WO2006025152A1 - Dlc膜およびその形成方法 - Google Patents
Dlc膜およびその形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006025152A1 WO2006025152A1 PCT/JP2005/012446 JP2005012446W WO2006025152A1 WO 2006025152 A1 WO2006025152 A1 WO 2006025152A1 JP 2005012446 W JP2005012446 W JP 2005012446W WO 2006025152 A1 WO2006025152 A1 WO 2006025152A1
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- dlc film
- refractive index
- film
- center
- continuously
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/04—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so called "aspheric" lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
- G02B5/1857—Manufacturing methods using exposure or etching means, e.g. holography, photolithography, exposure to electron or ion beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0087—Simple or compound lenses with index gradient
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DLC film in which a refractive index that can be used as an optical element is continuously changed. More specifically, the refractive index is continuously lowered or increased to function as a convex lens or a concave lens. It relates to a DLC film having
- Patent Document 1 an optical element having a function of a convex lens or a concave lens by continuously decreasing or increasing its refractive index in the central force radial direction of the optical axis.
- Patent Document 2 an optical element having a function of a convex lens or a concave lens by continuously decreasing or increasing its refractive index in the central force radial direction of the optical axis.
- the optical element described above is a process in the case of a lens that forms a refractive index distribution in the radial direction by replacing Na ions in glass with Ag ions in molten salt, for example.
- the minimum diameter is about lmm and the maximum refractive index difference in the radial direction is about 0.1, a sufficient thickness (for example, 3 mm to 10 mm) is required to provide a sufficient light collecting or scattering function. Degree) is required, and miniaturization or integration is limited.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the above optical element forms a refractive index distribution of about 0.1 in the film thickness direction by, for example, laminating and heating glass layers having different refractive indexes.
- a sufficient thickness for example, about 1 mm to 10 mm is necessary in the process, and it has been difficult to reduce the size or integrate the lens.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-109456
- Patent Document 2 JP 2001-159702 A
- Patent Document 3 JP 2001-281417 A
- Non-Patent Document 1 Shoji Toyama, “GRADIUMU, an optically distributed refractive index optical material”, 0 plus E, New Technology Communications, March 1998, p330-336
- An object of the present invention is to provide a DLC film that functions as an optical element and can be easily miniaturized or integrated, and a method for forming the DLC film.
- the present invention is a DLC film whose refractive index continuously changes in at least one width direction from the center of the film.
- This DLC film can have a function as a convex lens by continuously lowering the refractive index in at least one width direction of the central force of the film. Further, the DLC film can have a function as a concave lens by continuously increasing the refractive index in at least one width direction from the center of the film.
- the present invention is a DLC film whose refractive index continuously changes in the film thickness direction.
- This DLC film can continuously increase the refractive index in the film thickness direction.
- the DLC film can have a function as a convex lens by continuously reducing the film thickness in at least one width direction of the film.
- the DLC film can have a function as a concave lens by continuously increasing the film thickness in at least one width direction from the center of the film.
- the DLC film can have a function as a convex lens by continuously reducing the refractive index in the width direction of at least one of the central forces of the film.
- the DLC film can have a function as a concave lens by continuously increasing the refractive index in at least one width direction of the central force of the film.
- the DLC film whose refractive index continuously changes in the film thickness direction includes a plurality of concentric band-shaped ring regions, and the band-shaped ring zones have a function as a diffraction grating. Is relatively modulated, and the width of the band-shaped ring region can be a DLC film in which the ring region farther from the concentric center force is narrowed. Further, the DLC film includes m concentric ring zones, each of which includes the n band-shaped ring regions, and in each of the ring zones, the inner band-shaped ring region is the outer band-shaped ring region.
- the ring-shaped ring regions corresponding to each other in the ring zones have the same refractive index and function as a convex lens.
- the DLC film also includes m concentric ring zones, each of the ring zones includes n strip ring regions, and in each of the ring zones, the inner strip ring region is the outer strip ring region.
- the band-shaped ring regions corresponding to each other in each of the ring zones have the same refractive index and can function as a concave lens.
- the present invention provides a DLC film that continuously changes the refractive index of a DLC film from the center of the film in at least one width direction and at least one film thickness direction by irradiation with an energy beam.
- the energy beam can be at least selected from the group force of light, X-ray, ion beam and electron beam force.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic top view of a DLC film in a schematic diagram showing one DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a DLC film in a schematic view showing one DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a DLC film in a schematic view showing one DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing another DLC film useful for the present invention, and is a schematic plan view of the DLC film.
- FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a DLC film, showing another DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram showing another DLC film useful for the present invention, and is a schematic cross-sectional view of the DLC film.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method for forming one DLC film having a convex lens function according to the present invention, and shows formation of a gold mask on the DLC film.
- FIG. 3B In a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method for forming a DLC film having a convex lens function according to the present invention, He ion beam irradiation from the gold mask side of the DLC film is shown.
- [4A] In a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of forming a DLC film having a concave lens function according to the present invention, formation of a gold mask on the DLC film is shown.
- a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method for forming a DLC film having a concave lens function according to the present invention shows He ion beam irradiation from the gold mask side of the DLC film.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another method for forming a DLC film according to the present invention.
- a cross-sectional schematic view showing one method of forming another DLC film having a convex lens function according to the present invention shows formation of a resist pattern on the DLC film.
- FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of forming another DLC film having a convex lens function according to the present invention, and shows etching of the DLC film and the resist pattern.
- a cross-sectional schematic view showing one method of forming another DLC film having a convex lens function according to the present invention shows the DLC film after etching.
- a cross-sectional schematic view showing one method of forming another DLC film having a concave lens function according to the present invention shows the formation of a resist pattern on the DLC film.
- a cross-sectional schematic view showing one method of forming another DLC film having a concave lens function according to the present invention shows the DLC film after etching.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another method for forming another DLC film having a convex lens function according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another method of forming another DLC film having a concave lens function according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10A is a schematic plan view of a DLC film in still another schematic diagram of the DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a DLC film in still another schematic view of the DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another method of forming a DLC film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11C is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another DLC film forming method according to the present invention, showing weak He ion beam irradiation from the main surface side of the DLC film.
- the present inventors have confirmed that the refractive index can be increased by irradiating a light-transmitting DLC (diamond-like carbon) film with an energy beam. is doing.
- This DLC film can be formed on a silicon substrate, a glass substrate, and other various substrates by plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition).
- the DLC film obtained by such plasma CVD has a relatively low hardness (for example, Knoop hardness is less than 1000) and a relatively low refractive index (for example, about 1.55). Different from conventional DLC films (mainly used for tools) with high hardness (for example, Knoop hardness of 2000 or more) and relatively high refractive index (for example, about 2.0).
- the energy beam for increasing the refractive index of the DLC film an ion beam, an electron beam, synchrotron radiation (SR) light, ultraviolet (UV) light, or the like can be used.
- SR synchrotron radiation
- UV ultraviolet
- One DLC film useful for the present invention is a DLC film whose refractive index changes in at least one width direction W with reference to FIGS. Is this DLC membrane the center of the membrane?
- the refractive index continuously changes in at least one width direction, so that it has a function as an optical element.
- One DLC film according to the present invention will be described in more detail below as Embodiments 1 to 4.
- the refractive index of the center O force of the film also decreases continuously in at least one width direction W (that is, the refractive index increases in FIG. 1B).
- the large direction 111 is directed toward the center O of the film) and is a DLC film 1 P having a function as a convex lens.
- the present DLC film has one width direction W from the center O of the film.
- the refractive index is lower in proportion to the square of the radius in the radius direction.
- the method for forming the DLC film is, for example, as follows. First, on a SiO glass substrate with a refractive index of 1.44 having a major surface of 5 mm in diameter, a thickness of D is formed by plasma CVD.
- a gold mask 11 is formed on the DLC film 1 by sputtering.
- a silicon stamping die (not shown) whose surface is formed into a convex spherical surface by RIE (reactive ion etching) against the gold mask 11, the thickness of the gold mask 11 is reduced to the DL C film 1
- the part located on the center O of the DLC film is thinned.
- the part located on the concentric circle is made thicker as it moves away from the center of the DLC film 1 in the radial direction.
- a strong He ion beam 12 (acceleration voltage: 800 keV) is injected from above the gold mask 11 in a direction perpendicular to the DLC film.
- the refractive index continuously decreases in the radial direction from the center O of the film.
- the refractive index increasing direction 111 is directed to the center O of the film), and the DLC film lp having a function as a convex lens is formed.
- the refractive index distribution in the radial direction is determined by first measuring the hydrogen concentration in the radial DLC film by the SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy) method, and then the hydrogen concentration and refractive index in the DLC film. The relationship between the formula force and the refractive index was calculated.
- the refractive index of the DLC film is increased from the center.
- the value can be lowered in proportion to the square of the radius, and a DLC film having a good convex lens function can be obtained.
- the refractive index of the center O force of the film also increases continuously in at least one width direction W (that is, the refractive index increases in FIG. 1C).
- the DLC film lv has a function as a concave lens.
- the present DLC film has one width direction W from the center O of the film.
- the refractive index Since it has a refractive index distribution that increases continuously, it functions as a concave lens that diffuses light around the center o-axis of the film. In order to have a good concave lens function, it is preferable to design the refractive index to be higher in the radial direction in proportion to the square of the radius.
- the method of forming the DLC film is, for example, as follows. First, on a SiO glass substrate with a refractive index of 1.44 having a major surface of 5 mm in diameter, a thickness of D is formed by plasma CVD.
- a gold mask 11 is formed on the DLC film 1 by sputtering.
- a silicon stamping die (not shown) having a concave spherical surface formed by RIE is pressed against the gold mask 11 so that the thickness of the gold mask 11 is positioned on the center O of the DLC film 1.
- the portion located on the concentric circle becomes thinner.
- a strong He ion beam 12 (acceleration voltage: 8) is applied from above the gold mask 11.
- OOkeV is injected in the direction perpendicular to the DLC film.
- the refractive index continuously increases in the radial direction from the center O of the film with reference to FIG. 4B (that is, the refractive index increasing direction 111 in FIG. 4B).
- DLC film lv having a function as a concave lens is formed.
- the refractive index of the DLC film is decreased from the center. In the radial direction, it can be increased in proportion to the square of the radius, and a DLC film having a good concave lens function can be obtained.
- the refractive index of the center O force of the film continuously decreases in at least one width direction W (that is, the refractive index increases in FIG. 2B).
- the present DLC film has one width direction W from the center O of the film.
- the refractive index is wide in the width direction w (from the center of the film).
- U preferably designed to be lower in proportion to the square of the distance.
- this DLC film is the same as in Embodiment 1 except that the thickness of the gold mask is thin at the portion located on the center of the DLC film and is increased as it goes away from the center in one width direction. Can be formed.
- the refractive index increases continuously in one width direction W (ie, the refractive index increases in Figure 2C).
- the DLC film lv has a function as a concave lens (the large direction 111 is directed toward the outer periphery). [0033] As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C, the DLC film has one width direction from the center O of the film. W
- the refractive index is the width direction w
- the width is 1 in proportion to the square of the width (distance from the center of the film).
- this DLC film is the same as in Embodiment 1 except that the thickness of the gold mask is thick at the portion located on the center of the DLC film and thinned away from the center in one width direction. Can be formed.
- Another DLC film according to the present invention is a DLC film la whose refractive index continuously changes in the film thickness direction with reference to FIG. 5, and more specifically, the inner surface or the surface of the DLC film.
- the refractive index continuously increases in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to the main surface lh.
- the film thickness direction extends from the other main surface lg of the DLC film to one main surface lh.
- the refractive index increases continuously.
- This DLC film has an optical index that aligns the incident light in a direction parallel to the film thickness direction when the light is incident in a direction where the refractive index is continuously increased by increasing the refractive index continuously in the film thickness direction. It is expected to exhibit a function as an element.
- a DLC film whose refractive index increases continuously in the film thickness direction is shown in FIG. 5, for example, by applying a weak He ion beam 13 (acceleration voltage: lOOkeV) from one main surface lh side of the DLC film.
- a weak He ion beam 13 acceleration voltage: lOOkeV
- the dose of He ions is reduced in the thickness direction of the DLC film because the dose amount of He ions continuously decreases in the thickness direction on the surface Is perpendicular to the surface Is.
- a DLC film la whose refractive index continuously increases in the film thickness direction is formed from the vertical surface Is to the main surface 1 h.
- the hydrogen concentration in the DLC film in the film thickness direction is first measured by the SIMS method, and then the relationship between the hydrogen concentration in the DLC film and the refractive index is calculated. It was determined by
- Embodiments 6 to 10 Other DLC films according to the present invention will be described in more detail below as Embodiments 6 to 10. [0038] (Embodiment 6)
- the DLC film of this embodiment continuously increases the refraction in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh, and at least from the center of the film. It is a DLC film lc that functions as a convex lens by continuously reducing the film thickness in one width direction.
- a convex lens (cylindrical lens) having a focal line is obtained by continuously reducing the film thickness in one width direction from the center O of the film.
- a convex lens having a focal point can be obtained by continuously reducing the film thickness in the radial direction.
- a method for producing the present DLC film is, for example, as follows. First, referring to FIG. 6A, the DLC film la of Embodiment 5 (the refractive index continuously increases in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh). On one main surface lh of the DLC film), a resist pattern 21a is formed in which the portion on the center of the DLC film la is thick and becomes thinner as it is separated in an arbitrary width direction (radial direction).
- a resist is applied on the main surface lh of the DLC film la by a spin coater or the like and semi-cured, and then a silicon stamping die (not shown) whose surface is formed into a concave spherical shape by RIE is semi-cured.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- Etching is performed more.
- the DLC film lb is etched while the outer diameter of the resist pattern 21b is reduced, and referring to FIG. 6C, the refractive index in the film thickness direction extends from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh. Is continuously increased, the film thickness is continuously reduced from the center of the film in an arbitrary width direction (radial direction), and a DLC film lc having a function as a convex lens can be obtained.
- the ratio between the etching rate of resist pattern 21b and the etching rate of DLC film lb the film thickness difference between the center and the outer periphery of DLC film lc can be adjusted. wear.
- the refractive index is continuously increased in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh, and from the center of the film. It is a DLC film lc that functions as a concave lens by continuously increasing the film thickness in at least one width direction.
- a method for producing the present DLC film is, for example, as follows. First, referring to FIG. 7A, the refractive index continuously increases in the film thickness direction from the DLC film la of Embodiment 5 (from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh). On one main surface lh of the DLC film), a resist pattern 21d is formed in which a portion on the center of the DLC film la is thin and becomes thicker as it is separated in an arbitrary width direction (radial direction).
- a silicon stamping die (not shown) whose surface is formed into a convex spherical surface by RIE is semi-cured.
- the portion located on the center O of the DLC film la is thinned.
- the central pattern of the DLC film la becomes thicker as the distance from the radial direction increases. Is done.
- Etching is performed more.
- the DLC film le is etched while the inner diameter of the resist pattern 21e is enlarged, and referring to FIG. 7C, the refractive index increases in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh.
- a DLC film If that has a function as a concave lens can be obtained by continuously increasing the film thickness from the center of the film to any width direction (diameter direction). It is. Note that the film thickness difference between the center and the outer periphery of the DLC film If can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the etching rate of the resist pattern 21e and the etching rate of the DLC film le.
- the DLC film of this embodiment has a refractive index continuously increased in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh, and from the center of the film. It is a DLC film lq that functions as a convex lens by continuously lowering the refractive index in at least one width direction (that is, directing the refractive index increasing direction 111 in FIG. 8 to the center O of the film).
- a convex lens (cylindrical lens) having a focal line is obtained by continuously lowering the refractive index in one width direction from the center O of the film.
- a convex lens having a focal point can be obtained by continuously reducing the refractive index in the radial direction.
- the optical axis is made to coincide with the film thickness direction, and light is incident in the direction in which the refractive index continuously increases. Incident light is converted into parallel rays focused at the center of the optical axis, so that a convex lens with less aberration due to light collection can be obtained.
- a method for producing the present DLC film is, for example, as follows. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 8, first, a strong refractive index is introduced from the center O in the radial direction by injecting a strong He ion beam 12 (acceleration voltage: 800 keV) into a DLC film provided with a predetermined gold mask 11. As a result, the DLC film lp having a function as a convex lens is formed.
- the DLC film of this embodiment has a refractive index continuously increased in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh, and from the center of the film.
- the DLC film lw has a function as a concave lens by continuously increasing the refractive index in at least one width direction (that is, directing the refractive index increasing direction 111 in FIG. 9 to the outer periphery).
- a concave lens that diffuses light with a plane including a width direction orthogonal to one width direction as a symmetric surface by continuously increasing the refractive index in one width direction from the center O of the film.
- the center O force of the film is obtained.
- the optical axis is made to coincide with the film thickness direction, and light is incident in the direction in which the refractive index continuously increases. Since the incident light is converted into a light beam parallel to the optical axis, a concave lens with little aberration due to scattered light can be obtained.
- the method for producing the DLC film is, for example, as follows. 4 and 9, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 9, first, a strong refractive index is introduced into the DLC film provided with a predetermined gold mask 11 from the center O in the radial direction by injecting a He ion beam 12 (acceleration voltage: 800 keV). As a result, the DLC film lv having a function as a concave lens is formed.
- Still another DLC film according to the present invention has a refractive index that increases in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction to one main surface lh with reference to FIG.
- the band-shaped ring region includes a plurality of band-shaped ring regions, and the refractive index is relatively modulated so that the band-shaped ring zones function as a diffraction grating, and the width of the band-shaped ring region is far from the center of the concentric circles.
- the DLC film ly is narrowed as the ring region. Still other DLC films that are useful in the present invention will be described in more detail below as Embodiments 10 and 11.
- the DLC film of the present embodiment has a refractive index continuously increased in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh, and has a concentric circular shape.
- m ring zones each of which includes n band ring regions Rmn, and in each of the ring zones, the inner band ring region has a higher refractive index than the outer band ring region.
- the band-shaped ring regions corresponding to each other are the DLC films ly having a function as a convex lens by having the same refractive index.
- the band-shaped ring region Rmn by making the refractive index of the inner band-shaped ring region higher than the refractive index of the outer band-shaped ring region, a convex lens having a focal point can be obtained by the light diffraction action.
- the DLC film ly includes a plurality of concentric belt-shaped ring regions Rmn.
- the symbol Rmn represents the n-th band-shaped ring region in the m-th ring zone, and also represents the central force of the concentric circle and the radius to the outer periphery of the band-shaped ring region.
- the band-shaped ring regions Rmn have a reduced width as the concentric central force is further away.
- the adjacent band-shaped ring regions Rmn have different refractive indexes.
- the band-shaped ring region closer to the center of the region has a higher refractive index.
- the inner peripheral force is directed toward the outer peripheral side, and a four-stage refractive index change is formed. Then, it is repeated m times for each of the four rounds of refractive index change.
- the outer peripheral radius of the band-shaped ring region Rmn can be set according to the following equation (1) based on the diffraction theory including scalar approximation.
- L represents the diffraction level of the lens
- ⁇ represents the wavelength of light
- f represents the focal length of the lens.
- EB electron beam
- the DLC film 1 is irradiated with a strong He ion beam 12 (acceleration voltage: 80 OkeV) through the opening of the gold mask 11.
- a strong He ion beam 12 acceleration voltage: 80 OkeV
- the refractive index of the strip ring region Rml irradiated to the He ion beam 12 is increased to form a high refractive index region lj
- the strip ring region Rm2 masked with the He ion beam 12 is the original DLC film 1
- the low refractive index region lk is maintained. That is, a DLC film lx including a two-level diffraction region as shown in FIG. 11B is obtained.
- a mask layer is formed on each DLC film, but it is possible to irradiate the DLC film with a He ion beam using an independent mask prepared separately. Not to mention. It will also be understood that a multi-level diffractive lens can be formed by repeatedly irradiating a DLC film with a He ion beam using a mask with sequentially adjusted patterns.
- a gold mask on the DLC film is stamped using a stamping die including a concentric band-shaped ring region whose thickness is changed in multiple stages, and the He ion bead is passed through the stamped gold mask. It is also possible to produce multi-level diffraction films with a single He ion beam irradiation.
- a diffractive DLC film having a convex lens function having a focal point has been described, but it is understood that the present invention can be similarly applied to a diffractive DLC film having a convex lens function having a focal line. It will be done.
- a plurality of strip-shaped regions that are modulated by refractive index instead of a plurality of concentric strip-shaped ring regions that are modulated by refractive index, a plurality of strip-shaped regions that are parallel to each other that are modulated by refractive index may be formed.
- the plurality of band-shaped regions parallel to each other whose refractive indexes are modulated extend perpendicular to the paper surface of the figure.
- the gold mask 11 in FIG. 11B may also be extended perpendicular to the paper surface of the figure.
- a weak He ion beam 13 (acceleration voltage: lOOkeV) is perpendicular to the DLC film from one main surface lh side of the DLC film lx from which the gold mask 11 has been removed by etching.
- the dose amount of He ions is from the one main surface lh of the DLC film to the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction (the distance between the main surface lh and the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction is 1 m), the thickness decreases continuously in the film thickness direction, so from the surface 1 s perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film
- the refractive index continuously increases in the film thickness direction over the main surface lh.
- a plurality of band-shaped ring regions in which the refractive index of the inner band-shaped ring region is higher than the refractive index of the outer band-shaped ring region have a function as a convex lens, and the refractive index is continuously increased in the film thickness direction.
- the DLC film of the present embodiment has a refractive index continuously increased in the film thickness direction from the surface Is perpendicular to the film thickness direction of the DLC film to one main surface lh, and has a concentric circular shape.
- m ring zones each of which includes n band ring regions Rmn, and in each of the ring zones, the inner band ring region has a lower refractive index than the outer band ring region.
- the band-shaped ring regions corresponding to each other in each of the ring zones are DLC films having a function as a concave lens by having the same refractive index.
- the refractive index of the inner band-shaped ring region lower than the refractive index of the outer band-shaped ring region in the band-shaped ring region Rmn, the light is diffused with the center O-axis of the film as the center by the diffraction effect of light. A concave lens is obtained.
- the optical axis is made to coincide with the film thickness direction, and light is incident in a direction in which the refractive index continuously increases. Since the incident light is converted into a light beam parallel to the optical axis, a concave lens with less aberration due to light collection can be obtained.
- this DLC film is formed in the same manner as in Embodiment 10 except that the refractive index of the inner band-shaped ring region is lower than the refractive index of the outer band-shaped ring region for each band-shaped ring. can do.
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EP05765508A EP1785749A4 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2005-07-06 | DLC FILM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
US11/660,036 US7466491B2 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2005-07-06 | DLC film and method for forming the same |
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JP2004252705A JP2006071787A (ja) | 2004-08-31 | 2004-08-31 | Dlc膜およびその形成方法 |
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EP (1) | EP1785749A4 (ja) |
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KR (1) | KR20070048216A (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2006025152A1 (ja) |
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KR102167215B1 (ko) * | 2018-01-03 | 2020-10-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 광학 필름 |
TWI732186B (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-07-01 | 聚積科技股份有限公司 | 屏下式感測顯示裝置 |
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JPS57114101A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1982-07-15 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Graded lens plus combined lens using said lens and optical transmission line |
JPS57120901A (en) * | 1981-01-20 | 1982-07-28 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Refractive index distributed type lens |
JPS5954631A (ja) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-29 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 軸方向屈折率分布型レンズの製造方法 |
JPS61240201A (ja) * | 1985-04-17 | 1986-10-25 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | フレネルレンズ |
JPS62133403A (ja) * | 1985-12-05 | 1987-06-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | ホログラムレンズ |
JPH10142411A (ja) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-05-29 | Canon Inc | 回折光学素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2004163892A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-10 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 回折光学素子とその形成方法 |
JP2004198454A (ja) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-07-15 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 端部に回折光学膜を有する光ファイバとその製造方法 |
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JPS6010604B2 (ja) | 1978-02-15 | 1985-03-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 屈折率分布型レンズ |
JPH0675105A (ja) * | 1992-08-25 | 1994-03-18 | Nitto Denko Corp | レンズアレイ板及びその製造方法 |
JP2001159702A (ja) | 1999-12-01 | 2001-06-12 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 屈折率分布型レンズ |
JP2001281417A (ja) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 屈折率分布レンズ、レンズアレイ、及び光デバイス |
KR20050053522A (ko) * | 2002-09-19 | 2005-06-08 | 스미토모 덴키 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 회절 광학 소자와 그 형성 방법 |
JP2005202356A (ja) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 平板型マイクロレンズとその製造方法 |
JP2005326666A (ja) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-11-24 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 屈折率変調型回折光学素子とそれを含むプロジェクタ |
-
2004
- 2004-08-31 JP JP2004252705A patent/JP2006071787A/ja active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-07-06 US US11/660,036 patent/US7466491B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-06 WO PCT/JP2005/012446 patent/WO2006025152A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-07-06 KR KR1020077004793A patent/KR20070048216A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-07-06 CN CNA2005800291561A patent/CN101010604A/zh active Pending
- 2005-07-06 EP EP05765508A patent/EP1785749A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-13 TW TW094123760A patent/TW200608048A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS57114101A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1982-07-15 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Graded lens plus combined lens using said lens and optical transmission line |
JPS57120901A (en) * | 1981-01-20 | 1982-07-28 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Refractive index distributed type lens |
JPS5954631A (ja) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-29 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 軸方向屈折率分布型レンズの製造方法 |
JPS61240201A (ja) * | 1985-04-17 | 1986-10-25 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | フレネルレンズ |
JPS62133403A (ja) * | 1985-12-05 | 1987-06-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | ホログラムレンズ |
JPH10142411A (ja) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-05-29 | Canon Inc | 回折光学素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2004163892A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-10 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 回折光学素子とその形成方法 |
JP2004198454A (ja) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-07-15 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 端部に回折光学膜を有する光ファイバとその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1785749A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2006071787A (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
TW200608048A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
US20070242364A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
EP1785749A4 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
CN101010604A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
KR20070048216A (ko) | 2007-05-08 |
EP1785749A1 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
US7466491B2 (en) | 2008-12-16 |
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