WO2005104084A2 - Systems and methods for selecting a white point for image displays - Google Patents

Systems and methods for selecting a white point for image displays Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005104084A2
WO2005104084A2 PCT/US2005/009536 US2005009536W WO2005104084A2 WO 2005104084 A2 WO2005104084 A2 WO 2005104084A2 US 2005009536 W US2005009536 W US 2005009536W WO 2005104084 A2 WO2005104084 A2 WO 2005104084A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
white point
display
image data
white
color
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Ceased
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PCT/US2005/009536
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2005104084A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Francis Higgins
Elliot Candice Hellen Brown
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Clairvoyante Inc
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Clairvoyante Inc
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Priority to CN2005800102786A priority Critical patent/CN101517633B/zh
Publication of WO2005104084A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005104084A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2005104084A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005104084A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed

Definitions

  • the present application is related to the field of converting input image data set to another image data set.
  • a method and system for converting image data from a first white point of a display to a second white point comprise solving for the weighting coefficients that relate the first white point coefficients and said second white point; mapping color values utilizing said first white point, said color values derivable from said weighting coefficients, into another set of color values and converting input image data into output image data in using said mapping.
  • a method and system for changing the chromaticity triangle calculations for input image data are given.
  • the steps of said method and system comprise converting input image data to a first color space, said first color space having substantially the same white point as the display and calculating the chromaticity triangle of the converted input image data.
  • a method and system of calculating chromaticity triangles of input image data are given. The steps of said method comprising: constructing a plurality of Boolean tests to determine the chromaticity triangle of any input image data and applying a correction for said Boolean tests depending upon the desired white point of the display.
  • FIG. 1 is a chromaticity diagram showing measurements of an RGBW display.
  • FIG. 2 is a chromaticity diagram showing several common standard white-points.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing two chromaticity triangles comprising two different white points respectively.
  • FIG. 4 shows a slice through the RGB color cube.
  • FIG. 5 shows a corrected slice through the RGB color cube.
  • the present embodiments and techniques are applicable to a full range of image displays - in particular, multi-primary displays, RGBW displays, as well as RGB primary displays.
  • these systems typically use conversion matrices, and changing such matrices may effect a change in the white point of a display — without the need for an expensive change in the backlight.
  • the difference between the measured and desired white point of a display could potentially introduce errors into chromaticity triangle number calculation. This might result in the wrong conversion being applied to some input colors.
  • the present invention described herein substantially corrects for this error, as will be disclosed below.
  • Figure 1 depicts a standard chromaticity diagram wherein envelope 102 represents the spectral locus and the "line of purples" that encloses all the observable colors.
  • envelope 102 represents the spectral locus and the "line of purples" that encloses all the observable colors.
  • a triangular region 104 represents a typical momtor gamut which encloses all of the colors that might be displayable by a monitor, television or some other image rendering device.
  • the region 104 is depicted here as triangular ⁇ primarily assuming that the image display device employs three primary color points: red 106, green 108, and blue 110 apart from a white subpixel.
  • AW white point 112
  • SW white point
  • white point 116 e.g. D65
  • these three different white points may each be used for different purposes. For one example, a white point may be desired because it is the assumed white point of the input image data. This white point may be different from the measured white point of the image display.
  • Equation 1 may be used to solve for the values of the C r C g , and C w weighting coefficients, then these may be used with the primary chromaticity values to create an equation to convert RGBW values into CIE XYZ tri-stimulus values. For a multi-primary system with more primaries, there would simply be more "columns" in the equation.
  • Equation 1 is a matrix with only one column in it, but it is derived from a matrix with a separate column for each primary.
  • Equation 1 uses the measured SW chromaticity of the white sub pixel and the measured AW tri-stimulus values of the white point.
  • equation 1 may suffice as a starting point to build the conversion matrices. For example, using the measured chromaticity values from an RGBW panel in equation 1, when sRGB (255,255,255) is the input color, one example might produce an RGBW color of (176,186,451,451). This is out of gamut, so gamut clamping or scaling may be used to bring it back into range. The result after this step is (99,105,255,255). If this particular panel was known to have a very "warm” or yellow white point, then this conversion may work by leaving the white and blue sub-pixels on full while decreasing the red and green sub-pixel values.
  • Equation 3 The matrix in equation 3 may be generated using a standard set of chromaticity values and the D65 white point. It is also possible to re-calculate a conversion matrix that assumes a different white point and use that instead of the standard matrix. Below the steps that suffice are shown:
  • Equation 4 the matrix of standard chromaticity values for sRGB can be inverted and multiplied by the D50 CIE XYZ vector, for example, to produce the vector of weighting coefficients in one step.
  • Equation 5 these weighting coefficients are inserted into the matrix of chromaticity values to produce a conversion matrix in another step.
  • This matrix its values shown in Equation 6, will convert sRGB values to CIE XYZ tri-stimulus values with the assumption that sRGB white will map to a desired white point, e.g. D50.
  • the matrix from Equation 6 may be used instead of the standard matrix from Equation 3.
  • the result is a set of conversion matrices that convert sRGB to the multi-primary display with the colors modified to have the D50 white point.
  • This process may be done with any desired white point.
  • D50 is a "warmer” white point than the standard D65 white point.
  • D75 is "cooler” than D65
  • D55 is between D50 and D65 in color temperature
  • Illuminant E and K are both cooler than D75, etc.
  • the conversion matrices for a list of standard white points, for example the ones listed above, could be pre-calculated and stored in a ROM or other computer storage device.
  • the user selects from a list of white points by name. Selecting one causes the monitor to switch to the corresponding set of matrices and all images displayed become "warmer” or "cooler". Alternatively the matrices can be calculated based on the black body temperature of the white point. A list of color temperatures could be displayed for the user to select from. If enough matrices are pre-calculated at small enough steps, the user interface could give the illusion that the white point temperature can be changed continuously. Finally, if the display system has enough processing power to re-calculate the matrices on the fly, the user interface can in fact calculate a new set of conversion matrices every time the color temperature is changed.
  • multi-primary conversion may employ determining which chromaticity triangle an input color lies in and using a different conversion matrix for each triangle.
  • Figure 3 shows one example of a plurality of chromaticity triangles that are based on two separate white points (302 and 304) and two color primaries.
  • white point 302 could represent the measured white point while white point 304 might represent the desired white point.
  • One way of determining the chromaticity triangle is to convert input colors to a separate chroma/luma colorspace, calculate the hue angle, and look the triangle number up in a table. However, if the white point of the display (e.g 302) is different from the white point of the input data (e.g.
  • color point 306 might be construed as being contained within the triangle defined by white point 304 and color primaries 106 and 108; whereas with white point 302, color point 306 would now be construed as being contained within the triangle defined by white point 302 and color primaries 106 and 110.
  • One embodiment would be to convert the input colors to a different color space that has the same white point as the display and then calculate the chromaticity triangle. This solution may require a 3x3 matrix multiply.
  • the input data is presumed to be sRGB, but any other input assumptions can be taken into account.
  • a conversion matrix may thus be generated. This process is similar to the steps in equations 4 and 5 but using the AW measured white point (e.g. white point 302) of the display:
  • Equation 7 calculates the weighting coefficients that are used to create a conversion matrix in Equation 8. This matrix converts from a three- valued color space (not to be confused with the multi-primary color space) that has the measured white point into CIE XYZ. The inverse of this matrix times the standard sRGB matrix from Equation 3 will perform the conversion that suffices: Equation 9
  • Equation 9 sRGB input values are converted to R d G d B d values that have the same white point as the display. These values may now be converted to chroma luma, hue angle and chromaticity triangle number with substantially accuracy.
  • the R2X and inverted R2XA W matrices can be combined into one pre-calculated matrix. It should be noted that this conversion may not be needed when the measured AW white point is close to D65.
  • Another embodiment for calculating chromaticity triangle number for an RGBW multi-primary display may be effected by performing Boolean operations on the source sRGB values. This may be easier than the hue angle calculation, but it may have some limitations with systems using other than the 3 RGB primary colors. If the white-point is not taken into account, it might produce the incorrect triangle number in some cases, unless the display white point was D65 or the input values were corrected first, as described above.
  • FIG. 4 depicts three-dimensional representation of the RGB color space 400 defined by color primary points: red 402, green 404, and blue 408.
  • Equations 12r, 12g, and 12b are simplified versions of Equations 12r, 12g, and 12b and the Boolean tests.
  • these 6 multiplication operations are less than the 9 required to do the matrix operation described in Equation 9.
  • the Boolean test may at times be less computationally expensive than the hue angle method of calculating the chromaticity triangle number.
  • the primaries are assumed to be at the corners of the sRGB input system. This restriction tends to prevent the Boolean test from working on displays with more than three primaries. This is, however, an artificial restriction that may be lifted, in one embodiment, by using the measured color of each primary.
  • Equation 3 For example, if a display had a cyan primary, the inverse matrix from Equation 3 might convert that primary into a color C in the sRGB space. This color might then be substituted into Equation 10 along with (0,0,0) for black and the converted white point W as used in Equations 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Color Image Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Facsimile Image Signal Circuits (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)
PCT/US2005/009536 2004-04-09 2005-03-23 Systems and methods for selecting a white point for image displays Ceased WO2005104084A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN2005800102786A CN101517633B (zh) 2004-04-09 2005-03-23 为图像显示器选择白色点的系统和方法

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US10/821,386 US7301543B2 (en) 2004-04-09 2004-04-09 Systems and methods for selecting a white point for image displays
US10/821,386 2004-04-09

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