WO2005102672A1 - VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßVERBINDEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN MIT HILFE VON LASERSTRAHLUNG - Google Patents
VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßVERBINDEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN MIT HILFE VON LASERSTRAHLUNG Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005102672A1 WO2005102672A1 PCT/EP2005/003689 EP2005003689W WO2005102672A1 WO 2005102672 A1 WO2005102672 A1 WO 2005102672A1 EP 2005003689 W EP2005003689 W EP 2005003689W WO 2005102672 A1 WO2005102672 A1 WO 2005102672A1
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- alkyl
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- laser radiation
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- plastic parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B5/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings
- C09B5/62—Cyclic imides or amidines of peri-dicarboxylic acids of the anthracene, benzanthrene, or perylene series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/18—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/733—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
- B29C66/7336—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light
- B29C66/73365—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B5/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
- B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
- B29C65/1619—Mid infrared radiation [MIR], e.g. by CO or CO2 lasers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
- B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
- B29K2081/06—PSU, i.e. polysulfones; PES, i.e. polyethersulfones or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0026—Transparent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7172—Fuel tanks, jerry cans
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for welding plastic parts with the aid of laser radiation of a wavelength outside the visible range, in which one of the plastic parts to be connected in the connecting region has a material that is transparent and essentially colorless in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum and absorbs the laser radiation.
- the invention relates to the manufacture of suitable preparations containing welded plastic parts by means of laser radiation, the wavelength of which lies outside the visible range
- thermoplastic matrix polymer suitable for forming the plastic parts
- thermoplastic parts are first fixed to each other in the correct end position and the joining surfaces are brought into contact with each other; Then the connection area is irradiated with laser light through one of the parts until at least the surface of the underlying part melts and thus a welded connection is formed between the parts, which mechanically solidifies in the subsequent cooling phase.
- absorbent materials which are either incorporated into at least one of the plastic parts or applied to it in such a way that they are located in the connection area between the plastic parts.
- carbon black is used as the IR laser radiation absorbing material.
- DE-A-44 32081 also recommends nigrosine as an IR-absorbing material for the welding of plastic parts. Although nigrosine does not cause discoloration of the plastic, due to its low absorption in the NIR, comparatively high laser powers are required at the usual laser wavelengths of 940 and 1064 nm, which easily lead to coking of the plastic. Nigrosine is also toxic and carcinogenic.
- EP-A-126 787 and DE-A-198 14 298 disclose the use of silicon dioxide as an absorber for welding polyethylene foils or the production of a fuel tank by welding two hollow plastic bodies.
- silicon dioxide also does not show a satisfactory absorption at the usual laser wavelengths of 808, 940 and 1064 nm.
- WO-A-00/20157 and 03/59619 describe a method for laser welding plastic parts in which, in the visible range, essentially non-absorbent dyes are used as the IR-absorbing coating of the one plastic part.
- the dyes used do not have sufficient photostability or radiation resistance.
- WO-A-03/59619 even explicitly mentions the decomposition of the dye. Accordingly, neither multi-pass welding nor quasi-simultaneous welding, in which the gap bridging is better and fewer stress cracks occur, cannot be used, but only one-pass contour welding is available.
- the thermal stability of the dyes mentioned is not sufficient for direct incorporation into the plastic parts to be welded by means of conventional melting methods, such as extrusion, coextrusion, blow molding or injection molding.
- the dyes must therefore be applied to one of the plastic parts in an additional work step, which is costly and labor-intensive and is particularly unsuitable for series production of small or complex shaped parts.
- the dyes used, and in particular their photochemical and thermal degradation products are not chemically inert and tend to undesirable migration in the matrix polymer.
- the invention was therefore based on the object of remedying the disadvantages mentioned and of providing a universally usable method by which plastic parts can be laser-welded in a technically simple manner. Accordingly, a method has been found for welding joining plastic parts with the aid of laser radiation of a wavelength outside the visible range, in which one of the plastic parts to be connected in the connecting area has a material which is transparent and essentially colorless in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum and which absorbs the laser radiation characterized in that the laser radiation absorbing material is at least one nonionic, laser radiation-resistant compound with a thermal stability of at least 300 ° C, selected from the group of polycyclic organic compounds, the doped tin oxides and the hexaboride MB 6 of lanthanide and alkaline earth metals M.
- Particularly suitable polycyclic organic compounds which absorb the laser radiation are quaterrylene-3,4: 13,14-tetracarboxylic acid diimides and quaterrylene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid monoimides (together called “quaterrylene carboximides”) and terrylene-3,4: 11,12- tetracarboxylic acid diimides and terrylene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid monoimides (collectively called “terrylene carboximides”).
- the quaterrylene and terrylene carboximides can be substituted or unsubstituted on the imide nitrogen atoms and / or on the ring structure, preferably they carry alkyl and / or aryl radicals on the imide nitrogen and are unsubstituted on the ring structure or carry 2 to 8 substituents.
- These compounds are known from EP-A-596292 and WO-A-96/22332, 02/76988, 02/66438, 02/68538 and 03/104232.
- the quaterrylene carboximides are particularly preferred, the quaterrylene 3,4: 13,14-tetracarboximides being very particularly preferred.
- Particularly suitable quaterrylene carboximides have in particular the formula I.
- Y, Y independently of one another are hydrogen, bromine or amino; together a remainder of the formula
- R 2 independently of one another: hydrogen; C ⁇ -C 30 -A! Kyl, whose carbon chain can be interrupted by one or more groupings -O-, -S-, -NR 3 -, -CO- and / or -SO 2 - and that by Cyano, CC 6 - alkoxy.
- Aryl which can be substituted by C 8 -C 8 -alkyl or CC 6 -alkoxy, and / or one or more substituted by a nitrogen atom, 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic radical, which may contain further heteroatoms and may be aromatic can be;
- C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl the carbon chain of which can be interrupted by one or more groupings -O-, -S-, -NR 3 -, -CO- and / or -SO 2 - and that by -C-C 6 alkyl can be substituted one or more times;
- R 3
- Quaterrylenecarboximides of the formula I are very particularly suitable, in which the variables have the following meaning:
- R 1 , R 2 independently of one another: CrC-jo-alkyl, the carbon chain of which can be interrupted by one or more groupings -O-, -NR 3 - and / or -CO- and that by d-Ce-alkoxy, aryl, the can be substituted by C 8 -alkyl or dC 6 -alkoxy, and / or a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic radical bonded via a nitrogen atom, which may contain further heteroatoms and may be aromatic, may be substituted one or more times; C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which may be interrupted by one or more groupings -O-, -NR 3 - and / or -CO- and which may be substituted one or more times by dC 6 -alkyl; Aryl or hetaryl, each of which can be mono- or polysubstituted by d-ds-alkyl, dC 6 -alkoxy,
- Methylthiomethyl 2-methylthioethyl, 2-ethylthioethyl, 2-propylthioethyl, 2-isopropylthioethyl, 2-butylthioethyl, 2- and 3-methylthiopropyl, 2- and 3-ethylthiopropyl, 2- and 3-propylthiopropyl, 2- and 3- Butylthiopropyl, 2- and 4-methylthiobutyl, 2- and 4-ethylthiobutyl, 2- and 4-propylthiobutyl.
- the quaterrylenecarboximides can carry 2, 4, 6, 8 or 12 substituents X on the ring structure.
- Possible ring positions for the substituents X are in each case: 1.6; 1,7,10,16 and 1,7,11,17 and 1,6,11,16; 1,7,9,11,17,19 or 1,7,9,11,16,18 or 1, 6,8,11,16,18 or 1, 6,9,11,16,19 ; 1,6,7,10,11,16,17,20; 1, 6,7,8,9,10,11, 16,17,18,19,20.
- Preferred for the quaterrylene 3,4:13, 4-tetracarboxylic acid amidides are the tetras substitution in the positions 1,6,11,16 and the hexas substitution in the positions 1,6,8,11,16,18 and 1,6,9, 11, 16, 19 and for the quaterrylene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid monoimides, the disubstitution in positions 1, 6 and 1.7 and the tetra substitution in positions 1,6,11,16 and 1,7,10,16 or 1,7,11,17.
- Suitable terrylenecarboximides have the formula II
- terrylene-3,4: 11,12-tetracarboxylic acid diimides which preferably have alkyl and / or aryl residues on the imide nitrogen atoms and 2 to 6 substituents on the ring structure.
- the terrylenecarboximides can carry 2, 4, 6 or 8 substituents X on the ring structure. Possible ring positions for the substituents X are in each case: 1.6; 1,7,9,15 and 1,6,9,14; 1,6,7,9,14,16; 1,6,7,8,9,14,15,16.
- the disubstitution in the 1,6- and the tetra-substitution in the 1,6,9,14 position is preferred.
- Doped tin oxides and hexaborides MB 6 of lanthanide and alkaline earth metals M are also suitable as the material absorbing the laser radiation.
- These inorganic absorber materials are also known and are described, for example, in EP-A-1 008 564.
- Suitable tin oxides are above all tin oxide doped with antimony or indium (ATO or ITO).
- the MB 6 metal hexaborides are in particular yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and strontium or called calcium hexaboride.
- These materials are preferably used in nanoparticulate form, i.e. they generally have average particle sizes of 15 to 100 nm.
- the polycyclic organic compounds absorb in particular in the wavelength range from 700 to 950 nm, especially 750 to 850 nm, and can therefore be used particularly advantageously in combination with a laser with a wavelength of 808 nm.
- the inorganic absorber materials are particularly suitable for the wavelength range from 850 to 1200 nm, preferably 900 to 1100 nm, and thus for common lasers with emission wavelengths of 940 and 1064 nm.
- thermo resistance of at least 300 ° C and can therefore be incorporated directly into the plastic parts to be welded without decomposition using the usual, inexpensive and process-simplifying methods of mass additivation.
- the plastic parts Since they are neither degraded by thermal stress nor by radiation, they enable the plastic parts to be welded to be set exactly to a desired color which is not changed by the welding.
- the stability of the absorber materials used according to the invention also allows them to be used for applications in which the formation of undefined degradation products has to be ruled out, such as applications in the medical and food packaging sectors.
- thermoplastic plastic parts one can, as desired in each case, either incorporate the laser-absorbing material into at least one of the plastic parts to be welded or apply it to at least one of the parts by means of a lamination or coating process.
- Extrusion including coextrusion, is a suitable mass additivation method (here the thickness of the additized coextrusion layer is usually at least 25 ⁇ m, typically 50 ⁇ m), injection molding, blow molding and kneading.
- Suitable coating processes include film lamination, roller coating, spin coating, screen printing and pad printing.
- the amounts used for the material which absorbs the laser radiation are usually in the range from 10 to 5000 ppm. Depending on the selected procedure, the following absorber concentrations are generally preferred: mass-additized plates and injection molded parts: depending on the thickness 10 to 200 ppm; (laminatable) flat films, tubes and blow molded parts: 20 to 500 ppm; Coextrusion layers: 50 to 1000 ppm; Layers applied using screen or pad printing and the above-mentioned coating processes: 100 to 5000 ppm, depending on the layer thickness.
- the plastic parts to be welded can have any shape.
- one or both parts can also be a film.
- the plastic parts to be welded can be constructed from the same or from different matrix polymers.
- at least the plastic part that contains the absorber material is made of a thermoplastic matrix polymer.
- none of the plastic parts to be welded can consist of thermoplastic material; in this case, however, a coating of at least part with a thermoplastic plastic containing the absorber material is required.
- the plastic parts to be connected can be constructed, for example, from a matrix polymer which is selected from the group of polyolefins, polyolefin copolymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinylidene chlorides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl esters, polyvinyl alkanals, polyvinyl polyketides, polyamides , Polycarbonates, polycarbonate blends, polyesters, polyester blends, poly (meth) acrylates, poly (meth) acrylate-styrene copolymer blends, poly (meth) acrylate-polyvinylidene difluoride blends, polyurethanes, polystyrenes, styrene copolymers , Polyethers, polyether ketones and polysulfones and mixtures thereof.
- a matrix polymer which is selected from the group of polyolefins,
- Matrix polymers from the group of polyolefins, polyolefin copolymers, polyvinylalkanals, polyamides, polycarbonates, polycarbonate-polyester blends, polycarbonate-styrene copolymer blends, polyesters, polyester blends, poly (meth) acrylates, poly (meth) are preferred.
- Particularly preferred polymers are transparent or at least translucent.
- Examples include: polypropylene, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide [6], polyamide [6,6], polycarbonate, polycarbonate-polyethylene terephthalate blends, polycarbonate-polybutylene terephthalate blends, polycarbonate-acrylonitrile / styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer blends , Polycarbonate-acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer blends, polymethyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer blends (MABS), polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, impact-modified polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methyl acrylate, polybutyl methyl acrylate , Acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymers (ABS), styrene / acrylonit
- thermoplastic matrix polymer suitable for forming the plastic parts
- the laser radiation absorbing, non-ionic, material resistant to the laser radiation and having a thermal resistance of at least 300 ° C., selected from the group of polycyclic organic compounds, the doped tin oxides and the Hexaboride MB 6 of lanthanide and alkaline earth metals M,
- Components b) and, if desired, c) and / or d) can be mixed from the outset in the weight ratio corresponding to the desired final concentration with the matrix polymer a) (direct compounding), or a significantly higher concentration of b) and if desired, c) and / or d) are selected and the concentrate formed (masterbatch) is then diluted with further matrix polymer a) during the manufacture of the parts to be welded.
- UV stabilizers In addition to conventional UVB and UVA absorbers, mono- or disubstituted naphthalimides and their mixtures, eg Chimassorb ® 81, are absorbent in the UVA range as well as Tinuvin ® P, 326 and 328 (Ciba SC), Cyasorb ® UV-1164 and UV-531 (Cytec) and Uvinul ® 3030, 3035, 3050 and 3088 as well as Ultraphor ® VL (BASF), commercially available hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) and their N-methylated and N-methoxylated derivatives and mixtures thereof, e.g.
- HALS hindered amine light stabilizers
- Chimassorb 119 and 944 and Tinuvin 123, 622 and 770 (Ciba SC), N 30 (Clariant), Cyasorb 3346, 3529 and 3581 (Cytec) and Uvinul 4050 and 5050 (BASF), and mixtures of these groups are suitable.
- the preparations according to the invention can be customary plastic auxiliaries, e.g. contain phosphitic and phenolic antioxidants, processing aids and plasticizers.
- the preparations according to the invention can contain colorants for setting a desired color, as additives, in particular transparent organic pigments and especially dyes, e.g. CI. Pigment Yellow 138, 139, 183 and 185, CI. Pigment Red 149, 178 and 179, CI. Pigment Violet 19 and 29, CI. Pigment Blue 15, 15: 1, 15: 3 and 15: 4, CI. Pigment Green 7 and 36, CI. Solvent Yellow 93, CI. Solvent Red 135 and 195, CI. Solvent Blue 35, CI. Solvent Violet 13, CI. Solvent Green 3 and 5 and CI. Solvent Orange 60 and 163.
- colorants for setting a desired color as additives, in particular transparent organic pigments and especially dyes, e.g. CI. Pigment Yellow 138, 139, 183 and 185, CI. Pigment Red 149, 178 and 179, CI. Pigment Violet 19 and 29, CI. Pigment Blue 15, 15: 1, 15: 3 and 15: 4, CI
- Another possible additive group is also the visual impression, the mechanical properties or additives that modify the haptics, e.g. Matting agents, such as titanium dioxide, chalk, barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, fillers, such as nanoparticulate silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, clay and other layered silicates, glass fibers and glass balls.
- Matting agents such as titanium dioxide, chalk, barium sulfate, zinc sulfide
- fillers such as nanoparticulate silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, clay and other layered silicates, glass fibers and glass balls.
- thermoplastic matrix polymers were processed, using additives with NIR absorbers from the class of quaterrylene-3,4: 13,14-tetracarboxylic acid diimides, to give injection-molded platelets which were welded together with the corresponding non-additive injection-molded platelets using laser radiation:
- M5 polstyrene (polystyrene 1444 C, BASF)
- M6 acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copoly er (ABS, Terluran ® GP 22, BASF)
- the matrix polymers (M1) to (M11) were extruded with 0.01 wt.% Each (polysulfone: 0.03 wt.%) Of N, N'-bis (2,6-diisopropylphenyl) quaterrylene.
- the matrix polymers (M1) to (M11) from Example 1 were processed with additives carried out analogously to Example 1 with the NIR absorbers mentioned there and additional coloring with the transparent organic pigments or dyes listed below to give injection-molded platelets which were analogous to Example 1 with the aid of laser radiation with colorless injection-molded platelets not additized with NIR absorbers:
- the plates were unchanged after welding and also showed no change in color and transparency on the weld.
- a tensile strain experiment was carried out under standard conditions, the material in front of the weld seam was destroyed in all cases. None of the welded samples caused an undesired melting of the plate additized with the NIR absorber during the welding process, i.e. The laser radiation was absorbed regardless of the plate thickness exclusively in the surface layer of the additized plastic part facing the laser.
- the matrix polymers (M3) and (M4) were analogous to Example 1 with 0.04% by weight of the NIR absorber lanthanum hexaboride (LaB 6 ), which as a commercially available 1% by weight batch in PMMA (Sumitomo Metal Mining ) was used, was additized and processed analogously to Example 1 to give injection molded platelets which were welded with the aid of laser radiation to the corresponding non-additive injection molded platelets. Two welding tests were carried out with different lasers (variants A and B) using the following process parameters:
- Variant A Diode laser DFx06 with 940 nm emission wavelength (from Rofin), 600 ⁇ m fiber optic coupling, 100 mm focal length, input power P AV 200 watts, feed rate 50-100 mm / s
- Variant B Diode-pumped Nd: YAG laser SWD-Y 75 with 1064 nm emission wavelength (Polyscan), 75 watts direct beam, 160 mm focal length, input power P AV 100 watts, feed rate 5-20 mm / s
- the plates were unchanged after welding and also showed no change in color and transparency on the weld.
- a tensile strain experiment was carried out under standard conditions, the material in front of the weld seam was destroyed in all cases. None of the welded samples caused an undesired melting of the plate additized with the NIR absorber during the welding process, i.e. The laser radiation was absorbed regardless of the plate thickness exclusively in the surface layer of the additized plastic part facing the laser.
- the matrix polymers (M3) or (M4) were processed with injection of lathanhexaboride and additional coloring with the transparent organic pigments listed below to give injection-molded platelets, which were carried out analogously to Example 3 with the aid of laser radiation (in each case variants A and B) were not welded with NIR absorber-additive, colorless injection molded platelets:
- the matrix polymers (M3) and (M4) were analogous to Example 1, each with 0.05% by weight of nanoparticulate indium tin oxide (ITO) with an average particle size of 35 nm, which as commercially available 10% by weight Preparation in triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate) (Mitsubishi Chemicals) was used, additized and processed analogously to Example 1 to give injection mold platelets which were welded using laser radiation according to the following process parameters with the corresponding non-additive injection mold platelets:
- ITO indium tin oxide
- Diode-pumped Nd YAG laser SWD-Y 75 with 1064 nm emission wavelength (Polyscan), 75 watts direct beam, 160 mm focal length, input power P A v 100 watts, feed rate 5-20 mm / s
- the plates were unchanged after welding and also showed no change in color and transparency on the weld.
- a tensile strain experiment was carried out under standard conditions, the material in front of the weld seam was destroyed in all cases. None of the welded samples caused an undesired melting of the plate additized with the NIR absorber during the welding process, i.e. The laser radiation was absorbed regardless of the plate thickness exclusively in the surface layer of the additized plastic part facing the laser.
- the matrix polymers (M3) or (M4) were processed with indium-tin oxide and additive coloring with the dyes listed below to give injection-molded platelets, which were carried out analogously to Example 5 with the aid of laser radiation with not using NIR absorbers additive, colorless injection molded platelets were welded together:
- Diode-pumped Nd YAG laser SWD-Y 75 with 1064 nm emission wavelength (Polyscan), 75 att direct beam, 160 mm focal length, input power P A 100 watts, feed rate 5-20 mm / s
- the foils were unchanged after welding and also showed no change in color and transparency on the weld.
- a tensile strain experiment was carried out under standard conditions, the material in front of the weld seam was destroyed in all cases. None of the welded samples showed an unwanted melting of the with the NIR absorber additized film, ie the laser radiation was only absorbed in the surface layer of the additized plastic part facing the laser.
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007507712A JP4437152B2 (ja) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | レーザー放射線を使用してプラスチック部品を一緒に溶接する方法 |
| US11/578,149 US7875147B2 (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | Method for welding together plastic parts with the aid of laser radiation |
| KR1020067023714A KR101156774B1 (ko) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | 레이저 방사선의 보조 하에 플라스틱 부품을 함께 용접하는 방법 |
| EP05716561A EP1737644B1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßVERBINDEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN MIT HILFE VON LASERSTRAHLUNG |
| DK05716561T DK1737644T3 (da) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | Fremgangsmåde til svejseforbindelse af kunststofdele ved hjælp af laserstråling |
| DE200550010553 DE502005010553D1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßVERBINDEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN MIT HILFE VON LASERSTRAHLUNG |
| AT05716561T ATE488353T1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßVERBINDEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN MIT HILFE VON LASERSTRAHLUNG |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004018547A DE102004018547A1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2004-04-14 | Verfahren zum Schweißverbinden von Kunststoffteilen mit Hilfe von Laserstrahlung |
| DE102004018547.6 | 2004-04-14 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005102672A1 true WO2005102672A1 (de) | 2005-11-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2005/003689 Ceased WO2005102672A1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-08 | VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßVERBINDEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN MIT HILFE VON LASERSTRAHLUNG |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7875147B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1737644B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4437152B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101156774B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN100480024C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE488353T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102004018547A1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK1737644T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2355511T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005102672A1 (de) |
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- 2005-04-08 DK DK05716561T patent/DK1737644T3/da active
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7772415B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2010-08-10 | Milliken & Company | Radiation absorbing compositions, methods and articles incorporating such compositions |
| WO2007138051A1 (de) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-12-06 | Basf Se | Dibenzorylentetracarbonsäurediimide als infrarotabsorber |
| US8088922B2 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2012-01-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Dibenzorylenetetracarboximides as infrared absorbers |
| CN103435949B (zh) * | 2007-01-11 | 2016-08-17 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 激光焊接用光吸收树脂组合物和光吸收树脂成型体以及光吸收树脂成型体的制造方法 |
| WO2009129801A1 (de) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum fügen von wenigstens zwei transparenten fügepartnern mittels laserdurchstrahlschweissen |
| DE102011007196A1 (de) | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-18 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundes aus einem Polyamidformteil und einem Methacrylatcopolymer-Formteil |
| WO2024208798A1 (en) | 2023-04-04 | 2024-10-10 | Trinamix Gmbh | Polymer composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4437152B2 (ja) | 2010-03-24 |
| ES2355511T3 (es) | 2011-03-28 |
| EP1737644A1 (de) | 2007-01-03 |
| DE502005010553D1 (de) | 2010-12-30 |
| CN100480024C (zh) | 2009-04-22 |
| US20070221321A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| JP2007532349A (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
| DK1737644T3 (da) | 2011-02-21 |
| KR101156774B1 (ko) | 2012-06-18 |
| CN1942302A (zh) | 2007-04-04 |
| EP1737644B1 (de) | 2010-11-17 |
| KR20060133104A (ko) | 2006-12-22 |
| US7875147B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 |
| DE102004018547A1 (de) | 2005-02-03 |
| ATE488353T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
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