dissipated by the heater radiator 107. Further, since the exhaust heat exchanger 106 functions as an evaporator, heat can be absorbed from the air inside the vehicle that is hotter than the outside air, so that COP can be improved.
- the other heat exchange medium is preferably cooling water for cooling the engine (claim 3).
- a cooling medium such as a motor, an inverter, a battery, and a fuel cell can also be used.
- the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention is a vehicle air conditioner that uses a refrigerant circulation cycle in which a refrigerant circulates and a cooling water circulation cycle in which a cooling water for cooling the engine circulates.
- a compressor that compresses the refrigerant
- an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and the outside air
- a decompression unit that depressurizes the condensed refrigerant
- an evaporation that exchanges heat between the decompressed refrigerant and the air blown into the vehicle
- a radiator for the heater that radiates heat in the air blown into the vehicle, the upstream end in the ventilation direction communicates with the outside and the interior of the vehicle, and the downstream end communicates with the interior of the vehicle.
- This configuration is used for a vehicle having both a refrigerant circulation cycle and a cooling water circulation cycle, and mainly has a low engine heat generation, such as a hybrid vehicle and an idling stop vehicle, as compared with a normal engine traveling vehicle. (It can also be applied to ordinary engine vehicles), and at least a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a decompression means, an evaporator, and an exhaust heat exchanger are connected to the refrigerant circulation cycle for cooling.
- a radiator for the heater is connected to the water circulation cycle (usually configured to include the engine, radiator, etc.).
- Exhaust heat exchange is to absorb heat (evaporation) or dissipate heat (condensation and supercooling) in the air outside the exhaust gas exhaust.
- refrigerant after depressurization flows, it functions as an evaporator. It functions as a heat exchanger ⁇ that generates a subcool when the refrigerant flows.
- the air inside the vehicle (vehicle interior) discharged outside the vehicle is changed.
- Thermal energy (potential) can be effectively used to improve the efficiency of heating and cooling.
- the air inside the vehicle is hotter than the outside air in the winter and colder than the outside air in the summer due to the heating and cooling that are already in operation.
- the refrigerant bypass means is configured to allow the refrigerant after decompression to flow into the exhaust heat exchanger during heating! ⁇ (Claim 5).
- the exhaust heat exchanger functions as an evaporator. That is, the refrigerant after decompression absorbs the aerodynamic force in the exhaust duct that is higher in temperature than the outside air. As a result, frost formation can be prevented and the COP can be improved compared to the case where heat is absorbed from the outside air. wear.
- the refrigerant bypass means is configured to cause the refrigerant before decompression to flow into the exhaust heat exchanger during cooling. (Claim 6).
- the exhaust heat exchange ⁇ functions as a heat exchange ⁇ for generating a subcool. That is, the refrigerant before decompression is supercooled by the air in the exhaust duct, which is cooler than the outside air. Thereby, COP can be improved.
- claims 4 to 6 are preferably as follows. As shown in FIG. 6, in the refrigerant circulation cycle 2, the inter-medium heat exchanger 11 is disposed between the compressor 10 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12, and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the exhaust gas are exhausted. A first decompression means 14 is disposed between the heat exchanger 15 and a second decompression means 16 is disposed between the exhaust heat exchanger 15 and the evaporator 17 to bypass the outdoor heat exchange. A first refrigerant bypass means 20, a second refrigerant bypass means 21 for bypassing the first decompression means 14, a second refrigerant bypass means 22 for bypassing the second decompression means 16 and the evaporator 17.
- the cooling water circulation cycle 3 includes the engine 30, a radiator 32 that cools the cooling water, a pump 3 la, 31b that flows the cooling water, the radiator 33 for the heater, and the heat exchange between the media. It is preferable to have a device 11 Section 7).
- the cooling water bypass means includes three-way valves 34a to 34f, check valves 35, open / close valves 36a and 36b, piping, a control computer, and the like.
- the cycle can be maintained in an efficient state by appropriately switching between the refrigerant bypass means and the coolant bypass means based on the air-conditioning operation mode, weather conditions, and the like. For example, if the amount of heat of the cooling water as the heat source for the heater radiator 33 is insufficient for the heating requirement! / Flow, both the refrigerant and the cooling water should flow into the inter-medium heat exchanger 11. As a result, the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant pumped from the compressor 10 can be conducted to the cooling water, whereby the heating function can be maintained well. In addition, when the heating request is made, the refrigerant after depressurization flows into the exhaust heat exchanger 15 (see FIG.
- the exhaust heat exchanger 15 can function as an evaporator, and when the cooling request is made, before the depressurization is performed.
- the refrigerant By flowing into the exhaust heat exchanger 15 (see Fig. 17), it is possible to give a subcool to the refrigerant.
- the cooling water bypass means It is preferable to configure a circuit including the inter-medium heat exchanger 11, the heater radiator 33, and the pump 31b (Claim 8).
- the cooling water temperature with little engine load and operation becomes difficult to increase. Cannot be secured.
- the refrigerant circulation cycle 2 the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 10 ⁇ the heat exchanger 11 between the medium ⁇ the first decompression means 14 ⁇ the exhaust heat exchange 15 ⁇ the compressor 10.
- the exhaust heat exchanger 15 functions as an evaporator, thereby preventing frost formation and improving COP.
- the coolant is warmed by the heat of the refrigerant in the inter-medium heat exchanger 11, the amount of heat that the coolant is insufficient can be saved.
- the refrigerant is stored in the compressor 10 ⁇ intermediate heat exchanger 11 ⁇ outdoor heat exchanger 12 ⁇ exhaust heat exchanger 15 ⁇ second decompression means 16 ⁇ evaporator 17 ⁇ compression. It flows in the order of machine 10.
- the exhaust heat exchange functions as a heat exchange that gives a subcool.
- COP can be improved.
- the first refrigerant bypass means 20 When there is a request for heating and dehumidification and the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient (see FIG. 11), in the refrigerant circulation cycle 2, the first refrigerant bypass means 20 The outdoor heat exchanger 12 is bypassed, and in the cooling water circulation cycle 3, a circuit including the medium heat exchanger 11, the heater radiator 33, and the pump 3 lb is provided by the cooling water bypass means. It is preferred to compose U, (Claim 11).
- the refrigerant circulation cycle 2 the refrigerant is stored in the compressor 10 ⁇ the heat exchanger 11 between mediums ⁇ the first pressure reducing means 14 ⁇ the exhaust heat exchanger 15 ⁇ the second pressure reducing means 16 ⁇ the evaporator 17 ⁇
- the compressor flows in the order of 10.
- the exhaust heat exchange functions as the first evaporator and the normal evaporator 17 functions as the second evaporator, so that frost formation and condensation can be prevented and COP can be improved.
- the refrigerant capacity can be compensated for the lack of heat of the cooling water.
- the second refrigerant bypass 21 means in the refrigerant circulation cycle 2
- the first pressure reducing means 14 is bypassed, and in the cooling water circulation cycle 3, a circuit that bypasses the inter-medium heat exchange 11 is configured by the cooling water bypass means U ⁇ (Claim 12) .
- the refrigerant is stored in the compressor 10 ⁇ intermediate heat exchanger 11 ⁇ outdoor heat exchanger 12 ⁇ exhaust heat exchanger 15 ⁇ second decompression means 16 ⁇ evaporator 17 ⁇ compression. It flows in the order of machine 10.
- the air mix door 55 provided in the exhaust duct 5 is opened and a subcool is applied by the exhaust heat exchange 15. Thereby, the dehumidifying action in the evaporator 17 is increased.
- the refrigerant is overheated, so it is preferable to close the air mix door 55.
- claims 4 to 12 can be suitably used in a hybrid vehicle in which the temperature of the cooling water tends to be insufficient, that is, a vehicle using the engine and the electric motor as a travel drive source ( Claim 13).
- a hybrid vehicle in which the temperature of the cooling water tends to be insufficient
- a vehicle using the engine and the electric motor as a travel drive source Claim 13
- engine stop states such as known idle stop vehicles are effective for many automobiles in general.
- the power that increases the amount of exhaust gas when the cooling water temperature decreases such as when the engine is restarted.
- the minimum temperature of the cooling water when the exhaust gas increases is set and this temperature is set.
- the temperature is less than or equal to the degree, it is possible to prevent problems such as an increase in exhaust gas by heating in the heat exchange between the media.
- the refrigerant circulation cycle 2 includes an internal heat exchanger 39 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant on the outlet side of the exhaust heat exchanger 15 and the refrigerant on the inlet side of the compressor 10. (Claim 15). This can further improve the COP.
- the vehicle air conditioner includes a compressor 201 that compresses the refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger 202 that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and the outside air, and a post-compression Heat exchanger 203 for the heater that exchanges heat with the air blown into the vehicle, depressurization means 204 that depressurizes the refrigerant, evaporator 205 that exchanges heat with the air blown into the vehicle after the decompression, An exhaust heat exchanger 206 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air discharged from the vehicle interior, and refrigerant bypass means 210 and 211 that change the circulation path of the refrigerant based on predetermined conditions are provided (claims). 16).
- the refrigerant bypass means during heating, as shown in FIG. 35, the compressor 201 ⁇ the heat exchanger 203 for the heater ⁇ the decompression unit.
- Means 204 ⁇ the exhaust heat exchanger 206 ⁇ the compressor 201 constitutes a circulation path (Claim 17).
- the exhaust heat exchanger 206 functions as an evaporator and can also absorb the aerodynamic force of the vehicle interior that is higher than the outside air, so that the heating performance can be improved.
- the refrigerant bypass means is configured such that the compressor 201 ⁇ the heater heat exchanger 2 as shown in FIG.
- the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention is a vehicle air conditioner that uses a refrigerant circulation cycle in which a refrigerant circulates.
- the vehicle air conditioner compresses the refrigerant, and exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and the outside air. Heat exchange, heat exchange of the compressed refrigerant with the air blown into the vehicle, heat exchanger for heater, decompression means for decompressing the refrigerant, heat exchange of the decompressed refrigerant with the air blown into the vehicle
- the evaporator, the upstream end in the ventilation direction communicates with the outside and the interior of the vehicle, the downstream end communicates with the interior of the vehicle, and the evaporator and the heat exchanger for the heater are installed inside.
- An exhaust duct that communicates with the outside of the vehicle and has a downstream end communicating with the outside of the vehicle, an exhaust heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air in the exhaust duct, and a refrigerant flow path based on predetermined conditions Change It is those configured by including a refrigerant bypass means (claim 19).
- This configuration is particularly preferably used in vehicles that do not have a cooling water circulation cycle, that is, electric vehicles that use only an electric motor, fuel cell vehicles, and the like (ordinary engine traveling vehicles, hybrid vehicles).
- the exhaust heat exchanger shelf absorbs heat (evaporates) or dissipates heat (condensates and supercools) in the air outside the exhaust duct. It functions as an evaporator when refrigerant after decompression flows in, and functions as a heat exchanger that generates a subcool when refrigerant before decompression flows.
- the air inside the vehicle (vehicle interior) discharged outside the vehicle Thermal energy (potential) can be effectively used to improve the efficiency of heating and cooling.
- the refrigerant bypass means is configured to allow the refrigerant after depressurization to flow into the exhaust heat exchanger during heating! (Claim 20), and preferably the refrigerant before depressurization flows into the exhaust heat exchanger during cooling U (Claim 21).
- the exhaust heat exchanger functions as an evaporator, so that frost formation and condensation can be prevented, and COP can be improved as compared with the case where heat is absorbed from outside air. Also, during cooling, the exhaust heat exchange functions as a heat exchange for subcool generation, so that the COP can be improved.
- the specific configurations of the above claims 19 to 21 are preferably as follows.
- the heater heat exchanger is disposed between the compressor 55 and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the heater heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger 58
- a third decompression means 57 is disposed between the exhaust heat exchanger 59 and the evaporator 61
- a fourth decompression means 60 is disposed between the exhaust heat exchanger 59 and the evaporator 61 and bypasses the third decompression means 57.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 55 flows directly to the heat exchanger for the heater 56, and the refrigerant distribution path is appropriately changed by the refrigerant binos means 65, 66, and 67. By doing so, suitable control can be performed according to various situations.
- the fifth refrigerant binos means 66 bypasses the outdoor heat exchange 58 and the sixth refrigerant bar.
- the bypass means 67 bypasses the fourth decompression means 60 and the evaporator 61 (claim 23).
- the refrigerant is the compressor 55 ⁇ heater heat exchanger 56 ⁇ third decompression means 57 ⁇ exhaust heat. It flows in the order of exchanger 59 ⁇ compressor 55.
- the exhaust heat exchanger 59 functions as an evaporator, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from the warm air in the exhaust duct 52. Therefore, the COP is improved compared to the case where heat is absorbed from the outside air, and the effect of preventing frost formation and condensation is achieved. can get.
- the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 55 ⁇ heater heat exchanger 56 ⁇ third decompression means 57 ⁇ exhaust heat exchanger 59 ⁇ fourth decompression means 60 ⁇ evaporator 61 ⁇ compressor 55. .
- the exhaust heat exchange functions as the first evaporator
- the evaporator 61 disposed in the intake duct 4 functions as the second evaporator, thereby preventing frost and condensation and improving COP. It is possible to dehumidify the air blown in the intake duct 4.
- the fourth refrigerant bypass means 65 bins the third decompression means 57 (claim 25).
- the refrigerant flows in the order of compressor 55 ⁇ heater heat exchanger 56 ⁇ outdoor heat exchanger 58 ⁇ exhaust heat exchanger 59 ⁇ fourth decompression means 60 ⁇ evaporator 61 ⁇ compressor 55. .
- the exhaust heat exchange ⁇ 59 functions as a heat exchange ⁇ giving a subcool. This can improve COP.
- the refrigerant is CO
- the refrigerant on the outlet side of the exhaust heat exchanger is
- an upstream end of the exhaust duct communicates with the inside and outside of the vehicle, and the air flowing into the intake duct
- the outside air is flowing into the suction duct by the inside / outside air switching means, the inside air flows into the exhaust duct, and the suction side inside / outside air switching means Therefore, when only the inside air is flowing into the suction duct, it is preferable that the outside air is controlled to flow into the exhaust duct (claim 28).
- the exhaust duct is provided with a blower for promoting air flow, and the blower is placed in the exhaust duct by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means. It is preferable to drive when outside air is introduced (claim 29).
- the exhaust heat exchanger further includes a dew condensation preventing unit that prevents dew condensation (claim 30).
- the dew condensation preventing unit is configured to determine a dew point temperature estimating unit that estimates a dew point temperature of air around the exhaust heat exchanger, and the temperature of the exhaust heat exchanger is set to the temperature of the exhaust heat exchanger. It is preferable to provide exhaust heat exchanger temperature adjusting means for maintaining the temperature higher than the estimated dew point temperature (claim 31). As a method for estimating the dew point temperature, it is preferable to calculate the number of passengers, the amount of outside air introduced into the vehicle, and the like as parameters.
- the heat energy (potential) of the air in the vehicle that has been exhausted conventionally is effectively used for the heat absorption or heat dissipation of the refrigerant.
- the air conditioning performance such as can be improved.
- the engine coolant temperature does not rise during the season, the engine coolant can be heated by starting the air conditioner.
- the cooling water temperature can be maintained at a temperature higher than the set temperature, and an increase in exhaust gas when the engine is restarted can be prevented.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration during heating in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration during cooling in Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration during dehumidifying heating in Example 1.
- Example 1 (a) is a flowchart showing control for preventing condensation or frost formation on the exhaust heat exchanger, and (b) shows condensation on the exhaust heat exchanger in various situations. It is the data map which calculated
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, a dehumidification request is not made, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, no dehumidification request, and the inside air circulation in the configuration of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is satisfied, no dehumidification is requested, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, there is no dehumidification request, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, a heat quantity of cooling water is insufficient, there is a dehumidification request, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, there is a dehumidification request and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, a dehumidification request is received, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, a dehumidification request is received, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a cooling request and a dehumidification request and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a cooling request and a dehumidification request in the configuration of Example 2 and the inside air is circulated.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when cooling is requested and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a cooling request and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, the dehumidification request is not made, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, the dehumidification request is not made, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when an engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is satisfied, a dehumidification request is not made, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, the dehumidification request is not made, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when an engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, a dehumidifying request is requested, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, the dehumidification is requested, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is satisfied, the dehumidification is requested, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2. is there.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped and heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is satisfied, the dehumidification is requested, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when an engine is stopped and cooling is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is satisfied, dehumidification is requested, and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 2.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped and cooling is requested, the amount of heat of the cooling water is satisfied, the dehumidification is requested, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped, the cooling is requested, and the outside air is introduced in the configuration of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is stopped, a cooling request is made, and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is driven, heating is requested, outside air is introduced, and the temperature is equal to or less than a set minimum coolant temperature in the configuration of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when the engine is driven, heating is requested, outside air is introduced, and the temperature is below a set minimum cooling water temperature in the configuration of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 33 A diagram showing a basic configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration during heating in Example 4.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration during cooling in Example 4.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration during dehumidifying heating in Example 4.
- FIG. 38 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing the nomination of the refrigerant binose means in the fourth embodiment, and (c) is a diagram showing the noration of the decompression means in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 40 A diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request and no dehumidification request and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request and no dehumidification request and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request and a dehumidification request and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a heating request and a dehumidification request and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a cooling request and a dehumidification request and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a cooling request and a dehumidification request and the inside air is circulated in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when cooling is requested and outside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 5.
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing a cycle configuration when there is a cooling request and the inside air is introduced in the configuration of Example 5.
- First refrigerant bypass means 21 Second refrigerant bypass means
- a vehicle air conditioner 100 includes a compressor 101 that compresses a refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger 102 that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and outside air, and Medium-to-medium heat exchanger 103 for heat exchange with cooling water, decompression means 10 for decompressing the condensed refrigerant 10 4.
- Evaporator 105 that exchanges heat between the decompressed refrigerant and the air blown into the vehicle 105
- Exhaust heat exchanger 106 that exchanges heat between the decompressed refrigerant and the air discharged from the vehicle, and blows the cooling water into the vehicle It comprises a radiator 107 for a heater that exchanges heat with the air, three-way valves 110 and 111 as a refrigerant bypass means, and a check valve 112.
- FIG. 2 shows a cycle state during heating.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit consisting of compressor 101 ⁇ intermediate heat exchanger 103 ⁇ decompression means 104 ⁇ exhaust heat exchanger 106 ⁇ compressor 101 is formed, and the refrigerant It condenses in the heat exchanger 103 and evaporates in the exhaust heat exchanger 106.
- the cooling water is warmed by the refrigerant heat in the inter-medium heat exchanger 103 and dissipated in the air blown out into the vehicle in the heater radiator 107, thereby enabling heating.
- the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air exhausted from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle in the exhaust heat exchange 106, the refrigerant becomes more efficient than the heat absorbed from the cold air outside the vehicle, and the heating performance is improved.
- cooling water temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value during heating, it is preferable to stop the cycle operation. This is because it is not necessary to use refrigerant heat as a heat source for heating.
- FIG. 3 shows a cycle state during cooling.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit consisting of compressor 101 ⁇ outdoor heat exchanger 102 ⁇ decompression means 104 ⁇ evaporator 105 ⁇ compressor 101 is formed, and the refrigerant condenses in heat exchanger 102 and evaporates in evaporator 105. .
- FIG. 4 shows a cycle state during dehumidifying heating.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit consisting of the compressor 101 ⁇ the medium heat exchanger 103 ⁇ the pressure reducing means 104 ⁇ the evaporator 105 is formed, and the refrigerant condenses in the medium heat exchanger 103 and evaporates in the evaporator 105.
- This makes it possible to simultaneously function the heater radiator 107 having a heating action and the evaporator 105 having a dehumidifying action.
- the cooling water temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, it is preferable to use a cycle during cooling.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 descriptions of a radiator for cooling the cooling water, a pump for flowing the cooling water, and the like are omitted.
- the compressor 101 is controlled so that condensation or frost formation does not occur in the exhaust heat exchange 106.
- various parameters are detected or input (step 150), and the target evaporation temperature Te of the exhaust heat exchanger 106 is calculated based on these parameters (step 150).
- a control signal S for changing the discharge amount of the compressor 101 is calculated (step 152), and this signal S is output to the compressor 101 (step 153).
- the condensation of the exhaust heat exchanger 106 is controlled by controlling the compressor 101 so that the surface temperature of the exhaust heat exchange 106 does not fall below the target evaporator temperature Te (except in the case of a short time). Or frost formation can be prevented.
- the parameters in step 150 are preferably the outside air temperature, the number of passengers, the outside air introduction amount, and the like.
- Figure 5 (b) shows the experimental values obtained by changing the number of passengers, the amount of outside air introduced, etc., assuming various situations, and the minimum temperature that does not cause condensation in the exhaust heat exchanger 106 in each situation. It is the data map which calculated
- a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 33 is used in an automobile (hybrid vehicle) using an engine and an electric motor as a driving source for traveling, and has a refrigerant circulation cycle 2, It has a cooling water circulation cycle 3, an intake duct 4, and an exhaust duct 5.
- Refrigerant circulation cycle 2 is a compressor 10 that pumps refrigerant as a heat exchange medium in the direction of the arrow in the figure, followed by heat storage tanks in order of the upstream force in the refrigerant circulation direction. ”) 11, outdoor heat exchanger 12, check valve 13, first decompression means 14, exhaust heat exchanger 15, second decompression means 16, evaporator 17, accumulator 18 are connected by piping, and outdoor heat exchanger
- These refrigerant bypass means 20, 21, and 22 are composed of electromagnetic on-off valves and piping, and these on-off valves are controlled by a predetermined ECU.
- Cooling water circulation cycle 3 is a cycle in which cooling water, which is a heat exchange medium for cooling engine 30, circulates.
- Engine 30 mechanical pump 31a, electric pump 31b, radiator 32, heater radiator 33 , Three-way valve 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d, 34e, 34f, check valve 35, open
- the valve closing 36a, 36b is configured by pipe connection.
- the three-way valves 34a to 34f, the check valve 35, the electromagnetic on-off valves 36a and 36b, the piping, and the ECU that controls them constitute cooling water bypass means that constitute a plurality of patterns of circuits, and this refrigerant bypass means Is controlled based on the sensors 37a, 37b, 37d that detect the temperature of the cooling water, the operation mode of the air conditioner, and the like.
- 37c is a PCT heater as an auxiliary electric heater used in extreme cold.
- the intake duct 4 has an opening 40 communicating with the outside of the vehicle and an opening 41 communicating with the inside of the vehicle at the upstream end in the ventilation direction, and an opening 42 communicating with the inside of the vehicle at the downstream end.
- the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43 for adjusting the opening degree of the openings 40 and 41 is disposed, and the blown air blown into the vehicle flows through the intake duct 4.
- a blower 44, an evaporator 17, and a heater radiator 33 are arranged in this order from the upstream side in the ventilation direction, and the amount of ventilation to the evaporator 17 and the heater radiator 33 is adjusted.
- Air mix doors 45a and 45b are arranged.
- the exhaust duct 5 has an opening 50 communicating with the inside of the vehicle at the upstream end in the ventilation direction, an opening 51 communicating with the outside of the vehicle, and an opening 52 communicating with the outside of the vehicle at the downstream end. Further, exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53 for adjusting the opening degree of the openings 50 and 51 is arranged.
- This exhaust duct 5 is a force mainly for exhausting the air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle. In this embodiment, only the inside air flows into the intake duct 4 by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43. When the inside air is circulated, the outside air is controlled to flow into the exhaust duct 5.
- a blower 54 and an exhaust heat exchanger 15 are arranged in order from the upstream side in the ventilation direction, and an air mix door 55 for adjusting the amount of ventilation to the exhaust heat exchanger 15 is provided. Has been placed.
- FIG. 7 shows a state when the vehicle air conditioner 1 configured as described above has a heating request, the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient, a dehumidification request is not made, and outside air is introduced.
- An example of this is when the engine 30 is running low, i.e., noro-no-ro operation due to traffic jams, waiting for a long signal, stop-and-go, etc. In such a situation, the coolant temperature rises. Therefore, the amount of heat required for heating is insufficient.
- Heating request, dehumidification request, heat quantity of cooling water, and cooling request described later are the air conditioning set temperature, vehicle It shows the calculation results by the ECU based on the inside temperature, outside air temperature, humidity, cooling water temperature, etc., the control signals output based on these, and the operation by the user.
- the temperature of the cooling water becomes lower than the condensation temperature of the refrigerant, it is determined that the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient.
- the outdoor heat exchange 12 is bypassed by the first refrigerant bypass means 20, and the second decompression means 16 and the evaporator 17 are bypassed by the third refrigerant bypass means 22. Is done.
- the coolant bypass means (three-way valve 34a to 34f, check valve 35, open / close valve 36a, 36b, etc.), circuit 3a comprising the engine 30, mechanical pump 31a, heat storage tank 11, heat And a circuit 3b comprising an electric pump 3 lb.
- the opening 40 communicating with the outside of the vehicle is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 41, and the air mix door 45a is closed (the amount of ventilation to the adjacent equipment is minimized) State), the air mix door 45b is in an open state (a state in which the amount of ventilation to the adjacent equipment is the largest).
- the opening 50 communicating with the vehicle interior is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 51, the blower 54 is stopped, and the air mix door 55 is opened.
- the blower 44 in the intake duct 4 is always driven when the air conditioner is in operation.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant pumped from the compressor 10 is subjected to heat exchange with low-temperature cooling water in the heat storage tank 11 and then depressurized by the first decompression means 14. Then, it evaporates in the exhaust heat exchanger 15, is separated into gas and liquid in the accumulator 18, and returns to the compressor 10. Further, in the cooling water circulation cycle 3, the cooling water circulating in the circuit 3a is circulated without flowing into the radiator 32 until reaching a predetermined temperature, and the cooling water circulating in the circuit 3b heats the refrigerant in the heat storage tank 11. After being absorbed, it flows into the heat radiator 33 for the heater and dissipates heat to the blown air in the intake duct 4.
- the exhaust heat exchange 15 functions as an evaporator, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from the warm interior air flowing in the exhaust duct 5, so there is no need to worry about frost formation.
- COP is better than if you do.
- the cooling water is heated by the refrigerant in the heat storage tank 11, it is possible to supplement the heat quantity due to the lack of cooling water.
- FIG. 8 shows that there is a heating request, the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient, no dehumidification request is made, and the inside air circulation (the state shown in FIG. 7 is different from the inside air circulation only). If you want to) It is.
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43, and the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means 53, so that the blower 54 in the exhaust duct 5 operates.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG. As described above, when the outside air is circulated in the exhaust duct 5, the air blower 54 is operated so that a large amount of air is supplied to the exhaust heat exchanger 15 so that heat exchange can be performed satisfactorily.
- FIG. 9 shows a case where there is a heating request, the amount of heat of the cooling water is sufficient, no dehumidification request is made, and outside air is introduced.
- the compressor 10 in the refrigerant circulation cycle 2 is stopped, and in the cooling water circulation cycle 3, the circuit 31c including the engine 30, the mechanical pump 31a, and the radiator 32, the engine 30, the mechanical pump 31a, the heater radiator 33, and the electric pump A circuit 31d consisting of 3 lb is constructed.
- FIG. 10 is different from FIG. 9 only in that there is a heating request, the amount of heat of the cooling water is sufficient, and there is no dehumidification request and the inside air circulation (the state shown in FIG. 9 is the inside air circulation). In this case).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43 and the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means 53.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 11 shows that there is a request for heating, the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient, there is a request for dehumidification, and when the outside air is introduced (the only difference is that there is a request for dehumidification from the state shown in FIG. If you do).
- the outdoor heat exchange 12 is bypassed by the first refrigerant bypass means 20.
- the air mix door 45a is in a half-open state.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- the refrigerant that has exchanged heat in the heat storage tank 11 is decompressed by the first decompression means 14, evaporated in the exhaust heat exchanger 15, and further decompressed by the second decompression means 16. Evaporates in the evaporator 17.
- the exhaust heat exchanger 15 and the evaporator 17 both function as an evaporator, the blown air can be dehumidified by the evaporator 17.
- FIG. 12 shows that there is a request for heating, the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient, there is a request for dehumidification, and the inside air circulation is different (the state shown in FIG. 11 is different from the inside air circulation only). If you do).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43, and the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means 53, so that the blower 54 in the exhaust duct 5 operates.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 13 shows a case where there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, there is a request for dehumidification, and outside air is introduced.
- the compressor 10 is driven, and the first pressure reducing means 14 is bypassed by the second nopass means 21.
- the air mix door 45a is opened.
- the air mix door 55 is closed, and the blower 54 is stopped.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as in the case of FIG.
- the refrigerant pressure-fed from the compressor 10 passes through the heat storage tank 11, condenses in the outdoor heat exchange l 2 and the exhaust heat exchange, and is decompressed by the second decompression means 16. And evaporates in the evaporator 17.
- dehumidification by the evaporator 17 ⁇ and heating by the heat of the cooling water can be performed, so that dehumidification heating can be performed.
- FIG. 14 shows that there is a heating request, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, there is a request for dehumidification, and the inside air circulation is different (only the state shown in FIG. 13 is the inside air circulation). If you do).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the intake duct 4, and the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means 53 in the exhaust duct 5.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 15 shows a case where there is a cooling and dehumidification request and outside air is introduced.
- the air mix door 45a is in an open state
- the air mix door 45b is in a half-open state.
- the air mix door 55 is opened in the exhaust duct 5.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 16 shows a state when there is a cooling and dehumidification request and the inside air is circulated.
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the suction duct 4.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means in the exhaust duct, and the blower 54 is driven.
- the Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 17 shows a cooling request and the introduction of outside air.
- the first decompression means 14 is bypassed by the second bypass means 21 in the refrigerant circulation cycle 2.
- a circuit 3c including the engine 30, the mechanical pump 31a, and the radiator 32 is configured.
- the air mix door 45a is opened and the air mix door 45b is closed.
- the refrigerant is heat-exchanged by the outdoor heat exchanger 12, and then flows into the exhaust heat exchanger and is further cooled by the air in the exhaust duct 5, that is, the cooled air in the vehicle, thereby providing a subcool. .
- COP can be improved.
- FIG. 18 shows a state when there is a cooling request and the inside air circulation is different (when only the point relating to the inside air circulation is different from the state shown in FIG. 17).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the suction duct 4.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, the blower 54 is activated, and the air mix door 55 is opened.
- the air volume and wind speed to the exhaust heat exchanger 15 can be controlled regardless of the vehicle speed, so that the subcool performance is improved and the COP is improved.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG. 17, and the engine may be either in an operating state or a stopped state as in FIG. 17.
- FIGS. 6 to 18 are when the engine 30 is driven.
- FIG. 19 shows that the engine is stopped (running only by the motor, at the time of idling stop accompanying stoppage), there is a heating request, the heat quantity of the cooling water is insufficient, and dehumidification This is a state when there is no request and when outside air is introduced.
- the outdoor heat exchange is bypassed by the first bypass means 20, and the second decompression means 16 and the evaporator 17 are bypassed by the third bypass means 22.
- a circuit 3e including an electric pump 31b, a heat storage tank 11, and a heater radiator 33 is configured.
- the opening 40 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43, the air mix door 45a is closed, and the air mix door 45b is opened.
- the opening 50 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, the blower 54 is stopped, and the air mix door 55 is opened.
- the heat of the refrigerant is conducted to the cooling water in the heat storage tank 11, so that it is possible to compensate for the shortage of the amount of heat of the cooling water accompanying the engine stop.
- frosting does not occur because the exhaust heat exchange functions as an evaporator.
- the exhaust gas can be reduced when the engine 30 is restarted, so that the temperature of the cooling water in the engine 30 does not excessively decrease.
- FIG. 20 shows that the engine is stopped (during idle stop, etc.), heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, dehumidification is not requested, and the inside air is circulated ( This is a state in the case where the state according to FIG. At this time, in the intake duct 4, the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43. Further, in the exhaust duct 5, the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 21 shows a state where the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of cooling water is sufficient, dehumidification is not requested, and outside air is introduced.
- the drive of the compressor 10 is stopped.
- a circuit 3f including the electric pump 31b, the radiator 32, and the heater radiator 33 is configured.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 22 shows that the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, dehumidification is not requested, and the inside air is circulated (as shown in FIG. 21). This is a situation in which only the point of the internal air circulation is different).
- the opening 41 is opened by the inside air side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the intake duct 4.
- the opening 50 is closed by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is stopped.
- FIG. 23 shows a state in which the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of heat of the cooling water is insufficient, dehumidification is requested, and outside air is introduced.
- a circuit 3e including the electric pump 3b, the heat storage tank 11, and the heater radiator 33 is formed.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- the mechanical pump 3la stops when the engine 30 stops, and both the exhaust heat exchanger 15 and the evaporator 17 function as evaporators as in the case of Fig. 11 described above. To do.
- FIG. 24 shows that the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is insufficient, dehumidification is requested, and the inside air is circulated (the state shown in FIG. 23). And the case where only the point of the internal air circulation is different).
- the opening 41 is opened by the inside air side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the intake duct 4.
- the opening 53 is opened by the outside air side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 25 shows a state in which the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of cooling water is sufficient, dehumidification is requested, and outside air is introduced.
- a circuit 3f including the electric pump 31b, the radiator 32, and the radiator 33 is configured.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 26 shows that the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the amount of heat of cooling water is sufficient, dehumidification is requested, and the inside air is circulated (the state shown in FIG. 25). And the case where only the point of the internal air circulation is different).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the intake duct 4.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is operated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 27 shows a state in which the engine is stopped (during idling stop, etc.), there is a cooling request, there is a dehumidification request, and outside air is introduced.
- cooling water circulation cycle 3 it consists of electric pump 31b, radiator 32, and radiator 33 for heater.
- Circuit 3f is configured. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 28 shows that the engine is stopped (during idle stop, etc.), there is a cooling request, there is a dehumidification request, and the inside air circulation (the state shown in FIG. 27 and the inside air circulation are the points). Only when they differ).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the intake duct 4.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 29 shows a state where the engine is stopped and there is a cooling request and the outside air is circulated. At this time, in the coolant circulation cycle 3, the mechanical pump 31a is stopped along with the stop of the engine 30, and the electric pump 3 lb is also stopped. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 30 is different from FIG. 30 only in that the engine is stopped (during idling stop, etc.), the cooling is requested, and the inside air circulation (the state shown in FIG. 29 and the engine are stopped). State).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 31 shows a case where the engine is stopped, there is a heating request, outside air is introduced, and the set temperature is equal to or lower than the set cooling water temperature.
- the minimum temperature of the cooling water is a value set so that the amount of exhaust gas increase does not exceed the allowable range.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is bypassed by the first binous means 20, and the second decompression means 16 and the evaporator 17 are bypassed by the third bypass means 22.
- the mechanical pump 31a, the engine 30, the heat storage tank 11, the heater radiator 33, and the downstream side of the heat storage tank 11 and the upstream side of the second pump 31b are connected to the check valve 35 and the open / close valve.
- 36b is placed to bypass the radiator 33 for the heater.
- a circuit 3g comprising the flow path 39 to be formed is configured.
- the opening 40 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43, the air mix door 45a is closed, and the air mix door 45b is opened.
- the opening 50 is opened by the exhaust-side inside / outside air switching means 53, the blower 54 is stopped, and the air mix door 55 is opened.
- the cooling water flowing out of the engine 30 absorbs the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant power heat in the heat storage tank 11, and flows into the heater radiator 33 to be taken into the intake duct. 4 radiates heat to the blown air in 4 and passes through the flow path 39 to the electric pump 31b and flows into the engine 30 again. As a result, the temperature of the cooling water in the engine 30 becomes high, so that an increase in exhaust gas when the engine 30 is restarted can be prevented. Further, by opening the flow path 39, since all the cooling water does not flow into the heater radiator 33, the cooling water temperature is likely to rise. This configuration effectively functions in a hybrid vehicle where the cooling water temperature is likely to be lowered if it is an idle stop vehicle.
- the actions in the intake duct 4 and the exhaust duct 5 are as described above.
- FIG. 32 shows only that the engine is stopped, heating is requested, the inside air is circulated, and the set cooling water is below the set temperature (the state shown in FIG. 31 and the inside air circulation). This is the state in the case of difference.
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43 in the intake duct 4.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- the vehicle air conditioner 38 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 33 is a case where CO is used as the refrigerant in the second embodiment, and the outlet side of the exhaust heat exchanger 15 and the inlet side of the compressor 10 are used.
- a vehicle air conditioner 200 includes a compressor 201 that compresses a refrigerant. , Outdoor heat exchanger 202 that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and the outside air, heat exchanger 203 for heater that exchanges heat between the compressed refrigerant and air blown into the vehicle, decompression means 204 that decompresses the condensed refrigerant, and decompression An evaporator 205 that exchanges heat with the air that is blown out into the vehicle after the refrigerant, an exhaust heat exchanger 206 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant after decompression and the air discharged from the vehicle, three-way valves 210 and 211 as refrigerant bypass means, A check valve 212 is provided.
- Fig. 35 shows a state during heating.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit consisting of the compressor 201 ⁇ the heater heat exchanger 203 ⁇ the pressure reducing means 204 ⁇ the exhaust heat exchanger 206 ⁇ the compressor 201 is formed, and the refrigerant is used for the heater.
- Heat is dissipated by heat exchange 203 and absorbed by exhaust heat exchanger 206.
- the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air exhausted from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle in the exhaust heat exchanger 206. Therefore, the refrigerant becomes more efficient than the heat absorbed from the cold air outside the vehicle, and heating performance is improved.
- FIG. 36 shows a state during cooling.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit consisting of the compressor 201 ⁇ the outdoor heat exchanger 202 ⁇ the decompression means 204 ⁇ the evaporator 205 ⁇ the compressor 201 is formed, and the refrigerant condenses in the outdoor heat exchanger 202, and the evaporator 205 Evaporate.
- FIG. 37 shows a state during dehumidifying heating.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit comprising a compressor 201 ⁇ heater heat exchanger 203 ⁇ pressure reducing means 204 ⁇ evaporator 205 is formed, and the refrigerant is condensed in the heat exchanger 203 for heater and evaporated in the evaporator 205.
- the heat exchanger 203 for heater that performs the heating action and the evaporator 205 that performs the dehumidifying action can be simultaneously functioned.
- FIG. 38 (a) two on-off valves 213, 214 are used instead of the three-way valve 211, and further, as shown in FIG. 38 (b), two on-off valves are used instead of the three-way valve 210.
- the refrigerant bypass means can also be configured by using the two on-off valves 215 and 216.
- dedicated decompression means 204a and 204b may be provided in the evaporator 205 and the exhaust heat exchanger 206, respectively (this is also applicable in the first embodiment). .
- a container for gas-liquid separation provided on the high pressure side or Z and low pressure side, or a reservoir for storing Z and surplus refrigerant, an existing hot water heater, etc. are omitted.
- the vehicle air conditioner 70 uses an electric motor for traveling. It is used for automobiles (electric cars, fuel cell cars, etc.) as a drive source, and has a refrigerant circulation cycle 71, an intake duct 4, and an exhaust duct 5.
- the fourth bypass means 65 for bypassing the pressure reducing means 57, the fifth nopass means 66 for bypassing the outdoor heat exchange 58, the fourth decompression means 60, and the sixth nopass for binning the evaporator 61 It is provided with means 67.
- the heater heat exchanger 56 receives the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant pumped from the compressor 55 and exchanges heat between this refrigerant and the blown-out air flowing through the intake duct 4.
- the internal heat exchanger 63 exchanges heat between the refrigerant on the outlet side of the exhaust heat exchanger 59 and the refrigerant on the inlet side of the compressor 10.
- the third to sixth bypass means 65, 66, 67 are constituted by electromagnetic open / close valves and pipes as in the second embodiment.
- the intake duct 4 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43, the blower 44, the evaporator 61, the heater heat exchanger 56, the air mix door 45a, 45b is disposed, and an opening 40 communicating with the outside of the vehicle and an opening 41 communicating with the inside of the vehicle are formed at the upstream end, and an opening 42 communicating with the inside of the vehicle is formed at the downstream end.
- the exhaust duct 5 has an exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, a blower 54, and an exhaust heat exchanger 59 disposed therein, and an upstream portion 50 that communicates with the inside of the vehicle, an opening portion 51 that communicates with the outside of the vehicle, and a downstream end. An opening 52 that communicates with the outside of the vehicle is formed.
- FIG. 40 shows a state in the vehicle air conditioner 70 having the above-described configuration when there is a heating request and no dehumidification request and outside air is introduced.
- the outdoor heat exchange 58 is bypassed by the second nopass means 66, and the fourth decompression means 60 and the evaporator 61 are bypassed by the third bypass means 67.
- the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 41 opens the opening 40 communicating with the outside of the vehicle, opens the opening 41 communicating with the inside of the vehicle with a small opening, and closes the air mix door 45a.
- the air mix door 45b is opened.
- the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 51 opens the opening 50 communicating with the inside of the vehicle, and the blower 54 stops. To do.
- the exhaust heat exchanger 59 functions as an evaporator, the COP can be improved as compared with the case where heat is absorbed from outside air that does not form frost or condensation.
- FIG. 41 shows a state in which there is a heating request, no dehumidification request is made, and the inside air circulation is different (a case where only the point relating to the inside air circulation is different from the state shown in FIG. 40).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. This increases the amount of ventilation to the exhaust heat exchanger 59 and promotes heat exchange.
- FIG. 42 shows a state when there is a heating request and there is a dehumidification request and when outside air is introduced (when the only difference from the state according to FIG. 40 is that there is a dehumidification request).
- the outdoor heat exchange 58 is binosed by the second binos means 66.
- the air mix door 45a is in a half-open state.
- Other configurations are the same as in FIG.
- both the exhaust heat exchanger 59 and the evaporator 61 function as an evaporator, and the blown air passes through the evaporator 61 to perform dehumidification.
- FIG. 43 shows a state in which there is a heating request, a dehumidification request, and the inside air circulation (when the inside air circulation is different from the state according to FIG. 42).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 44 shows a state when there is a cooling request and there is a dehumidification request and when outside air is introduced (when the only difference from the state shown in FIG. 42 is that there is a cooling request).
- the fourth pressure reducing means 57 is bypassed by the first bypass means 65.
- the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 41 opens the opening 40 communicating with the outside of the vehicle and opens the opening 41 communicating with the inside of the vehicle with a small opening, and the air mix door 45a is opened.
- the air mix door 45b is in a half-open state.
- the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 51 has an opening 50 communicating with the inside of the vehicle. It opens and the blower 54 stops.
- the refrigerant before condensation flows into the exhaust heat exchanger 59 and the exhaust heat exchanger 59 functions to give a subcool to the refrigerant, so that COP can be improved. Further, at this time, the already cooled vehicle interior air is circulating in the exhaust duct 5, so that the obtained subcool becomes large.
- FIG. 45 shows a state in which there is a cooling request, there is a dehumidification request, and the inside air circulation is different from the state according to FIG. 44 only in the point of the inside air circulation.
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake-side inside / outside air switching means 43.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is activated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 46 shows a state in which there is a cooling request and outside air is introduced (when it differs from the state in FIG. 46 only in that there is no dehumidification request). At this time, the air mix door 45b is closed in the intake duct 4. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 47 shows a state in which there is a cooling request and the inside air circulation (when the state according to FIG. 46 is different only in the inside air circulation).
- the opening 41 is opened by the intake side inside / outside air switching means 43.
- the opening 51 is opened by the exhaust side inside / outside air switching means 53, and the blower 54 is operated.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
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Abstract
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JP2004-349463 | 2004-12-02 | ||
JP2004349463 | 2004-12-02 | ||
JP2005089791A JP2006182344A (ja) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-03-25 | 車両用空調装置 |
JP2005-089791 | 2005-03-25 |
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WO2006059410A1 true WO2006059410A1 (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
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PCT/JP2005/013285 WO2006059410A1 (ja) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-07-20 | 車両用空調装置 |
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JP (1) | JP2006182344A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006059410A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP5136881B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-17 | 2013-02-06 | 株式会社ヴァレオジャパン | 車両用空調装置 |
JP5186422B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-02 | 2013-04-17 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 車両用空気調和装置 |
DE102017109309A1 (de) | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-08 | Hanon Systems | Klimatisierungssystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Klimatisierungssystems |
KR102657254B1 (ko) * | 2019-06-18 | 2024-04-16 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | 차량용 탁자형 공조장치 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0532031U (ja) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-27 | カルソニツク株式会社 | 自動車用空気調和装置 |
JPH05294135A (ja) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-11-09 | Calsonic Corp | 電気自動車用空調機 |
JPH06135221A (ja) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-05-17 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | 空調装置 |
JP2004142646A (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
JP2004188995A (ja) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 空調装置及び空調方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6015218A (ja) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-01-25 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 自動車用空気調和装置 |
JP4576542B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-18 | 2010-11-10 | 地方独立行政法人北海道立総合研究機構 | 換気排熱回収装置 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-25 JP JP2005089791A patent/JP2006182344A/ja active Pending
- 2005-07-20 WO PCT/JP2005/013285 patent/WO2006059410A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0532031U (ja) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-27 | カルソニツク株式会社 | 自動車用空気調和装置 |
JPH05294135A (ja) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-11-09 | Calsonic Corp | 電気自動車用空調機 |
JPH06135221A (ja) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-05-17 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | 空調装置 |
JP2004142646A (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
JP2004188995A (ja) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 空調装置及び空調方法 |
Also Published As
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JP2006182344A (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
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