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  • C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel pyrimidine-sulfamides of the general formula I and their use as active ingredients in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.
• the invention also concerns related aspects including processes for the preparation of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more compounds of the General Formula I, and especially their use as endothelin receptor antagonists.
• Endothelins are 21-amino acid peptides produced and active in almost all tissues (Yanagisawa M et al.: Nature (1988) 332:411). Endothelins are potent vasoconstrictors and important mediators of cardiac, renal, endocrine and immune functions (McMillen MA et al.: J Am Coll Surg (1995) 180:621). They participate in bronchoconstriction and regulate neurotransmitter release, activation of inflammatory cells, fibrosis, cell proliferation and cell differentiation (Rubanyi GM et al.: Pharmacol Rev (1994) 46:328).
• ET A , ET B Two endothelin receptors have been cloned and characterized in mammals (ET A , ET B ) (Arai H et al.: Nature (1990) 348:730; Sakurai T et al.: Nature (1990) 348:732).
• the ET A receptor is characterized by higher affinity for ET-1 and ET-2 than for ET-3. It is predominant in vascular smooth muscle cells and mediates vasoconstricting and proliferative responses (Ohlstein EH et al.: Drug Dev Res (1993) 29:108).
• the ET 6 receptor has equivalent affinity for the three endothelin isopeptides and binds the linear form of endothelin, tetra-ala- endothelin, and sarafotoxin S6C (Ogawa Y et al.: BBRC (1991) 178:248).
• This receptor is located in the vascular endothelium and smooth muscles, and is also particularly abundant in lung and brain.
• ET B receptor from endothelial cells mediates transient vasodilator responses to ET-1 and ET-3 through the release of nitric oxide and/or prostacyclin whereas the ET 6 receptor from smooth muscle cells exerts vasoconstricting actions (Sumner MJ et al.: Brit J Pharmacol (1992) 107:858).
• ET A and ET B receptors are highly similar in structure and belong to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors.
• ET-1 A pathophysiological role has been suggested for ET-1 in view of its increased plasma and tissue levels in several disease states such as hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, sepsis, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, renal failure, migraine and asthma.
• endothelin receptor antagonists have been studied extensively as potential therapeutic agents. Endothelin receptor antagonists have demonstrated preclinical and/or clinical efficacy in various diseases such as cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage, heart failure, pulmonary and systemic hypertension, neurogenic inflammation, renal failure and myocardial infarction.
• endothelin receptor antagonist Today, only one endothelin receptor antagonist (TracleerTM) is marketed and several are in clinical trials. However, some of these molecules possess a number of weaknesses such as complex synthesis, low solubility, high molecular weight, poor pharmacokinetics, or safety problems (e.g. liver enzyme increases). Furthermore, the contribution of differing ET A / ET B receptor blockade to the clinical outcome is not known. Thus, tailoring of the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties and the selectivity profile of each antagonist for a given clinical indication is mandatory. In previous patent applications we disclosed endothelin receptor antagonists with a pyrimidine core structure containing a sulfamide unit [WO 02/0533557 A1 ; WO 04/050640].
• the compounds of the present invention exhibit a greater water solubility by at least one order of magnitude over a wide pH range when compared to the compounds disclosed in WO 02/0533557 A1 and WO 04/050640.
• membranes of CHO cells expressing human recombinant ETA or ETB receptors were used.
• Microsomal membranes from recombinant CHO cells were prepared and the binding assay made as previously described (Breu V., et al, FEBS Lett 1993; 334:210).
• the assay is performed in 200 uL 50 mM Tris/HCI buffer, pH 7.4, including 25 mM MnCI 2 , 1 mM EDTA and 0.5% (w/v) BSA in polypropylene microtiter plates.
• Membranes containing 0.5 ug protein were incubated for 2 h at 20°C with 8 pM [ 125 I]ET-I (4000 cpm) and increasing concentrations of unlabelled antagonists. Maximum and minimum binding were estimated in samples without and with 100 nM ET-1 , respectively. After 2 h, the membranes were filtered on filterplates containing GF/C filters (Unifilterplates from Canberra Packard S. A. Zurich, Switzerland).
• IC 50 is calculated as the concentration of antagonist inhibiting 50 % of the specific binding of ET-1.
• the functional inhibitory potency of the endothelin antagonists was assessed by their inhibition of the contraction induced by endothelin-1 on rat aortic rings (ET A receptors) and of the contraction induced by sarafotoxin S6c on rat tracheal rings (ETB receptors).
• E A receptors endothelin-1 on rat aortic rings
• EB receptors sarafotoxin S6c on rat tracheal rings
• Each ring was suspended in a 10 ml_ isolated organ bath filled with Krebs- Henseleit solution (in mM; NaCI 1 15, KCI 4.7, MgSO 4 1.2, KH 2 PO 4 1.5, NaHCO 3 25, CaCI 2 2.5, glucose 10) kept at 37°C and gassed with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 .
• the rings were connected to force transducers and isometric tension was recorded (EMKA Technologies SA, Paris, France).
• the rings were stretched to a resting tension of 3 g (aorta) or 2 g (trachea). Cumulative doses of ET-1 (aorta) or sarafotoxin S6c (trachea) were added after a 10 min incubation with the test compound or its vehicle.
• the functional inhibitory potency of the test compound was assessed by calculating the concentration ratio, i.e. the shift to the right of the EC50 induced by different concentrations of test compound.
• EC 50 is the concentration of endothelin needed to get a half-maximal contraction
• pA 2 is the negative logarithm of the antagonist concentration which induces a two-fold shift in the EC 50 value.
• the described compounds can be used for treatment of diseases, which are associated with an increase in vasoconstriction, proliferation or inflammation due to endothelin.
• diseases which are associated with an increase in vasoconstriction, proliferation or inflammation due to endothelin.
• diseases are hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, coronary diseases, cardiac insufficiency, renal and myocardial ischemia, renal failure, cerebral ischemia, dementia, migraine, subarachnoidal hemorrhage, Raynaud's syndrome, digital ulcers and portal hypertension.
• Atherosclerosis restenosis after balloon or stent angioplasty, inflammation, stomach and duodenal ulcer, cancer, melanoma, prostate cancer, prostatic hypertrophy, erectile dysfunction, hearing loss, amaurosis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, gram negative septicemia, shock, sickle cell anemia, glomerulonephritis, renal colic, glaucoma, connective tissue diseases, therapy and prophylaxis of diabetic complications, complications of vascular or cardiac surgery or after organ transplantation, complications of cyclosporin treatment, pain, hyperlipidemia as well as other diseases, presently known to be related to endothelin.
• the compounds can be administered orally, rectally, parenterally, e.g. by intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrathecal or transdermal administration or sublingually or as ophthalmic preparation or administered as aerosol.
• applications are capsules, tablets, orally administered suspensions or solutions, suppositories, injections, eye-drops, ointments or aerosols/nebulizers.
• Preferred applications are intravenous, intra-muscular, or oral administrations as well as eye drops.
• the dosage used depends upon the type of the specific active ingredient, the age and the requirements of the patient and the kind of application. Generally, dosages of 0.1 - 50 mg / kg body weight per day are considered.
• the preparations with compounds can contain inert or as well pharmacodynamically active excipients. Tablets or granules, for example, could contain a number of binding agents, filling excipients, carrier substances or diluents.
• the present invention relates to pyrimidine-sulfamides of the General Formula I,
• R 1 represents -CH(OH)-CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 COOH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -COOH;
• R 2 represents 4-bromophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 2-methoxyphenoxy, 3-methoxyphenoxy, 2-chloro-5-methoxy-phenoxy;
• R 3 represents bromine or chlorine; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• salts encompasses either salts with inorganic acids or organic acids like hydrohalogenic acids, e.g. hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid; sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, methylsulfonic acid, p- toluolsulfonic acid and the like or in case the compound of formula I is acidic in nature with an inorganic base like an alkali or earth alkali base, e.g. sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and the like.
• hydrohalogenic acids e.g. hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid
• an inorganic base like an alkali or earth alkali base,
• the compounds of the general formula I might have one asymmetric carbon atom and may be prepared in form of optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers, and racemates.
• the present invention encompasses all these forms. Mixtures may be separated in a manner known per se, i.e. by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, HPLC or crystallization.
• the described compounds of the general formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be used for treatment of diseases which are associated with an increase in vasoconstriction, proliferation or inflammation due to endothelin.
• diseases which are associated with an increase in vasoconstriction, proliferation or inflammation due to endothelin.
• diseases are hypertension, coronary diseases, cardiac insufficiency, renal and myocardial ischemia, renal failure, cerebral ischemia, dementia, migraine, subarachnoidal hemorrhage, Raynaud's syndrome, portal hypertension, and pulmonary hypertension.
• compositions can also be used for the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis, restenosis after balloon or stent angioplasty, inflammation, stomach and duodenal ulcer, cancer, prostatic hypertrophy, erectile dysfunction, hearing loss, amaurosis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, gram negative septicemia, shock, sickle cell anemia, glomerulonephritis, renal colic, glaucoma, therapy and prophylaxis of diabetic complications, complications of vascular or cardiac surgery or after organ transplantation, complications of cyclosporin treatment, pain, hyperlipidemia as well as other diseases presently known to be related to endothelin.
• These compositions may be administered in enteral or oral form e.g.
• compositions may contain the compounds of formula I as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts in combination with inorganic and/or organic excipients which are usual in the pharmaceutical industry like lactose, maize or derivatives thereof, talcum, stearinic acid or salts of these materials.
• vegetable oils, waxes, fats, liquid or half-liquid polyols may be used.
• solutions and sirups e.g. water, polyols, saccharose, glucose can be used.
• injectables can be prepared by using e.g. water, polyols, alcohols, glycerin, vegetable oils, lecithin, or liposomes.
• Suppositories may be prepared by using natural or hydrogenated oils, waxes, fatty acids (fats), liquid or half-liquid polyols.
• compositions may contain in addition preservatives, stability improving substances, viscosity improving or regulating substances, solubility improving substances, sweeteners, dyes, taste improving compounds, salts to change the osmotic pressure, buffer or antioxidants.
• the compounds of general formula I may also be used in combination with one or more other therapeutically useful substances e.g. ⁇ - and ⁇ -blockers ⁇ like phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine, atenolol, propranolol, timolol, metoprolol, carteolol and the like; vasodilators like hydralazine, minoxidil, diazoxide, or flosequinan; calcium-antagonists like diltiazem, nicardipine, nimodipine, verapamil or nifedipine; ACE-inhibitors like cilazapril, captopril, enalapril, lisinopril and the like; potassium channel activators like pinacidil; angiotensin Il receptor antagonists like losartan, valsartan, irbesartan and the like; diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide, chlorothiazi
• the dosage may vary within wide limits but should be adapted to the specific situation.
• the dosage given daily in oral form should be between about 1 mg and about 1 g, preferably between about 3 mg and about 500 mg, especially preferred between 5 mg and 300 mg, per adult with a body weight of about 70 kg.
• the dosage should be administered preferably in 1 to 3 doses per day which are of equal weight. As usual children should receive lower doses which are adapted to body weight and age.
• R 1 represents -CH 2 -CH 2 OH and R 2 and R 3 are as defined in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• R 1 represents -CH 2 -COOH and R 2 and R 3 are as defined in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• R 2 represents 4-bromophenyl
• R 1 and R 3 are as defined in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• R 3 represents bromine, and R 1 and R 2 are as defined in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• R 1 represents -CH 2 -CH 2 OH or -CH 2 -COOH
• R 2 represents phenyl, substituted in 4-position by halogen
• R 3 is defined as in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• R 1 represents -CH 2 -CH 2 OH
• R 2 represents 4-bromophenyl
• R 3 is defined as in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• R 1 represents -CH 2 -COOH
• R 2 represents 4-bromophenyl
• R 3 is defined as in General Formula (I) above; and optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• Particularly preferred compounds are:
• the desired compounds of General Formula I can be prepared by reacting a compound of the Formula 1 :
• G 1 is a reactive residue, preferentially a chlorine atom, with a compound of the Formula 2,
• R 3 is as defined in General Formula (I) above, or a salt thereof.
• R 1 may be as defined for R 1 in General Formula (I), or preferentially represents a suitably protected precursor of the residue R 1 . In this latter case, deprotection is required as a last step to generate the compounds of General Formula (I).
• R 2 is as defined in General Formula (I).
• the compounds of Formula 1 can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 3 with a compound of Formula 4 in the presence or absence of an additional base in solvents such as DMF 1 DMSO, THF or mixtures thereof.
• the preparation of compounds of Formula 3 may follow literature procedures (e.g. W. Neidhart, V. Breu, D. Bur, K. Burri, M. Clozel, G. Hirth, M. M ⁇ ller, H. P. Wessel, H. Ramuz; Chimia, 1996, 50, 519 - 524 and references cited there; W. Neidhart, V. Breu, K. Burri, M. Clozel, G. Hirth, U. Klinkhammer, T. Giller, H. Ramuz; Bioorg.
• the compounds of General Formula (I) may also be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 5
• Compounds of Formula 5 are prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 1 with ethylene glycol, or a suitably mono-protected precursor thereof, in the presence of a base such as potassium te/t-butylate, NaH, in the presence or absence of an additional solvent such as 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane, DMSO, DMF, THF, etc at temperatures between rt and 110 0 C.
• a base such as potassium te/t-butylate, NaH
• an additional solvent such as 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane, DMSO, DMF, THF, etc at temperatures between rt and 110 0 C.
• the 2-substituted malonic ester 2 was prepared by reacting methyl 4-bromophenylacetate 3 with dimethylcarbonate 4 in the presence of NaH in THF.
• the malonic ester derivative 2 was dissolved in methanol, sodium methylate was added, and stirring was continued for about 30 min followed by the addition of an formamidine hydrochloride 1. Stirring at ambient temperature was continued for another 8 h. After acidic work up, the 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine 5 could be isolated in good to excellent yields.
• EP 0 743 307 A1 EP 0 658 548 B1; EP 0 959 072 A1 (Tanabe Seiyaku); EP 0 633 259 B1; EP 0 526 708 A1; WO 96/19459 (F. Hoffmann-LaRoche); EP 0 882 719 A1 (Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd); WO 02 53557 (Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd.).

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• 2005
  • 2005-11-10 TW TW094139488A patent/TW200628467A/zh unknown
  • 2005-11-11 US US11/718,922 patent/US7868012B2/en active Active
  • 2005-11-11 ES ES05802290T patent/ES2362103T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-11-11 RU RU2007121842/04A patent/RU2007121842A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-11-11 JP JP2007540808A patent/JP5020089B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-11-11 PT PT05802290T patent/PT1833821E/pt unknown
  • 2005-11-11 CA CA2586106A patent/CA2586106C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-11-11 AU AU2005303435A patent/AU2005303435A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-11-11 PL PL05802290T patent/PL1833821T3/pl unknown
  • 2005-11-11 BR BRPI0517565-8A patent/BRPI0517565A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-11-11 EP EP05802290A patent/EP1833821B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-11-11 DK DK05802290.6T patent/DK1833821T3/da active
  • 2005-11-11 WO PCT/IB2005/053716 patent/WO2006051502A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2005-11-11 KR KR1020077012690A patent/KR101285463B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-11-11 AT AT05802290T patent/ATE503752T1/de active
  • 2005-11-11 DE DE602005027251T patent/DE602005027251D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-11-11 CN CNA200580038466XA patent/CN101056872A/zh active Pending
  • 2005-11-11 MX MX2007005566A patent/MX2007005566A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-11-11 AR ARP050104726A patent/AR051764A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-11-11 SI SI200531305T patent/SI1833821T1/sl unknown
• 2011
  • 2011-06-16 CY CY20111100575T patent/CY1111578T1/el unknown

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