Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
  • C11D17/006—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets containing mainly surfactants, but no builders, e.g. syndet bar
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
  • A61K8/26—Aluminium; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
  • A61K8/29—Titanium; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
  • A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
  • A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/737—Galactomannans, e.g. guar; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q1/00—Make-up preparations; Body powders; Preparations for removing make-up
  • A61Q1/02—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0089—Pearlescent compositions; Opacifying agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
  • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
  • C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
  • C11D3/126—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in solid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
  • C11D3/2079—Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
  • C11D3/3776—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. lactam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
  • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
  • C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
  • C11D9/225—Polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/20—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
  • A61K2800/26—Optical properties

Definitions

• the present invention relates to compositions delivering solid particulate optical modifiers (e.g., titanium dioxide, mica, etc.) delivering enhanced visual benefits (gloss, shine, color) to the skin using specific deposition systems capable of delivering the optical modifiers from rinse-off bar compositions to provide specific optical attributes (e.g., to enhance reflectance by a certain per cent value, and/or to change unit lightness or color values in amounts previously not possible in rinse-off systems) .
• solid particulate optical modifiers e.g., titanium dioxide, mica, etc.
• enhanced visual benefits gloss, shine, color
• the enhancement is obtained by use of a specific deposition system (e.g., cationic polymer/ anionic surfactant precipitates) and/or by ensuring dispersion of particles (e.g., little or no agglomeration) onto skin or deposited substrate.
• the deposition system comprises oil/emollient (separately prepared as an emulsion, wherein the separately prepared emulsion is mixed with the composition at a separate time; or is added separately and becomes part of the particle/oil emulsion during dilution of the compound) , although it is not necessary that the deposition system comprises oil/emollient.
• optical modifiers delivering these properties are not readily deposited, are readily rinsed off and, because they readily agglomerate, are not in a sufficiently dispersed state to be efficiently delivered to substrate, which is another way to say that they rinse off too easily.
• compositions and ways to manipulate such compositions to provide specific optical benefits from rinse-off systems. That is, using deposition enhancement systems (e.g., characterized, for example, by precipitates formed through interaction of polymers and surfactants and, at least in one embodiment of the invention, wherein the deposition system also comprises oil/emollient) , modifiers associated with specified optical properties (e.g. gloss, whiteness, degree of "blueness”) can be dispersed and delivered to provide desired optical attributes (i.e., by providing sufficient change in absolute or percentage values of the components to result in perceived optical changes) . Changes in optical attributes previously unobtainable from wash-off/rinse-off systems are provided by selecting the specified components.
• deposition enhancement systems e.g., characterized, for example, by precipitates formed through interaction of polymers and surfactants and, at least in one embodiment of the invention, wherein the deposition system also comprises oil/emollient
• specified optical properties e.g. gloss, whiteness, degree of "blueness”
• the invention comprises as follows :
• Beauty wash product compositions for delivery of enhanced (changed) visual benefits to the skin with specific optical attributes comprising: a) from 5.0 % to about 90 %, preferably 5 % to 75 %, more preferably 10 % to 75 % by weight surfactant selected from anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants and mixtures thereof; b) from 0.1 % to 35 %, preferably 0.2 % to 25 % by weight of solid particulate optical modifier which exhibits a specific set of optical properties (e.g., defining radiance or shine_ ( ⁇ gloss), whiteness ( ⁇ L) , degree of red or greenness ( ⁇ a*), degree of yellow or blueness ( ⁇ b*), change in opacity) and which, in combination with a deposition enhancement system, provides at least 5 % improvement (i.e., 5 % change) in at least one visual attribute being targeted (e.g., shine, color) , wherein values reflecting various optical properties are measured before or after conducting tests according to
• a deposition enhancement system wherein the deposition enhancement system enhances delivery to the skin of a target or defined visual attribute (e.g. shine) by the optical modifier relative to a composition that has the same surfactant and optical modifier used at the same concentration, but does not have the deposition enhancement system; and d) from about 0.1 % to 90 %, (preferably 0.1 % to 45 % for liquids and 0.1 % to 80 % for bars) of a hydrophilic structural dispersant (e.g., polyalkylene glycol) .
• a hydrophilic structural dispersant e.g., polyalkylene glycol
• the deposition enhancement system may comprise oil/emollient, in a preferred embodiment, it will.
• the changes in visual attribute may be measured by a change in value of at least one component (gloss value, color value defined by an a* or b* value) of at least 5 % in absolute or per cent terms.
• the present invention relates to composition and to methods of delivering enhancement in delivery of a targeted visual value (e.g., reflectance/shine; opacity/translucency; whiteness; blueness; rosiness) from rinse-off compositions.
• a targeted visual value e.g., reflectance/shine; opacity/translucency; whiteness; blueness; rosiness
• the targeted values can be manipulated to deliver the desired attribute or look.
• the enhanced attribute can be delivered from a variety of forms which include facial cleansers, rinse-off bathing cleansers and bars.
• the rinse-off compositions of the invention comprise: a) 5.0 % to 90 %, preferably 5 % to 75 %, more preferably 10 % to 75 % by wt . of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants; b) 0.1 % to 35 %, preferably 0.2 % to 25 % by wt . of a solid particulate optical modifier enhancing a specific set of properties (e.g. whiteness) and which, in combination with deposition enhancement system for the modifier (e.g.
• precipitate formed from interaction of polymer and surfactant provides at least 5 % change in at least one targeted visual attribute, wherein said change is defined by increase or decrease in absolute or percentage value characterizing a specific trait (i.e., ⁇ gloss is associated with radiance or ⁇ L with whiteness), and evaluation is made after using a defined in vitro skin protocol test; c) from 0.1 % to 25 % by wt . of said deposition enhancement system wherein, said system (c) is defined by its ability to enhance delivery of said targeted visual attribute, by the modifier relative to composition with some surfactant and modifier at same concentration, but which does not have the deposition enhancement system, and d) from 0.1 % to 90 % by wt. of a hydrophilic structural dispersant;
• the deposition enhancement system comprises oil/emollient.
• the surfactant system used is also not critical. It is, however, preferred that there be present at least one lathering anionic surfactant.
• Surfactant is present at a level of 0.5 % to 90 %, preferably 5 % to 75 %, more preferably 10 % to 75 %, even more preferably 20 % to 70 %, by wt . of composition depending on product form.
• the surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of soap (including pure soap systems) , anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, amphoteric/ zwitterionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and mixtures thereof.
• Soap is used is in the popular sense i.e., an alkali metal or alkanol ammonium salts of aliphatic, alkane or alkene onocarboxylic acids.
• Other surfactants which may be used are described in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents” (Vol. I & II) by Schwartz, Perry & Berch, a copy of which is incorporated by reference into the subject application.
• Bars may include pure soap bars, bars which are primarily (>50 % of surfactant system) soap and have some synthetic, bars which are primarily synthetic and have some soap, bars which are primarily sugar based bars, bars which are primarily polyethylene glycol based bars, etc.
• these attributes may include, but are not limited to, attributes such as skin shine, skin lightness, skin color, skin glow, skin radiance, skin optical uniformity, skin evenness, and combinations thereof.
• the particulate optical modifier should provide, in combination with deposition enhancement system, at least a 5 % change in a visual attribute being targeted, wherein 5 % increase refers to at least one of various values (L, a*, b* gloss, etc.) which is associated with a particular attribute identified with the value (e.g.; L refers to "whiteness") .
• improvement is measured by taking a value for a particular measured component (for example, gloss value, L value, a* value, b* value) and measuring (e.g. using an in- vitro pig assay) values of these components before and after application of particle deposition enhancement system.
• a value for a particular measured component for example, gloss value, L value, a* value, b* value
• measuring e.g. using an in- vitro pig assay
• optical benefit provided by the deposition of optical modifier can be targeted to either plateaux on the skin surface, or to skin crevices.
• the composition of the invention (with modifier and added deposition system relative to composition with no deposition) deposits modifier to exhibit ⁇ L values in range of 0 to ⁇ 10 "L" units, wherein said L units are defined by Hunter Lab Color Meter as described in the protocol, reflectance change in range of 0 to about ⁇ 300 % as defined by a change in measured gloss from a gloss meter; and change in opacity in range from about 0 to ⁇ 50 % measured in opacity contrast defined as ⁇ L divided by 60; wherein, at least one value has a change of at least 5 % from the initial value prior to delivery of modifier.
• L units are defined by Hunter Lab Color Meter as described in the protocol, reflectance change in range of 0 to about ⁇ 300 % as defined by a change in measured gloss from a gloss meter; and change in opacity in range from about 0 to ⁇ 50 % measured in opacity contrast defined as ⁇ L divided by 60; wherein, at least one value has a change of at least 5 %
• the formulation deposition of modifier creates a change in skin shine, glow or similar attributes, and the particulate optical modifier deposits to exhibit ⁇ L values in range of about 0 to about ⁇ 10 L units, reflectance change in the range from 0 to about ⁇ 300 % change in gloss, and a change in opacity in a range of 0 ⁇ 20 %, wherein, ⁇ a* and ⁇ b* are within normal skin range.
• Maintaining a normal skin range means that ⁇ a* and ⁇ b* are ⁇ 2 ⁇ a* or ⁇ b* units, respectively, preferably less than 1 unit.
• the formulation deposition of modifier creates skin lightening, whitening, and/or color or similar attributes and the composition deposits particulate optical modifier to exhibit ⁇ L value in the range of ⁇ 10 L units, ⁇ a* value in range from about 0 to about ⁇ 10, ⁇ b* value in range from about 0 to about ⁇ 10, and a change in opacity in the range from about 0 to about ⁇ 50 %.
• the reflectance is within normal skin reflectancy range. In this case, this means change in reflectance is ⁇ 10 %.
• there is more of a focus on ⁇ a* and ⁇ b* values since there is a focus on general color attributes.
• the formulation creates skin optical uniformity, evenness, blurring, soft focus or similar attributes
• the composition deposits particulate optical modifier to exhibit ⁇ L values in the range of ⁇ 5 L units, a reflectance change in the range from about 0 to about ⁇ 100 % (gloss units) and a change in the opacity in the range from about 0 to about ⁇ 50 % (defined by ⁇ L /60), wherein ⁇ a* and ⁇ b* are within normal skin color range, (change of ⁇ 2 a* or b* units respectively) .
• the formulation can be formulated to yield a mixture of one or more effects/visual attributes, depending on the exact mixture of -particles and/or particle types and/or deposition enhancement. Obtaining specific visual attributes of this kind by manipulating L or a* or b* or gloss value has not been previously possible from a wash-off system.
• any individual visual effect can be obtained by adjusting the optical space to specifically desired optical space within ranges of, for example, ⁇ L, ⁇ a*, ⁇ b*, etc. It should be noted, if not already clear, that ranges can be manipulated to obtain effect for one or more attributes or mixtures thereof.
• the structurant of the invention can be a water-soluble or water insoluble structurant.
• Water-soluble structurants include moderately high molecular weight polyalkylene oxides of appropriate melting point (e.g. 40°C to 100°C, preferably 50°C to 90°C) and in particular polyethylene glycols or mixtures thereof.
• Polyethylene glycols which are used may have a molecular weight in the range 2,000 to 25,000, preferably 3,000 to 10,000. However, in some embodiments of this invention it is preferred to include a fairly small quantity of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range from 50,000 to 500,000, especially molecular weights of around 100,000. Such polyethylene glycols have been found to improve the wear rate of the bars. It is believed that this is because their long polymer chains remain entangled even when the bar composition is wetted during use.
• the quantity is preferably from 1 % to 5 %, more preferably from 1 % or 1.5 % to 4 % or 4.5 % by weight of the composition.
• These materials will generally be used jointly with a large quantity of other water-soluble structurant such as the above mentioned polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 2,000 to 25,000, preferably 3,000 to 10,000.
• Water insoluble structurants also typically have a melting point in the range 40° to 100°C, more preferably at least 50°C, notably 50°C to 90°C.
• Suitable materials which are particularly envisage are fatty acids, particularly those having a carbon chain of 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Examples are lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic and behenic acids and mixtures thereof. Sources of these fatty acids are coconut, topped coconut, palm, palm kernel, babassu and tallow fatty acids and partially or fully hardened fatty acids or distilled fatty acids.
• Other suitable water insoluble structurants include alkenols of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly cetyl alcohol. These materials generally have a water solubility of less than 5 g/litre at 20°C.
• Soaps e.g. sodium stearate
• the soaps may be added neat or made in situ by adding a base, e.g. NaOH to convert free fatty acids .
• the relative proportions of the water-soluble structurants and water insoluble structurants govern the rate at which the bar wears during use. The presence of the water- insoluble structurant tends to delay dissolution of the bar when exposed to water during use, and hence retard the rate of wear.
• the structurant is used in the bar in an amount of 20 % to 85 %, preferably 30 % to 70 % by wt .
• water-soluble is meant generally that 1 % or more of compound is soluble in water at room temperature.
• optical modifier which may be used for the subject invention may be chosen from non-colored and colored, organic and inorganic materials.
• organic pigments such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, colored iron oxide, chromium oxide/hydroxide/hydrate, alumina, silica, zirconia, barium sulfate, silicates, natural/alkaloid (including derivatives) polymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon,' ultramarine, and alkaline earth carbonates.
• the materials can be platy materials such as talc, sericite, mica, synthetic mica, platy substrate coated with organic and inorganic molecules, bismuth oxychloride, and barium sulfate.
• Particles can be composed of several materials (such as dyes, lakes, toners) . Lakes are, for example, dyes with aluminum .hydroxide to help bind to solid. Color can be generated through fluorescence, absorption or iridescence. That is, the color of modifier materials is generated through optical means rather than, for example, chemical means.
• the optical modifier may also be a UV screen material with a D 5 0 ⁇ 100 nanometers (where D50 means the size of 50 % of particles is in this instance ⁇ 100 nm. )
• the optical modifiers may also be defined by their physical properties.
• the optical modifier may be broadly defined as follows: i) an exterior surface having a refractive index of 1.3 to 4.0; ii) a geometry which is spheroidal, platy or cylindrical; iii) dimensions: spheroidal - 0.1 to 200 ⁇ m, platy - 1 to 200 ⁇ m, cylindrical - 1 to 200 ⁇ m in length and 0.5 to 5.0 ⁇ m in diameter; iv) a D5 0 of ⁇ 200 microns in particle size; v) may have fluorescence color, absorption color and/or interference color (color through optics) .
• particles providing change in shine/glow/ radiance may be defined as follows: i) an exterior surface having a refractive index of 1.8 to 4.0; ii) a geometry which is platy or cylindrical; iii) dimensions: spheroidal - 0.1 to 200 ⁇ m (microns), platy - 10 to 200 ⁇ m, cylindrical - 10 to 200 ⁇ m in length and 0.5 to 5.0 ⁇ m in diameter; iv) a D50 of ⁇ 200 ⁇ m in particle size.
• Particles providing skin lightening/color may be defined as follows : i) an exterior surface having a refractive index of 1.3 to 4.0; ii) a geometry which is spheroidal or platy; iii) dimensions: spheroidal - 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m, platy - 1 to 30 ⁇ m; iv) a D50 of ⁇ 300 ⁇ m in particle size; v) may have fluorescence color, absorption color and/or interference color (color through optics) .
• Particles producing evenness or soft focus may be defined as follows: i) an exterior surface having a refractive index of 1.3 to 2.0; ii) a geometry which is spheroidal, platy or cylindrical; iii) dimensions: spheroidal - 0.1 to 200 ⁇ m, platy - 1 to 10 ⁇ m, cylindrical - 1 to 10 ⁇ m in length and 0.5 to 5.0 ⁇ m in diameter; iv) a D5 0 of ⁇ 200 ⁇ m in particle size.
• the formulation can contain a mixture of particles, each containing characteristics of a specific visual benefit, to create a combination of visual effects. It is also to be understood that for visual effects/ attributes to have maximum effect, the particles have to be well dispersed on the skin, and should also give minimal to no sensory negatives.
• less than 30 % of particles are agglomerates having a size of ten times or more than the D 50 particles size. This can be measured using optical or electron microscopy.
• the particle is used at about 0.1 % to 35 % by weight preferably 0.2 % to 25 % by wt . , of the composition.
• the deposition enhancement is key to the delivery of particles providing enhanced visual benefit (e.g. as defined in changes in ⁇ L, ⁇ a*, etc. and in methods to manipulate the values to provide the desired benefit, e.g. radiance, color, etc. ) .
• the deposition is provided by a deposition system comprising as follows: , a) from about 0.1 % to about 10 % by wt . , preferably 0.1 % to 8 % by wt. of a cationic polymer having change density >lMeq/gram, and b) about 0.1 % to 30 % by wt . , preferably 0.5 % to 25 % by wt. of an anionic surfactant which forms a precipitate with cationic polymer upon dilution.
• the precipitate formed can be a floe which can be broken up upon shear or rubbing to form a uniform and dispersed film on the surface of the skin.
• surfactants examples include C ⁇ o - C2 4 fatty acid soaps (e.g., laurates) , alkyl taurate (e.g., cocoyl methyl taurate or other alkyl taurates) , sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfates, glycinates, sarcosinates and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable polymers may be modified polysaccharides including cationic guar gums, synthetic cationic polymers, cationic starches, etc.
• Specific cationic polymers which are to be used include Merquat® polymers such as polyquaternium 6 (e.g.,
• Merquat®2200 or Salcare®SC10 Merquat®2200 or Salcare®SC10 ; guar gums and/or derivatives (e.g. Jaguar CI7) ; quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylate - l ⁇ copolymers (e.g., Gafquat® 775); and polyquaternium-16 (e.g.; Luviquat®FC550) .
• guar gums and/or derivatives e.g. Jaguar CI7
• quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylate - l ⁇ copolymers e.g., Gafquat® 775
• polyquaternium-16 e.g.; Luviquat®FC550
• the deposition system comprises oil/emollient.
• the oil/emollient which may comprise part of deposition system can be, for example, silicone, castor oil, or sunflower seed oil.
• the deposited particle may be enveloped/ surrounded by the oil and/or be part of an emulsion system in which deposited particles are emulsified in the oil/emollient, or becomes enveloped/surrounded during dilution with water.
• the oil/emollient emulsion may be separately prepared and added to the composition at separate time, or it may be added separately and become part of particle/oil emulsion during dilution.
• Such particles suspended in oil for example, is bismuth oxychloride suspended in castor oil (e.g., Rona®
• Biron Silver a 70 % solids suspension in castor oil
• deposition aids may include granular anionic polymers (e.g. alkaloid polymer such as starch, cellulose or their derivatives) . That is, if the deposition system additionally comprises such deposition aids, results are further enhanced. Incorporation of the emollient as part of the deposition system as noted above boosts the deposition system.
• the enhancement would generally be, for example, at least 10 % in some value (e. g., gloss, ⁇ L, ⁇ a* or ⁇ b*) relative to if no emollient is added to the deposition system at all.
• oils/emollients may be used which are not specifically associated with deposition and which are added for sensory (e.g., tactile) effect.
• oils which may be used are included, for example, vegetable oils such as orachis oil, castor oil, cocoa butter, coconut oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, palm kernel oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, safflower seed oil, sesame seed oil and soybean oil.
• Emollients may include the vegetable oils noted above and may further comprise esters, fatty acids, alcohols, polyols and hydrocarbons. Esters may be mono- or di-esters.
• fatty di-esters include dibutyl adipate, diethyl sebacate, diisopropyl dimerate, and dioctyl succinate.
• Acceptable branched chain fatty esters include 2-ethyl-hexyl myristate, isopropyl stearate and isostearyl palmitate.
• Acceptable tri-basic acid esters include triisopropyl trilinoleate and trilauryl citrate.
• Acceptable straight chain fatty esters include lauryl palmitate, myristyl lactate, oleyl eurcate and stearyl oleate.
• Preferred esters include coco-caprylate and co-caprate, propylene glycol myristyl ether acetate, diisopropyl adipate and cetyl octanoate.
• Suitable fatty alcohols and acids include those compounds having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Especially preferred are such compounds such as cetyl, myristyl, palmitic and stearyl alcohols and acids.
• polyols which may serve as emollients are linear and branched chain alkyl polyhydroxyl compounds.
• propylene glycol, sorbitol and glycerin are preferred.
• polymeric polyols such as polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol.
• hydrocarbons which may serve as emollients are those having hydrocarbon chains anywhere from 12 to 30 carbon atoms. Specific examples include mineral oil, petroleum jelly, squalene and isoparaffins .
• Yet another way to enhance deposition may be through modification (e.g. surface modification) of particles.
• the deposition enhancement system may comprise: 1) from 0.1 % to 10 % by wt . of an anionic polymer having charge density of at least _> 1.0 Meq/gram; 2) from about 0.1 % to 30 % .cationic surfactant which forms a precipitate with the anionic polymer upon dilution; and 3) optionally 0.1 % to 40 % by wt. oil/emollient.
• the precipitate can also be a floe which can be broken up on shear or rubbing and form a uniform and dispersed film on the skin surface.
• the cationic surfactant may typically be a quaternary amino surfactant or an amphoteric such as betaine (e.g., cocoamidopropyl betaine) .
• the anionic polymer may typically be a polyacrylate, cross- linked polyacrylate, polyurethane and/or alkaloid derived polymer (e.g., starch, cellulose and derivatives), polysaccharide (e.g. xanthan gum), agar and/or mixtures thereof.
• Oils/emollients may include any of those noted above.
• This system may also additionally comprise 0.1 % to 30 % granular anionic polymer which is natural alkaloid polymer (starch, cellulose and derivatives) as a deposition aid.
• granular anionic polymer which is natural alkaloid polymer (starch, cellulose and derivatives) as a deposition aid.
• the opacity of washable deposition was calculated from Hunter Lab color measurements. Opacity contrast was calculated from ⁇ L (change in whiteness after deposition compared to prior to deposition) divided by 60 (which is the difference in L value of skin and a pure white color) . Examples 1-5
• compositions show changes in -value (i.e. ⁇ gloss (%), ⁇ L, ⁇ a*, ⁇ b*, as seen at bottom of chart) when surfactant and deposition systems are used relative to compositions either without the same ingredients and/or with different or no deposition systems.
• systems of the invention create optical attributes ( ⁇ L, ⁇ a*, etc.) which vary in change of the value (and accordingly with the attribute which is highlighted) depending on exact particle, size of particle, and deposition system used.
• ⁇ L, ⁇ a*, etc. optical attributes which vary in change of the value (and accordingly with the attribute which is highlighted) depending on exact particle, size of particle, and deposition system used.
• Examples 1 to 5 are Jaguar C13S based formulations, which show some deposition.
• Examples 1 and 2 have 20 % Ti ⁇ 2 and 10 % Ti ⁇ 2 , respectively, with the 20 % Ti02 formulation showing higher deposition and larger ⁇ L change. There is also a large (and negative) change in the b* value (becoming bluer) . The deposition also has a matting visual effect, as can be seen from the negative ⁇ gloss (which indicates a lowering of shine) .
• Examples 3 to 5 use Example 2 formulation with an addition of a reflective particle material.
• Example 3 has talc (D 50 of 10 ⁇ m) included into the formulation.
• the slight reflectivity of talc counteracts the matting effect of the deposited Ti02, as can be seen by the zero change in ⁇ gloss. This combination gives a whiter, lighter appearance while still maintaining the skin' s normal shine.
• the addition of the talc did not alter the ⁇ L or ⁇ b* seen from Example 2.
• Example 5 is the same as Example 3, except that natural mica (D50 of 22 ⁇ m) is used.
• the higher reflectivity of the larger sized mica counteracts the matting effect of the deposited Ti ⁇ 2 and increases the visual shine, as can be seen by the increase in ⁇ gloss.
• the addition of the natural mica did not alter the ⁇ L or ⁇ b* seen from Example 2.
• Example 4 is the same as Example 3, except that a titan- coated mica (D50 of 6 ⁇ m) is used.
• the greater reflectivity of the titan-coated mica counteracts the matting effect of the deposited Ti ⁇ 2 and increases the visual shine, as can be seen by the increase in ⁇ gloss.
• the addition of the coated mica does increase the ⁇ L or ⁇ b* as compared to Example 2.
• the control is for comparison purposes. It has the same formulation as Example 2 except there is no cationic polymer (Jaguar C13S) . From the L, a*, b*, and gloss values, no deposition is observed.
• Example 6 is the same as Example 2, except the cationic polymer used is Merquat 100.
• the deposition of the Ti02 is much greater (by a factor of 5) .
• the visual effect is a much greater whiteness but also a larger increase in mattness.
• natural miba or talc can be added to the formulations.
• Example 7 and 8 are Merquat 100 formulations with natural mica or talc. Both examples show an attenuation in the matting effect of the large Ti02 deposition as can be seen by the lower negative or even positive ⁇ gloss.
• the facial wash-off formulation can also use a different hydrophilic structural dispersent, such as starch. Similar correlations and trends can be seen with the starch formulation system as with the previous examples.
• Example 12 and Example 11 compare the deposition of Ti02/talc from formulations using Jaguar C13S and Merquat 100, respectively. As before, the higher charge density Merquat shows greater deposition that Jaguar, with similar visual attributes.
• Example 9 is a control formulation, with no cationic polymer. From the L, a*, b*, and gloss measurements, there is little to no deposition.
• Example 10 shows the importance of compatibility of surfactant systems to deposition efficiency.
• Example 10 uses a mixture of CAP Betaine and LE(2)S. In comparison with Example 11, the deposition is less efficient as seen from the lower ⁇ L values. This is an indication that the CAP
• Betaine/LE 2 S surfactant system is not as effective precipitating cationic polymer upon dilution.
• deposition system and particles of invention provide compositions with desired values providing desired optical attributes (e.g., radiance, color, shine) .
• the -5. 6 shows a somewhat neutral gloss and counteracts the matting effect of the Ti ⁇ 2 -
• the chart below shows examples with starch structured liquids .
• Formulations for Bars referred to as Formulations 1 to 7 are set forth below.
• soap is a mixture of 15 % to 20 % coconut oil and 80 % to 85 % tallow. Basically, such a mixture has about 95 % C 12 to Cis fatty acids
• cocoamidosulfosuccinate and Merquat are primary deposition aids.
• the sunflower seed oil is believed to be sensory, but not to significantly enhance deposition (see % gloss figures of -45.1 and -44.6 in Table). Further,
• Ti ⁇ 2 is not an oil emulsion so no further deposition enhancement is seen from oil being part of the deposition system.
• Formulation 3 Ingredient % by weight Sugar (sucrose) 45 Maltodextrin 15 Sodium Laurate 15
• cationic and anionic surfactant provide most or all deposition enhancement and i ⁇ 2 adds little to deposition.
• mica coating enhances reflectance and whiteness.
• Formulation 6 Same as Formulation 2, but with 10 % bismuth oxychloride (Rona Biron Silver, a 70 % solids suspension in castor oil) instead of instead of Ti ⁇ 2 . Comparing Formulation 6 to 2 (Examples 23 and 24 to 15 and 16), it can be seen deposition (and % gloss) is significantly enhanced.
• the data shows that the new deposition system (cationic polymer/anionic surfactant) has significant amount of deposition that leads to large changes visual appearance and attributes.
• Examples 15, 16, 17and 18 (sugar and PEG bars) have a high deposition of Ti ⁇ 2 , and have the ability to increase whiteness and opacity (hiding power) in a person's appearance.
• Examples 19, 20, 21 and 22 show an increase in reflectance and whiteness using titania coated mica. The effects are similar to examples 7 and 8, except now there is radiance.
• Examples 23, 24, 25 and 26 (sugar and PEG bars), with BiOCl, have a large increase in reflectance/radiance with little increase in whiteness.
• Examples 13 and 14 (85/15 bar with 60 % talc) however is a case of minimal/poor deposition. It shows minimal whitening and reflectance, even though it contains 60 % talc.
• the other sugar and PEG bar examples have only 10 % particle composition.
• Example 27 and 28 are sugar bars with titania coated mica with a different surfactant (SLES) . As compared to Examples 19, 20, 21, 22, these examples show lower/poor deposition and visual effect (reflectance) .
• SLES surfactant
• Example 29 and 30 are sugar bars with titania coated mica with another different surfactant (AOS) .
• AOS surfactant
• Example 31 uses sunflower oil as an emollient, although by itself it may not be an extremely efficient deposition aid.
• silicone When silicone is added to be a part of the deposition system (Example 32) , it can be seen from gloss data that deposition is increasing (i.e., from % ⁇ gloss of 38 to 50).
• Neither Examples 31 and 32 have cationic deposition polymer.
• Example 33 shows that when both the deposition system has oil/emollient as part of the deposition system, and there is cationic deposition polymer, then shine enhances significantly (% ⁇ gloss 71) , even at lower oil levels (only 4 % sunflower) .

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