Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
  • F16G5/00—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section
  • F16G5/16—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section consisting of several parts
  • F16G5/163—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section consisting of several parts with means allowing lubrication
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B5/00—Extending closed shapes of metal bands by rolling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
  • B21D53/14—Making other particular articles belts, e.g. machine-gun belts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
  • F16G5/00—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section
  • F16G5/16—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section consisting of several parts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
  • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
  • B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
  • B21B13/14—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load; Back-up rolls
  • B21B13/147—Cluster mills, e.g. Sendzimir mills, Rohn mills, i.e. each work roll being supported by two rolls only arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through the working rolls
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B2267/00—Roll parameters
  • B21B2267/02—Roll dimensions
  • B21B2267/06—Roll diameter
  • B21B2267/065—Top and bottom roll have different diameters; Asymmetrical rolling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
  • B21B27/005—Rolls with a roughened or textured surface; Methods for making same

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for forming an endless metal belt provided with a surface profile as defined in the preamble of Claim 1.
• the invention also relates to a device which can be used to carry out this method, to the belt which is thereby formed and to a push belt provided with a belt of this type.
• the belt In the generally known push belt, which is used, for example, in a continuously variable transmission for motor vehicles, the belt is used as a component of a tensioning element which comprises a number of belts of this type stacked in the radial direction.
• a push belt and transmission of this type are generally known, for example from EP-A-0 014014, and are used in particular in passenger cars.
• the belts are produced by rolling up a piece of sheet to form a pipe and welding it closed at the joint, and then cutting off a ring. Then, the ring is rolled to a relatively low thickness, which is desirable in order to make the belt flexible. Then, the belt is accurately given the desired circumferential dimension and then finally goes through a number of heat treatments.
• at least one of the main sides of the belt i.e. the radially inwardly facing surface, i.e. the inner side, and/or the radially outwardly facing surface, i.e.
• the outer side is provided with a surface profile for supplying and transferring lubricant in the contact between two belts when the push belt is operating, the shape of the profiling having a considerable influence on the friction conditions in the said contact.
• the known profile comprises elevated ribs which are arranged crosswise and at an angle to the circumferential direction of the belt on the relevant side thereof.
• the profile is applied by rolling a profiling roll provided with the reverse (negative) profile of recessed grooves along the circumference of the belt over a main side thereof, with a compressive force being exerted. It is an object of the invention to simplify the production process of the belts. In particular, it is an object of the invention to carry out two process steps on a single device, preferably also simultaneously.
• this object is achieved by designing at least one of the rolling rolls which are used for the abovementioned operation of rolling a ring to form the belt as the said profiling roll, as described in the characterizing clause of Claim 1.
• the rolling rolls which is designed as a profiling roll, presses a surface profile into the outer or inner side of the belt.
• the profile of the profiling roll will not be able to act on the belt at precisely the same location and in precisely the same way each time, for example on account of the continuous lengthening and widening of the belt during the rolling process.
• part of a rib which is created on the surface of the belt by a groove in the profiling roll during a first of the said revolutions comes into contact with a flat part of the profiling roll during a subsequent revolution, so that the rib which has already been formed is removed or at least lowered again.
• another part of the said rib may again come into contact with a groove in the profiling roll, so that this part can be made higher.
• the surface profile of the belt which ultimately results is defined by a pattern of overlapping rib segments of different heights with respect to the other surface regions of the belt, which together define the end result. Therefore, the method according to the invention results in a surface profile in which the ribs do not form a regular or continuous pattern, but rather form an irregular pattern of relatively small, overlapping rib segments which, moreover, have a height which varies greatly. Although the latter property of the surface profile is not per se undesirable, the functioning of the belt in the push belt can generally be improved if the height dimension of the profile is more constant or at least more reproducible, i.e. is in a direct and fixed relationship to the profile of the profiling roll. According to the invention, this objective can be realized by using the method according to Claim 2.
• the profiling roll itself is now provided with an irregular pattern of groove segments
• long-term interference between the surface profile of the belt and that of the profiling roll between the successive revolutions of the belt is avoided.
• the resulting surface profile of the belt has a height which advantageously does not vary much and, moreover, corresponds very closely to that of the profiling roll.
• the latter method according to the invention still produces an irregular pattern of rib segments as the surface profile.
• the surface profile is provided with a constant and well-defined appearance, i.e. a regular pattern.
• FIG. 1 shows an overview of the rolling process according to the invention, providing a diagrammatic insight into the associated rolling device.
• Figure 2 shows a perspective view of and cross section through the rolled belt provided with a surface profile.
• Figure 3 shows an example of a profiling roll which can be used in the method according to the invention.
• Figure 4 shows another example of a profiling roll for the method according to the invention.
• Figure 5 shows a graph illustrating the rolling phases in accordance with one of the methods according to the invention, showing the rotational speed used and the rolling force.
• Figure 1 shows a rolling device which is depicted diagrammatically in such a manner as to illustrate the rolling process used.
• the device comprises three rolling- device parts or modules. In this respect, the figure shows, from the right to the left, a first measurement module 1 , a rolling module 2 and a second measurement module 3.
• the rolling device and the rolling process are controlled by an electronic control unit, which is not shown in more detail in the figure.
• the belt 10 is in its starting state, i.e.
• the measurement modules 1 and 3 comprise measurement rolls 4, 5, around which the rolled or unrolled belt 10 can be fitted, in such a manner that it is possible to measure the thickness D of belt 10. It is preferable for at least one of the rolls 4 or 5 to be driveable, so that the thickness measurement can be carried out at a number of positions over the circumference of the belt 10 and a mean value of this thickness can be determined.
• the said driveable roll 4 or 5 may preferably be moved away from the respective other roll 5 or 4, so as to subject the belt to a tensile stress, which is of benefit to the accuracy and in particular reproducibility of the thickness measurement.
• the thickness measurement can be carried out using a displacement sensor DS accommodated between the measurement rolls 4, 5.
• the thickness or mean thickness is according to the invention a defining measure of the volume of material of the belt 10 which is to be rolled and therefore of the process settings for the rolling process. The said measure of the material volume can be determined more accurately if the length and possibly also the width of the belt to be rolled are also determined.
• the rolling module 2 comprises two rotatable supporting rolls 6, 7, of which a first roll 7 is positioned centrally in the rolling module 2 and of which a second roll 6 is positioned displaceably in the rolling module 2, such that it can apply a tensile force Fm, FI, and the belt 10 which is to be rolled can be fitted around these supporting rolls.
• the rolling module 2 comprises first activation means 21, which in this exemplary embodiment comprise a motor M and a threaded spindle S and which can displace a roll holder 8, on which the second supporting roll 6 is rotatably mounted, with respect to the first supporting roll 7.
• the figure also shows a displacement sensor LS, which can be used, via a reference part 9 of the roll holder 8, to determine the displacement thereof and can also be used to determine the length L of the rolled belt 10.
• the force pick-up or load cell LC which is likewise shown, can be used to measure the tensile force which is actually exerted.
• the belt length L obtained can be accurately determined with the aid of the displacement sensor LS from the measured distance between the supporting rolls 6, 7 and their diameters, by allowing it to rotate around the supporting rolls 6 and 7 without a rolling force Fu or pushing force Fu being exerted between the rolling roll 11 and the first supporting roll 7.
• the measured belt length L can advantageously be used to optimize the rolling process settings by feedback, but may also be used as a control parameter for subsequent process steps to be carried out on the rolled belt 10.
• the rolling module 2 comprises a pair of bearing rolls 12 acting on the first supporting roll 7, a rolling roll 11 , and a pressure-exerting roll 13 acting on the bearing rolls 12.
• the bearing rolls 12 are each provided over their circumference with a recess, which means that they only act on the first supporting roll 7 on the two sides adjacent to the belt 10.
• the pressure-exerting roll 13 is positioned displaceably in the rolling module 2 under the influence of second activation means 22, which in this exemplary embodiment comprise a motor M and a threaded spindle S, in such a manner that a pushing or rolling force Fu can be exerted on the bearing rolls 12, which pushing force Fu can be measured via a force pick-up, known as a load cell LC.
• second activation means 22 which in this exemplary embodiment comprise a motor M and a threaded spindle S, in such a manner that a pushing or rolling force Fu can be exerted on the bearing rolls 12, which pushing force Fu can be measured via a force pick-up, known as a load cell LC.
• a force pick-up known as a load cell LC.
• the belt is positioned such that it rotates between the first supporting roll 7 and the rolling roll 11.
• the rotary movement of the belt 10 is achieved by driving one or more of the said rolls 6, 7, 11, 12 and 13, as indicated by the arrows illustrated therein.
• material flows from the thickness dimension of the belt 10 towards the length and width dimensions thereof over the entire circumference.
• the direction of movement or rotation of the belt 10 is of importance for the quality of the rolling process, which it should be noted is carried out with a continuous supply of a lubricant and coolant in the contact between the belt 10 and the rolls 11 and 7, such that the supporting roll 7 takes over the belt 10 from the rolling roll 11 , with the actual deformation of the belt 10 taking place in a stretched part thereof.
• the control unit determines a pushing force Fu and tensile force FI which is desired for the particular belt 10 and is to be applied during the rolling process via the activation means 21 or 22 as a function of the thickness D measured for each belt 10 prior to rolling.
• the known rolling process is aimed primarily at realizing a desired uniform belt thickness D, but according to the present invention can advantageously be designed also to introduce a surface profile 50 into one of the main sides 51 , 52 of the belt 10, i.e. the radially inwardly facing surface 51 , that is to say the inner side 51 , or the radially outwardly facing surface 52, that is to say the outer side 52 thereof.
• a belt 10 provided with a surface profile 50 of this type is illustrated in Figure 2, both in the form of a diagrammatic perspective view and in the form of a highly simplified cross section A-A.
• the surface profile 50 shown is what can be described as a cross-profile with elevated ribs 53 which cross one another and in this example extend at an angle ⁇ with respect to the circumferential direction L of the belt 10 over the entire width W thereof.
• the parameters which characterize the cross-profile are, according to the invention, the said angle ⁇ , a width or transverse dimension K of the ribs 53, the height ⁇ of the ribs 53 with respect to the in relative terms lower other surface regions 54 of the belt 10 and a ratio ⁇ - not illustrated - between the cumulative dimension of the ribs 53 and that of the valley regions 54, at least measured over the circumferential direction L of the belt 10 perpendicular to the width direction W thereof.
• the said parameters typically have a value in the respective ranges of from 20 to 70 degrees for the angle ⁇ of the cross- profile, from 1 to 200 ⁇ m for the width K of the ribs 53, from 2 to 14 ⁇ m for the height ⁇ of the ribs 53 and from 10 to 25 for the said ratio ⁇ .
• one of the two rolls 7, 11 between which the belt 10 is passed during the rolling process, the so-called profiling roll 7, is provided with an inverse or negative profile 60, at least where it comes into contact with the belt 10.
• Figure 3 diagrammatically depicts a view of a profiling roll 7 of this type.
• the circumferential surface of the profiling roll 7 is provided with recessed grooves 61.
• the surface profile 50 of the belt 10 comprises recessed grooves and that of the roll 7 comprises elevated ribs.
• this method can lead to a considerable variation in the vertical dimension of the surface profile 50 of the belt 10, such as for example the height ⁇ of the ribs 53, which is under certain circumstances undesirable. If it is the aim to achieve a more constant and in particular reproducible height ⁇ , the profiling roll 7 according to the invention needs to be provided with an irregular or even random pattern of separate profile segments.
• Figure 4 diagrammatically depicts a view of a profiling roll 7 of this type, in which the profile 60 according to the invention comprises the said profile segments 62, specifically in the present example groove segments 62 of various lengths and positions which, moreover, in this example are all oriented in one or more defined directions.
• the latter method leads to an irregular surface profile 50 of the belt 10.
• the profiling roll 7 according to the invention should be provided with the profile 60 shown in Figure 3, which comprises a regular pattern of continuous grooves 61.
• the rolling process should also be concluded by a rolling phase, in this case indicated as the profiling rolling phase PF, in which a relatively high rolling force Fu is exerted between the rolling roll 11 and the profiling roll 7 for at least one revolution of the belt 10.
• Figure 5 illustrates a rolling process HF, UF which is typically used but with the addition of the profiling rolling phase PF according to the invention, on the basis of a graph showing the rotational speed rpm and the rolling force Fu as applied to the belt 10 over the duration t of the total process HF, UF, PF.
• this known rolling process in what is known as a main rolling phase HF the belt 10 is first of all brought to a desired level of rotational speed rpm, after which, with a desired level of the rolling force Fu being exerted, the intended reduction in thickness of the belt 10 is at least mostly realized. Then, in what is known as a finishing rolling phase UF, first of all the level of the rolling force Fu is reduced, and then the level of the rotational speed rpm is also reduced, and these reduced levels are maintained for a certain period of time.
• this known rolling process has a profiling rolling phase PF added to it, in which at least the rolling force Fu is increased temporarily, i.e.
• the level of the rolling force Fu is lower than that used during the main rolling phase HF, and in particular for the rolling force Fu exerted in the profiling rolling phase PF to be an average of the rolling forces Fu respectively exerted in the finishing rolling phase UF and the main rolling phase HF. It is preferable for the profiling rolling phase PF also to take place at a lower rotational speed rpm compared to the main rolling phase HF.
• the dashed lines illustrate the known rolling process, in which at the end of the finishing rolling phase UF both the rolling force Fu and the rotational speed rpm are reduced to zero.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metal Rolling (AREA)
• Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Cited By (2)

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Citations (2)

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• 2003
  • 2003-12-08 NL NL1024968A patent/NL1024968C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2004
  • 2004-12-07 CN CNB200480036332XA patent/CN100469469C/zh active Active
  • 2004-12-07 JP JP2006542520A patent/JP4839222B2/ja active Active
  • 2004-12-07 WO PCT/NL2004/000851 patent/WO2005053867A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2004-12-07 CN CN2009100077572A patent/CN101497083B/zh active Active

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