WO2005113806A1 - ブドウ膜炎を診断する方法 - Google Patents
ブドウ膜炎を診断する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005113806A1 WO2005113806A1 PCT/JP2005/008950 JP2005008950W WO2005113806A1 WO 2005113806 A1 WO2005113806 A1 WO 2005113806A1 JP 2005008950 W JP2005008950 W JP 2005008950W WO 2005113806 A1 WO2005113806 A1 WO 2005113806A1
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- uveitis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/564—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for pre-existing immune complex or autoimmune disease, i.e. systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid factors or complement components C1-C9
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6863—Cytokines, i.e. immune system proteins modifying a biological response such as cell growth proliferation or differentiation, e.g. TNF, CNF, GM-CSF, lymphotoxin, MIF or their receptors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2500/00—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing uveitis, a nucleic acid therefor, a carrier having the nucleic acid immobilized thereon, and a method for screening a compound for preventing or treating uveitis.
- Uveitis an ocular disease, causes inflammation of the uveal tissue in the eyeball, causing inflammatory cells and exudates such as leukocytes and lymphocytes to appear in the vitreous, causing symptoms such as flying mosquitoes. It is a disease that develops and causes cataracts and glaucoma.
- the causes of uveitis are many and varied, and it is difficult to provide appropriate treatment methods that are difficult to diagnose due to various factors such as viruses and bacteria.
- Ophthalmological examinations include, for example, the usual visual acuity tests' Intraocular pressure tests' Slit lamp tests' Fundus examinations', or in patients with retinal vasculitis, a fluorescent fundus contrast test 'OCT Equipment) Inspections are being conducted.
- a whole-body examination for example, chest / lumbar X-ray photography, electrocardiogram, tuberculin reaction, etc., and if necessary, cerebrospinal fluid examination, etc. are also performed.
- These tests measure peripheral blood leukocyte count, inflammatory response (CRP, ESR), autoantibody titer, presence or absence of infectious disease (specific antibody titer), and so on.
- CRP inflammatory response
- ESR inflammatory response
- autoantibody titer presence or absence of infectious disease (specific antibody titer)
- the present invention aims to provide a method for diagnosing uveitis at a low cost and speedy means.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have found that The present inventors have found that the amount of nucleic acid encoding a specific chemokine receptor is increased in a conventional sample and that uveitis can be diagnosed by detecting the nucleic acid, thereby completing the present invention. .
- the present invention includes the following inventions.
- a method for diagnosing uveitis in an individual comprising measuring at least one gene expression level of a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 in a sample derived from the individual.
- the diagnostic method comprising:
- the gene expression level of a chemokine receptor is measured by measuring at least one mRNA encoding a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1, and CXCR4 as described in (1). the method of.
- the carrier is a solid support having a functional group capable of covalently binding to a nucleic acid on a substrate, and at least one surface layer selected from diamond, soft diamond, carbon-based materials, and carbides; (8) A carrier according to item 1.
- (10) A group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 in the presence and absence of the test compound.Uveitis by comparing the gene expression levels of at least one selected chemokine receptor. A method for screening a compound that prevents or treats cancer.
- FIG. 1 shows spotting positions of each chemokine receptor on a solid support in Examples 1 and 2.
- Figure 2 shows the results obtained by labeling cDNAs derived from the blood of healthy subjects and uveitis patients, hybridizing them with the probe nucleic acids immobilized on a solid support, and taking images with a fluorescence scanner. is there.
- a chemokine means a low-molecular protein having chemotactic activity on leukocytes.
- Chemokines are structurally similar, with four conserved cysteines. Of these cysteines, they are classified into four subfamilies, CC chemokines, CXC chemokines, CXC chemokines, and C chemokines, based on the positional relationship of the two N-terminal residues.
- Chemokine receptors are seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors. Depending on the subfamily of chemokines that specifically bind to them, CC chemokines, CXC chemokines, CXC chemokines, CXs Classified as chemokine receptors.
- the present inventors have found that, in a sample derived from an individual suffering from uveitis, among the above chemoforce receptors, four types of chemokines CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 are used. It was found that the gene expression level of the receptor was significantly increased in comparison with an individual suffering from uveitis.
- Uvea refers to the choroid, pigment, or middle layer of the eyeball and consists of the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. Uveitis refers to a condition in which these are in an inflammatory state.
- the present invention provides a method for diagnosing uveitis in an individual, comprising: (a) in a sample derived from the individual, a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1, and CXCR4; At least one gene expression level is measured. (B) The gene expression level of the chemokine receptor measured in (a) is compared with the standard gene expression level of the corresponding chemokine receptor, and the standard gene expression level is determined. The decrease or increase in the expression level of the chemoforce-in receptor gene of said individual as compared to that of said individual indicates the presence of uveitis.
- the individual to be diagnosed is not particularly limited as long as it is an animal expressing a chemokine receptor, and is a mammal, particularly a human.
- the expression level of a chemokine receptor gene is measured directly (for example, by detecting an absolute protein level or mRNA level) or relatively (for example, by detecting a chemokine receptor protein level or mRNA level). Means in the first sample qualitatively or quantitatively measuring the level of the chemokine receptor protein or the level of the mRNA encoding the chemokine receptor in the first sample (by comparing with the second sample).
- a chemokine receptor protein level or mRNA level in the first sample is measured, and a second sample derived from the individual who is also afflicted with uveitis, a force that is also obtained, or uveitis When compared to a standard chemokine receptor protein level or mRNA level determined by averaging the levels from a population of individuals. Once the standard chemokine receptor protein or mRNA levels are known, they can be used repeatedly as a standard for comparison.
- the above-mentioned chem in an individual afflicted with uveitis compared to a standard gene expression level The decrease or increase in the expression level of the force-in receptor gene is different for each chemokine receptor. That is, for CCR4, when its expression level in an individual is reduced compared to the standard gene expression level, for CXCR1, when its expression level in the individual is increased compared to the standard gene expression level, For CX3CR1, when its expression level in the individual is reduced compared to the standard gene expression level, for CXCR4, when its expression level in the individual is reduced compared to the standard gene expression level In addition, the individual can be diagnosed as having uveitis.
- Measuring at least one gene expression level of a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 means that one of the four chemokine receptors CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 This means measuring the gene expression levels of the species, preferably two, more preferably three, and most preferably four.
- the sample of the individual to be detected is not particularly limited as long as it is a sample that can express a chemokine receptor.
- a body fluid such as blood, and leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, activated T Cells, dendritic cells, eosinophils, NK cells, basophils, Th2 cells, Tel cells, Tc2 cells, mature dendritic cells, naive T cells, neutrophils, etc. It is preferred to use
- nucleic acid quantification methods known in the art, for example, nucleic acid amplification (eg, PCR, RT-PCR), RNase It can be measured by Ze protection, Northern blotting, or other hybridization methods.
- Northern 'blot analysis is described by Harada et al., Cell,
- S1 mapping can be performed as described in Fujita et al., Cell, 49: 357-367 (1987).
- At least one probe nucleic acid that specifically hybridizes with a nucleic acid encoding any one of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 is provided on a carrier.
- a carrier By immobilizing the probe nucleic acid and contacting the probe nucleic acid with the sample cDNA obtained by reverse transcription of the mRNA derived from the individual, and detecting the sample cDNA that hybridizes with the probe nucleic acid. The corresponding chemocha The level of mRNA encoding the in receptor is measured.
- the sample cDNA can be prepared by a method known in the art. For example, total RNA isolated from a sample is added to a reaction mixture containing an RT primer and an appropriate buffer. After incubation for primer annealing, additional RT buffer, dNTP, DTT, RNase inhibitor and reverse transcriptase are added. After incubation to complete the reverse transcription of the RNA, the RT product is subjected to a PCR reaction using a labeled primer. Alternatively, labeled primer dNTP may be incubated in the PCR reaction mixture without labeling the primer. PCR amplification can be performed in a DNA thermal cycle according to conventional techniques.
- the label is not particularly limited as long as it can be incorporated into the nucleic acid.
- Examples of the label include fluorescent labels (CyDye such as Cy3 and Cy5, FITC, RITC, rhodamine, texathread, TET, TAMRA, FAM , HEX, ROX, etc.) and radioactive labels ( ⁇ -32P, y-32P, 35S, etc.).
- This sample cDNA is prepared as a spotting solution by dissolving it in a spotting buffer so that the concentration is usually from 0.002 to 50 ⁇ M, preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 ⁇ M.
- This spotting solution is dropped onto the carrier on which the probe DNA prepared above is immobilized, and incubation is carried out to form a hybrid.
- High Priestess head formation method a publicly known method, for example, Molecular Cloning 2 nd (J. Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1989) can be carried out ⁇ Tsu like the method described in .
- the incubation is carried out usually at 25 to 95 ° C, preferably 40 to 65 ° C, usually for 0.01 to: 00 hours, preferably for 1 to 16 hours. Also in the hybridization step, it is preferable to carry out the incubation in a high humidity atmosphere. Finally, after the carrier is washed and dried, hybridization can be detected by reading the label derived from the nucleic acid that has formed the hybrid.
- the present invention also provides a nucleic acid specifically hybridizing to any one of nucleic acids encoding a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 for diagnosing uveitis. And a reagent comprising: Such nucleic acids are It is useful as a probe nucleic acid for diagnosing meningitis, for example, a probe nucleic acid for measuring a gene expression level based on the above mRNA level.
- a nucleic acid that specifically hybridizes with any one of nucleic acids encoding a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 is referred to as a probe nucleic acid.
- the term "specifically hybridizes” means that it hybridizes with a nucleic acid encoding a chemokine receptor under stringent hybridization conditions.
- the stringent hybridization conditions are, for example, conditions in which the sodium concentration is 19 to 40 mM, preferably 19 to 20 mM, and the temperature is 50 to 70 ° C, preferably 60 to 65 ° C. In particular, the case where the sodium concentration is 19 mM and the temperature is 65 ° C. is most preferable.
- the probe nucleic acid of the present invention includes at least a part of a base sequence complementary to a nucleic acid encoding any one of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4, at least 15 base length, preferably 15 to : LOO base length nucleic acids. At least a portion refers to at least 15 bases, more preferably at least 20 bases, and most preferably, a nucleic acid having a base sequence complementary to a nucleic acid encoding any one of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1, and CXCR4. It means a nucleic acid portion having a continuous base sequence of 30 to 70 bases in length.
- the nucleic acid encoding any one of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 includes both DNA and RNA, and is preferably cDNA.
- the probe nucleic acid also contains both DNA and RNA, preferably DNA.
- the probe nucleic acid of the present invention comprises at least 70% or more of the probe nucleic acid containing at least a part of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleic acid encoding one of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1, and CXCR4. It consists of a nucleotide sequence having a homology of preferably about 80% or more, more preferably about 90% or more, and most preferably about 95% or more, and corresponds to a corresponding one of nucleic acids encoding CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4. Nucleic acids that specifically hybridize to nucleic acids are also included.
- the nucleic acid specifically hybridizing with the nucleic acid encoding CCR4 for diagnosing uveitis is preferably the following DNA (a) or (b):
- (b) contains at least a portion of the DNA of (a) and specifically hybridizes to a nucleic acid encoding CCR4; Soy DNA.
- the nucleic acid specifically hybridizing with the nucleic acid encoding CXCR1 for diagnosing uveitis is preferably the following DNA (a) or (b):
- the nucleic acid that specifically and specifically hybridizes with the nucleic acid encoding CX3CR1 for diagnosing uveitis is preferably the following DNA (a) or (b):
- the nucleic acid specifically hybridizing with the nucleic acid encoding CXCR4 for diagnosing uveitis is preferably the following DNA (a) or (b):
- At least a part is at least 15 nucleotides in length, more preferably at least 20 nucleotides in the nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 6, 12, 15 and 17, respectively. It means a nucleic acid portion consisting of a continuous base sequence having a base length, even more preferably at least 30 base lengths, most preferably 30 to 60 base lengths.
- the DNA of (b) is usually a DNA having a length of 5 to 1000 bases, preferably 10 to 100 bases, and most preferably 30 to 70 bases.
- the present invention also includes at least one probe nucleic acid that specifically hybridizes with any one of nucleic acids encoding a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4.
- the present invention relates to a carrier on which a nucleic acid of at least one species is immobilized.
- the nucleic acid-immobilized carrier is useful for measuring the chemokine receptor gene expression level in a sample derived from an individual in the method for diagnosing uveitis of the present invention.
- the term "comprising at least one kind of the probe nucleic acid specifically hybridizing with one kind of nucleic acid encoding a chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4" means that four kinds of chemokines One, preferably two, more preferably three, and most preferably four of the four probe nucleic acids that specifically hybridize to the nucleic acid encoding any one of the receptors CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1, and CXCR4 Includes seeds.
- nucleic acids other than these four types of probe nucleic acids may be further immobilized.However, the total number of nucleic acids immobilized on the carrier due to cost reasons is 200 or less, Preferably 100 or less.
- the probe nucleic acid immobilized on the carrier of the present invention is preferably DNA.
- the immobilization of the probe nucleic acid on the carrier can be performed by a method known in the art.
- probe nucleic acid DNA or PCR products DNA fragments obtained by amplifying cDNA by PCR
- these can be immobilized on a polycation (polylysine) using the spotter device provided in the DNA chip preparation device. (Polyethyleneimine, etc.), and a method of spotting the carrier on the surface of the carrier and electrostatically bonding the carrier to the carrier using the charge of the DNA is generally used.
- a method for treating the surface of the carrier a method using a silane coupling agent having an amino group, an aldehyde group, an epoxy group, or the like is also used. In this case, amino groups, aldehyde groups, and the like are introduced to the carrier surface by covalent bonds, and therefore, are stably present on the carrier surface as compared with the case of using polycations.
- the probe nucleic acid to be immobilized is a synthetic oligonucleotide
- an oligonucleotide having a reactive group introduced therein can be synthesized, and the oligonucleotide can be spotted on the surface-treated carrier surface and covalently bonded.
- PDC p-phenylenediisothiocyanate
- a carrier for immobilizing the probe nucleic acid those usually used in the art can be used.
- noble metals such as platinum, platinum black, gold, palladium, rhodium, silver, mercury, tungsten and their compounds, and conductive materials such as graphite and carbon typified by carbon fiber; single-crystal silicon, amorphous silicon, Silicon carbide, acid Semiconductor materials typified by silicon nitride and silicon nitride; composite materials of these semiconductor materials typified by SOI (silicon on insulator); glass, quartz glass, alumina, sapphire, ceramitas, forsterite And inorganic materials such as photosensitive glass; polyethylene, ethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polyethylene terephthalate, unsaturated polyester, fluorine-containing resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, and poly (vinyl)
- Buracetal acrylic resin, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, acetal resin, polycarbonate, polyamide, phenol resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, styrene acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- examples include organic materials such as copolymers, polyphenylene oxide, and polysulfone.
- a carrier for immobilizing a probe nucleic acid a functional group capable of covalently bonding to a nucleic acid on a substrate, and at least one surface layer selected from diamond, soft diamond, a carbon-based substance, and a carbide It is preferable to use a carrier that is a solid support having the following.
- the material of the substrate used for the solid support examples include silicone, glass, fiber, wood, paper, ceramics, and plastics (eg, polyester resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, ABS resin). (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene resin), nylon, acrylic resin, fluororesin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin, methylpentene resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, Shiraidani vinyl resin ), Synthetic diamond, high-pressure synthetic diamond, natural diamond, soft diamond (for example, diamond-like carbon), amorphous carbon; metals such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, tungsten, and molybdenum; And the like, in which the above-mentioned resin is mixed and formed as a binder; That a material obtained by powder raw materials such as metal powder or ceramic powder with a press molding machine and sintered at high temperature and the like.
- plastics eg, polyester resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, ABS resin.
- nylon acrylic resin, fluor
- the solid support of the present invention has a surface layer on a substrate. With this surface layer, a compound for introducing a functional group capable of covalently binding to a nucleic acid can be firmly fixed on a substrate.
- the surface layer is selected from diamond, soft diamond, carbon-based material and carbide. At least one kind is formed.
- the diamond, soft diamond, carbon-based material and carbide include synthetic diamond, high-pressure synthetic diamond, natural diamond, soft diamond (for example, diamond-like carbon), amorphous carbon, and carbon-based material (for example, graphite, fullerene, Carbon nanotubes), a mixture thereof, or a laminate thereof, hafnium carbide, niobium carbide, silicon carbide, tantalum carbide, thorium carbide, titanium carbide, uranium carbide, tungsten carbide, zirconium carbide, Carbides such as molybdenum carbide, chromium carbide, and vanadium carbide;
- soft diamond is a general term for imperfect diamond structures that are a mixture of diamond and carbon, such as so-called diamond-like carbon (DLC), and the mixing ratio is not particularly limited. In the present invention, it is preferable to use soft diamond.
- DLC diamond-like carbon
- the substrate is formed of at least one material selected from diamond, soft diamond, a carbon-based material, and carbide
- it is not necessary to form a new surface layer on the substrate When the substrate is formed of another material, a surface treatment is performed to form a surface layer formed of at least one material selected from diamond, soft diamond, a carbon-based material, and carbide.
- An example of a substrate that has been subjected to a surface treatment is a substrate in which soft diamond is formed on a slide glass.
- diamond-like carbon is used in the presence of hydrogen gas 0 to 9
- It is preferably prepared by ionization vapor deposition in a mixed gas containing 9% by volume and the remaining methane gas of 100 to 1% by volume.
- the thickness of the surface layer formed by the surface treatment is Inn! Preferably it is ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
- the surface treatment of the substrate is performed by a known method, for example, a microwave plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposit) method, an ECRCVD (Electric Cyclotron Resonance Chemical Vapor Deposit) method, an ICP (Inductive Coupled Plasma) method, a DC sputtering method. , ECR (Electric Cyclotron Resonance) notting method, ion plating method, arc ion plating method, EB (Electron Beam) evaporation method, resistance heating evaporation method, ionization evaporation method, arc evaporation method, laser evaporation method, etc. Can be performed.
- a surface layer may be formed by forming a laminate or a composite of the above-described substrate material (for example, a composite of diamond and another substance (for example, a two-phase body)).
- the shape and size of the substrate are not particularly limited! ⁇ , but examples of the shape include a plate shape, a thread shape, a spherical shape, a polygonal shape, and a powder shape. Is about 0.1 to 100 mm in width, 0.1 to 100 mm in length, and 0.01 to in thickness: about LOmm.
- a single layer of Ti, Au, Pt, Nb, Cr, TiC, TiN, or the like or a composite film thereof may be formed as a reflective layer on the front or back surface of the substrate.
- the thickness of the reflective layer is required to be uniform over the entire surface, and is therefore preferably lOnm or more, more preferably lOOnm or more.
- the surface is intentionally roughened with Ra (jIS B 0601) in a range of 1 nm to 1000 nm.
- Ra jIS B 0601
- Such a roughened surface is advantageous in that the surface area of the substrate increases and a large amount of probe nucleic acid can be immobilized at a high density.
- the solid support of the present invention may be provided with an electrostatic layer for electrostatically attracting nucleic acids.
- the electrostatic layer is not particularly limited as long as it can attract nucleic acids electrostatically and improve the amount of immobilized nucleic acids.
- a compound having a positive charge such as an amino group-containing compound can be used. Can be formed.
- the amino group-containing compound may be an unsubstituted amino group (1-NH 2) or a C 1-6
- the amino group-containing compound is introduced into a film forming apparatus to form a carbon-based film containing an amino group.
- the non-substituted or mono-substituted substrate is formed on the substrate in order to enhance the affinity between the electrostatic layer and the surface layer, that is, the adhesion.
- the carbon compound used here is not particularly limited as long as it can be supplied as a gas. However, for example, methane, ethane, and propane, which are gases at ordinary temperature, are preferable.
- the method of vapor deposition the ionization vapor deposition method is preferable.
- the working pressure is in the range of 0.1 to 50 Pa and the accelerating voltage is in the range of 200 to 1000 V! /.
- the electrostatic layer is formed by covalent bonding with the surface layer
- the surface of the substrate having the surface layer is chlorinated by irradiating ultraviolet rays in chlorine gas to chlorinate the surface.
- a polyvalent amine such as polyallylamine, polylysine, 4,4 ', 4 "-triaminotriphenylmethane or triamterene is reacted, and an amino group is added to the end not bound to the substrate. Is introduced, an electrostatic layer can be formed.
- a reaction for introducing a functional group capable of covalently bonding to a nucleic acid for example, introduction of a carboxyl group using a dicarboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid
- a substrate is immersed in a solution containing the above-mentioned compound having an unsubstituted or monosubstituted amino group, and then a functional group capable of covalently binding to a nucleic acid is introduced.
- the solvent for the solution include water, N-methylpyrrolidone, and ethanol.
- the substrate When a carboxy group is introduced into the substrate provided with the electrostatic layer using a dicarboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid, the substrate may be activated in advance with N-hydroxysuccinimide and Z or carpoimides, Alternatively, it is preferable to carry out the reaction in the presence of N-hydroxysuccinimide and Z or carpoimides.
- the solid support of the present invention has a functional group capable of covalently binding to a nucleic acid.
- the functional group can be formed by chemically modifying the substrate surface.
- Examples of the functional group include a carboxyl group, an active ester group, a haloformyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfate group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a thiol group, and an amino group.
- Examples of the compound used to introduce a carboxyl group as a functional group include, for example, a compound represented by the formula: X—I ⁇ —COOH (where X is a halogen atom, and R 1 is a divalent C 1 to C 12 A hydrocarbon group.), For example, chloroacetic acid, fluoroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, odoacetic acid, 2-chloropropionic acid, 3-chloropropionic acid, 3chloroacrylinoleic acid, Dicarboxylic acid represented by the formula: HOOC—R 2 —COOH (where R 2 represents a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms), for example, oxalic acid , Malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid; polycarboxylic acids such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, trimellitic acid and butanetetracarboxylic acid; formula: R 3
- X- OC- R 5 COOH (wherein, X is a halogen atom, R 5 is Monohalide of a dicarboxylic acid represented by a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, succinic monochloride, malonic monochloride; phthalic anhydride, succinic anhydride, oxalic anhydride Acid anhydrides such as acid, maleic anhydride, and butanetetracarboxylic anhydride are exemplified.
- the carboxyl group introduced as described above is a compound such as N-hydroxysuccinimide and a dehydrating condensing agent such as cyanamide percarboimide (for example, 1- [3 (dimethylamino) propyl] 3ethylcarboimide).
- a dehydrating condensing agent such as cyanamide percarboimide (for example, 1- [3 (dimethylamino) propyl] 3ethylcarboimide).
- Activated ester can be used.
- Examples of the compound used for introducing a haloformyl group as a functional group include, for example, a compound represented by the following formula: 00 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 6— ⁇ 0— (wherein X is a halogen atom, R 6 is a single bond or carbon Dino and dilide of a dicarboxylic acid represented by the following formulas (1 to 12). Examples thereof include succinic chloride and malonic chloride.
- Examples of the compound used to introduce a hydroxyl group as a functional group include, for example, a compound represented by the formula: HO—R 7 —COOH (where R 7 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms). ), And hydroxy acids or phenolic acids. [0065] Examples of the compound used to introduce an amino group as a functional group include amino acids.
- polycarboxylic acids such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, trimellitic acid, and butanetetracarboxylic acid can also be used to improve hydrophilicity.
- the probe nucleic acid can be firmly immobilized, so that a highly sensitive diagnosis with high detection sensitivity is possible.
- a method for directly measuring the level of a chemokine receptor protein in a sample obtained from an individual is used as a method for measuring the expression level of a chemokine receptor gene.
- a method for directly measuring the level of a chemokine receptor protein in a sample obtained from an individual is used.
- Assessing the chemokine receptor protein level in a sample can be performed using any method known in the art.
- Preferred for the assay of chemokine receptor protein levels in the sample is an antibody-based technique.
- antibody-based methods useful for detecting chemokine receptor protein levels include immunoassays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA).
- chemokine receptor protein-specific monoclonal antibodies can be used both as immunosorbents and as enzyme-labeled probes to detect and quantify chemokine receptor proteins.
- Antibodies to each of the CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 proteins may be commercially available or can be obtained by immunizing an animal by a method known in the art.
- Behcet's disease which is a factor in the onset of uveitis
- changes in CXCR2 are found in the protein detection level, and the expression level of CXCR2 in patients with Behcet's disease is stronger than that in healthy subjects. .
- the diagnosis method of the present invention can perform diagnosis in several hours to several days, and rapid diagnosis is possible. It is possible.
- the present invention also relates to the presence and absence of a test compound. Screening for a compound that prevents or treats uveitis by comparing gene expression levels of at least one chemokine receptor selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 in the absence and presence of .
- the expression level of the chemokine receptor can be measured by detecting the protein level or the mRNA level as described above for the diagnostic method.
- the screening method of the present invention can be implemented, for example, as follows.
- a test compound is administered to a normal or uveitis model non-human mammal, and after a certain period of time after administration (30 minutes to 3 days, preferably 1 hour to 2 days, more preferably 1 hour to 2 days) After 24 hours), at least one of the mRNAs encoding any one of the chemokine receptors selected from the group consisting of CCR4, CXCR1, CX3CR1 and CXCR4 contained in the animal-derived sample, preferably blood. Measure the seed.
- the test compound can be determined to be a compound having an activity of preventing or treating uveitis.
- a diamond-like carbon layer was coated on a 3 mm square silicon substrate, modified with a carboxyl group, and then activated with N-hydroxysuccinimide to produce a solid support.
- a microarray spotter SPBIO2000 (Hitachi Software) 25 types of 60-mer fragments of the DNA encoding the chemokine receptor were spotted on the solid support as probe DNA.
- the DNA fragment was dissolved in a 20% PEG (polyethylene glycol) solution at a concentration of 10 IX M to obtain a spotting solution.
- the substrate was placed in an oven at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and then washed with a 2 ⁇ SSCZ 0.2% SDS solution at room temperature for 15 minutes. Then 95. After washing with 2XSSCZ0.2% SDS solution heated to C for 5 minutes, washing with ultrapure water several times and blowing with compressed air The substrate was dried.
- the labeled cDNA sample was dropped on the solid support on which the probe DNA was immobilized, and hybridization was performed at 42 ° C for 18 hours. Then, after washing sequentially with 2 ⁇ SSCZ 0.2% SDS, 0.2 ⁇ SSC / 0.2% SDS, and 0.2 ⁇ SSC, an image was taken with a fluorescence scanner. The results are shown on the right side of FIG.
- CCR4 the expression level in uveitis patients decreases compared to the expression level in healthy subjects
- CXCR1 the expression level in uveitis patients increases compared to the expression levels in healthy subjects.
- the expression level of CX3CR1 in uveitis patients was decreased as compared to the expression level in healthy subjects
- the expression level of CXCR4V in uveitis patients was compared to the expression level in healthy subjects. The decrease was evident.
- the causes of uveitis which is an eye disease, are diverse, and it is difficult to provide an appropriate treatment method that is difficult to diagnose because various factors such as viruses and bacteria are considered.
- diagnosis of uveitis is made by performing various ophthalmic examinations and whole-body examinations, including direct observation with a biological microscope, and observing the progress over a long period of time.
- a method of diagnosing uveitis in an individual wherein the diagnosis is performed by measuring the gene expression level of at least one chemokine receptor selected from a specific group in a sample derived from the individual. It will be possible to diagnose uveitis cheaply and quickly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004-151989 | 2004-05-21 | ||
| JP2004151989A JP2005328798A (ja) | 2004-05-21 | 2004-05-21 | ブドウ膜炎を診断する方法 |
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| JP5015518B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-04 | 2012-08-29 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | ハウスダストアレルギーの原因となるダニ・カビ類の検出・識別用マイクロアレイ |
| CN117590007B (zh) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-03-29 | 天津医科大学眼科医院 | 生物标志物在制备诊断白塞氏病葡萄膜炎的产品中的应用 |
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| ADAMUS G ET AL: "Expression of CC chemokines and their receptors in the eye in autoimmune anterior uveitis associated with EAE.", INVEST OPHTHALMOL VIS SCI., vol. 42, no. 12, 2001, pages 2894 - 2903, XP009026619 * |
| KANEKO F. ET AL: "Behcet's Disease Kanja Masshoketsu Hakkekkyu ni okeru Chemokine Juyotai Hatsugen no Kan'yo ni Tsuite.", 2002, pages 60 - 63, XP002997646 * |
| KLITGAARD T.L.S. ET AL: "Chemokine receptors and early activation markers in acute anterior uveitis.", ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, vol. 82, no. 2, April 2004 (2004-04-01), pages 179 - 183, XP002997645 * |
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