WO2005088806A1 - 永久磁石電動機並びにその駆動方法及び製造方法、冷媒圧縮機及び送風機 - Google Patents
永久磁石電動機並びにその駆動方法及び製造方法、冷媒圧縮機及び送風機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005088806A1 WO2005088806A1 PCT/JP2005/004096 JP2005004096W WO2005088806A1 WO 2005088806 A1 WO2005088806 A1 WO 2005088806A1 JP 2005004096 W JP2005004096 W JP 2005004096W WO 2005088806 A1 WO2005088806 A1 WO 2005088806A1
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- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- magnetic
- rotor
- main body
- motor according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/10—Arrangements for controlling torque ripple, e.g. providing reduced torque ripple
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
- H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/18—Windings for salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
Definitions
- Permanent magnet motor driving method and manufacturing method thereof, refrigerant compressor and blower
- the present invention relates to a permanent magnet electric motor, and relates to a technique for effectively utilizing the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet.
- permanent magnet electric motors use permanent magnets as many as the number of poles. For example, four poles used four magnets, and six poles used six magnets. Therefore, as the number of poles increases, the number of permanent magnets increases, and the number of processing and assembly steps increases.
- Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a permanent magnet electric motor in which permanent magnets are provided for each one-pole pitch and the number of permanent magnets is 1Z2.
- the polarity of the pole face of the permanent magnet facing the stator is the same.
- the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic pole surface force on the far side of the stator force is bent toward the rotor surface, and the function of the magnetic pole is achieved even when the permanent magnet faces the stator. Let me do it.
- Patent Documents 3 to 9 also relate to the present invention.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-8-107639
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-10-136593
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-21796
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-11-275826
- Patent Document 5 JP-A-11-275828
- Patent Document 6 JP-A-11-341758
- Patent Document 7 JP-A-10-66284
- Patent Document 8 JP-A-11-98731
- Patent Document 9 JP-A-5-21796 Disclosure of the invention
- a ring-shaped permanent magnet used in a surface magnet type electric motor has a high processing cost. Both the force and the permanent magnet are required for the entire circumference (360 degrees) in the rotational circumferential direction, and the cost reduction by reducing the number of permanent magnets can always be obtained.
- an object of the present invention is to effectively utilize the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet and thereby contribute to cost reduction.
- a first aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention includes a stator (2) and a rotor (1) opposed to the stator via a gap (Agi, Agm).
- the rotor has a main body (10) having a substantially cylindrical side surface (100) centered on a rotation axis (M), and a first section of the side surface at a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.
- a magnetic barrier (101-104, 12, 45, 121-125, 14X, 14Y) that extends between the pole face boundary position and the second pole face boundary position (10Q1-10Q6) and blocks the transmission of magnetic flux )
- first and second magnetic pole faces (l laN, l laS, l lbS, 1 lbN, 14aN, 14aS) provided on opposite sides of each other through the magnetic barrier and having different polarities from each other.
- 14bS, 14bN, 14cN, 14cS and a plurality of permanent magnets (11a, lib, 14a, 14b, 14c).
- a second aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the first aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the main body (10) is adjacent to the rotor in the circumferential direction by the magnetic barrier.
- the first magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets of the adjacent magnetic flux generating sections are divided into 2n (n is an integer of 1 or more) arranged magnetic flux generating sections (la, lb). The opposite is true.
- the first magnetic pole surface faces the stator in the magnetic flux generating section to which the permanent magnet belongs, and the magnetic flux between the permanent magnet and the magnetic barrier is formed by the magnetic flux from the second magnetic pole surface.
- the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ) the same pole as the second magnetic pole face
- the third magnetic pole faces (13aSl, 13aS2; 13bNl, 13bN2) facing the stator are generated from both sides of the first magnetic pole face.
- a third embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the second embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein a plurality of the rotors (1A, 1B; 1C, ID, IE) are provided, and a plurality of the rotors are provided.
- the rotors are fixedly connected by sharing the rotation axis.
- the positions of the first magnetic pole faces belonging to different rotors are mutually shifted in the circumferential direction.
- a fourth embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the third embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein at least three rotors (1C, ID, 1E) are provided, and one of the rotors is provided. It further includes an inter-rotor magnetic barrier (5) that inhibits transmission of magnetic flux between the magnetic flux generating portion of the rotor and the magnetic flux generating portion of the rotor adjacent thereto.
- the first magnetic pole faces of the respective rotors are arranged at mutually different positions in the circumferential direction, and the different magnetic pole faces of the rotor are arranged with the same polarity in the direction of the rotation axis.
- a fifth embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the second embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) is surrounded by the stator (2), The pole faces (l laS, l ib N) face the center of rotation of the rotor.
- a sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) includes the main body portion (10m, 10 ⁇ ) at the rotation center. And a non-magnetic boss (120) provided around the rotation axis.
- a seventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) includes the main body portion (10m, 10 ⁇ ) at the rotation center. And a non-magnetic shaft (45) therethrough.
- An eighth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) is provided at the center of rotation of the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ). And a shaft (4) provided at the end of the shaft.
- a ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the magnetic barriers (124, 125) are arranged so that the adjacent magnetic flux generators (la, lb) And the plurality of magnetic barriers sandwich the rotation axis.
- the rotor (1 ) Further includes a shaft (46) passing through the rotor at the rotation axis.
- a tenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the second aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein a part (10j, 10k) of the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ) is It is located closer to the stator (2) than the first pole face (l laN, l lbS).
- An eleventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the tenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnet (11a, lib) is provided on the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ).
- a buried hole (I la0; l lb0) to be buried is provided.
- the end portions (101, 102) of the magnetic barrier (19) and both ends of the buried hole are arranged at positions near the outer periphery of the rotor (1) and substantially equally dividing the magnetic flux generating portion (la, lb). Is done.
- a twelfth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the eleventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the magnetic barrier (19) is provided on the adjacent magnetic flux generating portion (la; lb).
- a thirteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the eleventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the magnetic barrier (19) is provided between the adjacent magnetic flux generating portions (la, lb).
- the thickness (Bm) between the end of the buried hole (1 laO) and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is substantially equal to the thickness (Bg) of the thin portion.
- a fourteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the second aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnet (11a, lib) is provided on the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ).
- a buried hole (l laO, l lbO) to be buried is provided, and the magnetic barrier (19) is a thin portion connecting the main body of the adjacent magnetic flux generating portion (la, lb) on the outer periphery of the rotor (1). (101, 102) and a non-magnetic body (12) extending with one end in contact with the thin portion.
- the thickness (Cg) of the nonmagnetic material (12) is larger than the thickness (Cm) of the buried hole.
- a fifteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is a twelfth aspect of the permanent magnet motor.
- the gap (Agm) between the first magnetic pole face (l laN, l lbS) and the stator is formed by the third magnetic pole face (13aSl, 13aS2, 13bNl, 13bN2) and the stator ( It is larger than the gap (Agi) during 2).
- a sixteenth aspect of the permanent magnet electric motor according to the present invention is the fourteenth aspect of the permanent magnet electric motor, wherein the thickness (Cg) of the non-magnetic body (12) is less than the third magnetic pole face. (13aSl, 13aS2, 13bNl, 13bN2) and the gap (Agi) between the stator (2) and about twice or more.
- a seventeenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the tenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ) includes the permanent magnet (11a, lib). Buried holes (llaO, llbO) to be buried are provided, and the ends of the buried holes have wide portions (9a, 9b) extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor (1).
- An eighteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the tenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnet (11a, lib) is provided on the main body (10m, 10 ⁇ ).
- a nineteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the tenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the magnetic barrier (19) is provided between the adjacent magnetic flux generating portions (la, lb).
- a non-magnetic body (91c) provided close to the end of the non-magnetic body while being spaced apart therefrom.
- a twentieth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the tenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the magnetic barrier (19) is provided between the adjacent magnetic flux generating portions (la, lb).
- a twenty-first embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the second embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the stator (2) includes a first winding ( Al, A2, A3, Bl, B2, B3, CI, C2, C3) and the second winding (Dl, D2, El, E 2, Fl, F2).
- the stator (2) includes a first winding ( Al, A2, A3, Bl, B2, B3, CI, C2, C3) and the second winding (Dl, D2, El, E 2, Fl, F2).
- a twenty-second aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-first aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the first winding (Al, A2, A3, Bl, B2, B3, CI, C2, C3) are wound as concentrated windings, and the second windings (Dl, D2, El, E2, Fl, F2) are wound as distributed windings.
- a twenty-third aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-second aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the stator (2) includes the first winding (Al, A2, A3, Bl, B2, B3, CI, C2, C3) further have a plurality of teeth (21) wound therearound.
- the second winding (Dl, D2, E1, E2, Fl, F2) is provided on the tooth portion via the first winding.
- a twenty-fourth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the second aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the stator (2) includes a first current (I , 1, 1) and
- the permanent magnet motor according to any one of the twenty-first to twenty-fourth aspects is provided with a value smaller than a predetermined rotation speed except during startup.
- This is a method of driving in a manner that is divided into a first case in which the rotor (1) rotates and a second case in which the rotor rotates at a value higher than the predetermined rotation speed. At least in the first case, the magnetic head is driven by the magnetic flux of the 6n pole, and at least in the second case, the magnetic head is driven by the magnetic flux of the 2n pole.
- a second aspect of the method of driving a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the method of driving any one of the twenty-first to twenty-fourth aspects. Then, when the driving state is stabilized and in the driving region including the maximum load set in the permanent magnet motor, the motor is driven by the magnetic fluxes of the 2n pole and the 6n pole.
- a third aspect of the method for driving a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is a method for driving the permanent magnet motor according to any one of the twenty-first to twenty-fourth aspects. Then, the phase of the magnetic flux generated in the stator (2) is advanced by a positive value (j8) with respect to the angle ( ⁇ ) of the rotor (1).
- the method of manufacturing a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a permanent magnet motor, the method comprising:
- the winding nozzle is swung, and the first winding is wound around the tooth (Al, A2, A3 , Bl, B2, B3, CI, C2, C3) step and the second winding (Dl, D2, El, E2, Fl, F2) previously wound with a distribution winding on a predetermined winding frame. Inserting between the first windings and providing the second windings on the teeth via the first windings.
- a twenty-fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the first aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnets (14a, 14b, 14c) sandwich the rotary shaft (M). Then, on the side surface (100), between the first position (10P) and the second position (10R) almost facing each other, they extend adjacent to each other via the magnetic barrier.
- the rotor (1) extends from near the adjacent position (14X, 14Y) between the permanent magnets to the first magnetic pole surface boundary position and the second magnetic pole surface boundary position, and connects the main body together with the permanent magnet.
- a non-magnetic body (121a, 121b, 122a, 122b, 121, 122) that is divided into a plurality of body parts (10a-10f) that are magnetically shielded from each other.
- the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is substantially orthogonal to both the extending direction of the permanent magnet and the rotation axis at least at the adjacent position or at a portion other than the adjacent position and its vicinity.
- a twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnets (14a, 14b, 14c) are located at the adjacent positions (14X, 14Y).
- the permanent magnets at the adjacent positions are non-magnetized or magnetized along the rotation axis.
- a twenty-seventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnet body (14) is provided so as to pass near the rotating shaft (M).
- the permanent magnet body (14) is provided so as to pass near the rotating shaft (M).
- a twenty-eighth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-seventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the main body portions (10c, 10d) located on the first position (10P) side.
- the non-magnetic body (122a, 122b) that partitions the main body portion is convexly curved with respect to the main body portion located on the first position (10P) side, and the main body portion located on the second position (10R) side.
- the non-magnetic material (121a, 121b) that partitions (10a, 10f) curves convexly with respect to the main body portion located on the second position (10R) side.
- a twenty-ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnet body (14) bypasses the vicinity of the rotation shaft (M). Provided.
- a thirtieth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is a twenty-ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor.
- the permanent magnet body (14) is provided near the side surface (100).
- a thirty-first aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the thirtieth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein another magnetic field is provided near the first position (10P) and the second position (10R). Barriers will be provided.
- a thirty-second aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the first magnetic pole surface boundary position and the second magnetic pole surface boundary position (10Q1 —10Q6), and the first position (10P) and the second position (10R) are arranged at positions that equally divide the side surface (100) of the rotor (1) in the circumferential direction.
- a thirty-third aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the main body (10) has an embedded hole for embedding the permanent magnet body (14). (13) is provided, and the width (Tg2) of the end of the non-magnetic material (121a, 121b, 122a, 122b, 121, 122,;) on the side surface (100) along the side surface.
- the width (Tm) of the burying hole (13) in the vicinity of the side surface is substantially the same.
- a thirty-fourth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the main body (10) has a buried hole (burying hole) for burying the permanent magnet body (14). 13), a thickness (Bg) of a thin portion between the magnetic material (121a, 121b, 122a, 122b, 121, 122) and the Tsukuda J surface (100), and The thickness (Bm) of the thin portion between the hole (13) and the side surface (100) is substantially equal.
- a thirty-fifth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the width of the nonmagnetic material (121a, 121b, 122a, 122b, 121, 122) is (Tgl)
- the force S is about twice or more the gap between the rotor (1) and the stator (2).
- a thirty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the nonmagnetic material (121a, 121b, 122a, 122b, 121, 122) and the permanent magnet motor It is provided in contact with the magnet body (14) or separated by a thin portion of the main body (10).
- a thirty-seventh aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) includes the main body (10) at the rotating shaft (M). ) Further comprising a non-magnetic shaft (40).
- a thirty-eighth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) includes the main body (10) at the rotation shaft (M). And an insulative shaft (40) extending therethrough.
- a thirty-ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) includes the rotating shaft (M) of the main body (10). And a shaft (4) provided at an end of the shaft.
- a fortieth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth aspect of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the rotor (1) includes a bearing holding part (45s) and at least one rotor. And a shaft (45) including a through portion (45r). The rotor penetrating portion is eccentric with respect to the bearing holding portion, and the main body (10) is provided with a through hole (17) into which the rotor penetrating portion fits.
- a forty-first embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the fortieth embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the through hole (17) and the rotor penetrating portion (45r) are provided as a pair. , The through holes are respectively drilled in two of the same polarity of the main body portion
- a forty-second embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein a plurality of the rotors (1A, 1B) are provided.
- the plurality of rotors are fixedly connected to each other with a common rotation axis (M), and the positions of the permanent magnet bodies (14) belonging to different rotors are shifted from each other in the circumferential direction.
- M common rotation axis
- a forty-third embodiment of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is the twenty-sixth embodiment of the permanent magnet motor, wherein the permanent magnet body (14) has anisotropy in a thickness direction.
- a fourth aspect of the method for driving a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention is a method for driving a permanent magnet motor according to any one of the twenty-sixth to forty-third aspects, wherein the stator (2) The phase of the generated magnetic flux is advanced by a positive value with respect to the angle ( ⁇ ) of the rotor (1).
- the magnetic barrier impedes transmission of magnetic flux between one side and the other side via the magnetic barrier, the magnetic flux can be obtained from the magnetic pole surface. Magnetic flux can be efficiently guided to the side surface of the rotor.
- the magnetic barrier functions as a magnetic pole surface boundary, the rotor magnetic field on each of the opposing sides via the magnetic barrier.
- the pole faces can be formed independently, and the number of pole faces per permanent magnet can be two or more.
- the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface provide the field of the rotor, so that one permanent magnet is provided for each magnetic flux generating unit. If one is provided, the number of poles of the rotor can be set to 6n.
- the fourth aspect of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention it is easy to make the magnetic attraction force uniform. In addition, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the grinding wood motion.
- the permanent magnet motor that is useful in the present invention, it can be applied to a so-called adduction type permanent magnet motor.
- the third magnetic pole surface can be generated without disturbing the function of the magnetic barrier even if a magnetic material is used for the shaft.
- the shaft is a non-magnetic material
- the third magnetic pole surface can be generated without hindering the function of the magnetic barrier.
- the shaft does not need to penetrate the main body, even if a magnetic material is employed, the function of the magnetic barrier is not hindered, and the third magnetic pole is not affected. Surface can be generated.
- the magnetic barrier prevents the center of rotation from the magnetic flux generated in the magnetic flux generating part.
- the third magnetic pole surface can be generated without hindering.
- the permanent magnet motor of the present invention can be applied to a so-called embedded magnet type permanent magnet motor.
- the magnetic pole faces of the rotor can be arranged at substantially the same angle, and the occurrence of the grinding motion of the rotor can be suppressed.
- the permanent magnet motor of the present invention it is possible to reduce the unbalance between the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface and the magnetic flux with the third magnetic pole surface force.
- the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface It is possible to reduce the unbalance between the magnetic flux and the third magnetic pole surface force.
- the stress since the stress is uniformly distributed, the stress is not extremely concentrated only at a certain portion, which is advantageous in terms of strength.
- the imbalance between the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface and the magnetic flux with the third magnetic pole surface force can be reduced. It also reduces the leakage of magnetic flux in the non-magnetic material and prevents a decrease in magnetic flux density on the third pole face.
- the imbalance between the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface and the magnetic flux with the third magnetic pole surface force can be reduced.
- the sixteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention it is possible to reduce imbalance between the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface and the magnetic flux with the third magnetic pole surface force. It also reduces the leakage of magnetic flux in the non-magnetic material and prevents a decrease in magnetic flux density on the third pole face.
- the short-circuiting of the magnetic flux between the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface in the same magnetic flux generating section is suppressed.
- the magnetic flux of the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface can be concentrated at their respective centers, and the torque is improved.
- the eighteenth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention it is possible to prevent the magnetic flux from flowing in a short-circuit manner between the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface in the same magnetic flux generating section. Thereby, the magnetic flux of the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface can be concentrated at their respective centers, and the torque is improved.
- the short-circuiting of the magnetic flux between the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface in the same magnetic flux generation unit is suppressed.
- the magnetic flux of the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface can be concentrated at their respective centers, and the torque is improved.
- the twentieth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention it is possible to reduce spatial harmonics of magnetic flux.
- the 2n-pole reluctance torque in addition to the 6n-pole magnet torque, the 2n-pole reluctance torque can be obtained.
- the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing through the winding housed in the same slot which may be generated by concentrated winding, cancels each other out. There are few problems.
- a reluctance torque of 2n pole can be obtained in addition to a magnet torque of 6n pole. There is little problem that magnetic fluxes generated by currents flowing through windings housed in the same slot cancel each other out, which may be caused by concentrated winding.
- the 2n-pole reluctance torque can be obtained.
- the 2n-pole reluctance torque can be obtained. Since the first current and the second current flow in the same winding, all the windings can be used when driving with either current, and the usage efficiency of the winding increases.
- the rotation of the rotor in low-speed operation is smooth while reducing iron loss, which tends to increase in high-speed operation. Become.
- the flowing current is reduced, and copper loss in a stable state operated for a long period of time or in a driving region including a maximum load.
- the main copper loss can be reduced.
- reluctance torque can be used.
- the winding is substantially entirely accommodated in the winding groove between the plurality of teeth, and the winding space factor can be improved.
- the non-magnetic material functions as a part of the magnetic barrier.
- a pair of magnetic pole surface forces of the permanent magnet one or both of the generated magnetic fluxes are guided to the side surface via the main body.
- a magnetic pole surface twice as large as the value obtained by adding 1 to the adjacent position is generated on the side surface of the rotor. Since the permanent magnet extends between the first type 2 position and the second type 2 position that face each other substantially on the side surface, the magnetic flux densities on the pole faces can be made substantially equal.
- the permanent magnet body at the adjacent position also functions as a magnetic barrier, so that a plurality of permanent magnets can be integrally formed.
- the permanent magnet body force and the magnetic resistance reaching the side surface are uniformly reduced.
- the permanent magnet body force and the magnetic resistance reaching the side surface are uniformly reduced.
- a penetrating shaft can be provided in the main body.
- the pole faces of the rotor can be arranged at substantially the same angle, and the occurrence of whirling motion of the rotor can be suppressed.
- the magnetic saliency near the side surface of the rotor as viewed from the stator is made uniform.
- the effect of the leakage magnetic flux of the thin portion can be made uniform.
- the stress is uniformly distributed, and the stress is not extremely concentrated only in a certain portion, the strength is also advantageous.
- the leakage of the magnetic flux from the non-magnetic material is reduced, and the decrease in the magnetic flux density on the magnetic pole surface of the rotor is prevented.
- the nonmagnetic material divides the main body together with the permanent magnet body into a plurality of magnetically shielded main body parts.
- the shaft is a non-magnetic material, no magnetic flux passes through the inside of the shaft, and the magnetic flux is effectively used.
- the thirty-eighth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention generation of eddy current in the shaft is prevented.
- the thirty-ninth aspect of the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention since the shaft does not need to penetrate the main body, the degree of freedom in disposing the permanent magnet body and the non-magnetic body is increased, and the inside of the shaft is improved. The magnetic flux does not pass through, and the magnetic flux is used effectively.
- the rotor is rotatable around the bearing holding portion.
- the magnetization rate is good and the maximum energy product can be improved.
- reluctance torque can be used.
- a refrigerant compressor or a blower including the permanent magnet electric motor according to any one of the first to forty-third aspects of the present invention can also be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a permanent magnet motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the details of the structure of the rotor exerted on the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a simulation result of magnetic fluxes flowing through a stator and a rotor that act on the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a mode of winding of a winding of a stator, which is applied to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a mode of winding shown in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a current for generating a rotating magnetic flux acting on the first embodiment of the present invention. It is rough.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a magnetic flux in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a graph showing a magnetic flux density in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of magnetic fluxes flowing through the stator and the rotor, which are to be compared with the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a graph showing a torque waveform exerting an effect of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of attaching a shaft to a rotor that is powerful according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing still another form of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a positional relationship between a buried hole for burying a permanent magnet according to a third embodiment of the present invention and a thin portion.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a preferred dimensional relationship of a rotor and a stator exerted on the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a motor working in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a positional relationship between a rotor and a stator, and a positional relationship between a rotor and a stator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 19 is a graph showing a torque waveform exerting an effect of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- a configuration in which a rotor is divided into three is illustrated.
- FIG. 21 is a plan view showing a rotor magnetic barrier of a rotor exerted by a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing a structure of a magnetic body sandwiched between rotators acting in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second winding according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a second winding according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode of winding a second winding which is applied to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of generating a two-pole magnetic flux that works in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing windings concentrated on tooth portions of a stator that are powerful according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing a configuration in which a current for generating a magnetic flux of six poles and a current for generating a magnetic flux of two poles flow.
- FIG. 29 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 30 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 31 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 32 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 33 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 34 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 35 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 36 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 37 is a graph showing a current flowing through each phase winding.
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the rotor acting on the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified configuration of the rotor acting on the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a further modified configuration of the rotor acting on the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a modification of the configuration of the permanent magnet in the rotor exerted on the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the rotor acting on the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a permanent magnet electric motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the rotor in more detail.
- FIG. 45 is a view showing a simulation result of a magnetic flux in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 46 is a graph showing a torque waveform exerting an effect on the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a rotor that acts on a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a rotor that works on a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a rotor 1 exerted by an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a rotor acting on deformation in an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 51 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a magnetic flux flowing in a modification of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 52 is a graph showing a torque waveform obtained by a modification of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 53 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of a rotor acting on a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 54 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a rotor acting on deformation in a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a rotor acting on another deformation of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 56 is a perspective view illustrating a mode in which a shaft is provided for the rotor.
- FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a rotor.
- FIG. 58 is a perspective view illustrating a mode in which a shaft is provided for the rotor.
- FIG. 59 is a perspective view, partially broken away, showing a structure of a motor that works on a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 60 is a cross-sectional view showing a positional relationship between a rotor and a stator.
- the direction in which the magnetic flux flows is the direction from the north pole to the south pole. Not only the case but also the case where the direction is the S pole and the N pole is included. Therefore, for example, the expression “generation of magnetic flux” and “V” are used not only for the outflow of magnetic flux at the N pole, but also for the inflow of magnetic flux to the S pole.
- the magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet on the side facing the stator are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, thereby reducing the number of permanent magnets to 1Z3, the number of poles. Further, by guiding the magnetic flux in a predetermined direction, leakage of magnetic flux to parts other than the electric motor is reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration of a permanent magnet electric motor according to the present embodiment, viewed from a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis.
- the permanent magnet motor includes a stator 2 and a rotor 1 opposed to the stator 2 via a gap (which is not clearly shown in FIG. 1 because of its small size).
- the stator 2 has a plurality of teeth 21 and an annular yoke 22 connecting the teeth 21 on the side opposite to the rotor 1. Force on which the winding is wound around the tooth portion 21 The manner of this will be described later.
- the rotor 1 has a magnetically permeable main body 10 m, 10 ⁇ , permanent magnets 11 a, l ib and a non-magnetic body 12.
- the main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ of the rotor 1 are configured by stacking, for example, electromagnetic steel plates.
- the permanent magnets 11a and 11b are buried, for example, in permanent magnet burial holes formed in the main body 10m and 10 ⁇ .
- the rotor 1 is of an embedded magnet type.
- the present invention may be applied to a surface magnet type in which a permanent magnet is exposed on the surface of the rotor 1.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the details of the structure of the rotor 1.
- a non-magnetic material 12 exists between the main body 10m and 10 ⁇ .
- Thin portions 101 and 102 are also provided on the outer sides of both ends of the non-magnetic member 12 to connect the main portions 10m and 10 ⁇ .
- the thin portions 101 and 102 are made of the same material as the main portions 10m and 10 ⁇ , and may be formed integrally, for example. Since the thickness is small, there is almost no function of transmitting magnetic flux between the main body 10m and 10 ⁇ immediately after magnetic saturation occurs. [0116] While the nonmagnetic material 12 is interposed between the main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ , the main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ are close to the teeth 21 of the stator 2. Therefore, the transmission of the magnetic flux between the main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ is substantially hindered by the non-magnetic material 12 and the thin portions 101 and 102.
- the rotor 1 has two magnetic flux generating parts la and lb.
- the magnetic flux generating parts la and lb are arranged adjacent to the rotor 1 in the circumferential direction.
- the magnetic flux generating portion la has a main body 10m, a permanent magnet 11a, and a portion of the non-magnetic material 12 and the thin portions 101, 102 on the permanent magnet 11a side.
- the magnetic flux generating portion lb has a main body portion 10m, a permanent magnet lib, and a portion of the nonmagnetic material 12 and the thin portions 101, 102 on the permanent magnet lib side.
- the nonmagnetic material 12 and the thin portions 101 and 102 impede the transmission of magnetic flux between the main body portions 10m and 10n, they can be grasped together as the magnetic barrier 19.
- the magnetic flux generating sections la and lb share the magnetic barrier 19 at the boundary, and the magnetic flux generating section la is located on the magnetic flux generating section lb side of the magnetic flux generating section la. It can be understood that the magnetic flux generating portion lb has a portion on the magnetic flux generating portion la side of the magnetic barrier 19 on the magnetic flux generating portion la side.
- the nonmagnetic material 12 may be a space formed in the main body 10m, 10 ⁇ of the rotor 1. In order to increase the rigidity of the rotor 1, it is also desirable to fill the space with a non-magnetic resin and employ this as the non-magnetic body 12.
- the permanent magnet 11a is arranged apart from the magnetic barrier 19 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 1. Even in the magnetic flux generating portion lb, 1 lb of the permanent magnet is arranged apart from the magnetic barrier 19 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 1.
- the permanent magnet 11a includes a first magnetic pole surface l laN of N polarity and a second magnetic pole surface l laS of S polarity.
- the first pole face l laN faces the stator 2.
- the permanent magnet l ib includes a first pole face l lbS of S polarity and a second pole face l lbN of N polarity. Both the first pole face l laN and l lbS face the stator 2.
- the permanent magnets 11 a and l ib are arranged apart from the magnetic barrier 19. Therefore, between the permanent magnets 11a, lib and the magnetic barrier 19, the main body 10m and 10 ⁇ It is exposed facing.
- the magnetic flux generated from the second magnetic pole surface l laS of the permanent magnet 11a causes the stator to be S-polar and from both sides of the first magnetic pole surface l laN.
- a pair of third magnetic pole faces 13aSl and 13aS2 are generated, facing the second magnetic pole face 2.
- the main body portion 10 ⁇ between the permanent magnet l ib and the magnetic barrier 19 has an N-polarity and a first magnetic pole surface l lbS due to the magnetic flux generated by the second magnetic pole surface l lbN force of the permanent magnet l ib.
- a pair of third magnetic pole faces 13bNl and 13bN2 facing the stator 2 are generated from both sides of the magnetic pole.
- the third magnetic pole surface 13aSl, 13bNl force S thin wall 10 In principle, the third magnetic pole surface 13aS2, 13bN2 force S thin wall 102 side is shown as an example.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a result of simulating a magnetic flux flowing through the stator 2 and the rotor 1. However, the case where the winding is not wound on the stator 2 or the current is not passed even if the winding is wound is illustrated.
- the magnetic flux flowing between the second magnetic pole surfaces l lbN and l laS slightly crosses the magnetic barrier, but mostly flows to the stator 2.
- the magnetic flux generated from the second magnetic pole faces l lbN and l laS is effectively used for forming the third magnetic pole faces 13aSl, 13aS2, 13bNl, and 13bN2.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a winding mode of the winding in the stator 2
- FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the winding mode shown in FIG.
- the circled cross and the circled points in Fig. 4 indicate that the wiring is oriented from the page to the back and from the page to the front, respectively. However, these indications and arrows indicate the direction of the winding, and do not necessarily indicate the direction of the current! / ⁇ (similar in other figures).
- the stator 2 has a concentrated winding, A-phase winding, B-phase winding, and C-phase winding wound around the tooth portion 21.
- the A-phase winding is composed of windings Al, A2, A3,
- the B-phase winding is composed of windings B1, B2, B3,
- the C-phase winding is composed of windings C1, C2, C3.
- windings Al, A2, and A3 are connected in parallel with each other to form an A-phase winding
- windings B1, B2, and B3 are mutually connected. May be connected in parallel to form a B-phase winding
- windings CI, C2, and C3 may be connected in parallel with each other to form a C-phase winding.
- the A-phase winding, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding are commonly connected to each other at the neutral point Z to form a star connection.
- the A-phase current, IA, B-phase IB, and C-phase IC are supplied to the A-phase winding, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding by the three-phase inverter 30, respectively, and a rotating magnetic flux of six poles is generated.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are graphs showing the phase currents IA, IB, and IC for generating the rotating magnetic flux.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a three-phase sinusoidal current
- FIG. 7 illustrates a 120 ° rectangular wave current. However, these are shown schematically, and in actuality, delay of ON / OFF of current by inductance, harmonics by PWM control, and the like are superimposed.
- Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a result of simulating magnetic flux when the current shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is supplied at a position where the rotor 1 also rotates the reference position force of Fig. 1 by an electrical angle of 180 degrees. is there. As in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the third magnetic pole surface is functioning.
- FIG. 9 is a graph in which the magnetic flux density on the surface of the rotor 1 among the magnetic fluxes shown in FIG. 8 is plotted against the angle in the circumferential direction.
- the absolute value of the magnetic flux density is an arbitrary unit, and the positive Z negative is shown corresponding to NZS, respectively.
- the angle between windings C3 and A1 is 0 degree, and the angle is counterclockwise. Over the entire circumference, the S pole and the N pole appear alternately three times each, and it is only half-U that the magnetic flux density corresponding to the N pole and the magnetic flux density corresponding to the S pole are generated at approximately the same level. You.
- the third magnetic pole surface is obtained by dividing the magnetic flux generated at the second magnetic pole surface into almost two parts, the magnetic flux density corresponding to the third magnetic pole surface is smaller than the magnetic flux density corresponding to the first magnetic pole surface. Become . Force Even with a conventional permanent magnet motor, the magnetic flux density is not necessarily symmetric if it is concentrated winding. In addition, the torque is generated by integration over the entire 360 °, and the magnetic attraction force acting on each pole is almost zero over the entire circumference.
- FIG. 10 shows the simulation results of magnetic flux flowing when six permanent magnets 111 and 116 are embedded in rotor 1 and six magnetic poles are obtained only on the side facing stator 2 (that is, the first magnetic pole surface). Is shown.
- the permanent magnets 111 and 116 generate almost the same volume and magnetic flux as the permanent magnets l laS and l lbN.
- the first magnetic pole faces of each of the permanent magnets 111 and 116 are opposed to the rotor 1 while the respective first magnetic pole faces face 1/6 of the surface of the rotor 1. Covers an area smaller than 1Z6 on the surface. This is because the permanent magnets 111 and 116 do not come into contact with each other.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the torque waveform Q1 of the structure according to the present invention shown in FIG. 3 and the torque waveform QO of the conventional structure shown in FIG.
- the horizontal axis is the rotation angle, and shows the torque waveform for 1Z3 rotations.
- the torque waveform Q1 is almost 2Z3 of the torque waveform QO. Since the amount of permanent magnets used in the structure of the present invention is approximately 1Z3 of the amount of permanent magnets used in the conventional structure, the torque generated per unit volume of the permanent magnets is about twice. Become. This indicates that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is used effectively!
- the shaft portion is abbreviated as a force. It is also a desirable embodiment that the shaft is provided at a position that does not appear in the cross section. For example, it is desirable to provide a resin shaft integrally formed with the non-magnetic material 12 and protruding from one end or both ends of the rotor 1.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating a structure in which a shaft 4 is provided at one end of the rotor 1 in the rotation axis direction.
- the shaft 4 may be provided at both of the ends.
- the shaft 4 has a shaft main body 41 and an end plate 42.
- a hole 44 is formed in the center of the end plate 42, and a through hole 43 is formed around the hole 44.
- the shaft body 41 is inserted into the hole 44 and fixed.
- a hole 15 is formed in the main body 10m, 10 ⁇ at the end of the rotor 1 in the rotation axis direction.
- the hole 15 and the hole 43 are arranged so as to correspond to each other, and are fixed to each other by a bolt or a rivet (not shown).
- the shaft 44 does not penetrate the interior of the rotor 1, even if a magnetic material, for example, iron is used, the third The generation of the pole faces is not hindered, and an increase in bearing loss can be avoided.
- the end plate 42 may also serve as a balance weight. However, it is desirable that the end plate 42 is a non-magnetic material. If a magnetic material is employed, magnetic flux between the second magnetic pole surfaces of different permanent magnets flows through the end plate 42, and the third magnetic pole surface is generated.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present embodiment, in which a non-magnetic shaft 45 is provided to penetrate rotor 1 in the direction of the rotation axis.
- the nonmagnetic body 12 shown in FIG. 1 is divided into two parts 121 and 122 by a nonmagnetic shaft 45.
- stainless steel can be used for the shaft 45.
- the shaft 45 and the parts 121 and 122 also function as a part of the magnetic barrier in the strong form.
- the shaft 45 and the parts 121, 122 may be formed integrally, but may be formed independently of each other.
- a thin portion of the main body 10m, 10 ⁇ may exist between the shaft 45 and the portions 121, 122.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present embodiment, in which a magnetic shaft 46 is provided to penetrate the rotor 1 in the direction of the rotation axis.
- a nonmagnetic boss 120 surrounding the shaft 46 is also provided.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the positional relationship between the buried holes l laO and l lbO in which permanent magnets are buried, and the thin portions 101 and 102 serving as ends of the magnetic barrier 19.
- Permanent magnets l la and l ib (not shown in Fig. 15: see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) are buried in the burial holes l laO and l lbO to almost both ends. However, it is not necessary that the permanent magnets l la and l ib be buried exactly at both ends of the burial holes l laO and l lbO.
- Both ends of the buried holes l laO and l lbO are arranged near the outer periphery of the rotor 2 at positions that equally divide the magnetic flux generating parts la and lb. That is, one end of the buried hole l laO is The other end of the buried hole l laO is circumferentially separated by an angle ⁇ 11a, and the other end of the buried hole l laO is Are separated by an angle Q 112a in the circumferential direction. These angles 0111a, ⁇ 11a, and ⁇ 112a are substantially equal to each other.
- one end of the buried hole l lbO is separated from the thin portion 101 by an angle 0 111b in the circumferential direction, and the one end and the other end of the buried hole l lbO are formed at an angle ⁇ l in the circumferential direction.
- ib and the other end of the buried hole llbO is circumferentially separated from the thin portion 102 by an angle 0 112b. And these angles 0 111b, ⁇ l ib, ⁇ 112b are substantially equal to each other.
- both ends of the burial holes l laO and l lbO and the ends of the magnetic barrier 19 are connected to the outer periphery of the rotor 2.
- the magnetic poles of the rotor 2 can be arranged at substantially equal angles.
- the magnetic flux density becomes symmetric in the axial direction, so that it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the milling motion of the rotor.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a preferable dimensional relationship between the rotor 1 and the stator 2, and the vicinity of a gap between the two is enlarged.
- the nonmagnetic material 12 has one end in contact with the thin portion 101 interposed between the adjacent magnetic flux generating portions la and lb.
- the thin portion 101 has a width Tg in the circumferential direction at a position closest to the stator 2. It has a width Tm in the circumferential direction at the position closest to the stator 2 at the end of the buried hole 1 laO.
- the thin portion 101 has a thickness Bg.
- a thin portion having a thickness of Bm is formed between the end of the buried hole laO and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1.
- the thicknesses Bg and Bm are set to be substantially equal, and the viewpoint force for reducing the imbalance between the magnetic flux of the first magnetic pole surface force and the magnetic flux from the third magnetic pole surface is desired.
- the stress is uniformly distributed and there is no portion where the stress is extremely concentrated, it is advantageous in terms of strength.
- the nonmagnetic material 12 has a thickness Cg except for the vicinity of its end, and the buried hole laO has a thickness of Cm except for the vicinity of its end. Setting the thickness Cg to be larger than the thickness Cm also secures the amount of magnetic flux from the third magnetic pole surface and reduces the imbalance between the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface and the magnetic flux from the third magnetic pole surface. Desired from a viewpoint.
- the permanent magnet 11a (not shown) across the buried hole l laO Force leaks a small amount of magnetic flux density at the operating point, while the permanent magnet is buried!
- the leakage of the magnetic flux at 12 greatly contributes to the reduction of the magnetic flux density appearing on the third pole face.
- the portion of the rotor 2 serving as the first magnetic pole surface that is, of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 2, between the portion opposite to the rotation axis with respect to the buried hole l laO and the stator 2
- An air gap of thickness Agm is provided.
- a portion of the rotor 2 serving as the third magnetic pole surface that is, a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 2 on the rotating shaft side with respect to the buried hole l laO and the stator 2 have a thickness Agi. are provided.
- the magnetic flux density at the third pole face is smaller than the magnetic flux density at the first pole face. Therefore, by increasing the thickness Agm and the thickness AgU, the reluctance is made unbalanced, whereby the unbalance between the magnetic flux from the first magnetic pole surface and the magnetic flux of the third magnetic pole surface force can be reduced. For example, set the thickness Agm to about twice the thickness Agi.
- the relationship between the width Tg, Tm, the thickness Bg, Bm, the thickness Cg, Cm, and the thickness Agm, Agi can be set independently. That is, by obtaining the above-mentioned relationship even in one of these four relationships, it is possible to reduce the unbalance between the magnetic flux of the first magnetic pole surface force and the magnetic flux from the third magnetic pole surface.
- Fig. 16 illustrates a case where the thickness Cg is larger than the width Tg.
- the force may be opposite.
- setting the thickness Cg to be at least about twice the thickness Agi of the air gap also reduces the leakage of magnetic flux in the non-magnetic material 12 and prevents a decrease in the magnetic flux density at the third magnetic pole surface. Desired,.
- Fig. 16 shows only the end of the non-magnetic material 12 on the thin-walled portion 101 side, and shows only the vicinity of one end of the buried hole llaO, and this is described as an example. While applying force, the above dimensional relationship is also adopted for the thin portion 102, the other end of the embedded hole 1 laO, and the embedded hole 1 lbO. It is desirable.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the motor with the stator 2 partially broken.
- the rotors 1A and 1B have a common rotation axis, and the rotors 1A and 1B are arranged side by side in the axial direction and fixedly connected to each other to form the rotor 1.
- rotor 1 is divided into rotors 1A and 1B.
- the shaft is penetrated through the rotors 1A and 1B! / ⁇ !
- FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b) are cross-sectional views showing the positional relationship between rotor 1A and stator 2, and the positional relationship between rotor 1B and stator 2, respectively.
- Rotors 1A and 1B have the same structure.
- the first pole faces l lAaN and l lBaN correspond to the first pole face l laN in FIG. 2, and the first pole faces l lAbS and l lBbS correspond to the first pole face l lbS in FIG.
- the non-magnetic members 12A and 12B correspond to the non-magnetic member 12 in FIG.
- the structure of the stator 2 is not shifted in the circumferential direction about the rotation axis M
- the arrangement of the rotors 1A and 1B is shifted from each other by an angle ⁇ in the circumferential direction.
- the position of the first magnetic pole faces l lAaN and l lAbS belonging to the rotor 1A and the position of the first magnetic pole faces l lBaN and HBbS belonging to the rotor 1B are shifted by an angle ⁇ in the circumferential direction.
- the positions of the non-magnetic members 12A and 12B are shifted in the circumferential direction by an angle ⁇ .
- FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b) a certain reference position on the stator 2 and a center line of the nonmagnetic material 12B are indicated by a dashed line and a two-dot chain line, respectively.
- the center of the nonmagnetic body 12B and the above-described reference position are shifted by an angle ⁇ .
- the rotor 1 since the rotor 1 has the rotor 1A and the rotor 1B fixed and connected to each other, the flow of the magnetic flux given by the rotor 1A and the rotor 1B differs for the same position of the stator 2. .
- Patent Literature 3 discloses that a rotor is divided into a plurality of pieces along a rotation axis direction and arranged differently in a circumferential direction to reduce torque pulsation. Te! It was confirmed by simulation that the present invention also has a significant effect.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the torque waveform Ql of the structure according to the present invention shown in FIG. 3 and the torque waveform Q2 of the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 17 to 19.
- the horizontal axis indicates the rotation angle, and shows the torque waveform for 1Z3 rotations.
- the axial length of the rotor 1 shown in FIG. 17 was calculated in accordance with that of the rotor 1 shown in FIG.
- the characteristics of the permanent magnet used are the same.
- FIG. 20 illustrates a configuration in which rotor 1 is divided into three parts, rotors 1C, ID, and 1E.
- the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E also have the same rotation axis and the same structure.
- the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E are shown separately, but are actually fixed and connected along a dashed line. However, a force that is omitted for simplicity of illustration is sandwiched between adjacent rotors by a magnetic barrier between rotors described later.
- stator 2 is also shown as being divided into three parts, but actually, these are also integrally connected along the dashed line.
- the stator 2 is not displaced in the circumferential direction, unlike the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E.
- the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E are used in order to equalize the magnetic attraction between the stator 2 and the rotor 1 rather than to reduce torque pulsation.
- the first magnetic pole faces of the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E are arranged at mutually different positions in the circumferential direction.
- the magnetic pole faces of the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E are arranged with the same polarity in the direction of the rotation axis.
- one N-polar first magnetic pole face and two N-polar third magnetic pole faces are arranged in the direction along the rotation axis
- one S-polar first magnetic pole face and one S-polar third magnetic pole face Are arranged in the direction along the rotation axis.
- the magnetic flux density on the third magnetic pole surface is lower than the magnetic flux density on the first magnetic pole surface, and thus, by arranging the magnetic poles in this manner, almost the same magnetic flux density can be obtained for any magnetic pole. . Therefore, it is easy to make the magnetic attraction force uniform. And if the magnetic flux density is symmetric in the axial direction, Therefore, it is desirable from the viewpoint of suppressing the occurrence of the grinding wood motion of the rotor.
- the total thickness of rotors having the same rotation angle may be compared.
- the rotor 1C, the rotor 1D, and the rotor IE are provided, as well as the rotor 1C in the circumferential direction, like the rotor 1D.
- the sum of the axial thickness of the rotor and the axial thickness of the rotor 1D is set equal to the thickness of the rotor 1C and the rotor IE.
- the magnetic flux flowing through the second magnetic pole surface of a certain rotor passes through the main body of the rotor adjacent to the rotor. Resulting in. For example, the magnetic flux flowing on the second magnetic pole surface of the N pole of the rotor 1C flows through the main body of the rotor 1C, ID, 1E, ID, 1C to the second magnetic pole surface of the S pole of the rotor 1C. This makes it difficult for the third magnetic pole surface to be generated in the body portion of itself, and the amount of linkage of the magnetic flux to the stator 2 is reduced.
- FIG. 21 is a plan view of the rotor magnetic barrier 5 perpendicular to the rotation axis direction.
- the cross-sectional structure common to the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E is represented by a broken line, as represented by the structure shown in FIG.
- Rotor magnetic barrier 5 has an outer shape slightly closer to the rotation axis than the second permanent magnet. However, a magnetic plate having the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E as outer shells may be provided outside the outer shape. In other words, a magnetic body that is the same type as the rotors 1C, ID, and 1E and surrounds the rotor magnetic barrier 5 may be sandwiched between adjacent rotors. For example, when air, refrigerant, oil, or the like that permeates the inside of the motor is employed as the rotor magnetic barrier 5, only the magnetic material may be sandwiched between adjacent rotors.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the structure of the strong magnetic body 6.
- the angle of deviation ⁇ is usually small, and the nonmagnetic bodies 12A and 12B almost overlap each other. It is not necessary to provide a magnetic barrier. However, if the non-magnetic materials 12A and 12B are thin and the main parts of the rotors 1A and 1B come into contact with each other, the inter-rotor magnetic It is desirable to provide a gas barrier 5 (or a magnetic material 6).
- rotor 1 has two magnetically permeable main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ arranged side by side with nonmagnetic material 12 interposed therebetween. Then, the direction connecting the permanent magnets 11 a and l ib crosses the magnetic barrier 19. On the other hand, the f ⁇ of the third pole faces 13aSl and 13aS2 and the f ⁇ of the third pole faces 13bNl and 13bN2 have magnetic barrier forces ⁇ ! ⁇ . Therefore, the direction connecting the permanent magnets 11a and lib has a smaller inductance than the direction in which the nonmagnetic body 12 extends. Therefore, the rotor 1 can be understood as a rotor of a two-pole reluctance motor having the d-axis in the direction in which the nonmagnetic body 12 extends.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a D-phase winding, an E-phase winding, and an F-phase winding are added.
- the circled cross and the circled points in the figure indicate that the wiring is directed from the page to the back and from the page to the front, respectively.
- these indications and arrows indicate the direction of the winding, and do not necessarily indicate the direction of the current.
- connection points DO, EO, and FO are forces drawn out into the rotor 1. This is to avoid complexity of the drawing, and is actually drawn out.
- FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the D-phase winding, the E-phase winding, and the F-phase winding. From the three-phase inverter 31, the D-phase current ID, the E-phase current IE, and the F-phase current IF are supplied to the D-phase winding, the E-phase winding, and the F-phase winding, respectively. [0189] There are various possible forms of the windings of the D-phase winding, the E-phase winding, and the F-phase winding. Here, the case where the distributed winding is adopted is illustrated. If the distributed winding is adopted, there is little problem that the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing through the winding housed in the same slot cancels each other, which may be caused by the concentrated winding.
- FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a method of providing a winding F 2 in a slot (a winding groove between the teeth 21) around which the windings A 2 and C 1 are wound.
- the winding F2 may be separately wound and inserted between the windings A2 and C1 previously wound on the tooth portion 21 to adopt an inserter winding. It is understood that the winding F2 is provided on the tooth portion 21 via the windings A2 and C1.
- a winding nozzle (not shown) is swung inside the slot, and the first winding is wound firmly while applying a certain tension.
- the first winding (the windings A2 and C1 in FIG. 25) is wound around the tooth portion 21 via an insulating material (not shown) such as an insulating film and an insulator molded product. Since the winding nozzle is wound while oscillating in the slot, the first winding cannot be wound around the oscillating space of the nozzle and the periphery thereof, and dead space is created.
- a second winding (winding F2 in FIG. 25) is previously wound around a predetermined winding frame. Then, the second winding wire is inserted into the dead space from between the tooth portions 21. As a result, the winding is almost entirely accommodated in the winding groove, and the space factor of the winding can be improved.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of generating a two-pole magnetic flux.
- the d-axis dr force as a reluctance motor of the rotor 1 is parallel to the direction connecting the tooth portion 21 on which the winding B2 is wound and the slots in which the windings Al and C3 are housed and the windings Al and C3.
- rotor 1 is given a magnetic field inclined by its d-axis dr force angle
- the second winding D-phase winding, E-phase winding, F-phase winding
- Angle j8 force Reluctance torque is maximized by passing each phase current ID, IE, IF to keep 5 degrees
- the reluctance torque is represented by FIGS.
- the rotor 1 can be rotated by generating the magnet torques by the first windings providing the six-pole magnetic flux, respectively. Since the currents of the respective phases can be supplied to the first winding and the second winding independently of each other, the driving of the permanent motor can be controlled by selectively using these currents.
- steady operation refers to an operation region in which the operation time is long, for example, an operation state in which the driven equipment is exhibited in a stable state
- high load operation refers to the maximum load of the equipment.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the stator 2 in which nine-phase windings of A-phase and I-phase are wound around nine teeth 21 by concentrated winding. One end of each phase winding is drawn out as a current input terminal, and the other end is commonly connected to a neutral point Z.
- Fig. 28 shows the currents I, 1, 1 for generating a six-pole magnetic flux on the A-phase-I-phase winding
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration. Here, a sine wave is used as each current, but a rectangular wave may be used.
- the currents I, ⁇ , ⁇ are supplied by the three-phase inverter 30 to the currents I, 1, 1, 1, 1,
- I, I, I, and I are output by the 9-phase inverter 32, respectively, and are synthesized.
- phase currents IA-II are applied to the A-phase and I-phase windings, respectively.
- the current in such an embodiment is exemplified in, for example, Patent Documents 416.
- the A-phase winding, the D-phase winding, and the G-phase winding correspond to windings Al, A2, A3, respectively, and the B-phase winding.
- the winding, E-phase winding and H-phase winding correspond to windings Bl, B2, B3 respectively, and C-phase winding, F-phase winding and I-phase winding correspond to windings CI, C2, C3 respectively. I do. Therefore, current I is equal to B-phase winding, D-phase winding and G-phase winding.
- the current I is applied to the C, F, and I windings equally to the 6A, E, and H windings.
- the six-pole magnetic flux shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 can be generated.
- the A-phase-I-phase nine-phase winding is a common path for the current generating the six-pole magnetic flux and the current generating the two-pole magnetic flux. Therefore, even when driving is performed using a current with a deviation, all of these windings can be used, and the usage efficiency of the windings increases.
- the rotation angle ⁇ of the rotor 1 is determined based on the case where the thin portion 102 is located between the ⁇ -phase winding and the I-phase winding (0 degrees). Each current is set.
- I D I 6A + I 2D
- IF I eC + I 2F
- I G J 6A + I 2G
- I 2A I "siin ⁇ ( ⁇ + 60—% / ⁇ 80 ⁇
- I 2C I 2 * siin ⁇ ( ⁇ + 80 ⁇ / 3 2 ) / ⁇ 80 ⁇
- I 2H Is * siin ⁇ ( ⁇ -- 20- ⁇ )% / ⁇ 80 ⁇
- the rotation angle ⁇ is obtained by multiplying the rotation speed (rps) by time t (seconds) and 360 degrees.
- 16 and 12 indicate the amplitudes of the currents for generating magnetic flux of 6 poles and 2 poles, respectively.
- the current phase for maximizing the reluctance torque is more than 0 ° and less than 45 °.
- the load region where the field weakening is adopted is excluded.
- the angle j8 For example, 20 degrees can be adopted. As described above, 45 degrees can be adopted as the angle j8.
- FIG. 29 Shown as FIG. 29 is a graph showing the current flowing through the ⁇ phase winding, where (a), (b), and (c) show the currents I, I, and IA, respectively.
- Figure 30 is a graph showing the current flowing through the B-phase winding.
- FIG. 33 is a graph showing the current flowing through the E-phase winding, where (a), (b), and (c) show the currents I, I, and IE, respectively.
- Figure 34 is a graph showing the current flowing through the F-phase winding, where (a) and (b)
- 5A and 5B are graphs showing currents I, I, and IH, respectively.
- I is a graph showing the current flowing through the I-phase winding, and (a), (b), and (c) show the currents I, I, and I, respectively.
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotor 1 provided with a non-magnetic material 123 that divides the four third magnetic pole faces 13aSl, 13aS2, 13bNl, and 13bN2 from each other.
- the flow of the magnetic flux shown here is similar to that in the case where there is no magnetic barrier between the third pole faces 13aSl and 13aS2 and between the third pole faces 13bNl and 13bN2 (Fig. 8). Is supported.
- Magnetic Although the flow of the bundle itself is not much different between FIG. 8 and FIG. 38, it is not suitable for obtaining a two-pole reluctance torque for the reasons described above! However, if the drive is performed only with the magnetic flux of 6 poles, the same effect as that shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.
- FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the rotor 1 having two types of deformation.
- a first deformation point is that a plurality of non-magnetic bodies 124 and 125 are provided between the magnetic flux generating sections la and lb.
- the magnetic shaft 46 is provided so as to penetrate the rotor 1 in the rotation axis direction in the magnetically permeable main body portion 10t.
- the nonmagnetic members 124 and 125 sandwich the center of rotation, and separate the shaft 46 and the main body 10t from the main bodies 10m and 10 ⁇ , respectively.
- Body parts 10m, 10t, 10 ⁇ are forces connected to each other by thin parts 103, 104 outside both ends of non-magnetic material 124, 125.
- thin parts 103, 104 are also magnetic barriers. It works as Therefore, even though the shaft 46 is a magnetic material, this does not prevent the generation of the third magnetic pole surface.
- wide portions 9a are provided at both ends of buried hole llaO, and wide portions 9b are provided at both ends of buried hole llbO.
- the wide portions 9a, 9b extend in the circumferential direction near the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1, and the permanent magnets 11a, lib are not embedded therein.
- Wide portions 9a and 9b suppress short-circuit flow of magnetic flux between the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface in the same magnetic flux generating portion. Thereby, the magnetic fluxes of the first magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface can be concentrated at the respective centers. This is also desirable from the viewpoint of improving torque.
- widths Tg and Tm are desirably set to be substantially the same, the circumferential widths of the wide portions 9a and 9b and the widths of the end portions of the magnetic barriers 124 and 125 are different. It is desirable that the sum is set to be almost the same.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view of the stator 1 exemplifying a further modification of the second modification point.
- Non-magnetic members 9 la and 91 b are provided instead of the wide portions 9 a and 9 b, respectively.
- the non-magnetic materials 91a and 91b are provided near both ends of the buried holes llaO and llbO, respectively, but do not communicate with them.
- the non-magnetic material 9 la is separated from both ends of the buried hole l laO Therefore, in the main body portion 10m, the magnetoresistance in the portion located between the two is large, and substantially fulfills the same function as the wide portion 9a. The same applies to the non-magnetic material 91b.
- a nonmagnetic material 91c is provided in the vicinity of both ends of the nonmagnetic material 12 while being spaced apart and close to each other, and functions as a magnetic barrier near both ends of the nonmagnetic material 12.
- the circumferential width of the magnetic barrier near the surface of the rotor 1 is increased, and the effect corresponding to the fact that it is desirable to set the widths Tg and Tm to be substantially the same in FIG. Obtainable.
- a permanent magnet 11a and a permanent magnet l ib are buried in the buried holes l laO and l lbO in FIG. 40, respectively, as shown in FIG.
- a permanent magnet may be provided that presents an S pole on the laS side and an N pole on the 1 lbN side of the second magnetic pole surface of 1 lb of the permanent magnet.
- the additionally arranged permanent magnet also functions as a part of the magnetic barrier. This can reduce the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux.
- the permanent magnet separately provided near the end of the non-magnetic body 12 is a permanent magnet having the first magnetic pole surface and the second magnetic pole surface (in the above example, the permanent magnet 1 la, 1 lb). It is possible to use permanent magnets, which are smaller than the energy of the largest engineer.
- FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 1, illustrating a modification of the configuration of the permanent magnets 11a and 11b.
- FIG. 2 an arc shape that is convex on the inner peripheral side of the rotor 1 is illustrated in FIG. 2 .
- the permanent magnets 11a and lib do not necessarily need to be constituted by a single magnet. Absent.
- a permanent magnet 1 la is formed in a substantially U-shape using three plate-shaped permanent magnets l lal, l la2 and l la3.
- a permanent magnet lib is formed in a substantially U-shape using three plate-shaped permanent magnets 1 lb1, llb2, and llb3.
- a plate magnet is often used, but it is possible to increase the amount of magnetic flux by combining a plurality of plate magnets.
- the permanent magnets 11a and 11b may be set in a single flat plate shape.
- FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the rotor 1 that exerts another deformation.
- the main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ are separated, and the main body portion 10j is separated from the main body portion 10m further on the outer peripheral side than the permanent magnet 11a.
- the main body portion 10k is separated from the main body portion 10 ⁇ on the outer peripheral side of 1 lb of the permanent magnet.
- the hole 15 is drilled in the main body 10m, 10 ⁇ , through which the shaft 4 shown in Fig. 12 can be mounted. Therefore, the main body portions 10m and 10 ⁇ are connected via the shaft 4.
- holes 16 are drilled in the main body portions 10m, 10 ⁇ , 10c, and 10d, and if the corresponding through holes 43 are provided in the end plate 42, the main body portions 10c and 10d are also connected to the main body portion 10m via the shaft 4. , 10 ⁇ .
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration of a permanent magnet motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis M.
- FIG. 44 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the rotor 1 in more detail.
- the permanent magnet motor also includes a stator 2 and a rotor 1 that faces the stator 2 via a gap.
- the stator 2 has a plurality of teeth 21 and an annular yoke 22 connecting the teeth 21 on the side opposite to the rotor 1.
- a concentrated winding, A-phase winding, B-phase winding, and C-phase winding are wound around the tooth portion 21. Similar to the configurations shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the A-phase winding is winding Al, A2, A3, the B-phase winding is winding Bl, B2, B3, and the C-phase winding is winding CI, C2. , C3 are connected in series, and the A-phase winding, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding are connected to each other at the neutral point Z to form a star connection.
- A-phase currents IA, B-IB, and C-phase ICs are supplied to the A-phase winding, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding by the three-phase inverter 30, respectively, to generate six-pole rotating magnetic flux. .
- windings Al, A2, and A3 are connected in parallel with each other to form an A-phase winding, and windings Bl, B2, and B3 are connected together.
- the B-phase windings may be connected to each other in parallel, and the windings CI, C2, and C3 may be connected in parallel to each other to form the C-phase winding.
- a delta connection instead of a star connection may be employed.
- the rotor 1 has a permeable main body 10, a permanent magnet body 14, and non-magnetic bodies 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b.
- the main body 10 of the rotor 1 has a substantially cylindrical side surface 100. For example, it is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets.
- the permanent magnet body 14 extends between the positions 10P and 10R substantially opposite to each other on the side surface 100 across the rotation axis M.
- the permanent magnet body 14 is, for example, pierced in the main body 10 and buried in a burying hole 13 in which a permanent magnet is buried.
- the rotor 1 is of an embedded magnet type.
- the main body 10 is roughly divided into main body parts 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, lOe, and lOf by the burying holes 13 and the nonmagnetic bodies 121a, 121b, 122a, and 122b. More specifically, the main body portion 10a is separated from the other main body portion by the burying hole 13 and the non-magnetic body 121a, and the main body portion 10b is separated from the other main body portion by the burying hole 13 and the non-magnetic body 121a, 122a.
- the main body part 10c is separated from the other main body part by the burying hole 13 and the non-magnetic body 122a, and the main body part 10d is separated from the other main body part by the burying hole 13 and the non-magnetic body 122b.
- 10e is separated from the other main body by the burying hole 13 and the non-magnetic material 122b, 121b, and the main body portion 10f is separated from the other main body by the burying hole 13 and the non-magnetic material 121b.
- the main body portions 10a to 10f adjacent ones are connected via a thin portion of the main body 10. More specifically, the main body portions 10a and 10b are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic member 121a and a thin portion between the nonmagnetic member 121a and the embedding hole 13. The main body portions 10b and 10c are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic member 122a and a thin portion between the nonmagnetic member 122a and the burial hole 13. The main body portions 10c and 10d are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the embedding hole 13 at the position 10P.
- the main body portions 10d and 10e are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic member 122b and a thin portion between the nonmagnetic member 122b and the burying hole 13.
- the body portions 10e and 10f are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic member 121b and a thin portion between the nonmagnetic member 121b and the burying hole 13.
- the body portions 10f and 10a are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the burying hole 13 at the position 10R.
- the permanent magnet body 14 has switching positions 14X and 14Y at which the magnetization directions are switched between the positions 10P and 10R. Specifically, position 10R, conversion positions 14X, 14Y, and position 10P are arranged in this order. For example, the transition positions 14X, 14Y divide the position 10P, 10R into three equal parts.
- the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet body 14 is substantially orthogonal to both the extending direction of the permanent magnet body 14 and the rotation axis M. In the structure shown in FIG. 44, the permanent magnet body 14 passes in the vicinity of the rotation axis M and extends substantially in the diameter direction of the rotor 1.
- the N pole face 14aN and the S pole face 14aS appear on the main body part 10a and 1Of side, respectively.
- the magnetic pole surface 14bS of the S pole and the magnetic pole surface 14bN of the N pole appear on the main body portions 10b and 10e, respectively.
- the N pole face 14cN and the S pole PlcS appear on the main body parts 10c and 10d, respectively.
- the switching positions 14X and 14Y are not substantially magnetized or are magnetized weaker than other portions. Alternatively, it may be magnetized along the rotation axis M.
- the permanent magnet body 14 preferably has anisotropy in its thickness direction. Even when the permanent magnet body 14 is magnetized after burying the permanent magnet body 14 inside the rotor 1 as well as when magnetizing a plurality of poles in parallel by itself, the magnetization rate is good, and The maximum energy product can also be improved.
- the permanent magnet body 14 includes three permanent magnets 14a, 14b, and 14c as one body, and the permanent magnets 14a, 14b at the switching position 14X. However, it can be understood that they are adjacent to each other. In this case, the switching positions 14X and 14Y can be grasped as adjacent positions of adjacent permanent magnets.
- the nonmagnetic materials 121a and 121b extend to the vicinity of the side surface 100 near the turning position 14X, and the nonmagnetic materials 122a and 122b extend to the vicinity of the side surface 100 near the turning position 14Y. Since the thickness of the thin portion between the nonmagnetic members 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b and the side surface 100 and the burying hole 13 is small, magnetic saturation is likely to occur. Therefore, although the main parts 10a-10f are mechanically connected, once the magnetic flux is saturated by a small part of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 14a, 14b, 14c, the function of transmitting the magnetic flux in these thin portions is almost impossible. Absent. In other words, the magnetic barrier extends to the side surface 100 for both side forces at the switching positions 14 X and 14 Y.
- the end of the nonmagnetic material 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b on the permanent magnet body 14 side is a thin wall of the main body 10. It may contact the permanent magnet body 14 without leaving a part.
- the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b are formed as voids formed in the main body 10, the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b can be formed integrally with the burial hole 13.
- the main body portions 10a to 10f are magnetically shielded from each other.
- the magnetic flux that also generates the magnetic pole surface 14aN force flows to the side surface 100 via the main body portion 10a, and forms an N pole magnetic pole surface on the side surface 100 of the main body portion 10a.
- the magnetic flux generated from the magnetic pole surface 14bS forms an S pole magnetic pole surface on the side surface 100 of the main body portion 10b
- the magnetic flux generated from the magnetic pole surface 14cN forms an N magnetic pole surface on the side surface 100 of the main body portion 10c.
- the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic pole surface 14cS forms a magnetic pole surface of S pole on the side surface 100 of the main body 10d
- the magnetic flux generated from the magnetic pole surface 14bN forms a magnetic pole surface of N pole on the side surface 100 of the main body portion 10e.
- the magnetic flux, which also generates the magnetic pole surface 14aS force, forms the magnetic pole surface of the S pole on the side surface 100 of the main body portion 10f.
- the permanent magnet bodies 14 having different magnetization directions, magnetic fluxes generated from the N pole and the S pole are guided to the side surface 100 via the main body 10.
- the number of pole faces generated on the side surface 100 is six times the number of extending permanent magnets 14 (more precisely, twice the value obtained by adding 1 to the number 2 of the turning positions 14X and 14Y).
- the permanent magnet body 14 extends between the positions 10P and 10R almost opposite to each other on the side surface, and the turning positions 14X and 14Y divide the position into three, so that the magnetic flux densities at these pole faces are almost equal. They can be aligned.
- FIG. 45 shows a simulation result of the magnetic flux flowing in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the current supplied to the stator 2 is common.
- the rotor 1 also rotates the reference position force shown in Fig. 43 by 180 electrical degrees.
- the magnetic flux when supplied over the inverted position is shown! / Puru.
- FIG. 46 is a graph showing a torque waveform QO of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 10 and a torque waveform Q3 of the structure shown in FIG. 43 (FIG. 45).
- the vertical axis shows the torque in arbitrary units, and the horizontal axis shows the rotation angle, showing the torque waveform for 1Z3 rotations.
- the torque waveform Q3 is almost 1Z2 of the torque waveform QO. Since the amount of permanent magnet used in the structure of the present invention is approximately 1Z3 of the amount of permanent magnet used in the conventional structure, the torque generated per unit volume of the permanent magnet is about 1.5 times. It has become. This indicates that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is effectively used.
- FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a positional relationship between the burying hole 13 in which the permanent magnet is buried and the nonmagnetic bodies 121a, 121b, 122a, and 122b. It is not always necessary that the permanent magnet body 14 is buried exactly at both ends of the burying hole 13.
- Both ends of the burying hole 13 extend to the vicinity of the positions 10P, 10R, and divide the side surface 100 into approximately six equal parts along with the side surface 100-side end portions of the non-magnetic bodies 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b. I have.
- the end of the non-magnetic body 121a on the side surface 100 side is separated from the position 10R by an angle ⁇ a in the circumferential direction
- the non-magnetic body 122a is
- the side surface 100 side is separated by an angle ⁇ b in the circumferential direction at the end
- the position 10P is separated by an angle ⁇ c in the circumferential direction from the end of the nonmagnetic body 122a on the side surface 100 side, and is separated from the position 10P.
- the end on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic body 122b is separated by an angle ⁇ d in the circumferential direction, and the end on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic body 121b is closer to the end portion on the side 100 side of the nonmagnetic body 122b.
- the position 10R is separated from the end of the nonmagnetic body 121b on the side surface 100 side by an angle 0 f in the circumferential direction.
- the pole faces of rotor 1 can be equally distributed at substantially equal angles. If any one of the angles ⁇ a, 0 b, 0 c, ⁇ ⁇ , 0 e, 0 f is extremely large, that is, if the value greatly exceeds 60 degrees, the angle exceeds 60 degrees In some parts, negative torque may be generated. Therefore, equal distribution as described above makes it possible to reduce the magnetic flux density in the axial direction. It is desirable that the viewpoint force can suppress the occurrence of the whirling motion of the rotor. However, a slight increase or decrease in the angle may be changed as a design matter in order to reduce torque ripple.
- the magnetic pole surfaces 14aS, 14aN, 14bS, 14bN, 14cN, 14cS and the magnetic resistance from the surface 100 to the Tsukuda J surface 100 are equal to each other. Desirable. However, the average distance from the permanent magnet body 14 to the side surface 100 in the main body parts 10b and 10e is the average distance from the permanent magnet body 14 force to the side surface 100 in the main body parts 10a and 10f, and the permanent distance from the main body parts 10c and 10d. The 14 magnets are also longer than the average distance to the side 100.
- the non-magnetic bodies 121a, 121b, 122a and 122b are divided into the main body parts 10a, 10f and 10f, respectively. It may be curved so as to be convex toward 10c and 10d. This is because the non-magnetic bodies 121a and 121b that separate the main body parts 10a and 10f located on the position 10R side are convexly curved with respect to the main body parts 10a and 10f, and the main body parts 10c and 10d located on the position 10P side. It can be understood that the divided non-magnetic members 122a and 122b are convexly curved with respect to the main body portions 10c and 10d.
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a preferred dimensional relationship of the rotor 1, and shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the burying hole 13 at the side surface 100 and the position 10R of the nonmagnetic body 121b.
- the embedding hole 13 and the non-magnetic members 121a, 122a, and 122b at the force position 10P which will be described with reference to the illustrated portions, also adopt suitable dimensions.
- the non-magnetic material 12 lb has a width Tg of 1 /! However, since the 12 lb of the nonmagnetic material is not perpendicular to the side surface 100 but is inclined, the width Tg2 along the side surface 100 at the end of the nonmagnetic material 121b on the side surface 100 side is wider than the width Tgl. I have.
- the thickness of the thin portion between the nonmagnetic body 121b and the side surface 100 is Bg, and the thickness of the buried hole 13 near the position 10R is close to the side surface 100.
- the thickness of the thin portion between them is Bm, and the width of the burying hole 13 near the side surface 100 is Tm.
- the end of the burying hole 13 may be wide.
- the width Tm adopts a value expanded near the side surface 100.
- these widths may be intentionally made different.
- a space may be separately provided near the end of the burying hole 13 independently. This has the effect of substantially expanding the width Tm near the side surface 100.
- the width Tgl of the non-magnetic material 121b may be set to be, for example, about twice or more larger than the gap between the rotor 1 and the stator 2, or the leakage of magnetic flux at the non-magnetic material 121b may be performed. In the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1 to prevent a decrease in magnetic flux density.
- the relationship between the width Tgl, Tg2, Tm, the thickness Bg, Bm, and the gap between the rotor 1 and the stator 2 can be set independently. That is, if one of the above three relationships can be obtained, each effect can be obtained. However, the best effect can be obtained if all of the above three relationships are satisfied.
- the structure of the rotor 1 according to the present invention is not limited to those shown in FIGS. 43 and 44.
- the permanent magnet body 14 extends between the positions 10P and 10R, and there is at least one turning position 14X and 14Y between the positions 10P and 10R.From the vicinity of each of the turning positions 14X and 14Y, to the vicinity of the side surface 100. It is sufficient that the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet body 14 is substantially orthogonal to both the extending direction of the permanent magnet body 14 and the rotation axis M.
- Examples of the magnetic barrier include the non-magnetic materials 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b and the thin portions on both sides thereof.
- FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the rotor 1 according to the present embodiment, which shows a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis M.
- the permanent magnet body 14 is provided so as to avoid the rotation axis M, and has a substantially arc shape having ends near the positions 10P and 10R.
- a magnetic pole surface 14aN of the N pole and a magnetic pole surface 14aS of the S pole appear on the main body portion 10a, 1Of side, respectively.
- Conversion position Between 14X and 14Y, a magnetic pole surface 14bS of the S pole and a magnetic pole surface 14bN of the N pole appear on the main body portions 10b and 10e, respectively.
- the N pole face 14cN and the S pole face 14cS appear on the main body part 10c, 10d side, respectively. That is, the point that the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet body 14 is substantially orthogonal to both the extending direction of the permanent magnet body 14 and the rotation axis M, as shown in FIG. 43 and FIG. This is the same as when the permanent magnet body 14 is used.
- the shaft 40 that penetrates the main body 10 in a region including the rotation axis M can be provided.
- the case where the shaft 40 is provided in the main body 10b is illustrated.
- FIG. 49 illustrates a case where a void where the permanent magnet body 14 is not buried remains at the end of the burying hole 13.
- the switching positions 14X and 14Y divide the permanent magnet body 14 into approximately three equal parts, and the non-magnetic members 121a and 121b force from the switching position 14X and the non-magnetic members 122a and 122b from the switching position 14Y.
- each extends to the side surface 100 to provide a magnetic barrier.
- the nonmagnetic members 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b and the positions 10P, 10R are arranged at an angle that divides the side surface 100 into six equal parts in the circumferential direction.
- the structure shown in FIGS. 43, 44 and 47 is better in that the permanent magnet body 14 in each of the main body portions 10a to 10f uniformly reduces the magnetic resistance until reaching the side surface 100. It is suitable.
- the material of the shaft 40 is desirably at least one of a non-magnetic material and an insulator. This is because by employing a non-magnetic material, magnetic flux does not pass through the inside of the shaft 40, and the magnetic flux can be used effectively. Also, by using an insulator, even if a magnetic material is used for the shaft 40, no eddy current is generated inside the shaft 40.
- the non-magnetic material include stainless steel and aluminum
- examples of the insulator include engineering plastic and a material obtained by solidifying iron powder insulated from each other.
- FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of rotor 1 working on deformation in the present embodiment, showing a cross section perpendicular to rotation axis M thereof.
- There is no burial hole 13 and permanent magnet body 14 Although extending between the positions 10P and 10R, it is provided in the vicinity of the side surface 100 for approximately half a circumference.
- the turning points 14X and 14Y are located between the positions 10P and 10R, and the permanent magnet body 14 is roughly divided into three equal parts, and the magnetic barrier extending from the vicinity of each of the turning points 14X and 14Y to the vicinity of the side surface 100 is formed.
- nonmagnetic members 121 and 122 are provided which extend from the switching positions 14X and 14Y to the side surface 100 opposite to the side where the permanent magnet body 14 is provided. Therefore, the number of non-magnetic materials is halved compared to the case described so far.
- the non-magnetic members 121 and 122 not only the non-magnetic members 121 and 122 but also the thin portions of the main body 10 between both ends of the non-magnetic members 121 and 122 and the side surface 100 function as magnetic barriers (since they are easily magnetically saturated).
- the nonmagnetic members 121 and 122 extend so as to avoid the shaft 40 provided near the rotation axis M. It is desirable to make the space between the non-magnetic members 121 and 122 and the shaft 40 sufficiently large so that magnetic flux does not leak to the shaft 40. However, as described above, it is more desirable that the shaft 40 be at least one of a non-magnetic material and an insulator.
- the nonmagnetic bodies 121 and 122 divide the main body 10 into main body parts 10a, 10b, and 10c. More specifically, the main body portion 10a is located on the opposite side to the rotation axis M with respect to the non-magnetic body 121, and the main body portion 10c is located on the opposite side to the rotation axis M with respect to the non-magnetic body 122. However, the main body portion 10b is positioned so as to be surrounded by the non-magnetic bodies 121 and 122 including the rotation axis M. Shaft 40 is provided in body portion 10b.
- the magnetic pole surfaces 14aN, 14bS, and 14cN are provided facing each other on the side surface 100, and the magnetic pole surfaces 14aS, 14bN, 14c S is provided opposing.
- a magnetic barrier is provided also at the positions 10P and 10R.
- a gap is provided between the main body 10 and the end of the permanent magnet body 14. This is because the magnetic flux is short-circuited between the magnetic pole surfaces 14aN and 14aS via the main body portion 10a and between the magnetic pole surfaces 14cN and 14cS via the main body portion 10c! / ⁇
- the portion of the main body portion 10a that is exposed as the side surface 100 is The pole face 14aN functions as the N pole face of the rotor 1 by the generated magnetic flux.
- the magnetic pole surface 14aS of the permanent magnet body 14 functions as the S magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1.
- the portion exposed as the side surface 100 functions as the S magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1 by the magnetic flux generated from the magnetic pole surface 14bS.
- the magnetic pole surface 14bN of the permanent magnet body 14 functions as the N magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1.
- the portion of the main body portion 10c exposed as the side surface 100 functions as the N magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1 by the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic pole surface 14c N force.
- the pole face 14cS of the permanent magnet body 14 functions as the S pole face of the rotor 1 on the side of the main body portion 10c opposite to the portion exposed as the side face 100.
- the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet body 14 directly functions as the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1, and the magnetic pole surface force of the permanent magnet body 14 also functions as the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1 by the magnetic flux passing through the main body.
- the gap between the stator and the stator 2 is substantially the same.
- the rotor 1 has three N pole faces and three S pole faces alternately arranged at a position facing the stator 2 (not shown). It rotates similarly to the structure shown in FIG. 44 or the structure shown in FIG.
- the positions of the positions 10P, 10R and the ends of the non-magnetic bodies 121, 122 may divide the side surface 100 into approximately six equal parts in the circumferential direction. desirable.
- FIG. 51 shows a simulation result of the magnetic flux flowing in the deformation shown in FIG.
- the current supplied to the stator 2 in the simulation is the same as the current used in FIG. 10 and
- FIG. FIG. 52 is a graph showing the torque waveform Q4 obtained by the deformation shown in FIG. 50 together with the torque waveform Q0 of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 46 and the torque waveform Q3 of the structure shown in FIG. is there. Also in this graph, the same unit as in FIG. 46 is used on the vertical axis, and the horizontal axis shows the torque waveform for 1 Z3 rotations taking the rotation angle.
- the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet body 14 functions as it is as the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 1, and the magnetic pole surface force of the permanent magnet body 14 is also changed by the magnetic flux passing through the main body portion.
- the torque waveform Q4 has more pulsations than the torque waveform Q3.
- the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets is Luke can be increased.
- the cost (including added cost) of the permanent magnets can be reduced.
- the reluctance torque can be used similarly to the sixth embodiment, due to the magnetic saliency of the magnetic pole surface of rotor 1. .
- the current phase for maximizing the reluctance torque is more than 0 degree and less than 45 degrees.
- the phase advance angle is 15 to 35 degrees
- rotor 1 shown in FIG. 50 has a smaller saliency and a smaller reluctance torque than rotor 1 shown in FIGS. 44 and 49.
- the shaft portion appears in the abbreviated force-applicable section, and that the shaft be provided at a certain position. It is one of the forms. For example, it is desirable to provide a resin shaft integrally formed with the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b, 122a, and 122b and protruding from one end or both ends of the rotor 1.
- FIG. 53 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure in which the shaft 4 is provided at one end of the rotor 1 in the direction of the rotation axis M.
- the shaft 4 may be provided at both of the ends.
- shaft 4 has shaft main body 41 and end plate 42.
- a hole 44 is formed in the center of the end plate 42 and a through hole 43 is formed around the hole 44.
- the shaft body 41 is inserted into the hole 44 and fixed.
- six through-holes 43 are provided, and the case is illustrated as an example! RU
- one hole 15 is formed in each of the main body portions 10a to 10f at the end of the rotor 1 in the direction of the rotation axis M.
- the hole 15 and the hole 43 are arranged so as to correspond to each other, and are not shown between them, and are fixed with bolts or rivets.
- the end plate 42 may also serve as a balance weight, but the end plate 42 is desirably a non-magnetic material. If a magnetic material is employed, magnetic flux from the pole faces on both sides of the permanent magnet body 14 is short-circuited via the end plate 42, and the pole face of the stator 2 is generated on the side face 100.
- FIG. 54 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of rotor 1 acting on deformation in the present embodiment.
- the main body portions 10a to 10f are separated from each other by the permanent magnet body 14 and the non-magnetic bodies 121a, 121b, 122a, 122b.
- a hole 15 is drilled in the main body portion 10a-10f, through which the shaft 4 shown in FIG. 53 can be mounted. Therefore, the main body portions 10a to 10f are connected via the shaft 4.
- a hole 16 is drilled in the main body portion 10a-10f and a through hole 43 corresponding to this is provided in the end plate 42, the main body portion 10a-10f is more firmly fastened using bolts or the like. be able to.
- FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the rotor 1 for another deformation of the present embodiment.
- the permanent magnet body 14 extends substantially linearly between the positions 10P and 10R, and the turning position 14X exists between the positions 10P and 10R, and halves the permanent magnet body 14 approximately. That is, the turning position 14X is arranged near the rotation axis (not shown).
- There is a magnetic barrier extending from the vicinity of the switching position 14X to the vicinity of the side surface 100. As the magnetic barrier, the permanent magnet body 14, the non-magnetic bodies 121a and 121b at the switching position 14X, and the thin portions on both sides thereof function.
- the main body 10 is roughly divided into main body portions 10a, 10b, 10e, and 10f by the embedding hole 13 and the nonmagnetic bodies 121a and 121b. More specifically, the main body portion 10a is separated from the other main body portion by the embedding hole 13 on the position 10R side and the non-magnetic material 121a, and the main body portion 10b is separated from the embedding hole 13 and the non-magnetic material 121a on the position 10P side.
- the main body part 10e is separated from the other main body part by the embedding hole 13 on the position 10P side and the nonmagnetic body 121b, and the main body part 10f is separated from the other main body part by the embedding hole 13 on the position 10R side. It is separated from the other main body by the non-magnetic body 121b.
- the main body portions 10a, 10b, 10e, and 10f adjacent ones are connected via a thin portion of the main body 10. More specifically, the main body 10a , 10b are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic member 121a and a thin portion between the nonmagnetic member 121a and the embedding hole 13. The main body portions 10b and lOe are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the burial hole 13 at the position 10P. The main body portions 10e and 10f are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the nonmagnetic member 121b and a thin portion between the nonmagnetic member 121b and the burial hole 13. The main body portions 10f and 10a are connected by a thin portion on the side surface 100 side of the burying hole 13 at the position 10R.
- the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet body 14 is substantially orthogonal to both the extending direction of the permanent magnet body 14 and the rotation axis M.
- the permanent magnet body 14 passes near the rotation axis (that is, near the switching position 14X) and extends substantially in the diameter direction of the rotor 1.
- the N-pole surface 14aN and the S-pole surface 14aS appear on the main body portions 10a and 1Of side, respectively.
- the N pole face 14bN and the S pole face 14bS appear on the main body portions 10b and 10e, respectively.
- the turning position 14X is not substantially magnetized.
- the permanent magnet body 14 includes two permanent magnets 14a and 14b as one body, and it can be understood that the permanent magnets 14a and 14b are adjacent to each other at the turning position 14X. In this case, the turning position 14X can be grasped as an adjacent position of an adjacent permanent magnet.
- the body portions 10b and 10f are provided with two through holes 17 that are substantially 180 ° symmetric with respect to the rotation axis M (not shown) at positions avoiding the permanent magnet body 14.
- FIG. 56 is a perspective view illustrating a mode in which the shaft 45 is provided to the rotor 1 having the structure illustrated in FIG. 55.
- the shaft 45 has a bearing holding portion 45s and a pair of rotor penetrating portions 45r.
- the rotor penetrating portion 45r is eccentric with respect to the bearing holding portion 45s. By fitting the rotor penetrating portion 45r into the through hole 17, the rotor 1 can rotate with the bearing holding portion 45s as a rotation axis.
- the number of rotor penetrating portions 45r may be one.
- the mechanical strength of the shaft 45 is sufficient to be processed as a normal crankshaft.
- by providing two rotor penetrating portions 45r at 180-degree symmetrical positions it is possible to improve the rotational balance of the rotor 1 having the shaft 45 as a rotation axis.
- the rotor 1 has a low resistivity because the main body 10 of the rotor 1 is usually formed of a laminated steel plate force, while the shaft 45 also has an integral force of iron. Therefore, it is desirable to adopt a non-magnetic material as the material of the shaft 45 and suppress the generation of eddy current by passing a magnetic flux inside the shaft 45.
- a magnetic material is used as the material of the shaft 45, it is preferable to use a material having a low resistivity and solidified powder insulated from each other.
- the number of pole pairs is an even number such as two (that is, the number of magnetic pole faces is four) as shown in Fig. 55 and Fig. 56, two through holes 17 to fit the rotor penetrating part 45r are symmetrical. Even if it is installed in the position, short circuit of magnetic flux via shaft 45 does not occur!
- the side surface 100 of the main body portion (the main body portions 10b and 10f in FIG. 55 as an example) in which the through hole 17 is provided has a force that generates a magnetic pole surface of the same polarity.
- FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 1 exemplifying such a structure. Compared with the structure shown in FIG. 50, the non-magnetic members 121 and 122 do not need to bypass the shaft 40, and thus have a gentle curve. Present or extend substantially linearly.
- the main body 10b is provided with two through holes 17 that are substantially 180 ° symmetric with respect to the rotation axis M.
- FIG. 58 is a perspective view illustrating a mode in which the rotor penetrating portion 45r fits into the through hole 17 in the same manner as FIG. 56.
- the rotor 1 becomes rotatable about the bearing holding portion 45s as a rotation axis.
- FIG. 59 is a perspective view showing the motor with the stator 2 partially broken.
- the rotor 1 is divided into rotors 1A and IB.
- FIGS. 60 (a) and 60 (b) are cross-sectional views showing the positional relationship between rotor 1A and stator 2 and the positional relationship between rotor 1B and stator 2 respectively.
- Rotors 1A and 1B have the same structure.
- the permanent magnet bodies 14A and 14B correspond to the permanent magnet body 14 in FIG. 44
- the non-magnetic bodies 121aA and 121aB correspond to the non-magnetic body 121a in FIG. 44
- the non-magnetic bodies 121bA and 121bB correspond to the non-magnetic body in FIG.
- the non-magnetic bodies 122aA and 122aB correspond to the non-magnetic bodies 122a in FIG. 44
- the non-magnetic bodies 122bA and 122bB correspond to the non-magnetic bodies 122b in FIG.
- the structure of the stator 2 is not shifted in the circumferential direction about the rotation axis M, the arrangement of the rotors 1A and 1B is shifted from each other by an angle ⁇ in the circumferential direction.
- the position of the permanent magnet body 14A belonging to the rotor 1A and the position of the permanent magnet body 14B belonging to the rotor 1B are shifted by an angle ⁇ in the circumferential direction.
- the positions of the non-magnetic materials 121aA, 121bA, 122aA, 122bA and the positions of the magnetic materials 121aB, 121bB, 122aB, 122bB are shifted in the circumferential direction [this angle ⁇ ].
- FIGS. 60 (a) and (b) a certain reference position on the stator 2 and a center line of the nonmagnetic material 12B are indicated by a dashed line and a two-dot chain line, respectively.
- the center of the nonmagnetic body 12B and the above-described reference position are shifted by an angle ⁇ .
- the flow of the magnetic flux given by the rotor 1A and the rotor 1B differs for the same position of the stator 2. .
- Patent Document 9 discloses that torque pulsation is reduced by dividing a rotor along a rotation axis direction and disposing the rotors in different circumferential directions. .
- torque pulsation can be reduced in the present invention by employing the configuration shown in FIGS. 59 and 60.
- the structure shown in FIGS. 49, 50, 54, and 55 can be adopted. .
- This is a permanent magnet motor including a stator 2 and a rotor 1 opposed to the stator 2 with air gaps Agi and Agm therebetween.
- the rotor has a substantially cylindrical side surface around a rotation axis M.
- a main body 10 having Then, with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis, a position serving as a boundary of the magnetic pole surface (hereinafter referred to as a magnetic pole surface boundary position) is set on the side surface 100. And a magnetic barrier extends between them.
- the first pole face boundary position and the second pole face boundary position are respectively; ⁇ shown as standing 10Q1 and 10Q2, and the magnetic barrier 19 is It extends between them.
- non-magnetic members 124 and 125 are provided between positions 10Q1 and 10Q2.
- the nonmagnetic material 12 is provided between the positions 10Q1 and 10Q2.
- the thin portions 101-104 between both ends and the side surfaces of the nonmagnetic bodies 12, 124, and 125 also function as magnetic barriers.
- the first pole surface boundary position and the second pole surface boundary position are shown as positions 10Q3 and 10Q4, respectively.
- the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b and the permanent magnet 14 at the switching position 14X, and the thin portions between them, and further, the thin portions between the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b and the side surface 100 are between positions 10Q3 and 10Q4. And functions as a magnetic barrier.
- FIG. 44, Fig. 47, Fig. 49, and Fig. 54 the first pole surface boundary position and the second pole surface boundary position are shown as positions 10Q3 and 10Q4, respectively.
- the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b and the permanent magnet 14 at the switching position 14X, and the thin portions between them, and further, the thin portions between the non-magnetic members 121a, 121b and the side surface 100 are between positions 10Q3 and 10Q4. And functions as a magnetic barrier.
- FIG. 44, Fig. 47, Fig. 49, and Fig. 54 the first
- the non-magnetic material 121 extends between the positions 10Q3 and 10Q4, and the non-magnetic material 122 extends between the positions 10Q5 and 10Q6, respectively, and both ends thereof.
- the thin portion of the main body 10 functions as a magnetic barrier.
- the rotor 2 includes a plurality of permanent magnets provided on mutually opposite sides via the above-described magnetic barrier. This permanent magnet has magnetic pole surfaces with different polarities.
- the permanent magnets 11a It is provided on the opposite side.
- the permanent magnet 11a has pole faces l laN and l laS
- the permanent magnet l ib has pole faces l lbN and l lbS.
- the permanent magnets 11a and 11b are provided on the opposite sides of each other with the nonmagnetic material 12 interposed therebetween.
- the permanent magnets 14a and 14b are provided on the opposite sides of each other via a magnetic barrier extending between the positions 10Q3 and 10Q4. ing. Further, permanent magnets 14b and 14c are provided on opposite sides of each other via a magnetic barrier extending between positions 10Q5 and 10Q6.
- the permanent magnet 14a has pole faces 14aN and 14aS
- the permanent magnet 14b has pole faces 14bN and 14bS
- the permanent magnet 14c has pole faces 14cN and 14cS.
- the permanent magnet electric motor according to the present invention can be applied to various ranges. For example, it can be used for compressors and blowers. Therefore, for example, the present invention can be applied to an air conditioner via these compressors and blowers.
- the material of the permanent magnet is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a rare earth magnet of sintered neodymium boron having a large maximum energy product, and anisotropic if necessary.
- a rare earth magnet of sintered neodymium boron having a large maximum energy product, and anisotropic if necessary is preferable because the magnetic flux density further increases.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Brushless Motors (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2006510958A JP4748058B2 (ja) | 2004-03-12 | 2005-03-09 | 永久磁石電動機並びに冷媒圧縮機及び送風機 |
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- 2009-10-26 JP JP2009245309A patent/JP5083292B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
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JP4748058B2 (ja) | 2011-08-17 |
JP2012060882A (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
JP5083291B2 (ja) | 2012-11-28 |
JP2010022194A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
JP2010022193A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
JP2010022195A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
JPWO2005088806A1 (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
JP5083292B2 (ja) | 2012-11-28 |
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