WO2006022417A1 - セメント組成物及び舗装構造 - Google Patents
セメント組成物及び舗装構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006022417A1 WO2006022417A1 PCT/JP2005/015825 JP2005015825W WO2006022417A1 WO 2006022417 A1 WO2006022417 A1 WO 2006022417A1 JP 2005015825 W JP2005015825 W JP 2005015825W WO 2006022417 A1 WO2006022417 A1 WO 2006022417A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- cement
- mass
- cement composition
- amount
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/60—Flooring materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cement composition for forming a pavement structure and the like used on a sidewalk, a roadway, a parking lot, a garden, a rooftop of a building, and the like.
- the present invention relates to a cement field composition for forming a water-retaining pavement structure capable of suppressing a significant increase in surface temperature due to direct sunlight.
- water-retaining concrete solidified characterized in that it contains a lightweight aggregate (eg, water slag) having fine continuous voids, and the fine continuous voids of the lightweight aggregate communicate with the surface of the concrete solidified body.
- a lightweight aggregate eg, water slag
- Japanese Patent No. 2 0 0 1— 1 5 8 6 7 6.
- the water poured from above the concrete solidified body penetrates into the fine continuous voids inside the aggregate through the through holes communicating with the outer surface of the concrete solidified body, Since the water retained in the continuous voids gradually evaporates while taking away the surrounding heat, it is expected to prevent the temperature from rising significantly in the summer.
- a water-retaining block containing cement, aggregate, water, and water-retaining material comprising autoclaved aerated concrete (ALC) granules, pearlite granules, rock wool powder
- a water retention block containing at least one kind selected from granules has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2 0 3 0-2 5 2 6 7 3).
- This water-retaining block can be manufactured easily and quickly, and can effectively suppress the remarkable rise in surface temperature in summer, as found in ordinary concrete pavement.
- the present invention can effectively suppress a significant increase in the surface temperature of a pavement structure in the summer, and does not require a special material, and can be manufactured easily and quickly. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-retaining pavement structure that can be formed, and a cement composition for forming the water-retaining pavement structure.
- the present inventor has used a general-purpose material such as cement, fine aggregate, and water at a specific blending amount, and has a paved structure made of a cured cement composition. Fine continuous voids can be formed from the surface to the interior, and as a result, rainwater can be sufficiently retained during rainfall, effectively suppressing a significant increase in the surface temperature of the pavement structure in summer. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides the following [1] to [9].
- a cement composition characterized by containing a cement of 500 kg Zm 3 or less, an aggregate having a fine aggregate ratio of 80% or more, and water having a water cement ratio of 55% by mass or less. .
- the blending amount of the cement is 300 to 500 kg / m3, the water cement ratio is 20 to 35 mass ° / 0 , and the blending amount of the fine aggregate is The cement composition according to [1], which is 300 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cement.
- the blending amount of the cement is 150 to 300 kg, the water cement ratio is 35 to 55% by mass, and the blending amount of fine aggregate is cement 1
- the cement composition according to [1] which is 500 to 1,000 parts by mass with respect to 0 parts by mass.
- a block comprising a hardened body of the cement composition according to any one of [1] to [6].
- a pavement structure including a plurality of pavement blocks and a joint portion interposed between the pavement blocks, wherein the pavement block is a block according to the above [7].
- the cement composition of the present invention can be used as a surface forming member for pavement structures such as sidewalks, or as an on-site material for pavement structures such as sidewalks. Can be effectively suppressed.
- the plocked portion or the spot cast portion of the pavement structure made of the cement composition of the present invention absorbs water from the side surface (boundary surface with the joint portion) and the lower surface in addition to the upper surface by capillarity and retains the water. Even if the rainfall is small, the amount of water retained is large, and when the weather becomes clear after rain or rain, the rise in the surface temperature of the pavement structure is effectively suppressed, contributing to the mitigation of the heat island phenomenon. be able to.
- the plocked portion or the spot-casting portion of the pavement structure made of the cement composition of the present invention does not require special materials other than mortar or concrete general-purpose materials, and can be easily and quickly manufactured. Therefore, it is more useful than conventional products.
- the block made of the cement composition of the present invention has the general advantage of being a block, that is, it is of high quality because it is manufactured in a factory, and can be applied easily and quickly. Has features such as being able to open traffic in a short time after laying, having a good landscape and being easily repaired.
- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a pavement structure including a block made of the cement composition of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a test of water absorption performance of the block.
- Fig. 3 is a graph showing the change over time of the water uptake rate in the block, and
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the fine aggregate rate and the amount of water retained in Plock. .
- the cement composition of the present invention includes cement, aggregate, and water as essential materials, and includes a water reducing agent and an admixture as optional materials to be blended as necessary.
- Examples of the cement used in the present invention include various portland cements such as ordinary portland cement and early-strength portland cement, various mixed cements such as blast furnace cement and fly ash cement, and ecocement.
- the amount of cement, the mass per unit volume of the block of the present invention 5 ⁇ OO kg / m 3 or less, preferably 1 5 0 ⁇ 5 0 0 kg / m 3.
- the blending amount exceeds 500 kg Z m 3 , the amount of cement paste as a binder between the aggregates in the cement composition of the present invention increases, and the space between the aggregates increases. This is not preferable because the minute continuous voids are blocked and the amount of water absorption (or water retention) due to capillary action is reduced.
- Examples of the fine aggregate include river sand, land sand, sea sand, crushed sand, or a mixture of two or more of these.
- porous particles such as autoclaved aerated concrete (ALC) particles and pearlite particles may be used as a part of the fine aggregate. If porous particles are used, water retention can be further improved.
- the content of the porous particles in the fine aggregate is preferably 20% by mass. Below, more preferably 15% by mass or less.
- Examples of the coarse aggregate include river gravel, mountain gravel, sea gravel, crushed stone, or a mixture of two or more of these.
- the fine aggregate ratio (volume ratio of fine aggregate to the total amount of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate) is 80% or more, preferably 85% or more.
- the fine aggregate ratio is less than 80%, the water retention amount of the hardened body of the cement composition of the present invention becomes small, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently suppress the increase in the surface temperature of the pavement structure due to sunlight in summer.
- the amount of the fine aggregate is preferably 300 to 1,000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. If the amount is less than 300 parts by mass, fine continuous voids are not formed in the cured product of the cement composition of the present invention, and the water retention amount tends to be small. When the amount exceeds 1,000 parts by mass, the amount of paste for bonding fine aggregates becomes insufficient, and the mechanical strength of the hardened body of the cement composition tends to decrease.
- the amount of water is in the water-cement ratio (mass ratio of water-cement), 5 5 mass 0/0 or less, preferably 2 0-5 5 wt ° / 0. If the amount exceeds 55% by mass, the fluidity of the cement paste is increased, the fine continuous spaces in the hardened body of the cement composition are blocked, and the water retention amount is reduced, which is not preferable.
- water reducing agents used in the present invention include lignin-based, naphthalene sulfonic acid-based, melamine-based, polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agents, AE water reducing agents, high-performance water reducing agents, and high-performance AE water reducing agents. Of these, high-performance water reducing agents and high-performance water reducing agents are preferably used because of their great water-reducing effects.
- the blending amount of the water reducing agent (in terms of solid content) is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 2.0 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of cement.
- the admixture is the above-mentioned material (cement, aggregate, water, reduced water). It is a generic term for all materials except for the agent.
- admixtures examples include cement admixtures such as blast furnace slag powder, fly ash, silica fume, limestone powder, and quartzite powder, water retention materials such as rock wool granules, and various pigments. .
- the content of the admixture is preferably 0 to 20% by mass / 0 , more preferably 0 to 15% by mass with respect to the cement content (100% by mass).
- the amount exceeds 20% by mass, the strength of the paste that bonds the fine aggregates decreases, and the mechanical strength of the hardened body of the cement composition may decrease.
- water retention can be improved in the same manner as the above porous particles by mixing plant fibers such as hemp and chemical fibers such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and vinylidene.
- plant fibers such as hemp
- chemical fibers such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and vinylidene.
- the preferred content of plant fiber and Z or chemical fiber is 0 to 30 kg / m 3 in terms of mass per unit volume of the cement composition of the present invention.
- Water reducing agent 0.5 to 2.0 parts by mass in terms of solid content per 100 parts by mass of cement
- the preferred numerical range of the water cement ratio and the amount of fine and aggregate added varies depending on the amount of cement added per unit volume of the cement composition. Specifically:
- the water-cement ratio is preferably 20 to 35% by mass, more preferably 22 to 3 2% by weight.
- the amount of fine aggregate blended is preferably 300 to 800 parts by weight, more preferably 3500 to 75 parts by weight, particularly preferably 100 parts by weight of cement.
- Water-cement ratio is preferably 3 5-5 5 mass 0/0, more preferably 3 7 -
- the amount of fine aggregate blended is preferably 500 to 1,000 parts by weight, more preferably 5500 to 95 parts by weight, particularly preferably 100 parts by weight of cement. Is 600 to 900 parts by mass.
- the cement composition of the present invention can be obtained.
- examples of the concrete mixing mixer include a pan-type mixer, a biaxial mixer, an omni mixer, and a Einrich mixer.
- the method of kneading the material is not particularly limited. For example, all the materials may be added all together and kneaded, or after materials other than water and a water reducing agent are added and kneaded. Water and a water reducing agent may be added and kneaded.
- the water absorption performance at the time of hardening of the cement composition was determined using a specimen that was made of the same material as the cement composition and was in an absolute dry state with a length of 20 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a thickness of 6 cm. , when immersed by a depth of 5 mm in water, water 8 0 wt% or more of water absorption when immersed for 24 hours the whole ⁇ specimen in water (preferably 9 0 mass. / 0 or more) It should be able to absorb water within 5 minutes.
- Examples of the structure of a block made of the cement composition of the present invention include: (a) bone A single-layer block formed from a single cement-based hardened body using a kneaded product containing only fine aggregate as an aggregate, and (b) a kneaded product containing fine aggregate and coarse aggregate as aggregate. And a two-layer block in which a surface layer portion is formed using a kneaded material containing only a fine aggregate as an aggregate.
- the ratio of the thickness of the surface layer to the thickness of the block is not particularly limited.
- a layer containing the upper surface of the block (the surface that becomes the road surface of the pavement structure) is formed using a kneaded material containing only fine aggregate as aggregate, as in the blocks (a) and (b) above, The scenery is improved.
- the block is preferably formed only from the cement composition of the present invention.
- both the base layer portion and the surface layer portion are preferably formed of the cement composition of the present invention.
- the method of forming the block is not particularly limited. For example, after the kneaded material is put into a predetermined mold, it is pressed and compacted while applying external vibration as necessary, and immediately demolded. Etc. can be adopted.
- the curing method may be any method used in the production of concrete secondary products, and examples thereof include steam curing and wet air curing.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a pavement structure including a block made of the cement composition of the present invention.
- the pavement structure 1 is composed of a block layer 2, a cushion layer 5, a roadbed 6, and a roadbed 7.
- the block layer 2 is composed of a block 3 made of a cured product of the cement composition of the present invention and a joint portion 4 interposed between the blocks 3.
- joint 4 is usually formed by filling joint sand (for example, No. 5 silica sand).
- joint part 4 has good meshing between blocks 3 At the same time, it is provided to secure a certain joint width and prevent corner block of Plock 3.
- the cushion layer 5 is usually formed by filling cushion sand (for example, land sand).
- the roadbed 6 is composed mainly of meteorites such as crusher orchids.
- Below the roadbed 6 is a roadbed 7 made of conventional soil such as Kanto Loam.
- a surface layer formed by placing the cement composition of the present invention in place may be formed.
- Coarse aggregate A mixture of crushed No. 6 and No. 7 crushed stones in a volume ratio of 1: 1 (Dry surface density: 2.6 5 g / cm Iwase-cho, Nishi-Ibaraki-gun, Ibaraki) Hard sandstone crushed stone)
- Water reducing agent Polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance water reducing agent (trade name: N P 55, manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd.)
- the materials shown in Table 1 were put into a 50-liter pan-type mixer and kneaded for 180 seconds to obtain two types of kneaded materials for the surface layer and the base layer. These kneaded materials are put into a simple quick demolding machine in the order of the kneaded material for the base layer and the kneaded material for the surface layer. After press molding, air curing is performed at 20 ° C for 14 days. Interlocking blocks with a two-layer structure (length 20 cm x width l O c mX thickness 6 cm, Surface layer thickness: 6 mm, base layer thickness: 54 mm).
- a single layer interlocking block (length 20 cm ⁇ width 10 cm ⁇ thickness 6 cm) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the materials shown in Table 1 were used.
- An ordinary interlocking block (length 20 cm x width l O cm x thickness 6 cm; commercially available) was prepared.
- Permeable ⁇ interlocking blocks (length 20 cm x width 10 cm x thickness 6 cm; commercial products_) were prepared.
- a water-retaining block (length 20 c 111 width 10 cm x thickness 6 cm) containing a water-retaining material composed of granules of autoclaved aerated concrete (ALC) was produced.
- Each of the above materials is kneaded for 3 minutes using a biaxial forced kneading mixer, then put into a predetermined mold, and immediately demolded and compacted, and a water retaining interlocking block (length 20 c) mX width 10 c mX thickness 6 cm) was obtained.
- the water retention amount is given by the following formula:
- Water retention amount (g / cm 3 ) (wet mass—dry mass) Determined from the volume of the Z block.
- wet mass refers to the mass of a block measured after immersing in a constant temperature water bath at 20 ° C. for 24 hours and then gently wiping the surrounding water droplets with a waste cloth.
- “Dry mass” means the mass of the block after drying for 24 hours in a constant temperature bath at 60 ° C.
- the bending strength was measured according to “JI S A 5 3 7 1”.
- the slip resistance value was measured according to “AS TM E 3 0 3”. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 With respect to Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the effect of suppressing the rise in the surface temperature of the pavement structure due to summer S light was evaluated.
- the evaluation method is as follows.
- Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are each composed of a plurality of blocks and joint sand (No. 5 silica sand) interposed between these blocks in the l mX lm region (1 m 2 ).
- Block layer consisting of joints (joint width: 2 mm), cushion layer (thickness: 3 cm) consisting of cushion sand (land sand) formed below the block layer, and below the cushion layer
- a pavement structure consisting of a roadbed (thickness: 10 cm) consisting of a formed crusher orchid (C 1 30; particle size 30 mm or less) and a roadbed (existing soil) located below the roadbed (See Fig. 1).
- the outer periphery of the pavement structure was enclosed with a foamed insulation (thickness: 100 mm).
- the laying pattern of the blocks was unified with the stretched bond pattern.
- Comparative Example 4 a dense asphalt pavement was formed by an ordinary method in an area of 1 m ⁇ 1 m (1 m 2 ).
- Example 2 has a greater effect of suppressing the rise in surface temperature than Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- each of the above-mentioned blocks (Example 2, Comparative Examples 1 to 3) was dried for 24 hours or more using a dryer (temperature: 40 ° C.) to obtain an absolutely dry state.
- an installation base 13 was placed in the container 15, and a sponge mat (thickness: 5 mm) 12 was placed on the upper surface of the installation base 13.
- a sponge mat thickness: 5 mm
- water was supplied into the container 15, and the lower end of the block 11 was set to 0.5 cm. It was immersed in water for the depth of.
- the maximum water absorption mass that block 11 can hold is measured by immersing the entire block 11 in a constant-temperature water bath at 20 ° C for 24 hours, and then wiping the surrounding water drops with a waste cloth Obtained.
- the water absorption rate (%) by the block can be obtained from the following equation.
- Example 2 First, in the block of Example 2 described above, a part of the fine aggregate was replaced with coarse aggregate (the one used in Example 1), and the fine aggregate ratio was 50%, 60%, 70% 80%, 90%, and 100% were prepared. For each block, the water retention amount was determined in the same manner as described above.
- Fig. 4 As shown in Fig. 4, when the fine aggregate rate is 50-70%, the water retention is 0.10 gZ cm 3 or less, while the fine aggregate rate is 80-: L 00%. in the case of, Ru mosquitoes force that the water retention capacity is more than 0. 1 5 g / cm 3.
- the above-mentioned fine aggregate rate is 50%, 60. 70%, 80%, 90%, 1 0 for each proc is 0%, 1 3
- Other Total rainfall was rainfall condition of about 1 2 m m in about 1 hour prior to the above-mentioned measurement date
- the surface temperature was also measured for the pavement structure of dense-grained Alfalt (Comparative Example 4). The temperature at the time of measurement was 33.5 ° C.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-247241 | 2004-08-26 | ||
JP2004247241 | 2004-08-26 | ||
JP2005-144412 | 2005-05-17 | ||
JP2005144412 | 2005-05-17 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006022417A1 true WO2006022417A1 (ja) | 2006-03-02 |
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PCT/JP2005/015825 WO2006022417A1 (ja) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-24 | セメント組成物及び舗装構造 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103123654A (zh) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-05-29 | 南京道润交通科技有限公司 | 路面结构数据查询方法和系统 |
CN103268359A (zh) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-28 | 周岚 | 高速公路沥青路面横向裂缝信息查询方法和系统 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05246750A (ja) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-24 | Tsuneaki Nakano | 目地材 |
JP2003119065A (ja) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-23 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | コンクリートブロック |
JP2003239210A (ja) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-27 | Takachiho:Kk | 舗装仕上材原料、舗装仕上材の製造方法および舗装仕上方法 |
JP2003252673A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-10 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | 保水性ブロック |
JP2004285608A (ja) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-10-14 | Jfe Engineering Kk | 舗装用ブロック及びその製造方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-08-24 WO PCT/JP2005/015825 patent/WO2006022417A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05246750A (ja) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-24 | Tsuneaki Nakano | 目地材 |
JP2003119065A (ja) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-23 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | コンクリートブロック |
JP2003239210A (ja) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-27 | Takachiho:Kk | 舗装仕上材原料、舗装仕上材の製造方法および舗装仕上方法 |
JP2003252673A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-10 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | 保水性ブロック |
JP2004285608A (ja) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-10-14 | Jfe Engineering Kk | 舗装用ブロック及びその製造方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103123654A (zh) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-05-29 | 南京道润交通科技有限公司 | 路面结构数据查询方法和系统 |
CN103268359A (zh) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-28 | 周岚 | 高速公路沥青路面横向裂缝信息查询方法和系统 |
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