WO2005075052A1 - フィルタ触媒およびその触媒層の解析方法 - Google Patents
フィルタ触媒およびその触媒層の解析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005075052A1 WO2005075052A1 PCT/JP2005/002530 JP2005002530W WO2005075052A1 WO 2005075052 A1 WO2005075052 A1 WO 2005075052A1 JP 2005002530 W JP2005002530 W JP 2005002530W WO 2005075052 A1 WO2005075052 A1 WO 2005075052A1
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- catalyst layer
- filter
- slurry
- layer
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 350
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 78
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filter catalyst for removing at least particulates from substances contained in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine and purifying the exhaust gas.
- Filter catalyst is used to remove the particulates.
- the filter catalyst is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-9-173866, JP-A-9-1220423, JP-A-9-276708 and JP-A-2002-295228.
- Conventional filter catalysts have a structure in which a support layer made of alumina or the like and a catalyst layer made up of a catalyst metal supported on the support layer are formed on a catalyst support base made of porous ceramics having continuous pores. Have. Then, the filter catalyst captures the particulates when the exhaust gas passes through the vent formed from the continuous pores of the catalyst support substrate. The particulates captured by the catalyst layer are decomposed.
- the filter catalyst is not formed with a vent hole through which the exhaust gas passes, the trapped particulates accumulate and block the vent hole, and the pressure loss increases when the exhaust gas passes. If the opening diameter of the ventilation hole is increased to reduce the pressure loss, it becomes impossible to capture the particulate.
- the catalyst layer formed on the catalyst carrier substrate narrows the opening diameter of the pores of the catalyst carrier substrate so that the vent hole does not have a sufficient opening diameter or the vent hole is open. There is a problem that it does not work (blocks).
- the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst is prepared by preparing a slurry in which particles such as alumina are dispersed, applying the slurry to a catalyst carrier substrate, drying and calcining to form a support layer, and then forming the catalyst metal. It is manufactured by supporting When the slurry is applied to the catalyst carrier substrate, the slurry does not sufficiently penetrate into the pores of the catalyst carrier substrate. It was present near the opening of the pore. Since the catalyst layer is formed by drying and baking in this state, the diameter of the opening of the vent hole is reduced and closed, so that a sufficient vent hole as a filter catalyst cannot be formed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filter catalyst in which blockage of a vent hole by a catalyst layer is suppressed.
- the inventors of the present invention have studied the filter catalyst in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that the ratio of the outer peripheral length of the catalyst layer to the cross-sectional area in the cross section of the filter catalyst having the catalyst layer formed on the catalyst carrier substrate It was found that the above problem could be solved by setting the value to 0.5 or less_1 ⁇ .
- the filter catalyst of the present invention comprises: a catalyst carrier substrate made of a heat-resistant porous body having continuous pores; and a catalyst layer that burns particulates formed on the surface of the catalyst carrier substrate.
- the SEM photograph of the cross section of the filter catalyst is converted into electronic data, and the ratio of the number of pixels forming the outer periphery of the catalyst layer to the number of pixels forming the catalyst layer in the image converted into electronic data is 0.5. It is characterized by the above.
- the image converted into electronic data is preferably an image with a magnification of 1-3 ⁇ umZ pixels.
- the method for analyzing a catalyst layer of a filter catalyst of the present invention comprises burning a catalyst carrier substrate made of a heat-resistant porous body having continuous pores and particulates formed on the surface of the catalyst carrier substrate.
- a method for analyzing a catalyst layer of a filter catalyst comprising analyzing a catalyst layer and a catalyst layer of the filter catalyst, comprising: converting a SEM photograph of a cross section of the filter catalyst into electronic data;
- the special feature is to analyze the coat state from the ratio of the number of pixels forming the outer periphery of the layer to the number of pixels forming the catalyst layer.
- the image converted into electronic data is preferably an image having a magnification of 1 to 3 / mZ pixels.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a filter catalyst having an uneven catalyst layer.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a filter catalyst having an uneven catalyst layer.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the filter catalyst of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a top view showing an end surface of the catalyst carrier substrate.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph of SE 1V of the filter catalyst of Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a processed image obtained by extracting the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of Example 1.
- FIG. 7 is a processed image in which the contour portion of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of Example 1 is extracted.
- FIG. 8 is an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 2.
- FIG. 9 is a processed image obtained by extracting the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a processed image in which the outer peripheral portion of the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the second embodiment is extracted.
- FIG. 11 is an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 3.
- FIG. 12 is a processed image obtained by extracting the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a processed image in which the contour part of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the third embodiment is extracted.
- FIG. 14 is an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 4.
- FIG. 15 is a processed image obtained by extracting the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a processed image in which the outer peripheral portion of the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the fourth embodiment is extracted.
- FIG. 17 is an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of the comparative example.
- FIG. 18 is a processed image obtained by extracting the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the comparative example.
- FIG. 19 is a processed image in which the outer peripheral portion of the catalyst layer of the filter catalyst of the comparative example is extracted. .
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing the measurement results of the pressure loss of the filter catalyst.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the uniformity of the catalyst layer and the pressure loss.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between the average pore diameter of the catalyst layer and the pressure loss.
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing the relationship between the porosity of the catalyst layer and the pressure loss.
- the filter catalyst of the present invention has a catalyst carrier substrate and a catalyst layer.
- the catalyst carrier substrate is made of a heat-resistant porous body having continuous pores. Vent holes through which exhaust gas passes are formed from the continuous pores of the catalyst carrier base.
- the catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the catalyst carrier substrate, captures the particulates, and burns the captured particulates.
- the catalyst layer captures the particulates and burns them, so that the particulates in the exhaust gas can be removed.
- the filter catalyst of the present invention is obtained by taking a SEM photograph of a cross section of the filter catalyst, converting the SEM photograph into electronic data, and processing the image to obtain the number of pixels forming the outer periphery of the catalyst layer and the number of pixels forming the catalyst layer
- the ratio with the number is 0.5 or more. That is, the ratio of the outer peripheral length of the catalyst layer to the cross-sectional area of the catalyst layer in the cross section of the filter catalyst is 0.5 or more.
- the outer periphery of the catalyst layer in the cross section of the filter catalyst includes not only the surface of the catalyst layer but also the interface between the catalyst layer and the catalyst carrier substrate.
- the catalyst layer When the ratio of the outer peripheral length of the catalyst layer to the area of the catalyst layer becomes 0.5 or more, the catalyst layer is uniformly formed on the surface of the catalyst carrier base material, and the catalyst layer becomes uneven in thickness. Disappears.
- the catalyst layer When the ratio of the outer peripheral length of the catalyst layer to the area of the catalyst layer is less than 0.5, the catalyst layer may block the pores of the catalyst carrier substrate, or may form a vent hole having an insufficient opening diameter.
- the catalyst carrier substrate is exposed without forming a catalyst layer, and when used as a filter catalyst, not only the pressure loss increases, but also the contact area with PM decreases and the PM purification performance decreases. I do.
- the ratio of the outer peripheral length to the area becomes larger.
- the figure with the smallest ratio of the outer peripheral length Z area is a circle.
- the ratio of the outer peripheral area of the catalyst layer becomes smaller (the outer peripheral length of the catalyst layer becomes shorter).
- the thickness of the catalyst layer on the surface of the support substrate As the catalyst layer reaches the wall surface of the opposed pores of the catalyst carrier substrate, the catalyst layer comes to close the pores of the catalyst carrier substrate (the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the ratio of the perimeter length Z area of the catalyst layer increases (the perimeter length of the catalyst layer increases)
- the thickness of the catalyst layer on the surface of the catalyst support substrate decreases, and the catalyst support base
- the covering area covering the surface of the material increases.
- the catalyst layer is formed uniformly on the surface of the catalyst support substrate without exposing the surface (FIG. 3). State).
- the length of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer and the area of the catalyst layer in the cross section of the filter catalyst are obtained from the number of pixels in the image obtained by converting the SEM photograph of the cross section of the filter catalyst into electronic data.
- the ratio of the length and area of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer can be obtained.
- the SEM photograph that has been converted into electronic data to be subjected to image processing may be used by a method of capturing the printed SEM photograph with a scanner or by directly converting the photographed data into electronic data.
- Images for which the number of pixels can be counted are images with a magnification of 1 to 3 ⁇ pixels. More preferably, the image is 1.6 to 2 ⁇ m / pixel.
- the filter catalyst of the present invention has a catalyst carrier substrate and a catalyst layer, and the material and production method thereof are not particularly limited as long as the filter catalyst has the above configuration.
- a substrate used as a catalyst carrier substrate in a conventional filter catalyst can be used.
- wall flow DPF diesel particulate filter
- ceramics form filter and metal nonwoven fabric DPF
- the catalyst layer is not particularly limited as long as it can burn the particulates captured by the filter catalyst.
- the catalyst layer preferably comprises a support layer made of a heat-resistant inorganic oxide, and a catalyst metal supported on the support layer.
- a heat-resistant inorganic oxide that forms the supporting layer A 1 2 O 3, S i O 2, T i 0 2, Z r O 2, C e 0 2 transition metal oxides such as, rare earth oxides, Examples include alkali metal oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides, and one or more of these composite oxides.
- examples of the catalyst metal include at least one of precious metals such as Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Ag, and Au.
- the filter catalyst of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, by the following manufacturing method.
- a slurry is prepared from an oxide serving as a raw material for the support layer.
- the oxide constituting the slurry is prepared so that particles having a particle size of ⁇ or less become 70% by weight or more when the total amount of the oxide is 100% by weight.
- This slurry was coated on a catalyst carrier substrate.
- (Apparent) volume of catalyst carrier substrate Amount of coating per liter (in terms of oxide) 1S
- the coating amount of the slurry was determined from the weight before and after the coating.
- the coating of the slurry on the catalyst carrier substrate was performed by applying the slurry to the surface of the catalyst carrier substrate, removing excess slurry, drying the slurry, and firing the slurry.
- the carrier layer was formed by coating the slurry. Subsequently, it was immersed in a catalytic metal aqueous solution and calcined to carry the catalytic metal.
- the filter catalyst of the present invention can be manufactured.
- the method for analyzing a catalyst layer of a filter catalyst comprises: a catalyst support substrate comprising a heat-resistant porous body having continuous pores; and a catalyst for burning particulates formed on the surface of the catalyst support substrate.
- This is a method for analyzing a catalyst layer of a filter catalyst for analyzing a state of a catalyst layer of a filter catalyst having a catalyst layer. Then, the SEM photograph of the cross section of the filter catalyst is converted into electronic data, and the coat state is analyzed from the ratio of the number of pixels forming the outer periphery of the catalyst layer to the number of pixels forming the catalyst layer in the image converted into electronic data. .
- the uniformity of the thickness of the catalyst layer formed on the catalyst carrier substrate in the filter catalyst has a high correlation with the purification performance of the filter catalyst. That is, It is required that the thickness of the catalyst layer be uniform.
- the uniformity of the thickness of the catalyst layer can be defined by the ratio of the outer peripheral length area in the cross section of the catalyst layer.
- the ratio of the area of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer to the area becomes smaller (the outer periphery of the catalyst layer becomes shorter)
- the thickness of the catalyst layer on the surface of the catalyst carrier substrate increases, and the thickness of the catalyst layer becomes uniform. Is reduced.
- the ratio of the area of the outer circumference of the catalyst layer to the outer area becomes larger (the outer circumference of the catalyst layer becomes longer)
- the thickness of the catalyst layer on the surface of the catalyst support substrate becomes thinner, and the catalyst support substrate becomes thinner.
- the coating area covering the surface of the catalyst increases, and the uniformity of the catalyst layer improves.
- the length of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer and the area of the catalyst layer in the cross section of the filter catalyst are obtained from the number of pixels in the image obtained by converting the SEM photograph of the cross section of the filter catalyst into electronic data.
- the ratio of the length and area of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer can be obtained.
- SEM photos that have been converted into electronic data that have undergone image processing may be scanned with a printed SEM photo or directly converted into electronic data.
- Images for which the number of pixels can be counted are images with a magnification of 1-3 ⁇ / pixel. More preferably, the image has 1.6 to 2 mZ pixels.
- a filter catalyst was manufactured.
- Anoremina (A 1 2 ⁇ 3) powder 7 5 0 g, titania (T i O 2) powder 7 5 0 g, water 2 0 0 0 g was weighed, charged mixed powder of both powders in water, The slurry was dispersed by stirring and subjected to wet milling to prepare a slurry. When the total weight of the mixed powder was 100 wt%, 77% of the particles had a particle size of 1 ⁇ or less.
- the catalyst carrier substrate has an approximately columnar apparent shape with 48 cells cm 2 (approximately 300 cells / inch 2 ) having axially extending cells defined by cell walls with a thickness of 300 ⁇ . It is a cordierite catalyst carrier substrate (Denso) with a volume of 2 liters.
- This catalyst carrier substrate 1 One of the two openings formed at both ends of the shell is alternately sealed with a sealing material. In other words, of the large number of cells, about half are open at one end and the other are open at the other end. On the end face of the catalyst carrier substrate, the sealed cells 2 and the open cells 3 are alternately arranged.
- FIG. 4 shows the catalyst carrier substrate.
- the coating of the slurry on the catalyst carrier substrate was performed by immersing the catalyst carrier substrate in the slurry, extracting the slurry, removing excess slurry, drying and firing.
- the excess slurry was removed such that one end was set to the atmospheric pressure and the other end was set to the pressure of (atmospheric pressure-10 KPa) so that the pressure difference between both ends became 1 OKPa.
- the slurry was held for 5 to 30 seconds to suck the slurry, and then the pressure at the other end was returned to the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure was changed for 5 to 30 seconds to repeat the pressure fluctuation.
- This pressure fluctuation was repeated until the slurry applied to the catalyst carrier substrate reached a predetermined weight.
- the pressure fluctuation at the time of manufacturing in the present example was twice because the slurry was sucked from both ends of both ends.
- the firing was performed by heating at 500 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the loading layer was formed with a loading of 150 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- Alumina and titaure were each carried at a loading of 75 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- a Pt nitrate aqueous solution containing Pt was prepared at 1.5 g ZL, and the catalyst support substrate coated with the slurry was immersed, pulled out, and dried and fired. The firing was performed by heating at 500 ° C. for 1 hour. Pt was loaded at a loading of 3 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- a filter catalyst of this example was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the oxide of the slurry was changed to 150 g using titania alone.
- the slurry was coated on the same catalyst support substrate used in Example 1.
- the coating of the slurry onto the catalyst carrier substrate was performed by immersing the catalyst carrier substrate in the slurry, removing the slurry, removing excess slurry, drying and firing. In this example, the slurry was removed by setting one end to atmospheric pressure and the other end to atmospheric pressure.
- titania was loaded at a loading of 150 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- a Pt nitrate aqueous solution containing Pt was prepared at 1.5 g ZL, and the catalyst support substrate coated with the slurry was immersed, pulled out, and dried and fired. The firing was performed by heating at 500 for 1 hour. Pt was loaded at a loading of 3 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- a filter catalyst of this example was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the slurry was changed to 1500 g only with alumina.
- alumina powder 1500 g of alumina powder and 20000 g of water were weighed, and the alumina powder was put into water, stirred and dispersed, and subjected to wet milling to prepare a slurry.
- the slurry was coated on the same catalyst support substrate used in Example 1.
- the coating of the slurry onto the catalyst carrier substrate was performed by immersing the catalyst carrier substrate in the slurry, extracting the slurry, removing excess slurry, drying and firing. In this embodiment, the slurry was removed by setting one end to atmospheric pressure and the other end to atmospheric pressure.
- the slurry was coated on the same catalyst support substrate used in Example 1.
- the coating of the slurry onto the catalyst carrier substrate was performed by immersing the catalyst carrier substrate in the slurry, extracting the slurry, removing excess slurry, drying and firing.
- the slurry was removed under the condition that one end was set to the atmospheric pressure and the other end was set to the pressure of (atmospheric pressure-1 OKP a) so that the pressure difference between both ends became 1 OKP a.
- the slurry was sucked by holding for 5 to 30 seconds, and then the pressure at the other end was returned to the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure was changed by holding for 5 to 30 seconds. This pressure fluctuation was repeated until the slurry applied to the catalyst carrier substrate reached a predetermined weight. At the time of manufacture of this embodiment, pressure fluctuation was twice as in the case of Embodiment 1. there were.
- the firing was performed by heating at 500 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the oxide was loaded at a loading of 200 g per liter of the apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- alumina and titania were supported at a supporting amount of 100 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support base material, respectively.
- a Pt nitrate aqueous solution containing Pt was prepared at 1.5 g ZL, and the catalyst support substrate coated with the slurry was immersed, pulled out, and dried and fired. The firing was performed by heating at 500 ° C. for 1 hour. Pt was loaded at a loading of 3 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- Alumina powder 750 g, titaure powder 750 g, and water 2000 g were weighed, and a mixed powder composed of both powders was poured into water, stirred and dispersed, and subjected to wet milling to obtain a slurry.
- a mixed powder composed of both powders was poured into water, stirred and dispersed, and subjected to wet milling to obtain a slurry.
- the total weight of the mixed powder was set at 100 wt%, 77% of the particles had a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the slurry was coated on the same catalyst support substrate used in Example 1.
- the coating of the slurry on the catalyst carrier substrate was carried out by immersing the catalyst carrier substrate in the slurry, extracting the slurry, blowing off excess slurry, drying and firing. In this example, the slurry was blown off in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the firing was performed by heating at 500 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the oxide was loaded at a loading of 200 g per liter of the apparent volume of the catalyst support substrate.
- alumina and titania were supported at a supporting amount of 100 g per liter of apparent volume of the catalyst support base material, respectively.
- a Pt nitrate aqueous solution containing Pt was prepared at 1.5 g_L, and the catalyst support substrate on which the slurry was coated was immersed, pulled out, and then dried and fired. The firing was performed by heating at 500 ° C. for 1 hour. Apparent volume of catalyst support substrate 1 lit Pt was loaded at a loading of 3 g per unit.
- the filter catalyst of the comparative example was manufactured.
- the amount of particles having a particle size of 1 m or less among the powder particles used for manufacturing the catalyst layer was reduced.
- the filter catalysts of the example and the comparative example were cut in the axial direction, and SEM photographs (100 times) of the cross section of the cell wall were taken. In this SEM photograph, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is enlarged to 1 cm.
- the SEM photograph was converted into electronic data using a scanner.
- the scanner (Epson, product name: ES-9000H) was operated at a resolution of 55 pixels per cm (1.8 Aim / pixel) to convert it into electronic data.
- Image processing was performed on the SEM photographs that were converted into electronic data to extract the catalyst layer. Extraction of the catalyst layer was performed by binarization based on luminance. Then, the area of the catalyst layer was measured by the number of pixels (the number of pixels constituting the catalyst layer was counted).
- FIG. 5 shows an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 1 in the form of electronic data
- Fig. 6 shows a processed image in which the catalyst layer was extracted
- Fig. 7 shows a processed image in which the outer peripheral portion of the catalyst layer was extracted.
- Fig. 8 shows an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 2 in the form of electronic data
- Fig. 9 shows a processed image from which the catalyst layer was extracted
- Fig. 10 shows a processed image from which the outer contour of the catalyst layer was extracted.
- Fig. 11 shows an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 3 in the form of electronic data
- Fig. 12 shows a processed image from which the catalyst layer was extracted
- Fig. 13 shows a processed image from which the contour of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer was extracted.
- FIG. 14 shows an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of Example 4 in the form of electronic data
- FIG. 15 shows a processed image obtained by extracting the catalyst layer
- FIG. 16 shows a processed image obtained by extracting the outer peripheral portion of the catalyst layer.
- Fig. 17 shows an SEM photograph of the filter catalyst of the comparative example converted to electronic data
- Fig. 18 shows a processed image of the extracted catalyst layer
- Fig. 1 shows a processed image of the outer contour of the catalyst layer extracted.
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of the area of the catalyst layer and the number of pixels on the outer periphery. Table 1 shows the value of (the number of pixels of the catalyst layer) / (the number of pixels of the outer peripheral portion) as the uniformity of the catalyst layer.
- the average pore size and porosity of the filter catalysts of the examples and comparative examples were measured, and are shown in Table 1.
- the average pore diameter and porosity were measured using a mercury porosimeter (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, trade name: Autopore 920).
- the operation of the mercury porosimeter in the measurement of the pore structure was performed by increasing the mercury injection pressure between 0 and 200 MPa.
- Table 1 shows that the filter catalysts of the examples have a value indicating the uniformity of 0.5 or more, but the filter catalysts of the comparative examples have a low value of 0.448. It can also be seen that this uniformity does not depend on the average pore size / porosity of the filter catalyst.
- a filter catalyst (measured for pressure loss) was installed in the exhaust system of a vehicle with a 2-liter supercharged direct-injection diesel engine.
- pressure sensors were attached before and after the filter catalyst in the exhaust system.
- steady operation was performed at a rotation speed of 180 rpm.
- the pressure loss was measured from the measured value of the pressure sensor when about 1 g of particulates was deposited on the filter catalyst, and the measurement results are shown in FIG.
- the difference between the measured values of the two pressure sensors was defined as the pressure loss.
- the accumulation of particulates was determined by checking the weight increase every 30 minutes during the operation time of the engine, According to FIG. 20, the filter catalyst of each example has a lower pressure loss than the filter catalyst of the comparative example. This indicates that the high uniformity of the catalyst layer makes it difficult for pressure loss to occur when the filter catalyst is used.
- the rise in pressure loss is suppressed to a low level even if particulates accumulate. That is, it is a filter catalyst with a small load on the engine.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05710376A EP1666117B1 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2005-02-10 | Method of analyzing a catalytic layer |
US10/568,429 US8465703B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2005-02-10 | Filter catalyst and method of analyzing a catalytic layer thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004033918A JP4526276B2 (ja) | 2004-02-10 | 2004-02-10 | フィルタ触媒およびその触媒層の解析方法 |
JP2004-033918 | 2004-02-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005075052A1 true WO2005075052A1 (ja) | 2005-08-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2005/002530 WO2005075052A1 (ja) | 2004-02-10 | 2005-02-10 | フィルタ触媒およびその触媒層の解析方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8465703B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1666117B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4526276B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005075052A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
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JP5273446B2 (ja) | 2008-05-12 | 2013-08-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 |
JP5146752B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-10 | 2013-02-20 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法 |
KR101326924B1 (ko) | 2011-09-21 | 2013-11-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 촉매 코팅액 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 촉매체 제조방법 및 촉매체 |
WO2017163984A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化装置 |
Citations (4)
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JP2003040687A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-02-13 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | ハニカムセラミックス構造体とその製造方法 |
JP2003120256A (ja) * | 2001-08-06 | 2003-04-23 | Denso Corp | 排ガス浄化フィルタ |
JP2003236322A (ja) * | 2001-12-03 | 2003-08-26 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | セラミックハニカムフィルタ |
JP2004105792A (ja) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-04-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排ガス浄化フィルタ触媒及びその製造方法 |
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US3959520A (en) * | 1974-10-21 | 1976-05-25 | Universal Oil Products Company | Continuous system for providing a catalytic coating on support members |
JP3281087B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-10 | 2002-05-13 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
JPH09173866A (ja) | 1995-12-28 | 1997-07-08 | Nippon Soken Inc | ディーゼル排ガス浄化フィルタ |
JP3560408B2 (ja) | 1996-02-15 | 2004-09-02 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | ディーゼル排ガス浄化フィルタおよびその製造方法 |
JP3874443B2 (ja) | 1996-04-12 | 2007-01-31 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | パティキュレート捕集用フィルタ |
JP2002295228A (ja) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-09 | Ibiden Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化フィルタ |
JP4174976B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-01 | 2008-11-05 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置及びその製造方法 |
JP3791901B2 (ja) | 2001-07-16 | 2006-06-28 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 光触媒保持体およびその製造方法 |
DE60218538T2 (de) | 2001-12-03 | 2007-11-08 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Keramischer Wabenfilter |
JP3879522B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-28 | 2007-02-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置、および、該排気浄化装置のパティキュレートフィルタに触媒を担持させる触媒担持方法 |
JP2003227329A (ja) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | パティキュレート浄化装置 |
JP3879988B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-08 | 2007-02-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒とその製造方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-02-10 JP JP2004033918A patent/JP4526276B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-02-10 EP EP05710376A patent/EP1666117B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-02-10 US US10/568,429 patent/US8465703B2/en active Active
- 2005-02-10 WO PCT/JP2005/002530 patent/WO2005075052A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2003040687A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-02-13 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | ハニカムセラミックス構造体とその製造方法 |
JP2003120256A (ja) * | 2001-08-06 | 2003-04-23 | Denso Corp | 排ガス浄化フィルタ |
JP2003236322A (ja) * | 2001-12-03 | 2003-08-26 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | セラミックハニカムフィルタ |
JP2004105792A (ja) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-04-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排ガス浄化フィルタ触媒及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070003456A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
EP1666117B1 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
JP2005224666A (ja) | 2005-08-25 |
EP1666117A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP1666117A4 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
JP4526276B2 (ja) | 2010-08-18 |
US8465703B2 (en) | 2013-06-18 |
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