WO2005088017A1 - 繊維補強土工法及び該工法による構築物 - Google Patents
繊維補強土工法及び該工法による構築物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005088017A1 WO2005088017A1 PCT/JP2004/003387 JP2004003387W WO2005088017A1 WO 2005088017 A1 WO2005088017 A1 WO 2005088017A1 JP 2004003387 W JP2004003387 W JP 2004003387W WO 2005088017 A1 WO2005088017 A1 WO 2005088017A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- fiber
- fibers
- reinforced
- reinforced soil
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fiber reinforced soil construction method in which a plurality of wrought fibers and sand or an object similar to sand are sprayed to a construction site to be reinforced, and a construction created by the method.
- slope of slope 31 is steep, as an example, as shown in Fig. 15, a block of stone 49 etc. is piled up on foundation concrete 51. Or illustration is omitted but it is covered with gold and sprayed with mortar.
- a method of spraying and forming a plant growth base 62 having a thickness of about 3 to 10 cm was subsequently performed.
- this method has limitations in terms of strength. For example, rainfall immediately after spraying, snow melting water, etc. caused erosion of the spray material 61 due to runoff collapse and erosion of the greening base material.
- the growth base material 62 for plants with a thickness of 3 to 10 cm is limited to support the growth of plants, and is insufficient for the plants to grow persistently and healthy.
- a pot-shaped greening block 50 created by filling soil etc. in a container with the upper surface opened on the foundation concrete 51 is stepped along the slope. It is known how to plant the plant 52 in the soil exposed slightly on the top surface Although this method can not green the entire slope, it is not desirable in terms of landscape.
- a lath wire mesh 4 7 is stretched in the frame to grow a plant having a thickness of 3 to 10 cm.
- a method of spraying and forming the base material 54 is also known.
- the growth base material 54 for plants having a thickness of 3 to 10 cm is also limited in supporting the growth of plants, and the plants are persistently In addition to being insufficient for healthy growth, it is not possible to green the entire slope because it is greening within the grid frame, which is not preferable in terms of landscape.
- the object of the present invention is that in the fiber reinforced soil construction method, in which reinforced soil is formed by continuously entangled and mixed fibers with sandy soil, plants can be used without using a large amount of bonding material so as to prevent plant growth.
- a fiber reinforced soil processing method capable of maintaining the strength as a reinforcing soil while having a thickness that allows healthy growth, and reducing the cost of creating a fiber reinforced soil by making appropriate use of fibers.
- the present invention is a fiber reinforcement comprising: a sandy soil conveying device for conveying sandy soil; and a fiber feeding device for continuously feeding a plurality of fibers.
- a soil device to make the sandy soil that is fed from the sandy soil transfer device be entangled and mixed with the fibers that are fed out from the fiber feeding device, the sandy soil lm 3 is entwined
- the gist is that the mass of fiber to be mixed is 2.0 to 5 kg.
- sandy soil an object similar to sand or sand, such as mountain sand, river sand, sea sand, masa soil, shirasu soil, crushed sand, etc.
- the mass of fiber to be entangled and mixed shall be 2.0 to 5. O kg, but this is a retaining wall for earth retaining wall, reinforced soil for slope protection, even without adding a bonding material to the extent that the growth of the plant is prevented. It was found from the inventor's experience that the amount is sufficient to exert the necessary shear strength and erosion resistance as a result of which the reinforced soil can be made thick enough to allow plants to grow healthy. Even if it is constructed, it can maintain its strength as a reinforcing soil.
- the mass of fiber to be entangled is 2.0 to 5. O kg for sandy soil lm 3 and a sufficient reinforcing soil strength can be obtained with 3.3 kg, so more fibers are Compared to using it, the cost can be reduced.
- the gist of the present invention according to claim 2 is that the fiber to be entangled and mixed with the sandy soil is an inorganic fiber or an organic fiber.
- the present invention as set forth in claim 2 among the strong and inexpensive synthetic fibers, it is possible to use a chemical fiber or an organic fiber which requires a very low capital investment, for example, polyester or polypropylene as the chemical fiber. Therefore, the cost for fiber can be reduced and the cost of construction can be further reduced.
- polyesters polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET) can be produced by reusing PET bottles, which is preferable from the viewpoint of promoting recycling.
- Polyester has a fiber thickness of 167 ⁇ 6 Tex (150 ⁇ 5 d), tensile strength of 35.3 mN / Tex (4.0 g / d) or more, elongation rate of 40% or less can be obtained, in reinforced soil Sufficient pseudo adhesion can be obtained.
- the gist of the present invention according to claim 3 is that the mass of the jointing material to be added is 5 O kg or less with respect to 1 m 3 of sandy soil in which fibers are entangled and mixed.
- the mass of the bonding material to be added is 5 O kg or less with respect to the sandy soil lm 3 in which the fibers are entangled and mixed.
- the timber does not prevent the growth of plant roots and plants can be grown healthy.
- the bonding material is added to increase the bonding strength between sandy soil particles and between sandy soil and fibers, and to increase the reinforcing effect.
- Types of bonding materials include cement and resin powder. Limestone, etc. can be used, but these are used singly or in combination of two or more types: The total mass in ⁇ should be 5 Okg or less.
- the gist of the present invention according to claim 4 is that the short fibers of 10 cm or less are substantially uniformly mixed into the sandy soil, and the fibers fed out from the fiber feeding device are entangled and mixed to form a reinforced soil. It is
- short fibers such as vinyl fibers and steel fibers mixed in the reinforcing soil do not prevent the growth of plant roots, and entangle with the roots to further strengthen the soil reinforcing effect.
- the continuous fiber and the short fiber the possibility that the short fiber may get caught in the continuous fiber and the reinforcing effect may be enhanced is also expected.
- the construct of the present invention according to claim 5 is a fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
- the gist is that it is constructed by the fiber reinforced soil method, and the ground slope is covered with a thickness of 15 cm or more, and the finish slope of the reinforced soil is gentler than 1: 0.3. .
- the reinforced soil has a thickness of 15 cm or more, and since the finishing slope slope is gentler than 1: 0.3, the plant can be grown healthy.
- the presence of an appropriate amount of fibers can maintain the strength due to the cohesion and reinforce the ground: tli.
- the thickness of the reinforced soil that can be grown continuously differs, and the height of medium height is more than 30 cm for grass and grasses, and more than 45 cm for shrubs and trees. For woody species, it is preferable to create reinforced soil with a standard of 60 cm or more.
- FIG. 1A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one implementation voice of a slope-protected type construction constructed by the fiber reinforced earth construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a partially cut away plan view showing an embodiment of the construction of the slope protection loop constructed by the fiber reinforced soil method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the structure of a retaining wall shape type structure created by the fiber reinforced soil method of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of a fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the ejector.
- FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of one ejector.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the process of creating reinforced soil in the embodiment of the fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a completion state of formation of reinforced soil in the embodiment of the fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a state in which continuous fibers are constructed so as to have a receiving disc shape in one embodiment of the fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention in comparison with a state of being formed in a flow disc shape.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the slope of the ground and the slope of the finished surface in the fiber reinforced soil method of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a completed state of the planting hole in the embodiment of the fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a state of planting seedlings in the embodiment of the fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the thick layer base material is sprayed in the embodiment of the fiber reinforced soil construction method of the present invention.
- Fig. 13 A is a perspective view of the pin.
- Figure 13 B is a cross-sectional plan view of the pin.
- Figure 14 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an example of a structure created by the method of Fig. 14 B is a partially cut away plan view showing an example of the construction constructed by the conventional method.
- FIG. 15 is a longitudinal side view showing another example of the construction constructed by the conventional method.
- Fig. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the construction constructed by the conventional construction method.
- Fig. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the construction constructed by the conventional construction method. .
- Fig. 17B is a partially cut away plan view showing still another example of the construction constructed by the conventional method. Best mode for carrying out the invention
- the back surface drainage is carried out by applying ⁇ to the back surface drainage material 81 by a porous mat with a thickness of about 1 to 3 cm.
- 1 is a fiber feeding device, and the fiber 2 fed from the fiber feeding device 1 is fed from a water tube 3 through a high pressure pump 4 through a high pressure pump 5 using high pressure water It consists of an ejector (7) jetted from a jet nozzle (6), to which a sandy soil feeder (8) is combined.
- sandy soil refers to sand or a substance similar to sand, for example, mountain sand, J11 sand, sea sand, masa soil, soil, borax and the like.
- Feeder 8 of mineral soil is composed of a scale 1 1 having a hopper 10 connected to a Peltocompare 9 a, and a sprayer 1 2 connected to the scale 1 1 via a belt conveyor 9 b.
- a material hose 3 3 is connected to the spray machine 1 2, and the tip thereof is sand or a jet nozzle of an object similar to sand.
- reference numeral 16 denotes a power supply serving as a power source for the measuring instrument 11 and the like
- reference numeral 17 denotes a distribution board
- reference numeral 18 denotes a measuring device for measuring the amount of fibers drawn from the fiber supply device 1.
- the fiber feeder 1 comprises a portable bobbin case 21 having a single guide stage 20 for bundling and feeding the fibers 2 from a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) yarn rods 19.
- the ejector 1 is constituted by a combination of the header 22 and the peristaltic means 23 and the header 12 bows the fiber 2 from the fiber feeding device 1.
- I Four feed fiber guides 24 and four jet nozzles 6 for injecting the fibers 2 together with high pressure water or compressed air.
- the pivoting means 23 pivots the cylinder 2 7 obliquely upward to the other end of the arm 2 9 whose one end is attached to the base 30, and the tip of the piston 2 8 of the cylinder 2 7
- the upper end was pivotally mounted, the lower end of the swing arm 26 was fixed to the pivoting tube 25, and the pivoting tube 25 was coaxially connected to the header 22.
- the rotation pipe 25 is connected to the supply pipe 5 such as high pressure water via a rotation joint.
- 32 is an operation unit.
- each bobbin case 2 1 of the fiber feeding device 1 4 fibers 2 as continuous fibers drawn out from the yarn rod 1 9 are bundled into one, and the discharge port 35 5, guide guide 2 0 Then, the jet nozzle 6 is inserted through the fiber guide 24 of the ejector 7. The amount of fiber 2 supplied is detected by the load cell 34 and measured by the weighing device 18.
- the ejector 1 when high pressure water sent from the water tank 3 through the high pressure pump 4 through the supply pipe 5 is jetted from the jet nozzle 6, the aforementioned term S fiber 2 is also discharged, and the material hose 3 of the spray machine 12 is Direct injection and mixing on the ground with sand or sand-like material spouted onto the slope ground from the jet nozzle at 3 tip.
- the ejector 7 may be one that jets from the jet nozzle 6 using compressed air instead of high pressure water. As shown in FIG. 5, when the cylinder stroke length and arm length of the ejector 1 are changed to make the height lm, the number of oscillations used for the ejector 1 is: oscillation angle 28 degrees, time It was 5 to 6 times for the installation quantity of 3 m 3 and 7 to 10 times for the installation quantity of time 6 m 3 .
- the header 12 is rotated by the reciprocating motion of the piston 28 of the cylinder 27 as described above, whereby the injection nozzle 6 provided on the header 22 moves in a circular arc »
- the jet nozzle 6 swings, the fiber 2 and jet water jet destination automatically reciprocate.
- large-scale machines can be introduced to the construction site, and the construction range is wide:
- the construction with large-scale machines can be performed on ⁇ .
- the fibers to be supplied may be joined to the sand jet nozzle, or sand or sand-like material.
- the fiber jet nozzle may be fixed to the jet nozzle of the above.
- the fiber reinforced soil in which the fibers are jetted with jetted water and mixed with sandy soil, secures the design mixing amount of 3.3 kg / m 3 of continuous fibers.
- the standard of sandy soil used in this way it is possible to use soil such as shirasu of Shirasu plateau and Masa of granite area, and various types of soil can be used.
- the short fibers having a length of 10 cm or less are stirred together with the sandy soil in a stirring device to blow against the sandy soil.
- Short fibers are mixed in advance before the pressure feeding.
- the staple fiber can use various fibers such as natural fiber and synthetic fiber, but vinylon fiber and steel fiber can increase the strength of the fiber reinforced soil, and it is a peat moss that is excellent in water retention and air permeability. Water and oxygen can be supplied to the roots of plants, which are suitable.
- the standards for continuous fibers used may be any of various materials, strengths and thicknesses, and they may be used regardless of the quality of degraded fibers, etc.
- the fiber thickness is 1 6 7 Polyester or polypropylene fibers of T ex (1 50 d) are used.
- fiber reinforced soil is live is 1 0 _ 2 ⁇ 1 0- 3 c mZs and good, sometimes it is difficult to keep the moisture and nutrients to normal, FEK and Hokoe i.e. when subjected to E, water retention It is desirable to bury a material that has both sex and fertility properties near the surface of the reinforced soil.
- a material having such water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining properties for example, an organic block body obtained by compressing an organic fiber is present, and commercially available materials (for example, trade name "Green bullet 4") may be used. It can.
- the standard for the amount of water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining material is about 1 or 2 per 1 m 2 of reinforced soil.
- material with feK property and fertilizer retention property 42 is placed, and water retention is further carried out.
- the water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining material 4 2 and the potting holes 4 3 are arranged at intervals of 2 pieces / m 2 .
- the water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining material 4 2 is formed mainly of an organic base material made of peat moss or park compost.
- the formed blocks are peat moss 3, park compost 5, palmiteu Light 0.5, Zeolite 0.5, Bentonite 0.5, Pearli It shall be compression molded at a rate of 0.5,.
- the overall shape does not matter whether it is a cylindrical rectangular cylinder or the like.
- the size is about a height of 8 (cm), a diameter of 010 to 18 (cm), and a weight of about 400 to 1,300 (g).
- the mixing direction of the continuous fibers from the feeding device 1 into the sand is made to be a receiving plate, and the receiving plate has a slope protection In the case of, a height angle of 7 ° to 20 ° with respect to the horizontal plane X intersecting with the normal plane 31, preferably 15. It was to have the above height angle.
- Fig. 8 (b) is the case where the fiber direction is flow-shaped.
- the ground slope surface is fibered almost uniformly at a thickness of 15 cm or more If it is a steep surface protection type covered with reinforced soil, and it is a little sudden as 0.8> N ⁇ 0.5, it will be a slope surface protection type after using an auxiliary construction method such as concrete beam according to other situations. Or, use a retaining wall type that makes the buttocks thicker. Also in this case, fiber reinforced soil is created with a thickness of 30 cm or more from the viewpoint of strength. Also, as shown in Figure 9, if the slope slope of the ground slope is steep and 0.5> N ⁇ 0.3 (eg 1: 0.
- the slope of the finished surface of the fiber reinforced soil 55 is made to be less than 1: 0.5 by setting it as a retaining wall shape type. Also, depending on the type of plant, the thickness of the reinforced soil that can be sustained can vary, so 30 cm for grass and grasses, 45 cm or more for shrubs and trees, medium height trees In this type, it is preferable to set 60 cm or more as a standard.
- Thick layer transfer-spray is used to spray the vegetation base material to a thickness of 3 to 3: L 0 cm using a pump or mortar gun.
- Vegetation soil is used for artificial soil or organic matter (soil, wood fiber, park compost , Peat moss etc).
- the mulching material 39 is a natural fiber jute cloth material backed with kraft paper, and has a ground temperature stability and ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ resistance comparable to that of a laying straw, eliminating drying and watering, and preventing elevation on the ground. Excellent.
- the mesh member 7 Prior to achieve greening subjected to thick layer 6, laying wire mesh, the mesh member 7 0 synthetic resins made Nedzuto like on the upper surface of the fiber reinforced soil 5 5.
- the mesh 70 is locked at a hook 7 1 a of a head of a pin 7 1 which is inserted into the fiber reinforced soil 5 5.
- the outline of pin 7 la is shown in Fig. 13 A. It is made of synthetic resin and has a pointed end, and the main body is a longitudinal rib 7 that protrudes radially from the center as a cross-section cross-section or a character shape. 1b is provided, and upward ridges 71c are formed at the upper and lower intervals at the side end of the longitudinal rib 7 lb.
- the cross section is shown in Fig. 13 B.
- the pin 70 is light and easy to insert because it has a pointed end, and the main body is provided with a longitudinal rib that protrudes in a square shape from the center, such as a cross-sectional cross section. Therefore, the longitudinal ribs serve as reinforcements, and the upward ridges entangle with the fibers, making them easy to come off.
- a flat portion 7 I d for impact receiving is formed at the top of the pin 7 1 so that it can be driven.
- the pin 71 is disposed, for example, 1 8/1 O m 2 about interval.
- Pin 7 1 is a net 7 0 fiber reinforced soil 5 5 and then inserted into fiber reinforced soil 5 5 Finally, lock the hook 7 1 a net 4 on the head. In this way, continuous fibers of the fiber reinforced soil 5 are entangled in the ridges 7 1 c of the pins 7 1, and it is possible to prevent the pin 7 1 from coming out, and the mesh 70 and the fiber reinforced soil 5 5 The reinforcement by the mesh 70 integrally connected through the pin 8 ensures stability to the surface layer.
- the material 42 having water retention and fertilization ability gradually supplies water and fertilizer to the plants, and the plants can grow well.
- the pot for planting holes 43 is buried so that it is close to the material 42 having water retention and fertility and partially protrudes from the surface of the reinforced soil, and the reinforced soil is created and then planted. Since the plant seedlings 4 4 are planted in the holes 45 formed by removing the potting holes 4 3 for the potting holes, the roots of trees grown with the plants 4 4 and the seedlings 4 4 Adjacent material 4 2 comes close and absorption of moisture and fertilizer becomes good. This is not only for trees but also for grass covering the surface of fiber reinforced soil 55. Water and fertilizer for plants are more effective than materials with high conductivity and fertilization ability that are scattered at predetermined intervals. Supply, and plants can grow healthy.
- the fiber reinforced soil 55 is constructed so as to form a receiving plate having a height angle of 7 ° to 20 ° with respect to the horizontal plane where the fiber intersects the slope, the constructed structure is sufficient. Strength can be obtained.
- the mass of fibers to be entangled and mixed with sandy soil lm 3 is 3.3 kg, and sufficient reinforcing soil strength can be obtained in the range of 2 ⁇ 5 to 5 ⁇ O kg. There is no need to use fibers, and the cost can be reduced compared to using more fibers.
- the fiber since it is possible to use a synthetic fiber or an organic fiber, such as polyester or polymer which can be manufactured at a very low cost of capital among the strong and inexpensive synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene, which has a low production cost.
- the cost of fiber can be reduced and the cost of construction can be further reduced.
- the mass of the bonding material to be added is set to 50 kg or less with respect to 3 m 3 of sandy soil to be entangled and mixed with fibers, when planting is performed on the reinforced soil, elongation of plant roots is caused by the bonding material. Plants can be grown healthy without being disturbed.
- reinforced soil becomes bulky due to the presence of short fibers, and an air layer increases in the reinforced soil, so that it becomes easy to supply oxygen to the roots of plants when planting, and it promotes plant growth. It can.
- the fibers that have been reinforced by the reinforced soil do not interfere with the growth of plant roots and become entangled with the roots. Furthermore, in addition to strengthening the reinforcing effect of the soil, by combining the continuous fiber and the short fiber, the possibility that the short fiber may be entangled in the continuous fiber and the reinforcing effect may be enhanced.
- the reinforced soil of the construction constructed in this way is 15 cm or more thick and the finishing slope slope is gentler than 1: 0.3 which is the growth limit slope of plants, the plants are healthy. It can grow on In addition, the presence of an appropriate amount of fibers can maintain the strength due to the cohesion and reinforce the base of the ground. Industrial availability I 'life
- the bonding material is prevented to an extent that plant growth is impeded. Even if it is not used frequently, it can maintain its strength as a reinforcing soil while having a thickness that allows plants to grow healthy, and the cost of creating a fiber-reinforced soil can be reduced by optimizing the amount of fibers used. .
- the construction created by this method can maintain its strength as a reinforced soil while having a thickness that allows plants to grow healthy.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2004/003387 WO2005088017A1 (ja) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | 繊維補強土工法及び該工法による構築物 |
TW093110977A TW200530466A (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-04-20 | Fiber-reinforced earth work method and construct formed by this method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2004/003387 WO2005088017A1 (ja) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | 繊維補強土工法及び該工法による構築物 |
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WO2005088017A1 true WO2005088017A1 (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
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PCT/JP2004/003387 WO2005088017A1 (ja) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | 繊維補強土工法及び該工法による構築物 |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2003301439A (ja) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-24 | Nittoc Constr Co Ltd | 護岸構造 |
JP3466978B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-16 | 2003-11-17 | ライト工業株式会社 | アンカーピン及び繊維混合層の形成方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-03-15 WO PCT/JP2004/003387 patent/WO2005088017A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-04-20 TW TW093110977A patent/TW200530466A/zh unknown
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JP3466978B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-16 | 2003-11-17 | ライト工業株式会社 | アンカーピン及び繊維混合層の形成方法 |
JP2003301439A (ja) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-24 | Nittoc Constr Co Ltd | 護岸構造 |
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