WO2005068073A1 - Metallhaltiger, wasserstoffspeichernder werkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Metallhaltiger, wasserstoffspeichernder werkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005068073A1 WO2005068073A1 PCT/DE2004/002679 DE2004002679W WO2005068073A1 WO 2005068073 A1 WO2005068073 A1 WO 2005068073A1 DE 2004002679 W DE2004002679 W DE 2004002679W WO 2005068073 A1 WO2005068073 A1 WO 2005068073A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- containing material
- catalyst
- grinding process
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0201—Oxygen-containing compounds
- B01J31/0211—Oxygen-containing compounds with a metal-oxygen link
- B01J31/0212—Alkoxylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0078—Composite solid storage mediums, i.e. coherent or loose mixtures of different solid constituents, chemically or structurally heterogeneous solid masses, coated solids or solids having a chemically modified surface region
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material which contains a catalyst for its hydrogenation or dehydrogenation, and a method for producing a metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material.
- a metal-containing material and a method of this type are known (DE-A-199 13 714).
- the storage of hydrogen by means of metal hydrides has been described in the above document. It is known that hydrogen itself is an ideal carrier of energy, since only water is formed when it is converted back into energy. Hydrogen itself can be produced from water using electrical energy.
- This kind of ideal hydrogen energy carrier makes it possible to use electrical energy to selected places where it is produced to hydrogenate a hydrogen storage, i.e. to charge it, to transport it to other places and to dehydrate it, i.e. to discharge it where there is an energy requirement, and to use the released energy for the desired purpose, whereby water is created again during the reconversion.
- a hydrogen storage i.e. to charge it
- dehydrate it i.e. to discharge it where there is an energy requirement
- the generic metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material which contains a catalysing agent in the form of a metal oxide, is still not sufficient with regard to the desired or necessary reaction rate for hydrogenation and dehydration. Ren, especially since catalysts based on nitrides, oxides and carbides reduce their weight-related storage capacity of the hydrogen-storing material due to their sometimes high densities.
- a metal-containing material such as
- the catalyst comprises at least one organic compound.
- the advantage of the organic compounds selected according to the invention as a catalytic agent is that they can be provided much more cost-effectively than metals as a catalytic agent, and it has been shown that this significantly increases the reaction kinetics of the metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material and effectively increases the catalytic effect of the organic compound even in very small amounts with respect to the actual metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material is sufficient to achieve the desired, very high reaction kinetics.
- the organic compound is a liquid organic compound, which ensures that a very good distribution of the liquid organic compound with the actual metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material is achieved, so that the manufacturing process of the metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material is timed can be significantly reduced.
- the metal-containing material According to a further advantageous embodiment of the metal-containing material.,
- an organic compound as a metal catalysing organic see to choose compound may include the compound wherein a metal atom or a plurality of metal atoms.
- metal in the sense of the type of hydrogen-storing material according to the invention should also conceptually include metal alloys, intermetallic phases, metal composite materials and corresponding hydrides.
- the metal-containing material and / or the catalytic agent a nanocrystalline structure, with which the reaction rate of the hydrogenation or dehydrogenation of the metal-containing hydrogen-storing material can be increased again.
- the content of the organic compound can range of 0.005 mol% and 50 mol%, preferably between 0.005 mol% and 20 mol%. It has been shown that in the case of an organic compound in the form of tetraisopropyl orthotitanate C 2 H 28 0 4 Ti the content is advantageously, for example, in the range of 2 mol%, with an extraordinarily good reaction kinetics having been achieved at this metal 1 organic compound content is.
- the catalyst can additionally comprise a metal carbonate which also acts as the catalyst.
- metal 1 carbonate as an additional catalyst
- organic or metal 1 organic compound in addition to the organic or metal 1 organic compound, to see a compound of a metal with an element of VI. and / or the VII.
- Main Group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and applications are also conceivable that in addition to the organic or organometallic compound both a metal 1 carbonate and a compound of a metal with an element of VI. and / or the VII.
- main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements is used as a catalyst. Also for the connections of metals with elements of VI. and / or VII.
- Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements applies that they are brittle, whereby a small particle size can be realized and an even more homogeneous connection can be achieved in the material according to the invention, which leads to an increase in the reaction kinetics, for example compared to the use of metallic catalytic agents ,
- metal-containing material different connections of a metal with an element of VI. and / or VII. Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements or Metal 1 hydroxides in the same metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material as an additional catalyst to the 'organic or metal-organic compound used, whereby a further improvement in the reaction kinetics is achieved with certain quantitative and qualitative selectable mixtures ,
- the metal-containing material is preferably selected for certain applications in such a way that the metal combines a metal with an element of VI. and / or VII.
- Main group of the Periodic Table of the Ele- mente. is an elemental metal or the metal 1 hydroxide is a hydroxide of an elemental metal.
- the elements of VI. and / or VII Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements Mixed elements of VI. and / or VII.
- Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, whereby preferably the metal 1 hydroxi d can also be a hydroxide of a hydroxide mixture.
- Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements or the metal 1 hydroxide to be chosen such that the metals or metal mixtures of the compound of a metal with an element of VI. and / or VII.
- Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements or the metal hydroxides is that of the rare earths.
- the catalyst is mixed with different compounds of the same metal with an element of VI. and / or VII.
- connection of a metal with an element of VI. and / or VII Main group of the periodic table of the elements in situ on activated surfaces of the hydrogen-storing material by contact with an element of VI. and / or VII. Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements is formed, the metal hydroxide preferably also being formed in situ on activated surfaces of the hydrogen-storing material by contact with oxygen and / or hydrogen from the hydrogen-storing material.
- the surfaces of the hydrogen-storing material can advantageously be activated chemically and / or mechanically.
- Task which also applies to the manufacturing process, is characterized in that the metal-containing material and / or the catalytic agent is or are subjected to a mechanical grinding process.
- a powder is advantageously obtained from the metal-containing material and / or the catalytic agent, so that an optimized reaction surface and a very advantageous defect structure result in the total volume of the hydrogen-storing material and a uniform distribution of the catalytic agent is possible therein.
- An advantageous embodiment of the method results from the fact that the grinding process is carried out at different times depending on the metal-containing material and / or the catalyst, so that, depending on the length of time, the desired optimal surface of the hydrogen-storing material and the desired optimal distribution of the catalyst can be achieved in this.
- the grinding of the catalytic agent and the grinding of the metal-containing material can be of different lengths and is chosen such that the degree of powdering of the metal-containing material is optimally adapted to the desired degree of powdering of the catalyst.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the method is possible that the metal-containing material is first subjected to the grinding process and then, after the addition of the catalysing agent, the grinding process with respect to the metal-containing material and the catalyst is continued, but it is also advantageously possible that the Catalyst is subjected to the grinding process and subsequently, after adding the metal-containing material, the grinding process with respect to the catalyst and the metal-containing material is continued.
- the metal-containing material and the catalyst are advantageously ground together (from the beginning) until the predetermined degree of pulverization is reached.
- the duration of the grinding process which in turn is selected as a function of the hydrogen-storing metal and as a function of the chosen catalyst As tests have shown, it can be in the lower range, ie already in the range of a few minutes, in order to achieve optimal reaction kinetics for a specific selection of the hydrogen-storing material and the catalyst.
- the duration of the milling process is therefore preferably in the range from at least 1 minute to a duration of 200 hours.
- reaction kinetics are possible even after 20 hours of grinding certain catalyst agents according to the invention.
- the grinding process is advantageously carried out under an inert gas atmosphere, the inert gas preferably being argon, but also can in principle be nitrogen.
- the method can in principle also be carried out under an atmosphere of ambient air, hydrogen or in a vacuum, depending on the selected type of the metal on which the metal-containing material is based (in the sense of the above definition) and depending on the selected one Catalysts s.
- Main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements or the metal 1 hydroxide can also be prepared in situ by grinding with organic solvents.
- the catalyst is in the form of a liquid organic compound, no grinding is required to achieve a homogeneous distribution, so that the grinding time as a whole can be significantly reduced.
- Fig. 1 shows a course of the hydrogen absorption and desorption kineti k of magnesium with 2 mol% tetraisopropyl orthotitanate with a grinding time of 1 min. At a temperature of 300 ° C and
- the metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material is used as a hydrogen storage that can be charged and discharged.
- the chemical-physical process of storing hydrogen is the hydrogenation of the material and the discharge is the dehydration.
- an organic or a metal-organic compound is used as the catalyst.
- the metal-containing hydrogen-storing material is provided in powder form in order to have an extremely large reaction surface available.
- the content of the catalyst can be, for example, 0.005 mol% to 20 mol%, preferably up to 50 mol%.
- the catalyst and / or the metal-containing material is or are subjected to a mechanical grinding process.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that with the aid of the catalyst according to the invention in the form of a metal 1 organic compound, in the present case the composition tetraisopropyl orthotitanate C 2 H 28 0 4 Ti, a still very much Faster hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics is achieved than with the best oxidic catalysts used to date, as described, for example, in DE-A-199 13 714, which goes back to the same applicant.
- the said metal oxide catalysers are used there.
- the catalyst according to the invention based on metal 1 organic compounds to carry out the hydrogenation of the metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material at temperatures which are considerably lower than in comparison to non-catalyzed reactions.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006548092A JP2007517755A (ja) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-07 | 金属含有水素貯蔵材料およびその製造方法 |
CA002551754A CA2551754A1 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-07 | Metal-containing, hydrogen-storing material and method for the production thereof |
EP04802887A EP1704112A1 (de) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-07 | Metallhaltiger, wasserstoffspeichernder werkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
US10/584,479 US20070258848A1 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-07 | Metal-Containing, Hydrogen-Storing Material and Method for Its Manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004002120A DE102004002120A1 (de) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-01-14 | Metallhaltiger, wasserstoffspeichernder Werkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102004002120.1 | 2004-01-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005068073A1 true WO2005068073A1 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
WO2005068073A8 WO2005068073A8 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
Family
ID=34778063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2004/002679 WO2005068073A1 (de) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-07 | Metallhaltiger, wasserstoffspeichernder werkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070258848A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1704112A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007517755A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2551754A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004002120A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005068073A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010142804A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Gkss Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | 水素吸蔵材料を活性化または再生する方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000007930A1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-02-17 | University Of Hawaii | Novel hydrogen storage materials and method of making by dry homogenation |
US20030053948A1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2003-03-20 | Borislav Bogdanovic | Method for reversibly storing hydrogen on the basis of alkali metals and alumium |
US6572836B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-06-03 | Hydro-Quebec | Method for producing gaseous hydrogen by chemical reaction of metals or metal hydrides subjected to intense mechanical deformations |
WO2003053848A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Reversible speicherung von wasserstoff mit hilfe von dotierten alkalimetallaluminiumhydriden |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CS148290B1 (de) * | 1967-03-29 | 1973-02-22 | ||
US3617218A (en) * | 1968-11-13 | 1971-11-02 | Us Health Education & Welfare | Catalytic synthesis of metallic hydrides |
US4010248A (en) * | 1974-10-04 | 1977-03-01 | Ethyl Corporation | Process for producing trialkali metal aluminum hexahydride |
US4327071A (en) * | 1981-05-07 | 1982-04-27 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Method of preparing potassium hydride |
ATE77602T1 (de) * | 1982-12-22 | 1992-07-15 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Verfahren zur herstellung aktiver magnesiumhydrid-magnesium-wasserstoffspeichersy teme. |
DE3535378A1 (de) * | 1985-10-03 | 1987-04-16 | Max Planck Gesellschaft | Pulverfoermiger wasserstoff-speicherwerkstoff und seine herstellung |
JPH0713274B2 (ja) * | 1986-05-31 | 1995-02-15 | 株式会社鈴木商館 | 水素の可逆的吸蔵・放出材料 |
DE19526434A1 (de) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-01-23 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Verfahren zur reversilben Speicherung von Wasserstoff |
US5906792A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 1999-05-25 | Hydro-Quebec And Mcgill University | Nanocrystalline composite for hydrogen storage |
US5865874A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-02-02 | Duracell Inc. | Hydrogen storage alloy |
US6471935B2 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2002-10-29 | University Of Hawaii | Hydrogen storage materials and method of making by dry homogenation |
DE19915142B4 (de) * | 1999-03-26 | 2006-05-04 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Metallhaltiger Elektrodenwerkstoff für Primär- und Sekundärelemente |
EP1169263B1 (de) * | 1999-03-26 | 2005-11-23 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Metallhaltiger wasserstoffspeicherwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
US6680042B1 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2004-01-20 | Hydro-Quebec | Method of rapidly carrying out a hydrogenation of a hydrogen storage material |
SG117426A1 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2005-12-29 | Univ Singapore | Method for alkali hydride formation and materials for hydrogen storage |
-
2004
- 2004-01-14 DE DE102004002120A patent/DE102004002120A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-12-07 US US10/584,479 patent/US20070258848A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-07 JP JP2006548092A patent/JP2007517755A/ja active Pending
- 2004-12-07 EP EP04802887A patent/EP1704112A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-12-07 CA CA002551754A patent/CA2551754A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-07 WO PCT/DE2004/002679 patent/WO2005068073A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000007930A1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-02-17 | University Of Hawaii | Novel hydrogen storage materials and method of making by dry homogenation |
US20030053948A1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2003-03-20 | Borislav Bogdanovic | Method for reversibly storing hydrogen on the basis of alkali metals and alumium |
US6572836B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-06-03 | Hydro-Quebec | Method for producing gaseous hydrogen by chemical reaction of metals or metal hydrides subjected to intense mechanical deformations |
WO2003053848A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Reversible speicherung von wasserstoff mit hilfe von dotierten alkalimetallaluminiumhydriden |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
IMAMURA, HAYAO ET AL: "Carbon nanocomposites synthesized by high-energy mechanical milling of graphite and magnesium for hydrogen storage", ACTA MATERIALIA ( 2003 ), 51(20), 6407-6414 CODEN: ACMAFD; ISSN: 1359-6454, 2003, XP002319010 * |
IMAMURA, HAYAO ET AL: "Hydriding-dehydriding behavior of magnesium composites obtained by mechanical grinding with graphite carbon", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY ( 2000 ), 25(9), 837-843 CODEN: IJHEDX; ISSN: 0360-3199, 2000, XP002319009 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010142804A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Gkss Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | 水素吸蔵材料を活性化または再生する方法 |
US8815207B2 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2014-08-26 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Method of activating or regenerating a hydrogen storage material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070258848A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
JP2007517755A (ja) | 2007-07-05 |
CA2551754A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
DE102004002120A1 (de) | 2005-08-18 |
WO2005068073A8 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1704112A1 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
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