WO2005106136A1 - Fabricated breast walls in which a pre-stress is induced in steel strands installed in a body and a construction method thereof - Google Patents

Fabricated breast walls in which a pre-stress is induced in steel strands installed in a body and a construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005106136A1
WO2005106136A1 PCT/KR2004/001873 KR2004001873W WO2005106136A1 WO 2005106136 A1 WO2005106136 A1 WO 2005106136A1 KR 2004001873 W KR2004001873 W KR 2004001873W WO 2005106136 A1 WO2005106136 A1 WO 2005106136A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
sloped
horizontal
panels
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2004/001873
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Young - Ho Lee
Original Assignee
Construction & Transportation Technology Co., Kr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Construction & Transportation Technology Co., Kr filed Critical Construction & Transportation Technology Co., Kr
Publication of WO2005106136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005106136A1/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0266Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B11/00Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00Production methods
    • E02D2250/0046Production methods using prestressing techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a construction method of fabricated breast walls capable of strengthening a shearing stress by continuously installing unit support panels pre-fabricated with a regular standard on the ground of cutting and embankment slopes, continuously installing unit horizontal, sloped and curved panels pre-fabricated with a regular standard on the unit support panels in a manner of variously combining depending upon geographical features of the cutting and embankment slopes, coincidently interconnecting the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved and support panels, and inducing a pre-stress in steel strands installed in bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels; wherein the unit horizontal panel is manufactured by a steel molding flask, having a flat upper surface and a lower surface provided with a groove at a center portion, a protrusion and a groove having a regular length are formed at both side surfaces, a plurality of horizontal sheaths evenly spaced apart from each other are inserted into an upper and a lower portions of
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a breast wall assembled and installed at the slopes by installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels, and the unit support panel for supporting them on the ground to be conformed with the geographical features of the slopes, then, mutually assembling and installing the steel strand horizontally installed to each other by using a socket, connecting the front and rear surfaces connecting iron rods inserted into the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels with a coupler, inducing a pre-stress to the steel strand inserted into the vertical sheath, and assembling and installing the unit breast wall panel in which the pre-stress has been induced.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the unit breast wall panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels in a certain manufacturing place by disposing high-strength iron rods in a regular sized steel mold, and pouring and curing high-strength concrete.
  • the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the unit breast wall panel- has a plurality of hooks installed at its upper portion, and manufactured to form an overall shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, the front surface and the rear surface maintaining an even slope and having a protrusion and a groove formed at both side surfaces, a plurality of coupler installation grooves evenly spaced apart from each other formed at the front surface and the rear surface of the both side surfaces, a plurality of coupler installation grooves evenly spaced apart from each other formed at the front surface and the rear surface of the lower surface, and coincidently a plurality of recesses evenly spaced apart from each other also formed at the lower surface; wherein the unit horizontal panel has a horizontal upper surface and a horizontal lower surface, a label part having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the upper surface, settling grooves evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at a center portion of the unit horizontal panel, each sheath pipe inserted into the
  • the unit-sloped panel has an upper surface formed with a regular slope, manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel, and used in case of the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes have slopes or stages.
  • the unit-curved panel is manufactured to form a curved body of the unit-curved panel to have a regular tangential angle, manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel to have the curved surface of the upper and the lower surface of the unit-curved panel, and used in case of the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes have a certain curvature.
  • the unit support panel installed on the ground to support the unit breast panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels forms a seating portion protruded by a certain size at a 2/3 position above the bottom portion to make a plurality of sheath pipes pass through to a settling groove of the lower portion of the bottom portion, forms a plurality of projections evenly spaced apart from each other on the seating portion and install a plurality of grouting holes at a certain position of the rear bottom portion, install shearing keys protruded from both sides of the grouting holes by a certain size, forms a vertical projection and a vertical groove at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion of the unit support panel, individually install a horizontal projection and a horizontal groove after an interrupted part spaced apart from the vertical projection and the vertical groove is provided, and forms a plurality of coupler installation grooves having a regular size evenly spaced apart from each other at the both side surfaces of the projected seating portion and the both side surfaces of the unit support panel.
  • a construction of the fabricated breast wall is completed shown as Fig. 14 by installing the unit support panel on the ground of a lower portion of the cutting and the embankment slopes at which the breast wall will be installed, and coincidently fastening high-strength iron rods extended into the coupler installation groove of the unit support panel adjacently installed to each other to the coupler installation groove by using a coupler to connect a series of unit support panels to each other; installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes so that the projection installed at the seating portion of the unit support panel is inserted into a recess formed at the lower portion; then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods extended and installed in the coupler installation groove installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels installed adjacent to each other by using a coupler, and then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of fabricated breast walls by using a unit breast panel capable of enabling an installation of the breast walls in winter season also since a construction time of an installation of the fabricated breast panels is reduced rather than that of a prior art mold and iron rod-concrete method, as a result, a construction cost is saved, and, especially, the panel fabricated in a plant is assembled and installed, comprising the steps of assembling and installing the unit breast panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the curved panels, in which the pre-stress is induced, fabricated in a plant depending upon the geographical features that the slopes of the cutting and the embankment are consisted of straight lines and curved lines, on the unit support panel depending upon the shapes of the slopes, and mutually assembling and installing the steel strand installed in horizontal at the panels by using a socket; connecting the front and rear surfaces connecting iron rods inserted into the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels by a coupler;
  • a prior art reinforced concrete breast wall using iron rods-concrete is consisted of a structure for securing an activity, conductivity and sustainability and maintaining a profile of the breast wall by integrally forming a footing and a wall body, disposing iron rods, and pouring and curing cement in order to support an earth pressure of a rear portion of the breast wall installed at the slopes. Describing about the prior art breast wall consisting of reinforced concrete shown in Fig.
  • the breast wall in order to resist the earth pressure acting on the rear surface of the wall body, is constructed by integrally installing the footing and the wall body 31 on the bottom concrete poured on the ground, installing an activity support plate for resisting a sliding on the lower portion of the footing, and pouring and curing the cement.
  • the present invention provides a construction method of fabricated breast walls comprising the steps of assembling and installing the breast wail fabricated in a plant at the construction site, and interconnecting a steel strand and a vertical iron rod by using a coupler and a socket to induce a pre-stress therein to strengthen a shearing stress of the breast wall, whereby the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is reduced in comparison with the method of pouring and curing cement after the completion of assembling iron rods and installing a molding flask, an unfaithful construction is prevented since quality guaranteed fabricated products are used, and especially, the breast wall construction is possible in the hot season and the winter season since influence from the exterior weather is less than the prior art construction.
  • the unit breast wall panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels of the present invention is manufactures by using a steel molding flask, has a hexahedron shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, an interconnected section of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels has a protrusion and a groove formed along an overall section, the section having the protrusion and the groove are provided with a protrusion and a groove, individually, the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, i.e., an overall section interconnected to the unit support panel has a protrusion and a groove, and the overall section has an protrusion and a groove individually, thereby providing a double close fitting of the protrusion and the groove of the overall section and the protrusion and the groove of the individual protrusion and groove formed in the overall section when the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels are interconnected to the unit support
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the unit breast wall panel 30 such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels 50, 60, 70 and 80 in a certain manufacturing place
  • the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 of the unit breast wall panel 30 has a plurality of hooks 53 installed at its upper portion, a label part 23 having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the front surface 59 of the upper surface, and manufactured to form an overall shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, the front surface 59 and the rear surface 58 maintaining an even slope
  • an interconnected section of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels has a straight line and an individual protrusion and an individual groove therein to be inserted and connected to another protrusion and groove formed in an adjacent section, a lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, i.e., an
  • the unit support panel 80 installed on the ground to support the unit breast panel 30 such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 is manufactured by a steel molding flask, forms a seating portion protruded by a certain size at a 2/3 position above the bottom portion 88 to make the plurality of sheath pipes 52 pass through to the settling groove 56 of the lower portion of the bottom portion 88, forms a plurality of projections 87 evenly spaced apart from each other on the seating portion 93 and install a plurality of grouting holes 86 at a certain position of the rear bottom portion 85, install shearing keys 90 protruded from both sides of the grouting holes 86 by a certain size at the lower portion 40 of the unit support panel 80 at which the grouting hole 86 is installed, forms a vertical projection 92 and a vertical groove 95 at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80, individually install a horizontal projection 91 and a horizontal groove 94 after an interrupted
  • a construction of the fabricated breast wall is completed shown as Fig. 14 by installing the unit support panel 80 on the ground of a lower portion of the cutting and the embankment slopes at which the breast wall will be installed, and coincidently fastening the high-strength iron rods (not shown) extended into the coupler installation groove 54 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed to each other to the coupler installation groove 54 by using the coupler (not shown) to connect a serious of unit support panels 80 to each other; selectively installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes so that the projection 87 installed at the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 is inserted into the recess formed at the lower portion; then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods extended and installed in the coupler installation groove 54 installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art breast wall in relevant with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a fabricated breast wall after using a unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention completes the construction
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view for illustrating a fabricated breast wall at which the unit breast wall panel of the present invention is assembled and installed
  • Fig. 4 is a bottom view illustrating bottom surfaces of the unit breast wall panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art breast wall in relevant with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a fabricated breast wall after using a unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention completes the construction
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view for illustrating a fabricated breast wall at which the unit breast wall panel of the present invention is assembled and installed
  • Fig. 4 is a bottom view illustrating bottom surfaces of the unit breast wall panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a connecting portion of a steel strand installed at the bottom surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels;
  • Fig. 6 is a side view for illustrating side surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention;
  • Fig. 7 is a front view for illustrating front surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention;
  • Fig. 8 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention;
  • Fig. 9 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention;
  • Fig. 10 illustrates the unit support panel in accordance with the present invention;
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view for illustrating the unit support panel shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a side view for illustrating the assembled state of the unit breast panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention;
  • Fig. 13 is a front view for illustrating the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention assembled to each other;
  • Fig. 14 illustrates a constructed fabricated breast wall that the unit breast wall panels in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention are assembled and installed to each other;
  • Fig. 15 illustrates the unit horizontal panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention;
  • Fig. 16 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention;
  • FIG. 17 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 18 is an enlarged view for illustrating the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 19 is a perspective view for illustrating the unit support panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view for illustrating the unit support panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 21 illustrates a lower portion of the unit support panel shown in Fig. 19
  • Fig. 22 illustrates the overall concept of constructing the fabricated breast wall through the processes of mutually assembling the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a fabricated breast wall after using a unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention completes the construction.
  • a road or a railroad A on a unit support panel 80, a unit horizontal panel 50, a unit-sloped panel 60 and a unit-curved panel 70 are assembled to each other to install the unit breast wall panel 30 depending upon the geographical features of slopes B of the cutting and the embankment, the unit breast wall panels 30 are vertically and horizontally interconnected to each other by using a high strength iron rod and a steel strand with a coupler and a socket to resist a shearing stress, the fabricated breast wall 20 in which the pre-stress is induced installs the unit horizontal panel 50 when an upper portion of the slope is flat, the unit-sloped panel 60 when the upper portion of the slope is sloped, and the unit-curved panel 70 when the sloped is curved, the unit horizontal panel 50 and the unit-sloped panel 60 are assembled to be conformed with the curved surface of the slope to prevent earth and sand from washing out from the slope by installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved
  • unit support panel 80 for supporting the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 may be manufactured with a small size, when the unit support panel is curved, to partially support the transition point to the curved portion of the unit-curved panel 70.
  • a protrusion 45 and a groove 44 are engaged with each other to form a connecting portion 21 when the unit breast wall panel 30 is mutually assembled, the steel strand 34 is settled in the vertical sheath 46 installed at the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the vertical sheath 46 installed at the unit support panel 80 by using the fixture 33 installed at the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83 of the unit support panel 80, and the steel strand 34 is passed through and installed in the vertical sheath 46 to mount and tense the steel strand 34 to the fixture 33 installed in the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be securely connected to the unit support panel 80.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view for illustrating a fabricated breast wall at which the unit breast wall panel of the present invention is assembled and installed; the unit support panel is installed after base concrete C is poured and cured on the ground at which the breast wall will be installed, the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 formed at the both sides of the unit support panel 80 are engaged with each other to install the connecting portion, the vertical sheath 46 is installed at a certain position of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the front surface upper support plate 81 , the steel strand 34 is installed to be put over the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the front surface upper support plate 81 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed to each other to gather the steel strand 34 in the groove 32 formed at the center of the unit support panel 80 to securely fix it by using the socket 36 to fixedly connect the unit support panel 80 adjacent to each other to strengthen the shearing stress; the steel strand 34 is settled to the fixture installed at the groove formed at the lower support plate 83 of the unit support panel in the vertical sheath 35 connected to the
  • Fig. 4 is a bottom view illustrating bottom surfaces of the unit breast wall panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention
  • the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are manufactured by using the steel molding flask, the high-tensile iron rod is disposed in the molding flask, the horizontal sheath 35 is installed at the rear surface with evenly spaced apart from each other, the groove 32 is formed at the center to form the steel strand connecting portion 37 to connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other by using the steel strand 34, the steel strand 34 is fixedly connected by using the socket 36 installed in the steel strand connecting portion 37 to strengthen the shearing stress for resisting the earth pressure acting on the rear surface of the breast wall; a plurality of drain pipes 31 are installed in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 with evenly spaced apart from each other;
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a connecting portion of a steel strand installed at the bottom surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels; the horizontal sheath 35 is disposed to be connected to the groove 32 installed at the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70; the horizontal sheath is installed with slightly bended to the rear surface 38 from the front surface 39 in the panel body to slightly gather inward the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to securely assemble them when it is tightened by the socket 36 after the steel strand 34 is inserted into the horizontal sheath 35 in the future, thereby strengthening the shearing stress.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a connecting portion of a steel strand installed at the bottom surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels; the horizontal sheath 35 is disposed to be connected to the groove 32 installed at the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit
  • FIG. 6 is a side view for illustrating side surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention
  • the front surface 39 and the rear surface 38 have a regular slope, and both side surfaces have the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other when they are assembled and connected
  • the groove 44 is formed at the lower portion to be connected to the unit support panel 80
  • the steel strand 34 is inserted into the horizontal sheath 35 installed at the side surface with evenly spaced apart from each other to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other by the steel strand 34
  • a plurality of drain pipes 31 are installed with evenly spaced apart from each other to discharge the underground water generated in the rear surface of the breast wall
  • a plurality of high-tensile iron rods are installed at the rear surface 38 and the front surface 39 to be threadedly engaged with the rear
  • the groove 32 is installed at a certain height from the front surface 39 to install the vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove 32 to install the steel strand 34 in the vertical sheath 46 passed through and installed to the groove 32 of the lower support panel 83 of the unit support panel 80, the steel strand 34 is settled to the fixture 33 installed in the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83, then, the steel strand 34 is passed through the vertical sheath 46 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be projected in the groove 32 of the front surface 39 to be settled to the fixture, then, a tensile force is induced in the steel strand 34 to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be securely connected to the unit support panel 80, after this operation is completed, non-shrinkable mortar or epoxy etc. are filled in the groove 32 to prevent the steel strand 34 from annealing and corroding.
  • the number of the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 is 4 ⁇ 10 high-tensile iron rods to resist the tensile force, preferably 6 iron rods
  • the number of the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 is 2 - 5 high-tensile iron rods to resist the compression force , preferably 1/2 of the number of the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods.
  • Fig. 7 is a front view for illustrating front surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at the side surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other when they are assembled and connected, the groove 44 is formed at the lower portion 40 to be connected to the unit support panel 80, the high-tensile iron rods are installed at the front surface 39 to be threadedly engaged with the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 installed at the unit support panel 80 to vertically and securely connect them, and the groove 32 is formed at the both sides of the lower portion 40 to threadedly connect the iron rods.
  • the groove 32 is installed at a certain height from the front surface 39 to install the vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove 32 to install the steel strand 34 in the vertical sheath 46 passed through and installed to the groove 32 of the lower support panel 83 of the unit support panel 80, the steel strand 34 is settled to the fixture 33 installed in the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83, then, the steel strand 34 is passed through the vertical sheath 46 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be projected in the groove 32 of the front surface 39 to be settled to the fixture, then, a tensile force is induced in the steel strand 34 to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be securely connected to the unit support panel 80.
  • the high-tensile front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 installed at the front surface 39 are disposed to vertically install the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 at the beginning of the assembly, and also, when the earth pressure acting on the rear surface is operated after the construction is completed, since the compression force is acted on the front surface 39, therefore, the number of the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 is 2 ⁇ 5 high-tensile iron rods to resist the compression force , preferably 1/2 of the number of the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods.
  • the unit-curved panel 70 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention
  • the process of the disposition of the unit-curved panel 70 is the same as that of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 described in conjunction with Figs. 4 to 7 except that the unit-curved panel 70 has a tangential angle 71 to form the curved portion; and the unit-curved panel 70 is associated with the unit horizontal panel 50 or the unit-sloped panel 60 to conform with the sloped surface when the sloped surface is transformed to the curved surface from the flat surface.
  • the tangential angle 71 has a range of 20 ⁇ 40°, preferably 30°.
  • the breast wall of the sharp-curved portion such as an almost 90°right angle curved portion
  • the breast wall of the sharp-curved portion also can be constructed by installing 2 unit-curved panels 70 end to end and installing the unit horizontal panel 50 or the unit-sloped panel 60 to the both sides, thereby enabling the construction of the curved breast wall by associating the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 depending upon the shape of the curved surface.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention
  • the process of the disposition of the unit-sloped panel 60 is the same as that of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 described in conjunction with Figs. 4 to 7 except that the upper portion 42 has the sloped surface 61.
  • the unit-sloped panel 60 has a use for an installation when the upper portion of the sloped surface B has a regular slope.
  • the unit-sloped panel 60 makes the smooth installation of the breast wall at the sloped surface along the slope enable to provide a fine view and protect the stages of the sloped surface B.
  • the unit-horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels 50, 60, 70 and 80 are manufactured in the plant by forming the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 in the steel molding flask to form the connecting portion 21 for securely connecting to each of the unit breast wall panel 30 adjacent to each other, disposing the high-tensile iron rods, disposing various necessary materials, and then, pouring and curing the high-strength cement.
  • the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at both sides, when the number of unit breast panels 30 are continuously installed end to end, 2 outermost panels has one side connected to the adjacent panel and the other side exposed to an exterior to provide a poor appearance.
  • the unit breast wall panel 30 can be manufactured to have one flat side surface with no protrusion and groove by inserting a certain sized materials into the position of the steel molding flask for the unit breast panel 30 that the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 will be formed, and pouring and curing the cement. Figs.
  • 10 and 11 are a side view and a plan view for illustrating the unit support panel shown of the present invention
  • the high-tensile iron-rods are disposed in the steel molding flask
  • the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at the both sides
  • the horizontal sheath 35 passing through the both sides of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the front surface upper support plate 81 is inserted into the unit support panel 70
  • the groove 32 is formed to form the steel strand connecting portion 37 to gather the steel strand 34 inserted into the horizontal sheath 35 of the adjacent unit support panel 80 in the groove 32 to securely connect thereto by using the socket 36 to strengthen the shearing stress
  • the protrusion 45 is formed at the upper portion 42 to be assembled and installed at the groove 44 of the lower portion 40 of the unit horizontal
  • the vertical sheath 46 is passed through to the lower support plate 83 so that the steel strand 34 inserted into the bodies of the unit horizontal
  • Fig. 12 is a side view for illustrating the assembled state of the unit breast panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a front view for illustrating the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention assembled to each other; the detailed description is omitted since the assembly of the unit breast wall panels has been described, however, the process of construction of the fabricated breast wall 20 by assembling the unit breast wall panel 30 will be described as follows.
  • the method of constructing the fabricated breast wall on the slope B comprises the steps of: arranging the ground where the breast wall will be constructed; pouring base concrete C on the ground; assembling and installing the unit support panel 80 fabricated in a plant on the base concrete C; inserting the steel strand 34 into the vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove 32 of the lower support plate 82 of the unit support panel 80 to extend to the upper portion 42, and inserting the steel strand 34 into the horizontal sheath 35 installed at the unit support panel 80 installed adjacent to the unit support panel 80 and the front surface and the rear surface upper support plates 81 and 82 to securely connect the both steel strands 34 gathered in the steel strand connecting portion 37 by using the socket 36 to strengthen the shearing stress; installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 to fit the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 with each other depending upon the geographical features of the slope B to form the connecting portion 21 , threadedly engaging the vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47 installed
  • the steel strands installed at the panels are gathered in one position to be tightened by the socket to be securely assembled and installed, and the front surface and the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods inserted in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the unit support panel 80 is connected by the coupler to increase the shearing stress, the pre-stress is induced in each of the unit breast wall panels to strengthen the shearing stress for increasing the resisting force of the designed breast wall.
  • the unit breast wall panels in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention are assembled and installed to each other; in order to install a housing complex, a road or a railroad A on a unit support panel 80, a unit horizontal panel 50, a unit-sloped panel 60 and a unit-curved panel 70 are assembled to each other to install the unit breast wall panel 30 depending upon the geographical features of slopes B of the cutting and the embankment, the unit breast wall panels 30 are vertically and horizontally interconnected to each other by using a high strength iron rod and a steel strand with a coupler, the steel strand is passed through the sheath pipe 52 installed at the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and the sheath pipe 52 installed in the unit support panel 80 to settle to the fixture 55 to induce the pre-stress in the fabricated breast wall 20, the fabricated breast wall 20 in which the pre-stress is induced installs the unit horizontal panel 50 when an upper portion of the slope B of the cutting and the
  • unit support panel 80 for supporting the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 may be manufactured with a small size, when the unit support panel is curved, to partially support the transition point to the curved portion of the breast wall panel.
  • the unit horizontal panel 50 is manufactured in a certain manufacturing place such as a plant by using the steel molding flask, the high-strength iron rods are disposed in the steel molding flask to install the iron rod frame for forming the breast wall, and the cement is poured into the molding flask;
  • the unit horizontal panel 50 has a plurality of hooks 53 installed at its upper portion, a label part 23 having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the front surface 59 of the upper surface, and manufactured to form an overall shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, the front surface 59 and the rear surface 58 maintaining an even slope, a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at corners of the front surface and the rear surface, a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at corners of the front surface and the rear surface, and coinciden
  • the unit horizontal panel 50 is manufactured to have the flat upper and lower surfaces 51 , and for use when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes has a flat surface.
  • the high-strength iron rods in the coupler installation groove 54 are extended and installed to be used to interconnect the unit breast wall panels 30 adjacent to each other in the future.
  • the hooks 53 are installed to facilitate a conveyance and an installation of the unit horizontal panel when the panel as a heavyweight material is installed, closely connect the unit horizontal panels when the epoxy etc.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; the unit-sloped panel 60 is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel shown in Fig. 15 except that the upper surface of the unit-sloped panel is formed to have a regular sloped surface 61.
  • the unit-sloped panel is for use when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes has slopes and stages.
  • the unit-curved panel 70 is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel shown in Fig. 15 except that the upper surface of the unit-sloped panel is formed to have a regular tangential angle 71 to form the curved body shape of the unit-curved panel, the upper and lower surfaces of the unit-curved panel has a curved portion 72, and the unit-curved panel is for use when the cutting and the embankment slopes have regularly curved geographical features.
  • the unit-curved panel 70 and the unit horizontal panel 50 or the unit-sloped panel 60 are associated with each other depending upon the curved surface to conform with the curved surface of the cutting and the embankment slopes when the geographical features are transformed to curved surface from the flat surface.
  • the tangential angle has a range of 5 ⁇ 40°. Fig.
  • the enlarged cross-section 57 is a view for illustrating a cross-section of the upper portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and the enlarged cross-section 57 is a portion for facilitating an installation of a handrail or a soundproofed wall when the hand rail or the soundproofed wall is installed at the upper portion of the wall body of the fabricated breast wall installed at the cutting and the embankment slopes.
  • 19 and 20 are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view for illustrating the unit support panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention
  • the unit support panel 80 installed on the ground to support the unit breast panel 30 such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 is manufactured by a steel molding flask, forms a seating portion 93 protruded by a certain height and area at a certain position above the bottom portion 88 to make the plurality of sheath pipes 52 pass through to the settling groove 56 of the lower portion of the bottom portion 88, forms a plurality of projections 87 evenly spaced apart from each other on the seating portion 93 and install a plurality of grouting holes 86 at a certain position of the rear bottom portion 85, install shearing keys 90 protruded from both sides of the grouting holes 86 by a certain size at the lower portion 40 of the unit support panel 80 at which the grouting hole 86 is installed, forms a vertical projection 92 and a vertical groove 95
  • the protruded seating portion 93 has a predetermined area for enabling the installation of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and a plurality of projections 87 are formed at the seating portion 93 so that the projections 87 of the seating portion 93 and the recesses formed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are closely fitted to each other when the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are installed at the seating portion 93.
  • the plurality of sheath pipes 52 in the seating portion 93 are installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be interconnected to the sheath pipes 52 passed through to the lower surface of the panel 30 to pass the steel strand there through to settle the steel strand to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and another steel strand is installed at the settling groove 56 of the lower portion 40 of the unit support panel 80 to be settled to the fixture 55 installed at the groove 56.
  • the grouting material is injected into a plurality of grouting hole 86 formed at the predetermined position of the rear bottom portion 85 with a low pressure to closely adhere the lower surface of the unit support panel to the ground to strengthen the supporting force, and another grouting hole 86 is formed to provide a passageway from which air between the ground and the lower surface of the unit support panel is discharged when the grouting material is injected with a low pressure. If the air does not eliminated, the unit support panel will be come off the ground to decrease the supporting force.
  • the shearing key 90 protruded from the both sides of the plurality of grouting holes 86 is installed at the lower portion of the unit support panel 80 to strongly resist the earth pressure to prevent the fabricated breast wall 20 from sliding since the shearing key is buried in the ground. Because the shearing key and the lower portion of the unit support panel adjacent to the shearing key should be closely adhered to the ground, the grouting holes 86 should be installed at the center portion of the shearing key. Though the lower bottom surface of the unit support panel without the shearing key is buried in the ground, the grouting material may be injected through the grouting hole to closely adhere the lower bottom surface and the ground to strengthen the supporting force.
  • the vertical projection 92 or the vertical groove 95 is formed at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80, the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 are individually installed after the interrupted portions 89 are provided at both sides of the vertical projection 92 or the vertical groove 95 with spaced apart from each other to function as a guide for maintaining a horizontal state and to resist an irregular subsidence when the unit support panel is installed on the ground.
  • the predetermined interrupted portion 89 is formed by cutting the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 by a certain length so that the vertical projection 92 and the vertical groove 95, and the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 does not crossed at the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80, when the heights of the unit support panels 80 are different from each other due to the stages of the ground, the vertical projection 92 and the vertical groove 95, and the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 installed at the both sides of the unit support panels 80 installed adjacent to each other become to do not overlap to closely adhere the unit support panels 80.
  • Fig. 21 illustrates a lower portion of the unit support panel shown in Fig.
  • the plurality of grouting holes 86 are located at the predetermined position of the rear bottom portion 85 and between the shearing keys 90, one of the grouting hole 86 serves to inject the grouting material for closely adhering the lower portion of the unit horizontal panel to the ground to strengthen the supporting force, and another one of the grouting holes provides a passageway discharging air between the ground and the lower portion of the unit support panel when the grouting material is injected into the grouting hole with a low pressure.
  • the shearing key 90 protruded from the both sides of the plurality of grouting holes 86 is installed at the lower portion of the unit support panel 80 to strongly resist the earth pressure to prevent the fabricated breast wall 20 from sliding since the shearing key is buried in the ground.
  • Fig. 22 illustrates the overall concept of constructing the fabricated breast wall through the processes of mutually assembling the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention; a construction of the fabricated breast wall is completed by installing the unit support panel 80 on the ground of a lower portion of the cutting and the embankment slopes at which the breast wall 20 will be installed, and coincidently fastening the high-strength iron rods extended into the coupler installation groove 54 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed to each other to the coupler installation groove 54 by using the coupler to connect a serious of unit support panels to each other; selectively installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50.
  • the unit-horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels 50, 60, 70 and 80 are manufactured in the plant by forming the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 in the steel molding flask to form the connecting portion 21 for securely connecting to each of the unit breast wall panel 30 adjacent to each other, disposing the high-tensile iron rods, disposing various necessary materials, and then, pouring and curing the high-strength cement.
  • the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at both sides, when the number of unit breast panels 30 are continuously installed end to end, 2 outermost panels has one side connected to the adjacent panel and the other side exposed to an exterior to provide a poor appearance.
  • the unit breast wall panel 30 can be manufactured to have one flat side surface with no protrusion and groove by inserting a certain sized materials into the position of the steel molding flask for the unit breast panel 30 that the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 will be formed, and pouring and curing the cement.
  • the method of constructing the fabricated breast wall 20 by assembling the unit breast panel 30 comprises the steps of: arranging the ground where the breast wall will be constructed; installing the unit support panel 80 fabricated in the plant on the ground, inserting the steel strand into the sheath pipe 52 installed at the settling groove formed at the lower portion of the unit support panel 80 to extend to the seating portion 93, and closely assembling with the horizontal shearing key 96 installed with adjacent to each other to interconnect the high-strength iron rods installed in the coupler installation groove 54 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed thereto with the coupler; inserting the projection 87 of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 into the recess formed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 depending upon the geographical features of the slope B, and passing the steel strand protruded from the seating portion 93 through the sheath pipe 52 installed in the bodies of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved
  • the present invention provides a economic and effective method of constructing the breast wall capable of increasing the shearing stress by assembling the unit breast wall panel fabricated through the quality management in the plant depending upon the geographical features of the slope and connecting the high-strength iron rods with the coupler, resisting the earth pressure acting on the breast wall by inducing the pre-stress in the steel strand inserted into the sheath to install the pre-stressed unit breast wall panel and securely connecting the unit breast wall panel adjacent to each other, reducing a consumption quantity of the iron rod and the concrete since the pre-stress is induced to reduce the area, freely installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50,

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a fabricated breast wall comprising the steps of continuously installing unit support panels manufactured with a regular size on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes in order to prevent earth and sand from washing out of the slopes of the cutting and the embankment, variously assembling and continuously installing a unit horizontal, a unit-sloped and a unit-curved panels manufactured with a regular size on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and embankment slopes, interconnecting the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels, and inducing the pre-stress in a steel strand installed at bodies of the horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels to strengthen the shearing stress.

Description

TITLE
FABRICATED BREAST WALLS IN WHICH A PRE-STRESS IS INDUCED IN STEEL STRANDS INSTALLED IN A BODY AND A CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF.
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a construction method of fabricated breast walls capable of strengthening a shearing stress by continuously installing unit support panels pre-fabricated with a regular standard on the ground of cutting and embankment slopes, continuously installing unit horizontal, sloped and curved panels pre-fabricated with a regular standard on the unit support panels in a manner of variously combining depending upon geographical features of the cutting and embankment slopes, coincidently interconnecting the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved and support panels, and inducing a pre-stress in steel strands installed in bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels; wherein the unit horizontal panel is manufactured by a steel molding flask, having a flat upper surface and a lower surface provided with a groove at a center portion, a protrusion and a groove having a regular length are formed at both side surfaces, a plurality of horizontal sheaths evenly spaced apart from each other are inserted into an upper and a lower portions of the both side surfaces, a groove is formed at a certain position of a front surface having a regular slope, a vertical sheath connected to the groove is inserted to be extended to the lower surface, a drain pipe passing through the front and rear surfaces of the unit horizontal panel is installed to be spaced apart from each other, the horizontal sheath is inserted into the rear surface and the groove is formed at the center of the front surface to install a connecting part of the steel strand, a rear surface vertical connecting iron rod is inserted into the rear surface, and a front surface vertical connecting iron rod is inserted into the front surface; the unit-sloped panel is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel except that the upper surface of the unit-sloped panel has a certain slope; the unit-curved panel forming a curved portion having a regular tangential angle is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel; and the unit support panel for supporting the unit breast wall panel on the ground has the protrusion and the groove formed at both surfaces, the horizontal sheath passing through both surfaces of a rear surface upper support plate and a front surface upper support plate is inserted thereto, a center groove is formed to make a connecting portion of the steel strand, a protrusion and a groove are formed at the upper portion, a vertical sheath is passed through one side of the upper portion to be connected to the vertical sheath inserted into the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and a groove is formed in a lower support plate to install a fixture, a groove is formed at the both side portions of the upper portion to connect the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods inserted into the rear surface and the front surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and insert the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods, an upper sheath passing through an end portion of the rear surface upper support plate and an end portion of the front surface upper support plate is installed and a pair of grooves are formed at the both end portions to install a fixture. Another embodiment of the present invention is a breast wall assembled and installed at the slopes by installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels, and the unit support panel for supporting them on the ground to be conformed with the geographical features of the slopes, then, mutually assembling and installing the steel strand horizontally installed to each other by using a socket, connecting the front and rear surfaces connecting iron rods inserted into the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels with a coupler, inducing a pre-stress to the steel strand inserted into the vertical sheath, and assembling and installing the unit breast wall panel in which the pre-stress has been induced. Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the unit breast wall panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels in a certain manufacturing place by disposing high-strength iron rods in a regular sized steel mold, and pouring and curing high-strength concrete. The unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the unit breast wall panel- has a plurality of hooks installed at its upper portion, and manufactured to form an overall shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, the front surface and the rear surface maintaining an even slope and having a protrusion and a groove formed at both side surfaces, a plurality of coupler installation grooves evenly spaced apart from each other formed at the front surface and the rear surface of the both side surfaces, a plurality of coupler installation grooves evenly spaced apart from each other formed at the front surface and the rear surface of the lower surface, and coincidently a plurality of recesses evenly spaced apart from each other also formed at the lower surface; wherein the unit horizontal panel has a horizontal upper surface and a horizontal lower surface, a label part having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the upper surface, settling grooves evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at a center portion of the unit horizontal panel, each sheath pipe inserted into the settling grooves is passed through the lower surface of the unit horizontal panel, and the unit horizontal panel is used when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes is formed horizontally. The unit-sloped panel has an upper surface formed with a regular slope, manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel, and used in case of the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes have slopes or stages. The unit-curved panel is manufactured to form a curved body of the unit-curved panel to have a regular tangential angle, manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel to have the curved surface of the upper and the lower surface of the unit-curved panel, and used in case of the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes have a certain curvature. In addition, the unit support panel installed on the ground to support the unit breast panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels forms a seating portion protruded by a certain size at a 2/3 position above the bottom portion to make a plurality of sheath pipes pass through to a settling groove of the lower portion of the bottom portion, forms a plurality of projections evenly spaced apart from each other on the seating portion and install a plurality of grouting holes at a certain position of the rear bottom portion, install shearing keys protruded from both sides of the grouting holes by a certain size, forms a vertical projection and a vertical groove at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion of the unit support panel, individually install a horizontal projection and a horizontal groove after an interrupted part spaced apart from the vertical projection and the vertical groove is provided, and forms a plurality of coupler installation grooves having a regular size evenly spaced apart from each other at the both side surfaces of the projected seating portion and the both side surfaces of the unit support panel. As shown in Figs 14 and 22, a construction of the fabricated breast wall is completed shown as Fig. 14 by installing the unit support panel on the ground of a lower portion of the cutting and the embankment slopes at which the breast wall will be installed, and coincidently fastening high-strength iron rods extended into the coupler installation groove of the unit support panel adjacently installed to each other to the coupler installation groove by using a coupler to connect a series of unit support panels to each other; installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes so that the projection installed at the seating portion of the unit support panel is inserted into a recess formed at the lower portion; then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods extended and installed in the coupler installation groove installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels installed adjacent to each other by using a coupler, and then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods installed at the seating portion of the unit support panel and extended and installed in the coupler installation groove installed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels by using the coupler; passing and installing a steel strand through the sheath pipe installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and the sheath pipe installed at the unit support panel to install a fixture to the sheath pipe installed in a settling groove formed in the bodies of the horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels to settle the steel strand and install a fixture to a settling groove formed in the lower portion of the bottom portion of the unit support panel to fix the steel strand, respectively; inducing the pre-stress to the steel strand to complete an assembly of the unit breast wall panel; and filling a filler such as an inflator to an interconnecting portion of the coupler installation groove and the panels, pouring a grouting material with a low pressure into the grouting hole formed in the unit support panel to closely adhere the ground and the unit support panel to be stably supported thereon, and discharging air generated in the process of pouring through another grouting hole to the atmosphere. An object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of fabricated breast walls by using a unit breast panel capable of enabling an installation of the breast walls in winter season also since a construction time of an installation of the fabricated breast panels is reduced rather than that of a prior art mold and iron rod-concrete method, as a result, a construction cost is saved, and, especially, the panel fabricated in a plant is assembled and installed, comprising the steps of assembling and installing the unit breast panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the curved panels, in which the pre-stress is induced, fabricated in a plant depending upon the geographical features that the slopes of the cutting and the embankment are consisted of straight lines and curved lines, on the unit support panel depending upon the shapes of the slopes, and mutually assembling and installing the steel strand installed in horizontal at the panels by using a socket; connecting the front and rear surfaces connecting iron rods inserted into the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels by a coupler; installing the steel strand in the vertical sheath and assembling and installing the fabricated breast wall at the slopes by using the unit breast wall panel in which the pre-stress is induced in the steel strand, or vertically and horizontally fastening the fabricated breast wall to each other by using the coupler installed in the coupler installation groove formed in the unit breast wall panel selectively assembled and installed depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes; and, inserting the steel strand into the sheath pipe installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels to settle the steel strand in the settling groove by the fixture, and inducing the pre-stress to strengthen a shearing stress; wherein the unit breast wall panel fabricated in a plant is assembled at a construction site, and the steel strand and the vertical iron rod are interconnected to each other by using the socket and the coupler and the pre-stress is induced therein in order to strengthen the shearing stress of the breast wall.
BACKGROUND ART A prior art reinforced concrete breast wall using iron rods-concrete is consisted of a structure for securing an activity, conductivity and sustainability and maintaining a profile of the breast wall by integrally forming a footing and a wall body, disposing iron rods, and pouring and curing cement in order to support an earth pressure of a rear portion of the breast wall installed at the slopes. Describing about the prior art breast wall consisting of reinforced concrete shown in Fig. 1 , in order to resist the earth pressure acting on the rear surface of the wall body, the breast wall is constructed by integrally installing the footing and the wall body 31 on the bottom concrete poured on the ground, installing an activity support plate for resisting a sliding on the lower portion of the footing, and pouring and curing the cement. However, since an assembly of iron rods and pouring of cement of the prior art reinforced concrete breast wall in the construction site requires the completion of processes of assembling the iron rods, assembling a molding flask, installing a scaffold, pouring the cement, and curing the cement, the prior art has problems of increasing the construction cost due to a delay of the construction time, an environment pollution due to an influence of exterior weather, a generation of noises and dusts from the construction of the breast wall, and, especially, a construction interruption due to a freezing of cement poured in the winter season for installing the breast wall.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION To solve the problem, the present invention provides a construction method of fabricated breast walls comprising the steps of assembling and installing the breast wail fabricated in a plant at the construction site, and interconnecting a steel strand and a vertical iron rod by using a coupler and a socket to induce a pre-stress therein to strengthen a shearing stress of the breast wall, whereby the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is reduced in comparison with the method of pouring and curing cement after the completion of assembling iron rods and installing a molding flask, an unfaithful construction is prevented since quality guaranteed fabricated products are used, and especially, the breast wall construction is possible in the hot season and the winter season since influence from the exterior weather is less than the prior art construction. The unit breast wall panel such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels of the present invention is manufactures by using a steel molding flask, has a hexahedron shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, an interconnected section of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels has a protrusion and a groove formed along an overall section, the section having the protrusion and the groove are provided with a protrusion and a groove, individually, the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, i.e., an overall section interconnected to the unit support panel has a protrusion and a groove, and the overall section has an protrusion and a groove individually, thereby providing a double close fitting of the protrusion and the groove of the overall section and the protrusion and the groove of the individual protrusion and groove formed in the overall section when the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels are interconnected to the unit support panel, respectively; wherein the unit horizontal panel has a flat upper surface 42 and a lower surface 40 provided with a groove 44 at a center portion, a protrusion 45 and a groove 44 having a regular length are formed at both side surfaces, a plurality of horizontal sheaths 35 evenly spaced apart from each other are inserted into an upper and a lower portions of the both side surfaces, a groove 32 is formed at a certain position of a front surface 39 having a regular slope, a vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove is inserted to be extended to the lower surface 40, a drain pipe 31 passing through the front and rear surfaces 39 and 38 of the unit horizontal panel 50 is installed to be spaced apart from each other, the horizontal sheath 35 is inserted into the rear surface 38 and the groove 32 is formed at the center of the front surface to install a connecting part 37 of the steel strand, a rear surface vertical connecting iron rod 48 is inserted into the rear surface 38, and a front surface vertical connecting iron rod 47 is inserted into the front surface 39; the unit-sloped panel 60 is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel 50 except that the upper surface 42 of the unit-sloped panel has a slope 61; the unit-curved panel 70 forming a curved portion having a regular tangential angle 71 is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel 50; and the unit support panel 80 for supporting the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the ground has the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 formed at both surfaces, the horizontal sheath 35 passing through both surfaces of a rear surface upper support plate 82 and a front surface upper support plate 81 is inserted thereto, a center groove 32 is formed to make a connecting portion 37 of the steel strand, a protrusion 45 is formed at the upper portion 42, a vertical sheath 46 is passed through one side of the upper portion to be connected to the vertical sheath 46 inserted into the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and a groove 32 is formed in a lower support plate 83 to install a fixture 33, a groove is 32 formed at the both side portions of the upper portion 42 to connect the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47 inserted into the rear surface 38 and the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and insert the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47, an upper sheath 49 passing through an end portion of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and an end portion of the front surface upper support plate 81 is installed and a pair of grooves 32 are formed at the both end portions to install a fixture 33; characterized in that the breast wall 20 is assembled and installed at the slopes B by installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and the unit support panel 80 for supporting them on the ground to be conformed with the geographical features of the slopes B, then, interconnecting the steel strand installed to them by using a socket to strengthen the shearing stress, and coincidently inducing a pre-stress to the steel strand inserted into the vertical sheath, and assembling and installing the unit breast wall panel in which the pre-stress has been induced. Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the unit breast wall panel 30 such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels 50, 60, 70 and 80 in a certain manufacturing place, the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 of the unit breast wall panel 30 has a plurality of hooks 53 installed at its upper portion, a label part 23 having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the front surface 59 of the upper surface, and manufactured to form an overall shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, the front surface 59 and the rear surface 58 maintaining an even slope, an interconnected section of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels has a straight line and an individual protrusion and an individual groove therein to be inserted and connected to another protrusion and groove formed in an adjacent section, a lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, i.e., an overall section interconnected the unit support panel has a horizontal shape, the section has a groove so that the protrusion formed on the seating portion of the unit support panel is inserted and connected to the groove (not shown), a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at corners of the both side surfaces, a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at corners of the both sides of the lower surface, and coincidently a plurality of settling grooves 56 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at the center portion of the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and each sheath pipe 52 is inserted into the settling groove 56 to be passed through to the lower surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70; wherein the unit horizontal panel 50 has a horizontal upper and a lower surfaces 51 to be used when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes is formed horizontally, the unit-curved panel has a regular sloped upper surface 61, manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel, and for used when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes has sloped surfaces or stages, and the unit-curved panel 70 is manufactured to form a regular tangential angle 71 to have a curved body shape 72 at the upper and lower portions of the unit-curved panel, manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel, and for used when the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes has a certain curved shape. In addition, the unit support panel 80 installed on the ground to support the unit breast panel 30 such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 is manufactured by a steel molding flask, forms a seating portion protruded by a certain size at a 2/3 position above the bottom portion 88 to make the plurality of sheath pipes 52 pass through to the settling groove 56 of the lower portion of the bottom portion 88, forms a plurality of projections 87 evenly spaced apart from each other on the seating portion 93 and install a plurality of grouting holes 86 at a certain position of the rear bottom portion 85, install shearing keys 90 protruded from both sides of the grouting holes 86 by a certain size at the lower portion 40 of the unit support panel 80 at which the grouting hole 86 is installed, forms a vertical projection 92 and a vertical groove 95 at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80, individually install a horizontal projection 91 and a horizontal groove 94 after an interrupted portion 89 spaced apart from the vertical projection 92 and the vertical groove 95 is provided, and forms a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 having a regular size evenly spaced apart from each other at the both side surfaces of the projected seating portion 93 and the both side surfaces of the unit support panel 80. As shown in Figs 14 and 22, a construction of the fabricated breast wall is completed shown as Fig. 14 by installing the unit support panel 80 on the ground of a lower portion of the cutting and the embankment slopes at which the breast wall will be installed, and coincidently fastening the high-strength iron rods (not shown) extended into the coupler installation groove 54 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed to each other to the coupler installation groove 54 by using the coupler (not shown) to connect a serious of unit support panels 80 to each other; selectively installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes so that the projection 87 installed at the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 is inserted into the recess formed at the lower portion; then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods extended and installed in the coupler installation groove 54 installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 installed adjacent to each other by using a coupler, and then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods installed at the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 and extended and installed in the coupler installation groove 54 installed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels by using a coupler; passing and installing the steel strand through the sheath pipe 52 installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the sheath pipe 52 installed at the unit support panel 80 to install a fixture to the sheath pipe installed in a settling groove formed in the bodies of the horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50, 60, and 70 to settle the steel strand and install a fixture 55 to a settling groove 56 formed in the lower portion of the bottom portion of the unit support panel to fix the steel strand, respectively; inducing the pre-stress to the steel strand to complete an assembly of the unit breast wall panel 30; and filling a filler such as a foaming agent to a interconnecting portion of the coupler installation 54, the unit breast wall panel 30 and the panels 30, pouring a grouting material with a low pressure into the grouting hole 86 formed in the unit support panel 80 to closely adhere the ground and the unit support panel to be stably supported thereon, and discharging air generated in the process of pouring through another grouting hole 86 to the atmosphere.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS These and other features, aspects, and advantages of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more fully described in the following detailed description, taken accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art breast wall in relevant with the present invention; Fig. 2 illustrates a fabricated breast wall after using a unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention completes the construction; Fig. 3 is a perspective view for illustrating a fabricated breast wall at which the unit breast wall panel of the present invention is assembled and installed; Fig. 4 is a bottom view illustrating bottom surfaces of the unit breast wall panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; Fig. 5 illustrates a connecting portion of a steel strand installed at the bottom surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels; Fig. 6 is a side view for illustrating side surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a front view for illustrating front surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; Fig. 8 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 9 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 10 illustrates the unit support panel in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 11 is a plan view for illustrating the unit support panel shown in Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a side view for illustrating the assembled state of the unit breast panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; Fig. 13 is a front view for illustrating the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention assembled to each other; Fig. 14 illustrates a constructed fabricated breast wall that the unit breast wall panels in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention are assembled and installed to each other; Fig. 15 illustrates the unit horizontal panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 16 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 17 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 18 is an enlarged view for illustrating the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 19 is a perspective view for illustrating the unit support panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view for illustrating the unit support panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 21 illustrates a lower portion of the unit support panel shown in Fig. 19; and Fig. 22 illustrates the overall concept of constructing the fabricated breast wall through the processes of mutually assembling the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention.
BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be more apparent in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Fig. 2 illustrates a fabricated breast wall after using a unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention completes the construction. In order to install a housing complex, a road or a railroad A on a unit support panel 80, a unit horizontal panel 50, a unit-sloped panel 60 and a unit-curved panel 70 are assembled to each other to install the unit breast wall panel 30 depending upon the geographical features of slopes B of the cutting and the embankment, the unit breast wall panels 30 are vertically and horizontally interconnected to each other by using a high strength iron rod and a steel strand with a coupler and a socket to resist a shearing stress, the fabricated breast wall 20 in which the pre-stress is induced installs the unit horizontal panel 50 when an upper portion of the slope is flat, the unit-sloped panel 60 when the upper portion of the slope is sloped, and the unit-curved panel 70 when the sloped is curved, the unit horizontal panel 50 and the unit-sloped panel 60 are assembled to be conformed with the curved surface of the slope to prevent earth and sand from washing out from the slope by installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 higher than the height of the sloped surface by a certain height. In addition, the unit support panel 80 for supporting the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 may be manufactured with a small size, when the unit support panel is curved, to partially support the transition point to the curved portion of the unit-curved panel 70. A protrusion 45 and a groove 44 are engaged with each other to form a connecting portion 21 when the unit breast wall panel 30 is mutually assembled, the steel strand 34 is settled in the vertical sheath 46 installed at the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the vertical sheath 46 installed at the unit support panel 80 by using the fixture 33 installed at the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83 of the unit support panel 80, and the steel strand 34 is passed through and installed in the vertical sheath 46 to mount and tense the steel strand 34 to the fixture 33 installed in the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be securely connected to the unit support panel 80. Fig. 3 is a perspective view for illustrating a fabricated breast wall at which the unit breast wall panel of the present invention is assembled and installed; the unit support panel is installed after base concrete C is poured and cured on the ground at which the breast wall will be installed, the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 formed at the both sides of the unit support panel 80 are engaged with each other to install the connecting portion, the vertical sheath 46 is installed at a certain position of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the front surface upper support plate 81 , the steel strand 34 is installed to be put over the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the front surface upper support plate 81 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed to each other to gather the steel strand 34 in the groove 32 formed at the center of the unit support panel 80 to securely fix it by using the socket 36 to fixedly connect the unit support panel 80 adjacent to each other to strengthen the shearing stress; the steel strand 34 is settled to the fixture installed at the groove formed at the lower support plate 83 of the unit support panel in the vertical sheath 35 connected to the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and inserted into the vertical sheath to be passed through the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to tense the steel strand 34 settled to the fixture installed at the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be fixedly connected to the unit support panel 80; the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are installed with adjacent to each other, the horizontal sheath 35 is installed at the bottom surface 38, the steel strand 34 is inserted to be put over the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacently installed to each other to gather the steel strand 34 in the groove 32 passed through the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent in the groove 32 of the steel strand connecting portion 37 installed at the center of the front surface 39 to securely fix and assemble it by using the socket 36 to strengthen the shearing stress for resisting the earth pressure acting on the rear surface of the breast wall. Fig. 4 is a bottom view illustrating bottom surfaces of the unit breast wall panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are manufactured by using the steel molding flask, the high-tensile iron rod is disposed in the molding flask, the horizontal sheath 35 is installed at the rear surface with evenly spaced apart from each other, the groove 32 is formed at the center to form the steel strand connecting portion 37 to connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other by using the steel strand 34, the steel strand 34 is fixedly connected by using the socket 36 installed in the steel strand connecting portion 37 to strengthen the shearing stress for resisting the earth pressure acting on the rear surface of the breast wall; a plurality of drain pipes 31 are installed in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 with evenly spaced apart from each other; the groove 44 is formed at the lower portion 40 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to form the connecting portion 21 securely assembled to the protrusion 45 of the unit support panel 80; and a number of rear surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 made of a high-strength iron rod having a regular length are disposed in the lower portion 40, the groove 32 is installed to form the vertical iron rod connecting portion 48 for threadedly engaging with the rear surface vertical connecting iron rod 48 installed at the unit support panel 80 installed in the future at the lower portion 40 at which the connecting portion 21 is formed, thereby securely fixing to the rear surface vertical connecting iron rod 48 of the unit support panel 80 in relation with the screw engagement. Fig. 5 illustrates a connecting portion of a steel strand installed at the bottom surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels; the horizontal sheath 35 is disposed to be connected to the groove 32 installed at the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70; the horizontal sheath is installed with slightly bended to the rear surface 38 from the front surface 39 in the panel body to slightly gather inward the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to securely assemble them when it is tightened by the socket 36 after the steel strand 34 is inserted into the horizontal sheath 35 in the future, thereby strengthening the shearing stress. Fig. 6 is a side view for illustrating side surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; the front surface 39 and the rear surface 38 have a regular slope, and both side surfaces have the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other when they are assembled and connected; the groove 44 is formed at the lower portion to be connected to the unit support panel 80; the steel strand 34 is inserted into the horizontal sheath 35 installed at the side surface with evenly spaced apart from each other to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other by the steel strand 34; a plurality of drain pipes 31 are installed with evenly spaced apart from each other to discharge the underground water generated in the rear surface of the breast wall; a plurality of high-tensile iron rods are installed at the rear surface 38 and the front surface 39 to be threadedly engaged with the rear surface vertical connecting iron rod 48 and the front surface vertical connecting iron rod 47 installed at the unit support panel 80 to vertically and securely connect and fix them; and the groove 32 is formed at the both sides of the lower portion 40 to threadedly connect the iron rods. In addition, the groove 32 is installed at a certain height from the front surface 39 to install the vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove 32 to install the steel strand 34 in the vertical sheath 46 passed through and installed to the groove 32 of the lower support panel 83 of the unit support panel 80, the steel strand 34 is settled to the fixture 33 installed in the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83, then, the steel strand 34 is passed through the vertical sheath 46 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be projected in the groove 32 of the front surface 39 to be settled to the fixture, then, a tensile force is induced in the steel strand 34 to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be securely connected to the unit support panel 80, after this operation is completed, non-shrinkable mortar or epoxy etc. are filled in the groove 32 to prevent the steel strand 34 from annealing and corroding. The high-tensile front surface and rear surface vertical connecting iron rods
47 and 48 installed at the front surface 39 and the rear surface 38 are disposed to vertically install the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 at the beginning of the assembly, and also, when the earth pressure acting on the rear surface is operated after the construction is completed, since the tensile force is acted on the rear surface 38 and the compression force is acted on the front surface 39, the iron-rods are installed to effectively support them, therefore, the number of the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 is 4 ~ 10 high-tensile iron rods to resist the tensile force, preferably 6 iron rods, and the number of the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 is 2 - 5 high-tensile iron rods to resist the compression force , preferably 1/2 of the number of the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods. Fig. 7 is a front view for illustrating front surfaces of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at the side surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other when they are assembled and connected, the groove 44 is formed at the lower portion 40 to be connected to the unit support panel 80, the high-tensile iron rods are installed at the front surface 39 to be threadedly engaged with the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 installed at the unit support panel 80 to vertically and securely connect them, and the groove 32 is formed at the both sides of the lower portion 40 to threadedly connect the iron rods. In addition, the groove 32 is installed at a certain height from the front surface 39 to install the vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove 32 to install the steel strand 34 in the vertical sheath 46 passed through and installed to the groove 32 of the lower support panel 83 of the unit support panel 80, the steel strand 34 is settled to the fixture 33 installed in the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83, then, the steel strand 34 is passed through the vertical sheath 46 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be projected in the groove 32 of the front surface 39 to be settled to the fixture, then, a tensile force is induced in the steel strand 34 to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be securely connected to the unit support panel 80. The high-tensile front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 installed at the front surface 39 are disposed to vertically install the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 at the beginning of the assembly, and also, when the earth pressure acting on the rear surface is operated after the construction is completed, since the compression force is acted on the front surface 39, therefore, the number of the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 47 is 2 ~ 5 high-tensile iron rods to resist the compression force , preferably 1/2 of the number of the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods. Fig. 8 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention; the process of the disposition of the unit-curved panel 70 is the same as that of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 described in conjunction with Figs. 4 to 7 except that the unit-curved panel 70 has a tangential angle 71 to form the curved portion; and the unit-curved panel 70 is associated with the unit horizontal panel 50 or the unit-sloped panel 60 to conform with the sloped surface when the sloped surface is transformed to the curved surface from the flat surface. The tangential angle 71 has a range of 20 ~ 40°, preferably 30°. When the tangential angle 71 is 30°, the included angle in the inner portion becomes 150°, therefore, the breast wall of the sharp-curved portion such as an almost 90°right angle curved portion, also can be constructed by installing 2 unit-curved panels 70 end to end and installing the unit horizontal panel 50 or the unit-sloped panel 60 to the both sides, thereby enabling the construction of the curved breast wall by associating the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 depending upon the shape of the curved surface. Fig. 9 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention; the process of the disposition of the unit-sloped panel 60 is the same as that of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 described in conjunction with Figs. 4 to 7 except that the upper portion 42 has the sloped surface 61. The unit-sloped panel 60 has a use for an installation when the upper portion of the sloped surface B has a regular slope. The unit-sloped panel 60 makes the smooth installation of the breast wall at the sloped surface along the slope enable to provide a fine view and protect the stages of the sloped surface B. The unit-horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels 50, 60, 70 and 80 are manufactured in the plant by forming the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 in the steel molding flask to form the connecting portion 21 for securely connecting to each of the unit breast wall panel 30 adjacent to each other, disposing the high-tensile iron rods, disposing various necessary materials, and then, pouring and curing the high-strength cement. As a result, the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at both sides, when the number of unit breast panels 30 are continuously installed end to end, 2 outermost panels has one side connected to the adjacent panel and the other side exposed to an exterior to provide a poor appearance. In order to improve the external appearance, the unit breast wall panel 30 can be manufactured to have one flat side surface with no protrusion and groove by inserting a certain sized materials into the position of the steel molding flask for the unit breast panel 30 that the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 will be formed, and pouring and curing the cement. Figs. 10 and 11 are a side view and a plan view for illustrating the unit support panel shown of the present invention; the high-tensile iron-rods are disposed in the steel molding flask, the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at the both sides, the horizontal sheath 35 passing through the both sides of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the front surface upper support plate 81 is inserted into the unit support panel 70, the groove 32 is formed to form the steel strand connecting portion 37 to gather the steel strand 34 inserted into the horizontal sheath 35 of the adjacent unit support panel 80 in the groove 32 to securely connect thereto by using the socket 36 to strengthen the shearing stress, the protrusion 45 is formed at the upper portion 42 to be assembled and installed at the groove 44 of the lower portion 40 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 installed at the upper portion 42, the vertical sheath 46 is passed through to the lower support plate 83 so that the steel strand 34 inserted into the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 is passed through and connected to one side of the upper portion 42, the groove 32 is formed to install the fixture 33, the steel strand 34 inserted into the vertical sheath 46 is settled to the fixture 33 of the lower support plate 83 and inserted into the vertical sheath 46 inserted into the front surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 installed at the upper portion 42 of the unit support panel 80 to be settled to the fixture 33 of the groove 32, and then, the pre-stress is induce in the steel strand, the groove 32 is formed at both sides of the upper portion 42 to be connected to the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47 inserted into the rear surface 38 and the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47 are inserted and installed to be threadedly engaged, the upper sheath 49 passing through the end portion of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the end portion of the front surface upper support plate 81 is installed and the groove 32 is formed to install the fixture 33, the steel strand 34 passing through the horizontal sheath 35 is settled to the fixture of one side, and the fixture 33 of the other side induce the tensile force to the steel strand 34 to induce the pre-stress in the unit support panel 80. Fig. 12 is a side view for illustrating the assembled state of the unit breast panel consisting of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a front view for illustrating the unit breast wall panel in accordance with the present invention assembled to each other; the detailed description is omitted since the assembly of the unit breast wall panels has been described, however, the process of construction of the fabricated breast wall 20 by assembling the unit breast wall panel 30 will be described as follows. The method of constructing the fabricated breast wall on the slope B comprises the steps of: arranging the ground where the breast wall will be constructed; pouring base concrete C on the ground; assembling and installing the unit support panel 80 fabricated in a plant on the base concrete C; inserting the steel strand 34 into the vertical sheath 46 connected to the groove 32 of the lower support plate 82 of the unit support panel 80 to extend to the upper portion 42, and inserting the steel strand 34 into the horizontal sheath 35 installed at the unit support panel 80 installed adjacent to the unit support panel 80 and the front surface and the rear surface upper support plates 81 and 82 to securely connect the both steel strands 34 gathered in the steel strand connecting portion 37 by using the socket 36 to strengthen the shearing stress; installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 to fit the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 with each other depending upon the geographical features of the slope B to form the connecting portion 21 , threadedly engaging the vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47 installed at the rear surface 38 and the front surface 39 and the vertical connecting iron rods 48 and 47 installed at the rear surface and the front surface installed at the upper portion 42 of the unit support panel 80 in the groove 32 by using the coupler, and passing the steel strand 34 in the vertical sheath 46 installed at the groove 32 formed at the lower support plate 83 through the vertical sheath 46 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 installed at the upper portion 42 to settle the steel strand 34 to the fixture 33 installed at the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39; inserting the steel strand 34 into the horizontal sheath 35 installed at the both sides of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and tightening the steel strand 34 gathered in the groove 32 formed at the front surface 39 by using the socket 36 to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacent to each other to strengthen the shearing stress for resisting the earth pressure acting on the rear surface of the breast wall; installing the upper sheath 49 passing through the end portion of the rear surface upper support plate 82 and the end portion of the front surface upper support plate 81 of the unit support panel 80, forming the groove 32 at the both ends, installing the fixture 33 to pass the steel strand 34 through the upper sheath 49, then, settling to the fixture of the other side and inducing the tensile force to the steel strand 34 from the fixture 33 of the other side to induce the pre-stress in the unit support panel 80; tensing the steel strand 34 settled in the groove 32 of the front surface 39 of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70; and filling non-shrinkable concrete and epoxy in the groove 44 and the connecting portion 21 formed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the unit support panel 80. On the other hand, after the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are assembled and installed at the construction site, the steel strands installed at the panels are gathered in one position to be tightened by the socket to be securely assembled and installed, and the front surface and the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods inserted in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the unit support panel 80 is connected by the coupler to increase the shearing stress, the pre-stress is induced in each of the unit breast wall panels to strengthen the shearing stress for increasing the resisting force of the designed breast wall. The construction methods of coincidently accomplishing these processes, interconnecting the steel strand installed at the unit breast wall panels by the socket only and not inducing the pre-stress, or, inducing the pre-stress only, disposing the iron rods only to do not interconnect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the unit support panel 80 can be selectively employed depending upon given conditions of the construction site such as the height of the cutting slope or the sloped angle, etc. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Fig. 14 illustrates a constructed fabricated breast wall that the unit breast wall panels in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention are assembled and installed to each other; in order to install a housing complex, a road or a railroad A on a unit support panel 80, a unit horizontal panel 50, a unit-sloped panel 60 and a unit-curved panel 70 are assembled to each other to install the unit breast wall panel 30 depending upon the geographical features of slopes B of the cutting and the embankment, the unit breast wall panels 30 are vertically and horizontally interconnected to each other by using a high strength iron rod and a steel strand with a coupler, the steel strand is passed through the sheath pipe 52 installed at the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and the sheath pipe 52 installed in the unit support panel 80 to settle to the fixture 55 to induce the pre-stress in the fabricated breast wall 20, the fabricated breast wall 20 in which the pre-stress is induced installs the unit horizontal panel 50 when an upper portion of the slope B of the cutting and the embankment is flat, the unit-sloped panel 60 when the upper portion of the slope is sloped, and the unit-curved panel 70 when the sloped is curved, the unit horizontal panel 50 and the unit-sloped panel 60 are assembled to be conformed with the curved surface of the slope to prevent earth and sand from washing out from the slope by installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 higher than the height of the sloped surface by a certain height. In addition, the unit support panel 80 for supporting the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 may be manufactured with a small size, when the unit support panel is curved, to partially support the transition point to the curved portion of the breast wall panel. Fig. 15 illustrates the unit horizontal panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; the unit horizontal panel 50 is manufactured in a certain manufacturing place such as a plant by using the steel molding flask, the high-strength iron rods are disposed in the steel molding flask to install the iron rod frame for forming the breast wall, and the cement is poured into the molding flask; the unit horizontal panel 50 has a plurality of hooks 53 installed at its upper portion, a label part 23 having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the front surface 59 of the upper surface, and manufactured to form an overall shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, the front surface 59 and the rear surface 58 maintaining an even slope, a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at corners of the front surface and the rear surface, a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at corners of the front surface and the rear surface of the lower surface, and coincidently a plurality of recesses evenly spaced apart from each other are formed at the lower portion, the settling grooves 56 evenly spaced apart from each other are installed at the center portion of the bodies of the unit horizontal panel 50, and each sheath pipe 52 is inserted into the settling groove 56 to be passed through to the lower surface of the unit horizontal panel 50. The unit horizontal panel 50 is manufactured to have the flat upper and lower surfaces 51 , and for use when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes has a flat surface. The high-strength iron rods in the coupler installation groove 54 are extended and installed to be used to interconnect the unit breast wall panels 30 adjacent to each other in the future. The hooks 53 are installed to facilitate a conveyance and an installation of the unit horizontal panel when the panel as a heavyweight material is installed, closely connect the unit horizontal panels when the epoxy etc. is applied in the groove 44 and the protrusion 45, as a vertical shearing key, formed at the both side surfaces of the unit horizontal panel to interconnect another unit horizontal panel 50 adjacent to each other, and function as a guide and maintain a vertical state when the relative hanging by the earth pressure is controlled and the wall body is installed. Fig. 16 illustrates the unit-sloped panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; the unit-sloped panel 60 is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel shown in Fig. 15 except that the upper surface of the unit-sloped panel is formed to have a regular sloped surface 61. The unit-sloped panel is for use when the upper ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes has slopes and stages. Fig. 17 illustrates the unit-curved panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; the unit-curved panel 70 is manufactured by the same process as the unit horizontal panel shown in Fig. 15 except that the upper surface of the unit-sloped panel is formed to have a regular tangential angle 71 to form the curved body shape of the unit-curved panel, the upper and lower surfaces of the unit-curved panel has a curved portion 72, and the unit-curved panel is for use when the cutting and the embankment slopes have regularly curved geographical features. The unit-curved panel 70 and the unit horizontal panel 50 or the unit-sloped panel 60 are associated with each other depending upon the curved surface to conform with the curved surface of the cutting and the embankment slopes when the geographical features are transformed to curved surface from the flat surface. The tangential angle has a range of 5 ~ 40°. Fig. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view for illustrating the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention; the enlarged cross-section 57 is a view for illustrating a cross-section of the upper portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and the enlarged cross-section 57 is a portion for facilitating an installation of a handrail or a soundproofed wall when the hand rail or the soundproofed wall is installed at the upper portion of the wall body of the fabricated breast wall installed at the cutting and the embankment slopes. Figs. 19 and 20 are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view for illustrating the unit support panel as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention; the unit support panel 80 installed on the ground to support the unit breast panel 30 such as the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 is manufactured by a steel molding flask, forms a seating portion 93 protruded by a certain height and area at a certain position above the bottom portion 88 to make the plurality of sheath pipes 52 pass through to the settling groove 56 of the lower portion of the bottom portion 88, forms a plurality of projections 87 evenly spaced apart from each other on the seating portion 93 and install a plurality of grouting holes 86 at a certain position of the rear bottom portion 85, install shearing keys 90 protruded from both sides of the grouting holes 86 by a certain size at the lower portion 40 of the unit support panel 80 at which the grouting hole 86 is installed, forms a vertical projection 92 and a vertical groove 95 at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 to form the vertical projection 92 at one side and the vertical groove 95 at the other side, individually install a horizontal projection 91 and a horizontal groove 94 after an interrupted portion 89 spaced apart from the vertical projection 92 and the vertical groove 95 is provided, and forms a plurality of coupler installation grooves 54 having a regular size evenly spaced apart from each other at the both side surfaces of the projected seating portion 93 and the both side surfaces of the unit support panel 80. The protruded seating portion 93 has a predetermined area for enabling the installation of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and a plurality of projections 87 are formed at the seating portion 93 so that the projections 87 of the seating portion 93 and the recesses formed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are closely fitted to each other when the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are installed at the seating portion 93. The plurality of sheath pipes 52 in the seating portion 93 are installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be interconnected to the sheath pipes 52 passed through to the lower surface of the panel 30 to pass the steel strand there through to settle the steel strand to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and another steel strand is installed at the settling groove 56 of the lower portion 40 of the unit support panel 80 to be settled to the fixture 55 installed at the groove 56. After the unit support panel 80 is installed on the ground and the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 are installed on the unit support panel to complete the assembly of the breast wall, the grouting material is injected into a plurality of grouting hole 86 formed at the predetermined position of the rear bottom portion 85 with a low pressure to closely adhere the lower surface of the unit support panel to the ground to strengthen the supporting force, and another grouting hole 86 is formed to provide a passageway from which air between the ground and the lower surface of the unit support panel is discharged when the grouting material is injected with a low pressure. If the air does not eliminated, the unit support panel will be come off the ground to decrease the supporting force. The shearing key 90 protruded from the both sides of the plurality of grouting holes 86 is installed at the lower portion of the unit support panel 80 to strongly resist the earth pressure to prevent the fabricated breast wall 20 from sliding since the shearing key is buried in the ground. Because the shearing key and the lower portion of the unit support panel adjacent to the shearing key should be closely adhered to the ground, the grouting holes 86 should be installed at the center portion of the shearing key. Though the lower bottom surface of the unit support panel without the shearing key is buried in the ground, the grouting material may be injected through the grouting hole to closely adhere the lower bottom surface and the ground to strengthen the supporting force. The vertical projection 92 or the vertical groove 95 is formed at the lower portion of the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80, the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 are individually installed after the interrupted portions 89 are provided at both sides of the vertical projection 92 or the vertical groove 95 with spaced apart from each other to function as a guide for maintaining a horizontal state and to resist an irregular subsidence when the unit support panel is installed on the ground. The predetermined interrupted portion 89 is formed by cutting the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 by a certain length so that the vertical projection 92 and the vertical groove 95, and the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 does not crossed at the both sides of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80, when the heights of the unit support panels 80 are different from each other due to the stages of the ground, the vertical projection 92 and the vertical groove 95, and the horizontal projection 91 and the horizontal groove 94 installed at the both sides of the unit support panels 80 installed adjacent to each other become to do not overlap to closely adhere the unit support panels 80. Fig. 21 illustrates a lower portion of the unit support panel shown in Fig. 19; as shown, the plurality of grouting holes 86 are located at the predetermined position of the rear bottom portion 85 and between the shearing keys 90, one of the grouting hole 86 serves to inject the grouting material for closely adhering the lower portion of the unit horizontal panel to the ground to strengthen the supporting force, and another one of the grouting holes provides a passageway discharging air between the ground and the lower portion of the unit support panel when the grouting material is injected into the grouting hole with a low pressure. In addition, the shearing key 90 protruded from the both sides of the plurality of grouting holes 86 is installed at the lower portion of the unit support panel 80 to strongly resist the earth pressure to prevent the fabricated breast wall 20 from sliding since the shearing key is buried in the ground. Because the shearing key and the lower portion of the unit support panel adjacent to the shearing key should be closely adhered to the ground, the grouting holes 86 should be installed at the center portion of the shearing key. Fig. 22 illustrates the overall concept of constructing the fabricated breast wall through the processes of mutually assembling the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast wall panel of another embodiment of the present invention; a construction of the fabricated breast wall is completed by installing the unit support panel 80 on the ground of a lower portion of the cutting and the embankment slopes at which the breast wall 20 will be installed, and coincidently fastening the high-strength iron rods extended into the coupler installation groove 54 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed to each other to the coupler installation groove 54 by using the coupler to connect a serious of unit support panels to each other; selectively installing the unit horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50. 60 and 70 on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features of the cutting and the embankment slopes so that the projection 87 installed at the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 is inserted into the recess formed at the lower portion; then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods extended and installed in the coupler installation groove 54 installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 installed adjacent to each other by using a coupler, and then, individually fastening and connecting the high-strength iron rods installed at the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel and extended and installed in the coupler installation groove 54 installed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 by using a coupler; passing and installing the steel strand through the sheath pipe 52 installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 and the sheath pipe 52 installed at the unit support panel 80 to install a fixture 55 to the sheath pipe 52 installed in a settling groove 56 formed in the bodies of the horizontal, the sloped and the curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to settle the steel strand and install a fixture 55 to a settling groove 56 formed in the lower portion of the bottom portion of the unit support panel to fix the steel strand, respectively; inducing the pre-stress to the steel strand to complete an assembly of the unit breast wall panel 30; and filling a filler such as a foaming agent to a interconnecting portion of the coupler installation 54 and the unit breast wall panels 30, pouring a grouting material with a low pressure into the grouting hole 86 formed in the unit support panel 80 to closely adhere the ground and the unit support panel 80 to be stably supported thereon, and discharging air generated in the process of pouring through another grouting hole to the atmosphere. The unit-horizontal, the unit-sloped, the unit-curved and the unit support panels 50, 60, 70 and 80 are manufactured in the plant by forming the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 in the steel molding flask to form the connecting portion 21 for securely connecting to each of the unit breast wall panel 30 adjacent to each other, disposing the high-tensile iron rods, disposing various necessary materials, and then, pouring and curing the high-strength cement. As a result, the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 are formed at both sides, when the number of unit breast panels 30 are continuously installed end to end, 2 outermost panels has one side connected to the adjacent panel and the other side exposed to an exterior to provide a poor appearance. In order to improve the external appearance, the unit breast wall panel 30 can be manufactured to have one flat side surface with no protrusion and groove by inserting a certain sized materials into the position of the steel molding flask for the unit breast panel 30 that the protrusion 45 and the groove 44 will be formed, and pouring and curing the cement. The method of constructing the fabricated breast wall 20 by assembling the unit breast panel 30 comprises the steps of: arranging the ground where the breast wall will be constructed; installing the unit support panel 80 fabricated in the plant on the ground, inserting the steel strand into the sheath pipe 52 installed at the settling groove formed at the lower portion of the unit support panel 80 to extend to the seating portion 93, and closely assembling with the horizontal shearing key 96 installed with adjacent to each other to interconnect the high-strength iron rods installed in the coupler installation groove 54 of the unit support panel 80 adjacently installed thereto with the coupler; inserting the projection 87 of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 into the recess formed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 on the unit support panel 80 depending upon the geographical features of the slope B, and passing the steel strand protruded from the seating portion 93 through the sheath pipe 52 installed in the bodies of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 to be projected from the settling groove 56 installed in the bodies; interconnecting the high-strength iron rods to fix by using the coupler installation groove 54 and the coupler of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 adjacently installed to each other, and conforming the coupler installation groove 54 installed at the lower po ion of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70 with the coupler installation 54 installed at the both corners of the seating portion 93 of the unit support panel 80 to interconnect the high-strength iron rods installed in the coupler installation groove 54 by using the coupler; filling fillers such as an inflator into the connecting portion in which the coupler installation groove 54 and the unit breast wall panel to be closely fitted to each other; injecting the grouting material into the grouting hole formed at the unit support panel 80 to closely adhere the lower portion of the unit support panel to the ground; and inducing the pre-stress in the steel strand installed in the sheath pipe 52 to settle the steel strand to the fixture 55 installed in the settling groove 56 of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50, 60 and 70, and filling the settling groove 56 with the filler.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides a economic and effective method of constructing the breast wall capable of increasing the shearing stress by assembling the unit breast wall panel fabricated through the quality management in the plant depending upon the geographical features of the slope and connecting the high-strength iron rods with the coupler, resisting the earth pressure acting on the breast wall by inducing the pre-stress in the steel strand inserted into the sheath to install the pre-stressed unit breast wall panel and securely connecting the unit breast wall panel adjacent to each other, reducing a consumption quantity of the iron rod and the concrete since the pre-stress is induced to reduce the area, freely installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels 50,
60 and 70 depending upon the geographical features of the slope along the radius of curvature, and enabling the construction of winter season and the hottest season by installing the breast wall regardless of influence of the exterior temperature.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to a unit horizontal, a unit-sloped and a unit-curved panels to induce a pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, characterized in that base concrete is poured on the ground, the unit support panel is installed on the base concrete, the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels are selectively assembled and interconnected on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features to induce the pre-stress.
2. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 1 , characterized in that a plurality of drain pipes are installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, a front surface and a rear surface have a predetermined slope to form a shape of upper-narrow and lower-wide, and a protrusion and a groove are formed at the bodies of the both sides and the lower portion and another protrusion and groove are formed at the protrusion and the groove of the both sides.
3. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of high-tensile front surface vertical connecting iron rods are installed at the front surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to threadedly engage with a front surface vertical connecting iron rods installed at the unit support panel to vertically and securely connect the iron rods, a groove is formed at the both sides of the lower portion to threadedly engage these iron rods, a groove is formed at the predetermined height of the front surface to install a vertical sheath connected to the groove to install the steel strand in the vertical sheath passed through to the groove of the lower support plate of the unit support panel, and the steel strand is settled to a fixture installed in the groove formed at the lower support plate to pass the steel strand through the vertical sheath of the unit horizontal and the unit-sloped panels to protrude from the groove of the front surface to settle to the fixture to induce the pre-stress in the steel strand to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal and the unit-sloped panels.
4. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 2, characterized in that horizontal sheaths are installed at the rear surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels with spaced apart from each other to form a groove at a center portion to form a steel strand connecting portion to connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels adjacent to each other with the steel strand in the future to securely connect the steel strand by using a socket installed in the steel strand connecting portion to strengthen the shearing stress, and a plurality of rear surface vertical connecting iron rods having a regular size and a high-strength are disposed at the lower portion to form a groove for a vertical iron rod connecting portion for threadedly engaging with the rear surface vertical connecting iron rod installed at the unit support panel.
5. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the number of the front surface and the rear surface vertical connecting iron rods have respectively a range of 2 ~ 5 and 4 ~ 10, and they are made of high-tensile iron rods.
6. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 1 , characterized in that the unit support panel has a protrusion and a groove at the both sides to bury a vertical sheath passing through the both surfaces of the rear surface upper support plate and the front surface upper support plate, a groove is formed at a center to form a steel strand connecting portion to gather the steel strand inserted into the vertical sheath of the adjacent unit support panel to fixedly connect the steel strand by using a socket, the protrusion is formed at the upper portion to be assembled to the groove of the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels installed at the upper portion, the vertical sheath is passed through to the lower support plate so that the steel strand inserted in the vertical sheath buried in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels is passed through to one side of the upper portion to form the groove to install the fixture to be inserted in the vertical sheath buried in the front surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels installed on the unit support panel to be settled to the fixture in the groove to induce the pre-stress, a groove is formed at the both sides of the upper portion to connect the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods buried in the rear surface and the front surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to bury and install the rear surface and the front surface vertical connecting iron rods to be threadedly engaged by using the coupler, an upper sheath passing through the end portions of the rear surface upper support plate and the end portion of the front surface upper support plate is installed, grooves are formed at the both ends to install the fixture to pass the steel strand through the upper sheath to be settled to the fixture at one side to induce the tensile force at the other side to induce the pre-stress in the unit support panel.
7. A method of constructing a fabricated breast wall on slopes of cutting and embankment in order to install a housing complex, a railroad and a road comprises the steps of: a) arranging the ground where the breast wall will be constructed; b) pouring base concrete on the ground; c) assembling and installing the unit support panel fabricated in a plant on the base concrete; d) inserting a steel strand into a vertical sheath connected to a groove of a lower support plate of the unit support panel to extend to an upper portion, and inserting the steel strand into the horizontal sheath installed at the unit support panel installed adjacent to the unit support panel and the front surface and the rear surface upper support plates and to securely connect the both steel strands gathered in the steel strand connecting portion by using a socket to strengthen a shearing stress; e) installing the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels on the unit support panel to fit the protrusion and the groove with each other depending upon the geographical features of the slope to form the connecting portion , threadedly engaging vertical connecting iron rods installed at the rear surface and the front surface and the vertical connecting iron rods installed at the rear surface and the front surface installed at the upper portion of the unit support panel in the groove by using a coupler, and passing the steel strand in the vertical sheath installed at the groove formed at the lower support plate through the vertical sheath of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels installed at the upper portion to settle the steel strand to the fixture installed at the groove formed at the front surface; f) inserting the steel strand into the horizontal sheath installed at the both sides of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, and tightening the steel strand gathered in the groove formed at the front surface by using the socket to securely connect the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels adjacent to each other to strengthen the shearing stress; g) installing the upper sheath passing through the end portion of the rear surface upper support plate and the end portion of the front surface upper support plate of the unit support panel, forming the groove at the both ends, installing the fixture to pass the steel strand through the upper sheath, then, settling to the fixture of the other side and inducing the tensile force to the steel strand from the fixture of the other side to induce the pre-stress in the unit support panel; h) tensing the steel strand settled in the groove of the front surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels; and i) filling non-shrinkable concrete and epoxy in the groove and the connecting portion formed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and the unit support panel.
8. A fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, characterized in that base concrete is poured on the ground, the unit support panel is installed on the base concrete, a unit horizontal, a unit-sloped and a unit-curved panels are selectively assembled and interconnected on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features to interconnect the high-strength iron rods installed at the coupler installation groove installed at the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels as the unit breast panel by using the coupler and insert and settle the steel strand in the sheath pipe installed in the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels and the unit support panel to induce the pre-stress to strengthen the shearing stress.
9. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 8, characterized in that a plurality of hooks are installed at the upper portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, a label part having a certain pattern and a mark for guaranteeing quality is attached to a regular position of the upper surface, the high-strength iron rods are disposed and the high-strength concrete is poured and cured to form an overall shape of upper narrow and lower wide, the upper surface has the plurality of hooks, the front surface and the rear surface maintain a regular slope and have a groove and a protrusion at the both sides, a number of coupler installation grooves are formed at the front surface and the rear surface of the both sides with evenly spaced apart from each other, a number of coupler installation grooves are also formed at the front surface and the rear surface of the lower portion with evenly spaced apart from each other, coincidently forming a plurality of recesses at the lower surface with spaced apart from each other, settling grooves are installed at the center portion of the bodies of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels with spaced apart from each other to insert the sheath pipes into the settling grooves, respectively, to be passed through to the lower surface of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels.
10. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the unit-sloped panel is manufactured to form the upper surface having a regular slope, and the unit-curved panel is manufactured to form the regular curved body having a tangential angle of 5 ~ 40 degree.
11. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 8, characterized in that the unit support panel is manufactured at a plant by disposing the high-strength iron rods in a steel molding flask and pouring the high-strength concrete into the steel molding flask, a protruded seating portion having a certain height and area is formed at a certain position of the upper portion of the bottom portion, a plurality of sheath pipes in the seating portion is passed through to the settling groove of the lower portion of the bottom portion, a plurality of projections are formed at the upper portion of the seating portion with evenly spaced apart from each other, a plurality of grouting holes are formed at a certain position of the rear bottom portion, shearing keys having a regular size are installed at the lower portion, respectively, a vertical projection and a vertical groove are individually formed at the lower portions of the both sides of the seating portion of the unit support panel, interrupted parts spaced apart from each other are provided at the both sides of the vertical projection and the vertical groove to install a horizontal projection and a horizontal groove, respectively, and a plurality of coupler installation grooves having a regular size spaced apart from each other are formed at the both corners of the protruded seating portion and the both sides of the unit support panel.
12. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 11 , characterized in that one of the plurality of grouting holes is for use of injecting grouting material to closely adhere the lower portion of the unit support panel to the ground, another one of the grouting holes is for use of providing a passageway for discharging air between the ground and the lower portion of the unit support panel when the grouting material is injected.
13. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 11 , characterized in that a horizontal projection 91 and a horizontal groove 94 are individually installed after an interrupted portion spaced apart from the vertical projection and the vertical groove is provided so that the vertical projection and the vertical groove, and the horizontal projection and the horizontal groove installed at the both sides of each of the adjacently installed unit support panel does not crossed to closely adhere the unit support panels 80, when the heights of the unit support panels are different from each other due to the stages of the ground.
14. The fabricated breast wall installed at slopes of cutting and embankment, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 8, characterized in that an enlarged cross-section having a regular area installed at the upper body of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels is for use of installing a soundproofed wall or a handrail at the coupler tension fabricated breast wall installed by assembling the horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels.
15. A method of constructing fabricated breast wall by assembling unit breast panel, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to a unit horizontal, a unit-sloped and a unit-curved panels to induce a pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: a) arranging the ground where the breast wall will be constructed; b) installing the unit support panel fabricated in the plant on the ground, inserting the steel strand into the sheath pipe installed at a settling groove formed at the lower portion of the unit support panel to extend to a seating portion, and closely assembling with a horizontal shearing key installed with adjacent to each other to interconnect high-strength iron rods installed in a coupler installation groove of the unit support panel adjacently installed thereto with the coupler; c) inserting a projection of the seating portion of the unit support panel into a recess formed at the lower portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels on the unit support panel depending upon the geographical features of the slope, and passing the steel strand protruded from the seating portion through the sheath pipe installed in the bodies of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to be projected from the settling groove installed in the bodies; d) interconnecting the high-strength iron rods to fix by using the coupler installation groove and the coupler of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels adjacently installed to each other, and conforming the coupler installation groove installed at the lower portion of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels with the coupler installation installed at the both corners of the seating portion of the unit support panel to interconnect the high-strength iron rods installed in the coupler installation groove by using the coupler; e) filling fillers such as an inflator into the connecting portion in which the coupler installation groove and the unit breast wall panel to be closely fitted to each other; f) injecting grouting material into a grouting hole formed at the unit support panel to closely adhere the lower portion of the unit support panel to the ground; and g) inducing the pre-stress in the steel strand installed in the sheath pipe to settle the steel strand to the fixture installed in the settling groove of unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels, and filling the settling groove with the filler.
16. The method of constructing the fabricated breast wall by assembling the unit breast panel, wherein unit support panels continuously installed on the ground of the cutting and the embankment slopes are vertically and horizontally interconnected to the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels to induce the pre-stress in a steel strand installed in bodies of the panels, according to claim 15, characterized in that the method further comprises the step of installing an enlarged cross-section for installing a soundproofed wall or a handrail at the upper portion of the unit horizontal, the unit-sloped and the unit-curved panels after the coupler tension fabricated breast wall is installed.
PCT/KR2004/001873 2004-05-03 2004-07-26 Fabricated breast walls in which a pre-stress is induced in steel strands installed in a body and a construction method thereof WO2005106136A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2004-0031027 2004-05-03
KR20040031027A KR100653865B1 (en) 2004-05-03 2004-05-03 Coupler tension type fabricated retaining wall built by connecting high intensity reinforcing bars installed in the retaining wall panel unit by coupler and prestressing those bars, and constructing method thereof

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CN102619198A (en) * 2012-05-03 2012-08-01 重庆大学 Sub-dam construction method of tailing dam and prefabricated member for method
WO2014150222A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Utility Concrete Products, Llc Precast concrete retaining wall
JP2016156147A (en) * 2015-02-23 2016-09-01 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Construction method of anti-gigantic tsunami seacoast earth structure with highly rigid geosynthetic reinforced earth retaining wall having rigid integral wall surface
CN111300603A (en) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-19 王若文 Concave round head pile manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method

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KR100803783B1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-02-15 청호산업 주식회사 A Assembly side wall block
CN104060597B (en) * 2014-06-23 2016-08-24 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 The analytical algorithm of retaining structure soil pressure

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KR20030044940A (en) * 2003-04-03 2003-06-09 주식회사 시티기술단 Retaining wall structure composed of retaining-wall panel unit prestressed under interconnecting high intensity reinforcing rod installed in the panel unit with couplers so as to resist section strength and constructing method thereof

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US4798499A (en) * 1985-05-17 1989-01-17 Kensetsukiso Engineering Co., Ltd. Retaining panel
JPH0312940U (en) * 1989-06-12 1991-02-08
JPH10176338A (en) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-30 Haneda Concrete Kogyo Kk Construction method of l type retaining wall
KR20030044940A (en) * 2003-04-03 2003-06-09 주식회사 시티기술단 Retaining wall structure composed of retaining-wall panel unit prestressed under interconnecting high intensity reinforcing rod installed in the panel unit with couplers so as to resist section strength and constructing method thereof

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102619198A (en) * 2012-05-03 2012-08-01 重庆大学 Sub-dam construction method of tailing dam and prefabricated member for method
WO2014150222A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Utility Concrete Products, Llc Precast concrete retaining wall
JP2016515173A (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-05-26 ユーティリティ コンクリート プロダクツ,エルエルシー Precast concrete retaining wall
JP2016156147A (en) * 2015-02-23 2016-09-01 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Construction method of anti-gigantic tsunami seacoast earth structure with highly rigid geosynthetic reinforced earth retaining wall having rigid integral wall surface
CN111300603A (en) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-19 王若文 Concave round head pile manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method
CN111300603B (en) * 2020-02-19 2021-06-29 江西省华群建设工程有限公司 Concave round head pile manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method

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