Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
  • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
  • G02F1/133555—Transflectors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
  • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
  • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
  • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
  • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
  • H10K50/80—Constructional details
  • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
  • H10K50/844—Encapsulations
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
  • H10K59/80—Constructional details
  • H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
  • H10K59/873—Encapsulations

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a liquid crystal panel, a method of manufacturing the same, and an electronic device equipped with the liquid crystal panel.
• the present invention relates to a liquid crystal panel, a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel, and an electronic device equipped with the liquid crystal panel.
• Information devices are also increasingly used as indoor stationary power portable devices. Unlike stationary devices, portable information devices are used in various places.
• a plasma display (Plasma Display Panel), a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display), and an organic EL display (Organic Light Emitted Display) are known.
• a plasma display needs to generate a high voltage due to its operating principle and is unsuitable for portable use.
• a liquid crystal display and an organic EL display that can be driven with low power consumption are suitable for portable use.
• liquid crystal displays are the mainstream.
• Organic EL displays are expected to grow in the future with sharp images.
• the organic EL display and the liquid crystal display have an "active drive type” in which each pixel has an active element to drive the pixel, and a “simple matrix” in which the pixel is driven by two sets of orthogonal rectangular electrodes.
• the active drive type can dramatically reduce the response time compared to the simple matrix type, and can display moving images of many pixels. Further, it becomes possible to perform control related to image quality, such as contrast and gradation, in detail. As a result, the "active drive type" has become the mainstream of the current drive system.
• Liquid crystal displays are classified into three types, transmissive, reflective, and semi-transmissive, depending on whether the pixel electrode transmits light, reflects light, or transmits part of the light and reflects part of the light. Be done [0007] When the place of use is limited to a room, such as a stationary type, the image is clear on a transmissive liquid crystal display or an organic EL display. However, there is a disadvantage that the contrast of the image is reduced outdoors where the light emission intensity is brighter than the light emission intensity of the self-emission, and the image is difficult to see. If the intensity of the light emitting source is increased so that the contrast does not decrease even outdoors, there arises a problem that glare occurs in the image quality indoors and power consumption increases.
• a reflection type liquid crystal display reflects an external light to display an image, and thus has excellent visibility outdoors, but has a drawback that an image is difficult to see in a dark place. This can be improved by providing a front light, but in the case of a front light, it is difficult to illuminate the entire screen uniformly!
• a transflective liquid crystal display is a liquid crystal display having advantages of a transmissive type and a reflective type.
• Transflective liquid crystal displays use both backlight light and external light for display by making the pixel electrodes translucent or providing openings, ensuring visibility both outdoors and indoors. it can. For this reason, most current portable information terminals use semi-transmissive liquid crystal panels.
• the image of the transflective liquid crystal display is inferior to the transmissive liquid crystal display and the organic EL display in a dark place, and inferior to the reflective liquid crystal display in a bright place. For this reason, it is necessary to further improve the image quality as a portable information terminal.
• the display is an information terminal such as a mobile phone or a PDA (Personal Digital
• characteristics required for a display panel for portable use include screen size, panel thinness, robustness, power consumption, and the like.
• OLED displays can be made as thin as one substrate in principle.
• liquid crystal display panels can be made as thin as a reflective liquid crystal display with a thickness of two substrates, but a transmissive Z transflective liquid crystal display must be made thicker because a knock light is required. Absent.
• poly-Si TFT low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin film transistor
• FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional transflective liquid crystal display.
• the liquid crystal panel is composed of liquid crystal sandwiched between two substrates.
• pixels having a TFT 311 and a pixel electrode 310 are regularly arranged, and wiring is formed for sending an electric signal for driving the TFT 311.
• the pixel electrode 310 is formed of a translucent material.
• the pixel electrode 310 is designed to have a transmittance of 30 to 70%. Usually, it is often designed to have a transmittance of 70%.
• a color filter 305 is arranged on one side of the other substrate 304.
• the color filter 304 is composed of a red, green, and blue color filter section and a black matrix that blocks light.
• the red, green, and blue color filter units are arranged at positions facing the pixel electrodes 310, and the black matrix (BM) is arranged at positions facing the boundaries between the pixel electrodes.
• the transparent electrode is formed so as to cover the color filter 305.
• alignment films 307 and 309, respectively, for aligning the liquid crystal in a desired direction are formed on the surfaces of these two glass substrates 304 and 312, alignment films 307 and 309, respectively, for aligning the liquid crystal in a desired direction are formed. Further, these two substrates are fixed by a sealing material B arranged at the periphery of the substrates, and the liquid crystal is sealed in a gap between the two substrates.
• polarizers linear polarizers
• retardation films (1Z4 wavelength plates
• the knock light includes a light source C such as a lamp or a light emitting diode (LED) that outputs white light, a light guide 317, a reflector 318, a diffusion sheet 316, and a viewing angle adjustment sheet 315.
• a light source C such as a lamp or a light emitting diode (LED) that outputs white light
• a light guide 317 such as a lamp or a light emitting diode (LED) that outputs white light
• a light guide 317 such as a lamp or a light emitting diode (LED) that outputs white light
• a reflector 318 such as a light guide 317, a reflector 318, a diffusion sheet 316, and a viewing angle adjustment sheet 315.
• the design of these components is optimized so that the knock light operates as a surface illuminator as uniform as possible, and guides the light emitted from the light source C toward the liquid crystal panel as efficiently as possible.
• a transparent plastic substrate such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used, and the thickness is about 1.0 mm.
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• the reflection plate 318, the diffusion sheet 316, and the viewing angle adjustment sheet 315 are subjected to additions to fulfill their respective optical functions. If all the components of the backlight shown in Fig. 8 are removed, the thickness will be about 2. Omm.
• the white light emitted from the light source C enters the light guide 317, is redirected by the reflector 318, and is diffused by the diffusion sheet 316.
• the diffused light reaches the liquid crystal panel after being adjusted to have the desired directivity by the viewing angle adjustment sheet 315.
• This light is in an unpolarized state, and only one of the strong linearly polarized lights passes through the linearly polarizing plate 312 of the liquid crystal panel.
• This linearly polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light by the phase difference plate (1Z4 wavelength plate) 311 and sequentially passes through the substrate 303, the pixel electrode 310 formed of a translucent material, and the like, and reaches the liquid crystal layer.
• the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the presence or absence of a potential difference between the pixel electrode 310 and a transparent electrode (counter electrode) 306 facing the pixel electrode 310. That is, in a certain extreme alignment state, the circularly polarized light that is incident upon the downward force shown in FIG. As a result, the light reaches the retardation plate (1Z4 wavelength plate) 303, and is almost completely transmitted through the polarizing plate (linear polarizing plate) 302. Therefore, this pixel displays the color determined by the color filter brightest.
• the conventional transmissive Z semi-transmissive liquid crystal display becomes thick and heavy due to the use of a backlight.
• a configuration using organic EL has been proposed.
• Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-29034 discloses an alignment film 323 which has been subjected to an alignment treatment in advance, as shown in FIG. Are laminated on the display driving substrate 321 and the counter substrate 322. Lamination prevents degradation of the organic EL since a high temperature is not applied when forming an alignment film by conventional firing.
• a polymer film is laminated on a TFT array substrate 621 manufactured in a separate process in advance and a counter substrate 622 provided with a surface light emitter, and then a normal rubbing process is performed.
• the orientation function for the liquid crystal composition 624 is added to the above-mentioned polymer film to form the orientation film 623.
• the alignment film 623 of the TFT array substrate 621 and the counter substrate 622 are opposed to each other, and the gap between them is filled with the liquid crystal composition 624.
• FIG. 9 (a) The structure of FIG. 9 (a) is similar to that of the prior art shown in FIG. 8, except that the alignment film is formed by laminating an organic film and that the knock light is replaced by an organic EL to form an organic EL.
• the conventional light guide plate is a few mm, whereas the light-emitting part made of organic EL is a thin film, so it can be thinned to a glass substrate thickness of about 0.4 mm. It becomes possible.
• Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-98957 discloses that a backlight of a transmissive liquid crystal panel is changed to a conventional fluorescent tube method, and an organic EL light emitting element is used to reduce the thickness of the backlight. What is planned is shown.
• Fig. 9 (b) shows the structure.
• the liquid crystal panel includes a first electrode substrate 350, a second electrode substrate 360, and a liquid crystal layer 380 held between these substrates.
• the first electrode substrate 350 is composed of a transparent glass substrate 351, and has a scanning line 352, a signal line 353 (not shown), and a pixel electrode 354 on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer 380. , A TFT 355, a storage capacitor 356 (not shown), and a storage capacitor line 357.
• the second electrode substrate 380 has a transparent electrode 382 serving as a counter electrode of a liquid crystal element formed on a surface of the transparent glass substrate 381 in contact with the liquid crystal, and a substrate transparent electrode 382 of the glass substrate 381 formed thereon.
• Light emitting portions 383, 385, 387, 389 of the organic EL are formed on the surface opposite to the surface, and light emitting portions 384, 386, 388 are formed as gaps between the light emitting portions 383, 385, 387, 389. ing.
• Fig. 9 (b) shows a light guide plate for a backlight, which has been conventionally required, by forming a thin-film planar light-emitting element made of organic EL on the back surface of a substrate on which a counter electrode of a liquid crystal element is formed. Eliminating it achieves a thin film. As a result, the number of substrates can be reduced to two compared to the configuration in which three substrates are required in FIG. 9A, and a thin film can be formed on a liquid crystal panel.
• these liquid crystal panels are of a transmissive type, and are considered to be used in various lighting conditions, such as from a dark place to a bright place, from a dark place like a mobile phone! ,.
• the present invention can be used in both all-weather, dark places and bright places, and in both dark places and bright places, a liquid crystal display that is easier to see and consumes less power than conventional transflective liquid crystal panels. It provides a panel.
• Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-29034
• Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-98957
• the conventional transflective liquid crystal display has antireflection, polarization, and position.
• An optical film having various functions such as phase difference is bonded to a substrate, and a knock light is arranged on the back surface.
• the backlight of the transflective liquid crystal device adopts the structure disclosed in JP-A-2002-9857, the number of substrates can be reduced to two, and the liquid crystal panel can be made thinner.
• the transmissivity of the pixel electrode needs to be set to 30 to 70%. Usually, a transmittance of 30% is used.
• the reflectance is 100% and the transmittance is 100%, it can be used even in a darker place, and the required illuminance of the knock light decreases. Since the transmittance is 100%, the backlight only needs to emit light at the required illuminance, and power consumption can be reduced.
• a portable device such as a mobile device, which uses a battery that does not receive a fixed power supply but supplies power
• reducing power consumption is an important issue as well as the visibility of a display screen.
• the present invention provides a liquid crystal panel that is easier to see and consumes less power than conventional transflective liquid crystal devices in both light and dark places.
• the present invention integrates a back surface light source and a liquid crystal without a substrate, and forms a reflection film for external light of the liquid crystal on a surface opposite to a surface of the back surface light source in contact with the liquid crystal. .
• the liquid crystal panel having the backside light source according to the present invention, no substrate is interposed between the liquid crystal and the backside light source, and no light guide plate is used.
• the distance between the reflective film and the pixel electrode to which the external light of the liquid crystal is incident can be reduced. Since the use efficiency of external light is not reduced, it is not necessary to provide the pixel electrode with a reflection function like a conventional transflective liquid crystal.
• the spacing force between the electrode on the side where the external light of the liquid crystal is incident and the reflective film is the same as the spacing between the pixel electrodes. Or, narrower is better.
• the light use efficiency is higher than that of the transflective liquid crystal panel designed with the reflectivity of the conventional pixel electrode at 30%, and the use efficiency increases as the distance decreases. .
• the light use efficiency increases, it can be used as a reflective liquid crystal in a darker place, and it is not necessary to turn on the backlight, which contributes to a reduction in power consumption.
• a liquid crystal panel having a back-side light source is formed on a first base, and has a liquid crystal layer interposed between at least a transparent first electrode and a transparent second electrode.
• a thin-film planar light-emitting element is interposed between a sandwiched liquid crystal element, an optically opaque third electrode formed on the second substrate and disposed at least in opposition, and a transparent fourth electrode.
• a third light-emitting source disposed on the second substrate side, and reflecting external light incident through the liquid crystal layer and incident on the liquid crystal layer.
• the fourth electrode is disposed so as to face the second electrode, and the insulating film sandwiched between the fourth electrode and the second electrode is continuously formed on the fourth electrode.
• a liquid crystal display panel characterized by being a formed film.
• the back surface light source is formed on a reflective film formed between the substrate and one surface of the thin film flat light emitting device and on the other surface of the thin film flat light emitting device.
• External light that has a transparent electrode and enters from the liquid crystal element enters the reflective film through the transparent electrode, and the external light reflected by the reflective film enters the liquid crystal element through the transparent electrode and emits light from the liquid crystal element and the back surface.
• the light source is a liquid crystal display panel which is in contact with at least a film continuously formed on the transparent electrode.
• the present invention unlike conventional transflective liquid crystal panels, it is possible to completely reflect external light and completely transmit the knock light without limiting the reflection of external light and the transmission of the knock light. It becomes. In reality, there are problems such as the reflection efficiency of the reflective film and the transmittance of the film.However, theoretically, it is possible to reflect 100% of external light in a bright place, and it operates as a reflective liquid crystal panel. In dark places, it operates as a transmissive LCD panel by transmitting 100% of the knock light.
• the light efficiency is increased as compared with the conventional transflective liquid crystal panel, and the light efficiency is increased in a bright place.
• the display becomes clearer and it can be operated as a reflective liquid crystal panel even in a darker place than before, and the light intensity of the knock light can be reduced in a dark place.
• FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a protective film for protecting an organic EL layer.
• FIG. 3 is a process sectional view illustrating a method for manufacturing a thin film transistor on a substrate.
• FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a process cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing method of the present invention for transferring a thin film transistor to another substrate.
• FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing another modification of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a conventional transflective liquid crystal panel.
• FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transmission type liquid crystal panel using an organic EL element as a back-side emission light source.
• FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel with a backlight according to the first embodiment.
• a wiring 102 and a color filter 104 from a silicon film formed on a first glass substrate 101 by a known method, a pixel electrode 103 which is a transparent electrode is formed, and then an alignment film 105 is formed. I do.
• an orientation plate 107 is formed on a second glass substrate 114.
• a reflective electrode 113 an organic euill2 serving as a light emitting layer of a thin film light emitting element, a transparent electrode 111, a polarizing film 110, a retardation film 109, and a counter electrode serving as a transparent electrode of liquid crystal 108.
• the liquid crystal 106 is sandwiched between the alignment film 105 and the alignment film 107.
• the spacer A maintains the distance between the alignment films 105 and 108.
• the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes is determined by the definition of the active drive liquid crystal panel.
• R (red) and G (green) are defined as 200ppi (pixel x pixel (EL) per inch).
• the distance between the surface of the first glass substrate on which the pixel electrode is formed and the surface of the reflective electrode is determined by the pixel electrode. If the width is sufficiently smaller than the pole arrangement pitch of 42.3 m, the external light 1S reflected by the reflective electrode is not mixed with adjacent pixels, so that the use efficiency of the external light does not decrease.
• the substrate is not interposed between the light emitting element and the liquid crystal element, the distance between the surface of the first glass substrate on which the pixel electrode is formed and the surface of the reflective electrode is reduced. It is something that can be done. In this case, the use efficiency of external light can be increased when the refractive index of the transparent electrode forming the pixel electrode is higher than that of the substrate.
• the organic EL element can be replaced by a thin-film planar light emitting element like an inorganic EL element, but the organic EL element is the most preferable light emitting element in terms of luminous efficiency.
• the light-emitting portion must be protected from the external atmosphere (water, oxygen, etc.) because the light-emitting portion is an organic compound.
• SiO AIN SiO AIN
• a protective film of color Even if it is not an organic compound, it is desirable to cover the light-emitting part with a protective film and protect it.
• the protective film covers the end surface of the organic EL layer 112, which is the light emitting layer of the thin-film light emitting element, and the upper surface of the organic EL layer 112, which is covered with the transparent electrode 111.
• LV which is preferred.
• External Atmosphere Force There is no particular limitation as long as the light-emitting element can be protected, but inorganic substances such as SiO, SiN, Al 2 O, and AIN are preferable. Thickness is 100
• the thickness it is good if it is nm or more. Although there is no particular upper limit on the thickness, it is preferable that the thickness be 1000 nm or less in consideration of manufacturing efficiency and the like! /, And! /.
• a barrier film is formed on at least one surface of the substrate in order to protect the element portion (light emitting element Z liquid crystal element) from an external atmosphere (moisture, oxygen, etc.). It is better to have.
• the barrier film is preferably formed on the surface of the substrate on which the liquid crystal layer or the thin-film planar light emitting element is formed, more preferably on both surfaces of the substrate.
• the barrier film is made of an organic material such as polyvinyl alcohol, an organic material and a clay mineral (amorphous clay mineral such as Al 2 O 2 SiO 5.
• Amorphous clay mineral Si, AD O tetrahedral sheet, (Al, Mg) (O, OH) octahedral sheet
• Organic-inorganic composite materials with inorganic substances such as or SiO
• the thickness of the organic material and the organic-inorganic composite material is preferably 1 to 10 m, and the thickness of the inorganic material is preferably 10 nm—: L m.
• Organic materials and organic In the case of the inorganic composite material, if it is 1 ⁇ m or more, it is possible to sufficiently prevent ordinary air components such as oxygen and water vapor from entering the liquid crystal layer and the organic EL layer.
• a reflection film may be used separately from the force driving electrode using the driving electrode of the thin-film planar light emitting element as a reflection film for external light.
• the drive electrodes need to be arranged via an insulating film.
• the reflection film may have an uneven shape with a height of about 1 m. If the reflection film has an irregular shape, the reflection film has a light diffusing function, so that reflection of an external image does not occur. By making the size distribution of the uneven portion random, the reflection of the external image can be further reduced.
• the film thickness of each layer of the liquid crystal panel shown in FIG. 1 is such that the transparent electrode 111, the counter electrode 108, and the pixel electrode 103 are made of ITO film.
• l ⁇ mO. 2 / ⁇ ⁇ Thin film transistor and wiring are made of polycrystalline silicon film and metal (usually aluminum or aluminum alloy), thickness is 0.1 ⁇ m-0.2 m
• thin film in the organic EL layer 112 is an organic composition comprising a light-emitting layer of a light-emitting element, the thickness is several tens nm- several hundred nm (10- 2 - the 10- m order one)
• the liquid crystal unit 106 is 2 mu m- 6 ⁇ m
• retardation film 109 is 0.5 m-10 m
• color finoleta 104 is the number: zm
• the distance between the color filter 104 and the reflective electrode 113 is sufficiently narrow, about 20 m, which is 42.3 ⁇ m, which is the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes. Use efficiency of external light does not decrease due to mixing with light.
• FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an active drive type liquid crystal panel.
• the active drive type liquid crystal panel of the present embodiment has a thin film transistor circuit including a thin film transistor 102 on one surface of a first glass substrate 101 serving as a support substrate, a pixel electrode 103, Through the thin film transistor 102 and a protective film (not shown) for protecting the pixel electrode, the functions of the color filter 104 (which functions as a red (R), green (G), blue (B) black matrix) and spacer A are provided. In addition, an alignment film 105 is formed.
• the spacer A may be formed on the substrate side on which the thin-film planar light emitting element (backlight light source) is formed.
• a thin-film planar light-emitting element (described in this embodiment using an organic EL element) as a backlight source is provided with a reflective electrode on a second glass substrate 114 facing the first glass substrate 101. 1 13, an organic EL layer 112 serving as a light emitting layer, a transparent electrode 111, a polarizing film 110, a retardation film 119, a counter electrode 108 serving as a counter electrode of the pixel electrode 103, and an alignment film 107 are formed.
• the liquid crystal 106 is interposed between the alignment film 105 formed on the pole and the alignment film 107 formed between the second electrodes.
• a liquid crystal element driving circuit (pixel electrodes for driving liquid crystal and peripheral circuits) and a structure thereof will be described.
• an amorphous silicon film or a polycrystalline silicon film is formed on a glass substrate 101.
• the amorphous silicon film 116a was formed to a thickness of 100 nm.
• the power may be increased.
• a plasma CVD method, a sputtering method, or the like can be used. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3B, the amorphous silicon film is modified into a polycrystalline silicon film 116b by irradiating an excimer laser.
• a gate insulating film 117 made of an oxide film is formed to a thickness of 100 nm by a plasma CVD method or a sputtering method. You. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3D, after forming a gate electrode 118, a region where an n-channel transistor is to be formed is covered with a photoresist 119, and boron is implanted by ion doping to form a p-type region. To form Subsequently, as shown in FIG.
• a region for forming a p-channel transistor is covered with a photoresist 119, and phosphorus is implanted by ion doping to form an n-type region.
• the source electrode made of aluminum
• a 200-nm-thick interlayer insulating film 120 made of an oxide film and an aluminum metal electrode 121 with a 150-nm thickness are formed to complete a transistor constituting a peripheral circuit.
• the pixel driving transistor section for driving the pixels of the liquid crystal panel may be composed of only n-MOS or p-MOS transistors. By arbitrarily arranging such a transistor array, a desired circuit can be formed over a glass substrate.
• a transparent conductive film made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) having a thickness of 150 nm is further formed by a sputtering method to form a desired pixel electrode.
• an oxide film having a thickness of 200 nm is formed as an electrode protection film for protecting the electrodes.
• the layer in which the transistor forming the driving portion of the liquid crystal display portion is formed needs 600-1000 nm (0.6-l ⁇ m) of force.
• an organic EL device will be described as an example of the thin-film planar light emitting device in the present example.
• the organic EL element is configured such that a light emitting layer made of an organic EL material is sandwiched between a reflective electrode that reflects light and a transparent electrode that transmits light.
• the light-emitting element made of organic EL is composed of an anode 122 made of transparent ITO (indium tin oxide), an organic EL layer 121 laminated thereon, and a cathode layer 123 having a smaller work function than the anode layer 122. ing.
• a power source not shown
• the anode layer 122 is made of nickel, gold, platinum, palladium or an alloy thereof, or a metal having a large work function such as tin oxide (Sn 2 O 3) or copper iodide, or an alloy or compound thereof, or a polypyrrole.
• a transparent electrode having a high ITO force can be used.
• the cathode layer 123 a metal material having a small work function (a low work function metal material) capable of improving the electron injection efficiency, which is preferably a material excellent in electron injection properties, is used.
• a metal material having a small work function a low work function metal material
• aluminum and alloys such as magnesium silver and aluminum lithium are used. It has been.
• the organic EL layer 112 has, for example, a two-layer structure in which a hole transport layer 124 and an organic light emitting layer 125 are laminated in order on the anode layer 122 side.
• Tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (abbreviated as Alq) or the like is used.
• the organic EL layer 112 has a three-layer structure.
• a hole transport layer that functions to efficiently transport holes by contacting an anode electrode (anode), and a layer that emits light with a luminescent material.
• anode anode
• a three-layer structure including an electron transport layer that efficiently transports electrons in contact with a cathode electrode (cathode).
• a lithium fluoride layer, a layer of an inorganic metal salt, a layer containing them, or the like may be arranged at an arbitrary position.
• Light emitted from the light emitting layer 125 is emitted from the anode side which is a transparent electrode.
• FIG. 4 (b) shows a schematic structure of an organic EL element serving as a backlight light source of the present example.
• a film of aluminum 100 nm as a cathode is formed by a normal sputtering method.
• a light emitting layer 125 serving as the organic EL layer 112 and a hole transporting layer 124 are formed in this order by a coating method so that the respective thicknesses become 100 nm, and then an ITO film serving as the anode 122 is formed by sputtering.
• an ITO film serving as the anode 122 is formed by sputtering.
• light emitted from the organic EL layer 112 is emitted from the anode side.
• FIG. 4 (c) shows a modification of the knock light source, in which an organic EL element is formed on a glass substrate in the order of anode 122, hole transport layer 124, light emitting layer 125, and cathode 3. I have.
• the method of forming the organic EL layer and the thickness of each film are the same as those shown in FIG.
• the anode 122 is an ITO film and thus is transparent, the anode is a laminated film of a transparent electrode and an aluminum film serving as the reflective film 125.
• the aluminum film should be formed to a thickness of 100 nm by sputtering in the same way as for the cathode in Fig. 4 (b) !.
• the anode 122 can be formed on the reflection film, though not shown.
• an insulating film such as a polarizing film having a reflecting function is used for the reflecting film
• the anode 122 may be formed directly on the polarizing film having the reflecting function.
• a transparent insulating film for example, a thick insulating film is used.
• the anode 122 may be formed via an inorganic insulating film having a thickness of about 100 nm and a film made of an organic resin (a base film may be used).
• an aluminum film As thin as not to impair the transparency and to form a laminated film with an ITO film.
• a transparent electrode film such as an ITO film may be formed.
• aluminum was formed to a thickness of 5 nm, and an ITO film was formed to a thickness of 95 nm. If the aluminum film thickness is 1 nm or more, the electron injecting property is not impaired, and if it is less than lOnm, the transparency is not impaired.
• the light emitting layer needs to be white in order to be used as a knock light source. Because there is no single material that emits white light, a plurality of light-emitting materials emit a plurality of colored lights to emit white light by mixing colors. As a combination of a plurality of colored light beams, three primary colors of red, green, and blue may be emitted, or a complementary color relationship such as blue and yellow, or blue-green and orange may be used.
• the organic EL element since the light emitting portion is an organic compound, it is necessary to protect the light emitting portion from an external atmosphere (moisture, oxygen, or the like). For this, SiO
• a protective film it is preferable to form a protective film. Although not shown in this embodiment, 200 nm of SiO is formed as a protective film using a sputtering method. Protective film is more than 01 / z m
• the thickness of the liquid crystal section is required to be 1. 1. 6 m and the thickness is 3 to 6 m.
• Lm which is the film thickness of the driving circuit portion of the liquid crystal element
• the distance between the pixel electrode and the reflective film is made smaller than the distance between the pixel electrodes. This is difficult, and a thin polarizing film, retardation film, alignment film, and color filter film are required.
• the polarizing film of this example includes a polarizing film made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based film in which iodine and a dichroic dye such as Z or a dichroic dye are adsorbed and oriented.
• the polarizing film is made of a polybutyl alcohol-based film made of polybutyl alcohol, partially formalized polybutyl alcohol, a partially saponified polymer of ethylene or butyl acetate copolymer, or the like, and iodine and Z or a dichroic dye. After the dichroic dye is adsorbed and stretched, it is obtained by performing boric acid treatment.
• the thickness of the polarizer is about 5 to 50 m, but is not limited to this.
• a thin film of polyvinyl alcohol is stretched while being heated, and is immersed in a solution containing a large amount of iodine (usually referred to as an H ink) to absorb iodine.
• a film formed by the use can be used. It was possible to obtain an 18 ⁇ m membrane with the H membrane.
• a resin pellet containing iodine and Z or a dichroic dye is also used.
• the film is stretched to obtain a polarizing film in which iodine, Z or a dichroic dye is strongly uniaxially oriented.
• the thickness of the polarizing film is about 5 m to 50 m. The force is not limited to this. Thickness — 15 ⁇ m polarizing film is obtained.
• LEDs and organic EL elements hardly contain ultraviolet light in their light-emitting components.
• a light-emitting diode (LED) or organic EL element is used for the backlight of a liquid crystal panel, ultraviolet light resistance can be ignored.
• the organic EL element is made of light such as SiO, SiN, Al 2 O, A1N, etc. in order to protect an organic substance serving as a light emitting layer of the organic EL element from moisture and oxygen.
• the polarizing film for the knock light is often disposed directly above the organic EL protective film.
• the protective film on one side of the polarizing film can be omitted. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide a protective film on the polarizing film as in the related art.
• the protective film include cellulose, polycarbonate, polyester, acryl, polyethersulfone, polyamide, polyimide, and polyolefin. Among them, cellulose such as triacetyl cellulose, polycarbonate, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, acryl and the like are preferably used.
• These protective layers may contain an ultraviolet absorber such as a salicylate compound, a benzophenol compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, or a nickel complex compound. Further, a hard coat layer, an anti-reflection layer, an anti-glare layer, and the like may be formed on the surface of the protective layer by performing various surface treatments.
• an ultraviolet absorber such as a salicylate compound, a benzophenol compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, or a nickel complex compound.
• a hard coat layer, an anti-reflection layer, an anti-glare layer, and the like may be formed on the surface of the protective layer by performing various surface treatments.
• the thickness of the protective layer is usually 80 ⁇ m or less, preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoints of thin film lightweight, protective function, handleability, and crack resistance during cutting. If it is 10 ⁇ m or more, it will not occur or break during transport.
• a coating type retardation film is formed by applying a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group onto a support by a general coating method to form a liquid crystal thin film.
• the surface of the liquid crystal thin film that is not in contact with the substrate is preferably in contact with dry air from which dust has been removed or an inert gas such as nitrogen, more preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen.
• the polymerizable liquid crystal composite is oriented at a temperature within a liquid crystal phase formation temperature range, and then polymerized to form a solid thin film.
• the thickness and birefringence of the retardation film are selected according to the phase control characteristics required of the liquid crystal display panel.
• the coating type retardation film is formed by directly applying the polymerizable liquid crystal composition to the support, the film thickness can be significantly reduced as compared with the lamination type retardation film.
• a retardation film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m can be obtained.
• Birefringence is usually variable in the range of 0.0 to 0.5 by changing the composition of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition, and film thickness and birefringence are required retardations such as 1Z2 wavelength plate and 1Z4 wavelength plate. It is easier to choose from the quantity and ease of manufacturing conditions.
• the polymerizable liquid crystal compound used in the present embodiment is not limited as long as it can be applied to a plastic sheet and can be oriented using the liquid crystal state of the compound.
• the compound needs to be a compound containing at least a part of the temperature range in which the polymerizable group does not cause thermal polymerization in the temperature range where the compound is in a liquid crystal state. Further, it is necessary that coating or orientation treatment can be performed within the temperature range.
• the thinner the film having a phase difference controlling function the more preferable, that is, a film having a high birefringence is preferable.
• a composition containing the following compound is exemplified.
• X represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
• the 6-membered ring ⁇ and C each independently represent
• N represents an integer of 0 or 1
• m represents an integer of 1 to 4
• Y 1 and Y 2 each independently represent a single bond, -CH 0- -0 CH -COO-- oco
• the coating type retardation film is provided with an alignment film on a transparent support, rubbing if necessary, coating a layer containing a polymerizable liquid crystal thereon, drying an unnecessary solvent, etc.
• the liquid crystals are aligned, and the liquid crystals are polymerized by decomposing the light or the heat polymerization initiator, which has been added to the light, by UV irradiation or heating. If necessary, a protective layer may be applied thereon.
• the polymerizable liquid crystal is preferably diluted with an appropriate solvent and applied. Since the properties differ depending on the structure of the liquid crystal, the solvent and concentration to be used cannot be specifically limited.However, considering the uniformity of the thin film, it is preferable to use a solvent with high solubility, such as methylene chloride or halogen such as chloroform. Compounds, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate, amides such as dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methyl-pyrrolidone ⁇ isopropanol and perfluoropropanol Such alcohols are preferably used.
• Typical examples of the alignment film provided on the support include a SiO vapor deposition film of an oblique inorganic vapor deposition film and a polyimide film obtained by rubbing an organic polymer film.
• a typical example of the organic alignment film is a polyimide film.
• polyamic acid for example, AL-1254 manufactured by JSR Corporation, SE-7210 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.
• polyamic acid for example, AL-1254 manufactured by JSR Corporation, SE-7210 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.
• the alignment ability can be imparted only by rubbing as required.
• most organic polymer films that form a hydrophobic surface such as polyvinyl butyral and polymethyl methacrylate, can impart liquid crystal alignment ability by rubbing the surface. Wear.
• a typical example of the inorganic oblique deposition film is a SiO oblique deposition film.
• SiO evaporation particles are also applied to the support surface in an oblique direction in a vacuum chamber, and an obliquely deposited film having a thickness of about 20 to 200 nm is formed to form an alignment film.
• the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer is directed to a specific direction on a plane perpendicular to the surface of the support, including the trajectory of the deposited SiO particles.
• Other methods for aligning the polymerizable liquid crystal coated on the support include magnetic field alignment and electric field alignment.
• the liquid crystal compound after applying the liquid crystal compound on the support, the liquid crystal compound can be obliquely oriented at a desired angle by using a magnetic field or an electric field.
• a general coating method can be used. That is, it can be formed as a liquid crystal thin film on a support through a drying step by a coating method such as flexographic mark J, gravure mark J, dip coating, curtain coating, and etastrusion coating.
• a polymerizable liquid crystal composition (A) was prepared.
• the obtained composition showed a nematic phase at room temperature, and the transition temperature of the nematic phase force to an isotropic phase was 47 ° C.
• n extraordinary refractive index
• n ordinary refractive index
• Polymerizable liquid crystal composition (C) consisting of 100 parts by weight of product (A) and 1 part by weight of photopolymerization initiator "IRG-651" (manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone.
• the obtained roll-shaped base film was coated with a gravure coater, and then irradiated with 365-nm ultraviolet rays at 160 mjZcm 2 at room temperature to cure the polymerizable liquid crystal composition to form a retardation film having a thickness of 1.
• This retardation film was confirmed to have a retardation of 138 nm with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm, and to function as a 1Z4 wavelength plate.
• Color Filter> There is a method of applying a coloring composition by an inkjet method.
• the color filter may be directly applied to the substrate, or may be transferred after forming a color filter on an intermediate support by an inkjet method.
• an example will be described in which an image is directly drawn on a substrate.
• the image may be transferred to the substrate after drawing on an intermediate supporting film. If the substrate is a flexible substrate, it is preferable to transfer it after drawing on an intermediate film in terms of manufacturing, but direct drawing does not pose a problem.
• a polyimide resin As the intermediate support, a polyimide resin, a PVA derivative resin, an acrylic resin, and an epoxy resin composition may be used.
• Examples of the resin material of the coloring composition used for forming the color filter layer include polyimide resin, PVA derivative resin, and acrylic resin, but are not particularly limited.
• acrylic resins include alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, cyclic acrylates or methacrylates, hydroxyethyl acrylates, and hydroxy methacrylates. From within 3— With five approximately monomers, molecular weight 5 X 10 3 - ⁇ fat synthesized to about 100 X 10 3 being preferred.
• a diluting monomer may be added as necessary.
• Diluent monomers include difunctional, trifunctional, and polyfunctional monomers.
• Bifunctional monomers include 1,6-hexanediol diatalylate, ethylene glycol diatalylate, neopentyl glycol cyanate, and triethylene glycol diatalylate.
• Trifunctional monomers such as trimethylolpropane triatalylate, pentaerythritol triatalylate, and tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanate; and trifunctional monomers such as ditrimethylolpropane tetraatalylate and dipentaerythritol. Examples include penta and hexatalylate.
• the amount of the diluting monomer to be added is preferably about 20 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the acrylic resin.
• the pigment used for preparing the coloring composition as the organic dye, as a red pigment, I. No. 9, 19, 81, 97, 122, 123, 144, 146, 149, 168, 169 , 177, 180, 192, 215, etc., CI No. 7, 36 as a green pigment, CI No. 15: 1, 15: 2, 15: 3, 15: 4, 15: 6, 22, 22, CI No. 23 as purple pigment such as 60, 64
• yellow pigments examples include C. I. Nos. 83, 138, 139, 101, 3, 74, 13, 34, and carbon blacks.
• the extender includes barium sulfate, barium carbonate, alumina white, titanium and the like.
• Examples of the dispersant used for preparing the coloring composition include a surfactant, a pigment intermediate, a dye intermediate, and solsperse.
• a surfactant e.g., a surfactant, a pigment intermediate, a dye intermediate, and solsperse.
• derivatives of organic dyes azo, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, anthraquinone, berylen, thioindico, thioxane and metal complex salt derivatives are suitable.
• the derivatives of these organic dyes are appropriately selected from those having a substituent such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a sulfone group, a carboxamide group, a sulfonamide group, etc., in terms of dispersibility.
• the mixing ratio of the pigment is about 50 to 150 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic resin, and the mixing ratio of the dispersant is about 110 to 10 parts by weight of the pigment.
• an appropriate pigment is added as needed to adjust the spectral characteristics of the color filter.
• the thermal crosslinking agent used for preparing the coloring composition include melamine resin and epoxy resin.
• melamine resins include alkylated melamine resins (methylated melamine resins, butylated melamine resins, etc.), mixed etherified melamine resins, etc. good.
• Examples of the epoxy resin include glycerol, polyglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane 'polyglycidyl ether, resorcin' diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol. Diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol 'diglycidyl ether, and ethylene. Glycol (polyethylene glycol) 'diglycidyl ether.
• the mixing ratio of the thermal crosslinking agent is preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight of the thermal crosslinking agent to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic resin.
• a solvent used for preparing the coloring composition toluene, xylene, ethylcellosolve, ethylsolvent acetate, diglyme, cyclohexanone, ethyl lactate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and the like are preferable.
• One or more solvents are appropriately selected depending on the monomer composition, the thermal crosslinking agent, the diluting monomer and the like.
• the coloring composition used for forming the color filter layer is composed of the above-described resin, pigment, dispersant, thermal crosslinking agent, solvent, and the like.
• a chip is kneaded using three rolls to mix the acrylic resin and the pigment.
• a paste is prepared by adding a dispersant and a solvent to the chip.
• a thermal crosslinking agent and a diluent monomer are added to the paste to form a coating composition for the coloring composition.
• the black (black matrix), red, green, and blue coating liquids are applied in a predetermined pattern on a supporting substrate by an ink jet method.
• Ink jet devices include a piezo conversion method and a heat conversion method depending on the method of ejecting ink, and the piezo conversion method is particularly preferable. It is preferable to use a device that has an ink particleization frequency of about 5 to ⁇ , a nozzle diameter of about 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, four heads, and one head with 1,000 nozzles.
• the number of heads varies depending on the number of colors to be applied. In the case of three colors of red, green, and blue, three heads may be arranged. The number of heads should be at least the same as the type of color to be applied. It is preferable to change the color for each head.
• a resin or solvent of a coating liquid is used in advance to adjust ink receptivity or wettability.
• An undercoat layer may be provided in accordance with the above.
• polyimide resin, PVA derivative resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin composition and the like can be used, and porous particles such as silicon oxide and alumina may be added thereto.
• the matrix light-shielding layer can be formed by a photolithography method or the above-described transfer method, and may be formed before or after forming a color filter layer by an inkjet method.
• an overcoat layer may be formed on the color filter layer. This is used to supplement the performance of the color filter layer such as flatness in appearance, moisture resistance in chemical resistance, chemical resistance, etc., and also to secure a barrier property to prevent substances eluted from the color filter layer. It is something that can be done.
• a transparent resin such as a thermosetting acrylic copolymer containing maleimide and an epoxy resin composition is preferable. The color filter formed on the supporting substrate can be transferred to the substrate.
• a color filter film of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m can be formed, and in this example, a color filter film having a film thickness of 1.5 m was obtained.
• the color filter is not limited to the present embodiment, and any material and manufacturing method may be used as long as the color filter film has a film thickness of several / zm.
• Liquid crystal panels The first substrate, in which the above color filter film and spacer are laminated sequentially on a TFT glass substrate for liquid crystal panels, and the polarizing film, retardation film, sequentially laminated on the substrate on which the organic EL element is formed.
• a liquid crystal aligning agent for example, a roll coater method, a spinner method, a printing method, an ink jet method, etc., is applied to a second substrate on which a transparent electrode having an ITO force of 200 nm is formed by sputtering as an opposite electrode of the liquid crystal element.
• a coating film is formed by heating the application surface.
• a functional silane-containing compound, a functional titanium-containing compound, or the like may be applied in advance to the surface of the substrate in order to further improve the adhesion between the substrate surface and the coating film. it can.
• the heating temperature after application of the liquid crystal aligning agent is lower than the heat resistance temperature of each of the functional film A and the functional film B, preferably 80-230 ° C, more preferably 100-200 ° C. You. [0147]
• the film thickness of the formed coating film is preferably 0.001 to 1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.005 to 0.5 ⁇ m. In this example, an alignment film having a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m was formed.
• Rubbing treatment is performed in which the formed coating film surface is rubbed in a certain direction with a roll around which a cloth having fibrous strength such as nylon, rayon or cotton is wound. Thereby, the alignment ability of the liquid crystal molecules is imparted to the coating film to form a liquid crystal alignment film.
• liquid crystal is injected into a gap between the alignment film of the first substrate and the alignment film of the second substrate, which are opposed to each other, and sealing is performed by disposing a sealing material (not shown). Then, the liquid crystal panel of the present embodiment using the organic EL element as a backlight is formed.
• the polarizing film was stretched while heating a thin film of polybutyl alcohol, and was immersed in a solution containing a large amount of iodine, commonly referred to as H ink, to absorb the iodine.
• H ink a solution containing a large amount of iodine, commonly referred to as H ink, to absorb the iodine.
• the H film had a thickness of 12 m.
• the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes in Fig. 1 is determined by the definition of the active drive type liquid crystal panel. For example, R (red), G (green), and B (blue) at a definition of 200 ppi (pixel per inch)
• the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is usually 2-6 ⁇ m.
• the distance between the pixel electrode and the reflection film was about 20 to 24 m, and was 22 ⁇ m when manufactured with the structure shown in FIG.
• the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes of about 42 ⁇ m is about 1Z2, and the interval between the pixel electrodes and the reflective film can be configured to be sufficiently smaller than the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes.
• the linearly polarized light that has also entered the liquid crystal layer 106 with the upward force shown in FIG. 1 changes its polarization state and transmits through the liquid crystal layer 106, and almost completely transmits through the polarizing layer 110.
• the linearly polarized light sequentially passes through a protective film (not shown), the transparent electrode 111 of the organic EL element, and the organic EL layer 112 serving as a light emitting layer, and is reflected by the reflective electrode 113. Therefore, the reflective electrode 113 of the backlight functions as a reflective film.
• the reflected linearly polarized light transmits through the organic EL layer 112, the transparent electrode 111, the protective film (not shown), the polarizing layer 110, and the retardation film 109, which are to be the light emitting layers, in this order. It reaches 106.
• This light is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 106 after its polarization state is changed, and is hardly absorbed by the color filter 104. Further, this light passes through the transparent pixel electrode 103 of the pixel and the glass substrate 101 in order, and is radiated to the outside without being absorbed by the polarizing layer 100, the retardation plate, and the antireflection film (not shown). Is done. Therefore, this pixel displays the color determined by the color filter 104 brightest.
• the light transmitted through the color filter 104 which does not change the polarization state of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 106, is conversely changed to a phase difference plate, a polarizing layer, and an antireflection film ( (Not shown) absorbs almost completely. Therefore, this pixel displays black. This pixel displays a neutral color because light is partially transmitted in the intermediate state between these two. It will be.
• the retardation film 109 operates even if it is not necessary in the sense of expanding the viewing angle.
• the operation of the reflective liquid crystal panel described above is the same as the operation of the reflective liquid crystal panel generally known as a two-polarizer type.
• the present invention is characterized in that the electrode of the organic EL element as a backlight is also used as a reflector, and that the distance between the reflector and the color filter is smaller than the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes. It is. In other words, since it has a backlight, it also functions as a transmissive liquid crystal panel, so that visibility in various places is ensured. Further, if the interval between the reflector and the pixel electrode is substantially equal to or smaller than the arrangement pitch of the pixel electrodes, the light utilization efficiency of external light obliquely incident on the pixel electrode does not decrease. The reason for this is that the incident light does not leak to the adjacent color filter due to the color filter force.
• the light is not reflected on the reflective electrode when the reflective filter functions as a reflective liquid crystal panel. It is possible to suppress the phenomenon of reflection of the external world image caused by the reflection.
• the material into which such a material that diffuses light is mixed is not limited to a color filter.
• a dedicated diffusion layer may be formed of the same material and inserted between the upper substrate and the reflective electrode.
• the reflective electrode of the organic EL element as a knock light is formed to have an uneven shape of about 1 m in height, and the size of the uneven portion is reduced.
• the distribution may be random.
• the reflective electrode of the organic EL element since the reflective electrode of the organic EL element has a function of diffusing light, the above-described problem of reflection of an external image can be solved.
• the material of the color filter is conductive, the voltage applied to the transparent electrode of the pixel can be reduced in order to apply a predetermined voltage to the liquid crystal. Therefore, it is desirable that the material of the color filter be conductive.
• the color filter, the polarizing film, the retardation film, and the alignment film used in the present example satisfy the characteristics that are not limited to those of the example, and the thinner the film thickness, the better.
• the liquid crystal element portion has a thin film transistor and a wire formed on the electrode (electrode formed on the glass substrate 101) on the side to which external light is incident, but has a counter electrode formed thereon.
• the same configuration and operation are performed. It is obvious that the manufacturing method can be performed similarly.
• a first modification of the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
• the first embodiment differs from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in that the color filter film is formed on the substrate.
• a color filter film 104 on a first substrate 101, a color filter film 104, a thin film transistor, and a wiring
• a TFT glass substrate for a liquid crystal panel on which the pixel electrodes 103 are formed a TFT glass substrate for a liquid crystal panel on which the pixel electrodes 103 are formed.
• a substrate made of an organic resin other than glass can be used by using a manufacturing method described separately.
• a substrate on which an organic EL element having a reflective electrode 113, an organic EL layer 112, a transparent electrode 111, a polarizing film 110, a retardation film 109, and a counter electrode 108 is formed is formed on a substrate 114.
• a polarizing film 110 and a retardation film 109 are sequentially laminated on a first substrate on which a spacer is formed and a substrate on which an organic EL element is formed on a TFT substrate for a liquid crystal panel. Then, alignment films 105 and 107 are formed on a second substrate on which a 200 nm transparent electrode having ITO power, which is an opposite electrode of the liquid crystal element, is formed by sputtering, and the gap between the opposed alignment films is filled with liquid crystal. A sealed liquid crystal panel is formed. The operation is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
• a thin film flat light emitting element portion made of organic EL is not exposed to high temperatures, so even if a substrate made of an organic resin other than a glass substrate is used, a temperature of 200 ° C-250 ° Any material may be used as long as it is a heat-resistant substrate at the C position. This is the same for the first embodiment and other modified examples of the present invention. Even with the structure of Example 1, a substrate other than glass can be used if the following manufacturing method is adopted.
• a thin film transistor is formed on a color filter, and is manufactured by a method shown in FIG.
• an electrode protective film it is manufactured in the same manner as in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 6A, a protective film 130 is bonded to the transistor forming surface of the support substrate (glass substrate, quartz substrate, silicon substrate, or organic resin substrate) 128 on which the transistor array layer 129 is formed. Paste using the agent. In the present embodiment, description is made on the case where a glass substrate is used.
• the substrate with the protective film is The glass substrate is immersed in a polishing solution 24 and etched on the back side. As this glass etching solution, notched hydrofluoric acid or the like is suitable in addition to hydrofluoric acid. After etching the entire glass substrate, as shown in FIG.
• a substrate 131 having a color filter layer formed on the substrate surface in advance is attached to the etched surface using an adhesive.
• the transfer is completed and the element layer is formed on the base film.
• the support substrate 128 may be polished (either mechanical polishing or chemical mechanical polishing) besides etching, and may be peeled off in the case of an organic resin substrate.
• the bonding between the protective film 130 and the substrate or between the substrate and the transistor array layer may be performed by using an adhesive instead of using an adhesive, or by using a heat-pressure method.
• the substrate 131 may be a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or a substrate made of an organic resin, which is the same as the supporting substrate.
• the thickness is not limited. For this reason, unlike the first embodiment, there is no limit to the thickness of the color filter film! Therefore, no problem occurs even when using such a type of color filter! However, if a thin film is considered, it is preferable to use a thin film type color filter film.
• the thin film transistor is formed on the electrode of the liquid crystal element on the side to which external light is incident.
• a thin film transistor can be formed on a substrate by the above method.
• a counter electrode is provided on the side where external light is incident.
• Modification 2 is an example in which the color filter layer 104 is disposed on the liquid crystal 106 side of the counter electrode 108.
• the description of the same parts as in the first embodiment and the first modification is omitted, but in the second modification, A counter electrode 108, a color filter 104, an alignment film 105, and a liquid crystal 106 are formed in this order.
• the color filter 104 may be arranged anywhere on the liquid crystal 106 side with respect to the reflective electrode 113 and on the liquid crystal 106 with respect to the organic EL layer 112 serving as a light emitting layer. .
• the retardation film 109 and the polarizing film 110 may be provided between the liquid crystal 106 and the organic EL layer 112 serving as a light emitting layer.
• the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the distance between the reflective film and the pixel electrode to which the external light of the liquid crystal is incident is made smaller than the distance between the pixel electrodes of the liquid crystal element.
• the present invention can be realized by variously modifying the structure of the liquid crystal element, the backlight and the structure within the scope of the gist, and it goes without saying that these modifications are included.
• the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is mounted as a display device of an electronic device.
• it is effective to use it as a display device for portable electronic devices (mobile phones, digital cameras, digital video cameras, notebook personal computers, PDAs, etc.) used both indoors and outdoors. It is.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Nonlinear Science (AREA)
• Mathematical Physics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Liquid Crystal (AREA)
• Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
• Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=35150148

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (20)

Citations (10)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2004
  • 2004-03-31 JP JP2004106300A patent/JP2005292407A/ja active Pending
  • 2004-12-08 US US10/574,044 patent/US20070258022A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-12-08 KR KR1020067006422A patent/KR20060079241A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2004-12-08 EP EP04821899A patent/EP1731949A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2004-12-08 WO PCT/JP2004/018243 patent/WO2005101107A1/ja not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (10)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events