WO2005046091A1 - 回答集計分析装置 - Google Patents
回答集計分析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005046091A1 WO2005046091A1 PCT/JP2003/014124 JP0314124W WO2005046091A1 WO 2005046091 A1 WO2005046091 A1 WO 2005046091A1 JP 0314124 W JP0314124 W JP 0314124W WO 2005046091 A1 WO2005046091 A1 WO 2005046091A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/1143—Bidirectional transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B7/00—Electrically-operated teaching apparatus or devices working with questions and answers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an answer totaling and analyzing apparatus, and more particularly, to a totalizing and analyzing apparatus capable of asking a participant a question in various gatherings and the like, and immediately collecting and analyzing the answer to the question.
- the answer totaling and analyzing device is equipped with a plurality of answering devices and a center device, and is used in various gatherings.
- the answer totaling analyzer sends the answer to the center using the answering machine, and the center unit receives this answer signal.
- the answers are tabulated and analyzed in real time. With the use of the answer totaling analyzer, the questioner can immediately display the answer totaling result to the participant. Aggregate analysis is possible.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a response tallying and analyzing apparatus using infrared light as a communication means. In the communication of the response signal by infrared light of this device, a method of encoding the signal into a code using a pulse train of infrared light and transmitting and receiving the light, that is, a method similar to that by wireless radio waves is used.
- the respondent's answering device When the venue is large, the respondent's answering device is located far away from the center device, but also close to the center device, so the answering device receives the answering signal from the answering device.
- a very weak signal and a very strong signal coexist. Therefore, in the center device, it is necessary to increase the sensitivity of the light receiving device in order to receive a weak answer signal from a distant answerer, but even if a very strong answer signal arrives from a nearby answerer.
- the light receiving device There was a problem that the light receiving device had to be able to receive light stably without causing saturation ringing. These issues were the same for sending and receiving transponders.
- Patent Document 3 describes an indoor local communication network. It describes that when transmitting data between subscribing stations, an intermediary station is provided and attached to the ceiling, for example, to relay data transmission between subscribing stations.
- this system transmits data by half-duplex communication, there is a problem that data cannot be exchanged between two stations at the same time. For this reason, the reception of the signal is stopped for a predetermined time immediately after the reception of one signal at the intermediate station to solve this problem. According to this solution, it is possible to prevent one signal from being transmitted by a plurality of transmission lines and receiving the same signal when a plurality of intermediate stations are provided.
- this system is related to a local communication network using half-duplex communication, and the communication form is basically the same as that of the answer totaling analyzer that performs two-way communication between the answering machine and the center device. It was different.
- the present inventors have provided a simple answer totaling and analyzing apparatus capable of totalizing and analyzing answers from many respondents by the invention described in Patent Document 4 using communication by optical signals.
- the next major technical issue to be addressed in order to further develop this answer aggregation analyzer and expand its applications is to take advantage of the simplicity of this instrument, to be able to use it stably in a wider venue, The aim was to be able to accommodate venues with a structure, and to be able to perform aggregative analysis quickly even if the number of respondents was increased.
- the present invention solves such a technical problem, and can be used stably even in a large venue or a venue with a complicated structure without being restricted by a venue for gathering.
- the purpose of this system is to provide a response aggregation and analysis device that can perform accurate aggregation and analysis.
- Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 58-117
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-10501939
- Patent Literature 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-5005 ⁇ 83
- Patent Document 4 International Publication No.W O 0 1 Z 7 3 6 3 0 A 1 Disclosure of the Invention
- the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention is provided with a center device described below, a plurality of answering devices, and auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices.
- the center device of the present invention generates a signal for instructing transmission of an answer signal by allocating an answer period in which a plurality of answer signal windows are set on a time axis to each of the plurality of answerers.
- Answer command signal generating means answer command signal emitting means for emitting answer command signals by optical signals
- answer signal receiving means for receiving answer signals from multiple answering devices, and answering from received answer signals
- a counting and analyzing means for detecting, counting and analyzing.
- each of the plurality of answering devices of the present invention includes answer command signal receiving means for receiving the answer command signal emitted from the center device, and a plurality of answers set within the answer period assigned by the answer command signal.
- An answer means that selects an answer signal window at a time position corresponding to the answer from the signal window, transmits a pulse signal in the answer signal window, and expresses the answer content as an answer signal, and an answer means.
- Answer signal emitting means for converting the transmitted pulse signal into an optical signal and emitting the light signal.
- the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device of the present invention relays and receives a signal emitted by any of the center device, the plurality of answering devices, and the other auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices when there are a plurality of auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices.
- an ID number is set as a number for each of the plurality of answering devices in the answer totaling and analyzing device of the present invention, and the number of times of the center device is set.
- the answer period is assigned to each answering device according to the ID number according to the answer command signal.
- the communication between the center device and the transponder is remarkably smoothed by the auxiliary emitter / receiver assisting the communication between the center device and the transponder. ing. That is, the answer totaling analyzer of the present invention has a complex venue where the answer totaling analyzer is used in a large venue and the distance between the center device and the answering machine is large or has a complicated structure. Even if the communication transmission path cannot be formed directly, the auxiliary transmission / reception device relays the communication between the center unit and the answering device, so that the transmission path is formed. None.
- a plurality of answer signal windows are set as answer signals of the plurality of answering devices within an answer period designated by the answer command signal, and the answer signals are provided from the plurality of answer signal windows.
- the response signal window at the time position corresponding to the response signal is selected, and a pulse is transmitted in the response signal window, so that the response signal expressing the content of the response is used.
- Response signals can be transmitted and received very easily with a very small number of pulses.
- auxiliary light emitting and receiving device by introducing the above-mentioned auxiliary light emitting and receiving device into an answer totaling analyzer using such a simple answer signal transmission / reception method, a wider device can be maintained while maintaining the advantage that the device is simpler. It can be used in venues and venues with complex structures, and the number of answering machines can be greatly reduced. Further, this configuration of the present invention enables an apparatus configuration capable of processing promptly answer signals from a large number of answerers, and enables simple and highly efficient total analysis of answer signals. According to the present invention, it is expected that the application range of the answer totaling analyzer will be greatly expanded.
- the center device of the answer totaling analyzer of the present invention is specified by the answer command signal.
- the answer period may be composed of a single answer section, but is divided into a plurality of answer sections by a synchronous pulse, and in each answer section, each of a plurality of transponders transmits an answer signal.
- a plurality of answer signal windows may be set.
- each answer period is divided into a plurality of answer sections, and in each answer section, a plurality of answer signal windows for the answering device to transmit an answer signal are set on its time axis, and Each respondent selects an answer signal window corresponding to the answer selected and input by the respondent for each answer section, and transmits a pulse within the time width of these answer signal windows, which is used as an answer signal.
- the answer signal from the answering device is sequentially emitted one by one from each of the plurality of answering devices assigned according to the answer command signal from the center device. This is characterized in that light is received via any one of the transmission lines, and the answer signals from two or more answering devices do not overlap in time.
- the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention has an advantage that the communication device can be easily configured.
- the time positions of the plurality of answer signal windows can be set at the center of each answer section. In this way, if the time positions of multiple answer signal windows are set at the center of each answer section, that is, at a time position sufficiently far from both ends of the section, the synchronization pulse and the answer transmitted within the answer signal window are set. Time interval between signal pulses Since it can be large, it is advantageous in avoiding the effects of ringing.
- the signal pulse In the auxiliary emitter and receiver of the answer totaling analyzer of the present invention, the signal pulse
- a light emission suspending means for suspending the light emission for a time shorter than the time of the shortest pulse interval in the normal signal pulse train. In this way, it is possible to prevent the same answer signal from being transmitted and received repeatedly by ringing, and to provide a plurality of auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices and to transmit and receive signals between the auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices. Also, it is possible to prevent the same answer signal from being received repeatedly.
- auxiliary emitters and receivers are installed at intervals of 2 Om, and the relationship between the time required for exchanging signals with the farthest answerer and this pause period is described.
- the time required from light reception to light emission in one auxiliary emitter / receiver is about 0.2 / S. If the signal passes through all of these auxiliary emitters and receivers sequentially, the total time from input to output of the signals at the auxiliary emitters and receivers is about 0.43 per direction for two units, Approximately 0.8 ⁇ s. Adding this to the time required for the transponder from light reception to light projection to about 0 gives a total of about 1.
- the distance between the center emitter / receiver 23 and the nearest auxiliary emitter / receiver and the distance between the farthest answerer and the nearest auxiliary emitter / receiver are both 20 m. Then, the light propagation distance between the center emitter / receiver 23 and the answering device is 6 Om, and the time required for light to propagate this distance is 0.18 // 3 in one direction. And 0.36 ⁇ s for both round trips. Therefore, the total time required for the signal to return to and from the farthest answerer is 1.3. If the time width of the answer signal window is set to, for example, 2 ⁇ s, this time delay falls within this time width, and the light emission is stopped immediately after receiving and transmitting this signal. With a pause of 14 s , It can be seen that the ringing is sufficient to prevent the same answer signal from being transmitted and received in duplicate, and to prevent the same answer signal from being received in duplicate through different paths.
- the answer totaling analyzer of the present invention as a means for projecting answer signals from the plurality of answering devices to the center device, a plurality of answering signals set in the answering period specified by the answering command signal to the answering device are used. An answer signal window corresponding to the answer is selected from the window, and an answer signal transmission / reception communication format in which an answer signal pulse is transmitted at this time position is used.
- the number of pulses required for answering is significantly reduced compared to the normal communication method, and a simple auxiliary light emitter / receiver is installed in the optical signal transmission path to relay the transmitted optical signal. And receive and project light. For this reason, even when the distance between the center device and the answering machine is large, or when there is an obstacle between the center device and the answering machine, the intensity of the optical signal can be maintained properly. Necessary information can be easily and stably transmitted.
- the auxiliary light emitter / receiver in the transmission path of the optical signal, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the light pulse output device that the light emitter / receiver of the center device emits.
- a major advantage is that battery consumption is reduced.
- a low-sensitivity optical receiver for receiving optical signals can be used, which simplifies the light-receiving section and facilitates measures against noise and ringing.
- the conventional restriction on the number of answering devices of the answer totaling and analyzing device is removed, and the number can be greatly increased. For example, it is possible to respond to a large gathering of about 2000 people, and it is possible to quickly and smoothly aggregate and analyze the responses of all participants to questions.
- the answer totaling analyzer used for large gatherings requires a large number of answering machines according to the number of participants, the answering machine is as simple as possible and the battery replacement It is desired that the frequency of occurrence is low. For this reason, it is desirable that the light-emitting element used in the answering device be small in size, capable of operating at low voltage, high in luminous efficiency, and high in safety.
- the light emitting diode has a response speed of several 100 MHz to several 100 MHz when not emitting light at high output.
- a certain recovery time is required after emitting a high-power light pulse.
- the duty ratio is 1/100 or less. Therefore, when transmitting and projecting a high-output optical pulse signal from the transponder, it is preferable that the number of pulses 3 ⁇ 4 transmitted and received per unit time be as small as possible and the pulse interval should not be reduced.
- the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention uses an answer communication system for sending an answer signal with a small number of optical pulses, and is well suited to such characteristics of the light emitting diode.
- the light used for information transmission is preferably infrared light. If it is infrared light, a highly efficient light emitting diode can be used. Compared with visible light, it is less affected by noise from other light sources and has less visual trouble.
- the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device of the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus can be arranged in a space above the venue where a plurality of answering devices are arranged. There is usually a relatively large space above the venue where the answer aggregation analyzer is used.
- the respondent can send a signal from the answering device to a nearby auxiliary emitter / receiver, and through this auxiliary emitter / receiver, connect the answering device and the center device. Communication can be performed stably.
- a balloon can be used as a means for arranging the auxiliary emitter / receiver in the space above the venue.
- the auxiliary emitter / receiver can be easily placed in the space above the venue.
- Inactive gas with a lower specific gravity than air He gas, which is a neutral gas, is particularly preferred.
- the center device transmits a calibration signal in a series of answer command signals prior to a signal designating an answer period for each of the plurality of answering devices.
- Each of the plurality of transponders has a signal transmitting means for transmitting a calibration response signal in response to the calibration signal prior to transmitting the response signal.
- the center device further determines the time between the calibration signal transmitted by the center device and each of the calibration response signals returned from each of the plurality of answering devices, thereby determining the time between the center device and each of the plurality of responding devices. Reading that measures the signal transmission time of each of the multiple answering devices and adjusts the time to read the response signal from each of the multiple responders based on the measured signal transmission time It is possible to have a time adjusting means.
- the time required for transmitting and receiving signals between the center device and a remote answering device increases. If the calibration signal and its response signal are not used, the time width of the response signal window must be increased accordingly.However, the calibration signal and its response signal are used, and the response signal from each responder is used. By adjusting and setting the reading time for each answering device, there is a great advantage that it is not necessary to extend the time width of the answering signal window.
- the time required for signal transmission and reception between the center device and the remote answering device is estimated under the same conditions as in the previous example.
- the total time from signal input to output of the five auxiliary light emitters and receivers is approximately 2.0 O / is for round trip, and the required time from light reception to light emission at the transponder is approximately 0.
- the time required for light to propagate and reciprocate over the distance of 12 O m between the center emitter / receiver 23 and the transponder 0.72 ⁇ s plus the total time of 2.7 2 ⁇ 8 It becomes. Caribbean
- the response signal and its response signal are not used, the time width of each response signal window must be set larger. Therefore, it takes time to send and receive signals.However, when using the calibration signal and its response signal to control the reading time of the answer signal from each answering device, there is no need to do so. Therefore, the width of the answer signal window can be set narrow.
- the answer signal receiving period on the axis can be set appropriately for the responder.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a signal flow when a signal is transmitted and received between the center device and the answering device via one auxiliary light receiving and receiving device in one embodiment of the answer totaling and analyzing device of the present invention.
- FIGS. 4A to 4C are time charts showing the relationship between the answer command signal pulse generated by the center device and the answer signal pulse of the transponder responding to this in one embodiment of the answer totaling and analyzing device of the present invention. It is.
- FIG. 5 shows the structure of the answering device in one embodiment of the answer totaling and analyzing device of the present invention. It is a block diagram showing composition.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device in one embodiment of the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing an embodiment of a circuit configuration of a control signal generator in the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device of the answer totaling / analyzing device of the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure showing a period.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the spatial arrangement of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices in the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A to 9C show the response command signal in one embodiment of the answer totaling analyzer of the present invention provided with the calibration signal, and the answer signal of the answering machine responding to this in the signal received by the center device.
- FIG. 4 is a time chart diagram showing what is shown.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
- the center device 100 of the answer totaling / analyzing device 1 includes answer command signal generating means 101, answer command signal emitting means 102, answer signal receiving means 101, and total analyzing means 100.
- each of the plurality of responders 1 20 (a, b) is provided with an answer command signal receiving means 1 2 1, an answer means 1 2 2, and an answer signal emitting means 1 2 3,
- the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 includes a relay light receiving means 131, a relay signal generating means 132, and a relay light emitting means 133.
- the answer command signal generating means 101 of the center apparatus 100 sets the answer period in which a plurality of answer signal windows are set on the time axis for each of the plurality of answerers 120. Specify the time to send a response signal Generate an answer command signal.
- the answer command signal emitting means 102 converts the answer command signal generated by the answer command signal generating means 101 into an optical signal,
- the answer signal receiving means 103 of the center device 100 receives answer signals from the plurality of answering devices 120.
- the counting and analyzing means 104 detects, tallies and analyzes the answers from the answer signals received by the answer signal receiving means 103.
- the response command signal receiving means 122 (a, b) of the plurality of transponders 120 (a, b) receive the response command signal emitted from the center device 100, respectively.
- the response means 1 2 2 (a, b) is input from a plurality of response signal windows set within the response period specified by the response command signal received by the light receiving means 1 2 1 (a, b), respectively.
- the answer signal window at the time position corresponding to the answer is selected, and the pulse signal of the answer signal is transmitted to the answer signal window position.
- the response signal light emitting means 123 (a, b) converts the pulse signal transmitted by the answer means 122 into an optical signal and emits the light signal to the center device 100.
- the relay light receiving means 1331 of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 relays and receives the signal emitted by the center device 100.
- Relay signal generation means 1331 of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 relays and receives the signal emitted by the center device 100.
- the relay light emitting means 13 3 emits the relay signal generated by the relay signal generating means 13 2 by an optical signal.
- the relay light receiving means 13 1 of the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 also receives the signal emitted by the transponder 120 b.
- the relay signal generating means 13 2 generates a relay signal in accordance with the signal received and received by the relay light receiving means 13 1, and the relay light emitting means 13 3 uses the relay signal generating means 13 2
- the generated relay signal is projected by an optical signal.
- the relay light receiving means 1331 of the auxiliary light emitter and receiver 130 can also relay and receive signals from other auxiliary light emitters and receivers (not shown).
- the relay signal generating means 1332 generates a relay signal according to the signal received by the relay light receiving means 131, and the relay light emitting means 133 generates the relay signal generating means 1332.
- the relay signal is projected by the optical signal. In this way, the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 assists communication between the center device 100 and the plurality of responders 120, so that communication between them is facilitated.
- the above-described answer totaling analyzer 1 can have a specific configuration shown in a block diagram in FIG.
- the answer totaling / analyzing device 1 is composed of a central device 1 • 0, a plurality of answering devices 120, and a plurality of auxiliary light emitting / receiving devices 130.
- the center device 100 of the answer totaling and analyzing device 1 is composed of the main control device 21 and the center repeater 22 that constitute the answer command signal generating means 101 and the totalizing and analyzing means 104, and the answer.
- the c main controller 2 1 having a center emitter and receiver 2 3 constituting the command signal light projecting means 1 0 2 and answer signal receiving means 1 0 3, the input device 2 4 and a large display device 15 and are connected.
- the main control device 21 a computer device having a CPU, a storage device, an input device, an output device, and an I / O interface is used.
- a questioner, a moderator, an operator, or the like uses the input device 24 of the center device 100 to instruct the main control device 21 to input data or generate a response command signal
- main controller 21 instructs center repeater 22 to generate an answer command signal.
- the center repeater 22 receiving the command from the main control device 21 issues an answer command signal.
- the center emitter / receiver 23 converts the response instruction signal emitted by the center repeater 22 into light and emits the light.
- the response command signal emitted from the center emitter / receiver 23 of the center device 100 is sent directly when the distance between the center emitter / receiver 23 and the answerer 120 is short and there are no obstacles. Reach each answerer 1 2 0.
- the answer command signal is received by the auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 installed within the emitting range. Then, the light reaches the answering device 120 via the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130.
- the response command signal may reach the answering device 120 after passing through a plurality of auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices 130.
- the answer entered by the respondent is input from the answerer 120. Is transmitted to the center device 100 by an optical pulse.
- This answer signal reaches the center light emitter / receiver 23 of the center apparatus 100 via a path opposite to the above-described answer command signal transmission path. That is, the answer signal by the light transmitted from the answering machine 1 20 to the center device 1 00 is, when the distance between the center device 100 and the center emitter / receiver 2 3 is short and there is no obstacle, Although the light reaches the center emitter / receiver 23 of the center device 100 directly, if the distance between the answering device 120 and the center device 100 is long or there is an obstacle, this answer signal is used as an auxiliary signal. The light reaches the center device 100 via the emitter / receiver 130. In this way, the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 relays the answer command signal and also relays the answer signal. The response signal in this case may reach the center device 100 after passing through a plurality of auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices 130.
- the center emitter / receiver 23 of the center device 100 receives the optical pulse of the response signal transmitted from the responder 120, converts it into an electric signal, and sends it to the center relay 22.
- the center repeater 2 2 returns the received electric signal
- the data is converted to data and input to the main controller 21.
- the main controller 21 receives light from the transponder 120, converts and inputs the response data in the memory of the main controller 21 and sequentially summarizes and analyzes the received responses. The results are shown to respondents on a large display device 25.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the main operation of the answer totaling and analyzing device 1.
- the center device 100 and the answering device 1 are connected via one auxiliary light emitting and receiving device.
- the main controller 21 constituting the answer command signal generator 101 receives the answer step ( In S301), it is determined that there is no command to stop answering, and the center repeater 22 is instructed to generate an answer command signal (S302). Upon receiving this command, the center repeater 22 constituting the reply command signal generator 101 generates a reply command signal (S
- the center emitter / receiver 23 constituting the answer command signal emitting means 102 emits the answer command signal (S304).
- the relay light receiving means 131 receives this answer command signal (S305).
- the relay signal generating means 1332 generates a signal reconstructing the pulse waveform that the answer command signal received by the relay light receiving means 131 should originally have (S306), and sends the signal to the relay light emitting means 1333. send.
- the relay light emitting means 133 emits the reconfigured answer command signal as an optical signal (S307).
- the response command signal receiving means 122b receives the response command signal (S308).
- the answering means 1 2 2b captures the answer period of the answering machine 1 20b from the answering command signal received by the answering command signal receiving means 1 2 1b, and is input to the answering machine 1 20b during this answering period.
- a response signal for the prepared response is generated (S309).
- the answer signal emitting means 1 2 3b emits this answer signal (S310).
- the relay light receiving means 131 receives this response signal (S311).
- the relay signal generating means 13 2 generates a signal reconstructing the pulse waveform that the signal received by the relay light receiving means 13 1 should originally have (S 3 12).
- the relay light emitting means 13 3 emits the reconfigured answer signal as an optical signal (S 3 13).
- the operation from reception of light from S305 to S307 to light emission and the operation from light reception of S311 to S313 to light emission are as follows. It can be performed with the same device.
- the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 may be configured to simply reproduce the received signal and emit the light regardless of whether the received signal is an answer command signal or an answer signal.
- the center emitter / receiver 23 constituting the response signal receiving means 103 receives the response signal (S314), and constitutes a part of the total analysis means 104.
- the center repeater 2 2 processes the received answer signal (S 3 15), and the main controller 21 constituting the totalizing and analyzing means 104 receives the signal processed answer (S 3 1 6), Tally and analyze the responses (S3 17).
- the main control device determines in step S301 that the answer stop command has been input, it terminates generation of the answer command signal.
- Other methods for terminating the generation of the answer command signal include a method of feeding back the analysis status of the answers and automatically terminating when the number of responses reaches the target number, or terminating automatically at a predetermined time. There is a method to make it happen.
- the center device 100 resets the plurality of answering devices 120 to the plurality of answering devices 120 and prepares for transmission of the next answering signal or transmits the answering signal. If not, a reset signal or end signal for turning off the power of the answering machine 120 may be sent. Note that the main controller 21 of the center device 100 sends the signal received first as a response in one answer section to the answering device 1 corresponding to the answer section.
- the reception after this answer section is paused so that the signal that follows the same answer section is ignored. be able to. By doing so, it is possible to prevent reception of a false signal due to ringing or the like.
- 4A to 4C show the relationship between the response command signal 40 pulse emitted by the center device 100 and the response signal pulse 49 of the transponder 120 responding to this in the response aggregation analyzer 1. This is the time chart shown.
- the center emitter / receiver 23 of the center device 100 passes through the center repeater 22 under the command of the main controller 21 operated by the operator or the moderator. Transmits a series of infrared light pulses with a pulse width of 500 ns toward zero. These series of pulses are transmitted so that the transmission interval and the number of transmissions have meaning, and the receiving side decodes the meaning and responds accordingly.
- the response command signal 40 is composed of 16 pulses with a 24 zs interval as the answerer excitation signal 41 and then a frame with a 22 ⁇ s interval.
- the answer mode is specified by the mode command signal 43 composed of one synchronous signal 42 and a plurality of pulses, followed by the synchronous pulse 44 at 50 ⁇ s intervals.
- the sequence of the synchronization pulses 4 4 specifies the response timing for each answering device 1 20 identified by the ID number. For this, a response period of 250 / is, consisting of five response sections of 50 s, is assigned.
- Each respondent inputs an answer using the input keys provided in the answer input section 53 of the answering machine 120 held by the respondent, and the answer is converted into a pulse signal by the answering machine 120, and the center device 10 Sent to 0.
- each responder 120 first receives the responder excitation pulse 41 from among the response command signals from the center device 100 and enters the standby state. It receives the frame synchronization pulse 42 of the above, activates the power counter of the transponder 120, and prepares for a response. Next, a synchronous pulse train 44 at 50 ⁇ s interval is received, the number of pulses is counted, and when a response period 45 matching the ID number of the own transponder 120 is captured, this response is received. A plurality of answer signal windows 48 for transmitting the answer are set in each answer section 46 in the period 45, and the answer content entered by the respondent through the answer signal window 48 is set.
- the time position of the window is selected, and the response signal pulse 49 is generated and transmitted in this window.
- the answer period 45 assigned to one answering device 120 has five answer intervals 46, and each answer interval has a window width of 2 ⁇ s.
- the answer signal window 48 is set.
- the time position of the window corresponding to the answer of the respondent is selected for each answer interval, and a response signal pulse 49 is generated and transmitted with a pulse width of 500 ns in the selected window.
- the answer signal pulse may be generated at any time position within the window width of 2 Ats, but it is desirable to generate it near the leading edge of the window width in consideration of various errors.
- each answerer 120 has five answer sections that divide the answer period 45 given to the answerer 120.
- the one corresponding to the answer is selected from the plurality of answer signal windows 48 set for each of 46 and an answer signal pulse 49 is generated at that time position.
- FIG. 4C shows a specific example in which an answer signal corresponding to a 5-digit number in 2, 3, 8, 1, 7 and 10 is transmitted. Since this answer period is exclusively assigned to each of the plurality of answering machines 120, no answer signal from another enters during this answer period.
- the 10 answer signal windows 48 in the answer section may be provided in the first half of the answer section 46, may be provided in the center of the answer section 46, and may be provided in the second half of the answer section 46. May be provided. As shown in Fig. 4C, if 10 answer signal windows 48 are provided in the center of the answer section 46, the interval between the synchronization pulse 44 and the answer signal pulse 49 can be increased. it can. If the interval between the synchronization pulse 44 and the response signal pulse 49 is widened, the influence of ringing can be avoided, and the light emission and reception can be stabilized.
- a plurality of answer signal windows 48 divided by time position are set in the answer section 46 that divides the answer period 45 specified by the center device 100, and a plurality of answer signal windows 48 are set.
- Each time position has a meaning, and a window having a meaning corresponding to the answer is selected from the plurality of answer signal windows 48, and an answer pulse is issued in the selected window.
- the response content from the transponder 120 can be represented by an extremely small number of discrete pulses and transmitted as a response signal.
- the center device 100 of the present embodiment has the basic configuration shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, that is, the main control device 21 and the center which constitute the response command signal generation means 101 and the total analysis means 104.
- Repeater 22 center command emitter / receiver that composes answer command signal emitter 10 2 and answer signal receiver 10 3
- This is a configuration in which an input device 24 and a large display device 25 are added to the basic configuration of 23.
- This configuration is in accordance with the configuration of the center device described in detail in International Publication No. WO 01/733630 A1 already filed.
- the main controller 21 is a computer device on which the software for tallying and analysis is installed.
- the center repeater 22 is a device provided with an input / output interface in a CPU (central processing unit) and FPGA (final programmer gate array).
- the center emitter / receiver 23 is a device having an input / output interface for the FPGA, the transmission block, and the reception block.
- the operation of the center device 100 is as follows.
- Main controller 21 instructs center repeater 22 to generate a response command signal in accordance with the input from input device 24.
- the answer command from the main controller 21 is input to the CPU of the center repeater 22.
- the answer command signal to each answer device 120 is output by the CPU and FPGA of the center repeater 22 to which the answer command has been input.
- This answer command signal is processed by the FPGA of the center emitter / receiver 23 via the interface, converted to infrared light by the transmission block, and emitted to the answerer 120.
- the infrared light of the response signal from each transponder 120 is received by the reception block of the center emitter / receiver 23, processed by the FPGA of the center emitter / receiver 23, and then sent to the center repeater. It is processed by the FPGA and CPU of the center relay 22 through the interface 22. The answer signal thus processed is sent to the main controller 21 and the answer is tabulated and analyzed.
- FIG. 5 is a plot showing the configuration of the transponder 120 in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. The configuration of the answering machine 120 is in accordance with the configuration of the center device described in detail in International Publication No. WO 01/73630 A1, which has already been filed.
- the transponder 1 20 is composed of the transponder light receiving section 51 constituting the response command signal receiving means 1 21 in FIG. 1, the transponder control section 52 constituting the responding means 1 2 2 and the reply. It comprises an input section 53 and an answering section projecting section 55 constituting the answer signal projecting means 123.
- the transponder light receiving section 51 is an optical filter that selects the wavelength of the light to be received, a photodiode that converts an optical signal into an electric signal, a preamplifier that amplifies the electric signal, and an amplitude that limits the amplitude to be amplified. It has a limiting circuit.
- the transponder control unit 52 includes FPGA and CPU, and is provided with a counter 54 for detecting and responding to the assigned response period.
- the transponder light receiving section 51 of the transponder 120 receives the response command signal from the center device 100.
- the optical filter 1 for the received light.
- the light having the selected wavelength is converted into an electric signal by a photo diode and amplified by a preamplifier, and the amplitude of the signal having an excessive amplitude is limited by an amplitude limiting circuit.
- This preamplifier uses a non-linear element such as a digital element, and does not output the input voltage below the threshold, but outputs it for the input voltage exceeding the threshold. The noise component of the amplitude can be removed.
- this preamplifier reduces noise signals with a pulse width different from the signal by improving the pass characteristics for the pulse width of the signal and lowering the pass characteristics for pulses outside the pulse width. You can also.
- the answer command signal received by the transponder light receiving unit 51 and converted into an electric signal in this manner is input to the transponder control unit 52.
- ID is set in the responder 1 2 0 Number is set.
- the transponder controller 52 activates the counter 54 (replier basic clock counter) and assigns it by ID number.
- An answer signal pulse 49 corresponding to the answer shown in FIG. 4C is generated during the answer period 45, and sent to the transponder light emitting section 55.
- the answering device light emitting section 55 converts the answer signal pulse 49 into infrared light by means of a light emitting diode and emits it to the center device 100.
- the ID number specifying the responder 120 (for example, the number indicating the order of the answer period in which the responder should respond) is stored in the memory of the responder controller 52 when the responder is passed to the respondent. Give it.
- the center apparatus 100 identifies the respondent who has given the answer using the ID number.
- the auxiliary emitter / receiver 13 0 is an auxiliary emitter / receiver light receiving section 6 1 that constitutes 13 1 in FIG. 1 and an auxiliary emitter / receiver control signal that constitutes the relay signal generating means 13 2. It is composed of a generator 62 and an auxiliary light emitter / receiver light emitter 63 constituting the relay light emitting means 133.
- the configuration of the auxiliary receiver / receiver receiver 61 is the same as that of the previously described responder receiver 51, and the configuration of the auxiliary transmitter / receiver transmitter 63 is the same as that of the responder transmitter described above. It has the same configuration as part 55.
- the signal that reaches the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 is received by the auxiliary light emitting and receiving light receiving portion 61.
- the signal that reaches the auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 is a response command signal from the center device 100, an answer signal from the responder 120, and this auxiliary emitter / receiver via another auxiliary emitter / receiver. This is the answer command signal or answer signal that has reached 17.
- These signals received by the auxiliary emitter / receiver receiver 61 are input to the auxiliary emitter / receiver controller / signal generator 62.
- Auxiliary emitter / receiver controlThe signal generator 62 processes these input signals, and The signal of the specification (here, a pulse of 500 ns width) is output.
- the auxiliary emitter / receiver control ⁇ The signal generator 62 suspends the pulse output for a certain period after outputting one signal pulse.
- the pulse signal controlled in this manner is emitted as a light pulse from the auxiliary light emitter / receiver light emitter 63.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram schematically showing the circuit configuration of the control signal generator 62 in the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 of the present embodiment.
- a signal obtained by converting the signal received by the auxiliary light receiver / receiver 61 into an electric signal is input to the first input terminal 72 of the AND circuit 71.
- the output signal of the AND circuit 71 is input to the pulse generation circuit 73, and a pulse having a width of 500 ns is output from the output terminal 75 of the amplifier 74 as an output of the pulse generation circuit 73. It is input to the emitter / receiver emitter 63.
- the output of the pulse generation circuit 73 is input to a pulse circuit 76 that generates a pause pulse signal for suspending transmission of the output of the pulse generation circuit 73 for a fixed period (here, 14 / is).
- the output pulse of the pulse circuit 76 is input to the NOT circuit 77, and the output of the NOT circuit 77 is input to the second input terminal 78 of the AND circuit 71.
- the pulse width of 14 s output from the NOT circuit 77 is Pause the pulse from the generator circuit 73.
- the pause period has only to be long enough to avoid the influence of ringing or the like.
- the idle period may be set to be equal to or less than the minimum value of the pulse interval.
- FIG. 7B shows the minimum pulse interval of 15 s in this embodiment, which is shorter than 15 jus, and whose pause period is set to a length sufficient to avoid the effects of ringing. ⁇ s Case is illustrated.
- the answer totaling analyzer 1 communication is performed with an extremely small number of pulses as compared with communication using ordinary light, so that the pulse interval can be set relatively wide, and the light emitting diode can be used efficiently accordingly. Therefore, the preamplifier used for the answering device 120 and the auxiliary light emitting / receiving device 130 is relatively simple.
- the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 emits a predetermined pulse when receiving a pulse, and has an active property of providing a fixed pause period, so that it receives a weak optical signal attenuated by transmission, In addition to projecting light with a signal of appropriate intensity, it is possible to prevent duplicate signal reception due to one signal passing through a plurality of transmission paths, and transmission / reception of duplicate signals caused by ringing.
- the auxiliary projector 130 in the present invention can be named an active mirror, that is, an active mirror.
- auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 interposing the center device 100 and the answering device 120, even if the distance between the center device 100 and the answering device 120 is large, Also, even if there is an obstacle between them, signals can be exchanged with each other without any trouble.
- auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 Although only one auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 may be used per venue, a plurality of auxiliary emitters / receivers can be used as already shown in FIG. Auxiliary emitter and receiver 1 3 0 When multiple units are used, communication between the answering machine 120 and the center unit 100 not only goes through one auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 but also two or more units. The light emission and reception may be performed via the auxiliary light emitter and receiver 130 of the table.
- the time width of the answer signal window 48 may be set to be sufficiently longer than the time required for actual signal transmission between the answerer 120 and the center device 100.
- the time required for an optical pulse signal to be input to the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 and the signal to be output from the auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 is at most about 200 ns.
- the propagation time in the space inside is 100 m and is about 3 OO ns.
- the time width of the answer signal window 48 may be set to a time width sufficiently larger than these times, for example, 1 ⁇ s or more, and more preferably 2 ⁇ s.
- a signal transmitted and received by one auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 is transmitted and received by another auxiliary emitter / receiver 130.
- this signal it is necessary to prevent this signal from returning to the original auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 again, and to generate a signal again by this signal, thereby preventing the signal from being received twice.
- the signal transmitted by one auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130 returns again via the other auxiliary light emitter / receiver 130
- the time obtained by adding the duration of the pulse to the maximum time required for this may be set as the relay prohibition period, and the time exceeding this relay prohibition period may be set as the pause period.
- the shortest pulse interval in the signal pulse train of this device is set to a time interval sufficiently larger than these time intervals, for example, the signal pulse train If the time close to the shortest pulse interval to be used is set as the light emitting suspension period of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130, it is possible to set the suspension time period far exceeding the relay prohibition, and the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 The light emitting suspension period of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 that can sufficiently fulfill the role of the light emitting device can be set.
- the auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 receives signals from multiple responders 120 and the central unit 100 0 or other auxiliary emitters / receivers 130 that exist in all directions in the venue, and The light emitting and receiving system is omnidirectional so that signals can be sent in any direction.
- This type of auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 which has an omnidirectional emitter / receiver system, has the advantage that the installation work is simple because adjustments such as orientation are not required when installing the equipment in the venue. Have.
- omnidirectionality may be realized by using conical mirrors for the auxiliary light emitting and receiving light receivers 61 and 63 of FIG. It is also possible to provide a plurality of auxiliary light emitter / receiver light receivers 61 and auxiliary light emitter / receiver light emitters 63, and to provide a light receiver and a light emitter having various directivities depending on their arrangement.
- the center emitter / receiver 23 or the auxiliary emitter / receiver 1330 can be made to exist within approximately 1 Om in the horizontal direction from the viewpoint of 120. It can be kept within the range.
- the auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 relays between the center device 100 and the answering device 120, and the auxiliary emitter / receiver 130 points the center emitter / receiver 23.
- Directional differences such as a combination of a directional light emitting and receiving system with multiple directivity and an omnidirectional light emitting and receiving system targeting multiple responders 120 in the venue. May be provided.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the auxiliary light emitting and receiving devices 130 in the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus 1 of the present invention.
- the center light emitting and receiving device 23 of the center device 100 and the answering device 120 are coupled directly by light or via the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130.
- the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 is arranged in a space above the venue where the plurality of answering devices 120 are arranged.
- a balloon 81 filled with helium gas is used to space the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130, and the auxiliary light emitting and receiving device 130 is levitated.
- a string is attached to this balloon, which keeps its position. By doing so, the auxiliary light-receiving / receiving device 130 can be easily arranged without being limited by the situation of the venue.
- the auxiliary projector / receiver 130 in the answer totaling / analyzing device 1 may be suspended from the ceiling or placed on a wall instead of being lifted using a balloon, or may be placed using a stand. .
- 9A to 9C show a response command signal issued by the center device 100 and a response signal of the responder 120 responding to this, with a signal for calibration added to the response signal.
- the time required for communication between the communication device 20 and the center device 100 is measured, and the reading time adjustment means for adjusting the reading time of the response signal from each answering device 120 by the center device is measured based on the measured time.
- 1 is a signal time chart showing an embodiment of the answer totaling and analyzing apparatus 1 according to the present invention.
- the response command signal 40 is composed of one calibration pulse 91 and five synchronization pulses 44 after each pulse of the transponder excitation signal 41, the frame synchronization signal 42, and the mode command signal 43.
- the pulse train which is a set of six pulses in total, is transmitted in the form of the number of responders used.
- the synchronization pulse 44 specifies the start of the answer period 45 and the start of the answer period 46 for each answering device 120.
- the calibration pulse 91 is placed at the beginning of each response period. There is no particular limitation on the pulse width of the calibration pulse 91, but here the pulse width is the same as that of the synchronization pulse 44 to avoid complication.
- each responder 120 enters the standby state in response to the responder excitation pulse 41 of the center device 100, receives the next frame synchronization pulse 42, and responds to the responder controller. Then, the counter 54 is started to prepare the setting of the response signal window 48, and a response corresponding to the received mode command signal 43 is prepared.
- FIG. 9C shows the calibration response pulse 92 and the response signal pulse 49 of each responder 120 viewed from the center device 100.
- each transponder 120 Upon receiving the synchronization pulse train 44 having the calibration pulse 91, each transponder 120 counts the number of pulses and captures the response period 45 matching the ID number of its transponder 120. Then, each responder 12 0 regards the first pulse of the response period 45 as a calibration pulse 91, and immediately transmits a calibration response pulse 92 upon receiving this calibration pulse 91, Subsequently, the answer signal pulse 49 is transmitted from the answer signal window 48 set in each answer section 46 to the time position of the window selected by the answer of the answerer.
- the center repeater 22 of the center device 100 transmits the calibration pulse 91 in response to the response command from the main
- the response time of the calibration response pulse 92 from the transponder 120 and the time required to reach the center repeater 22 of the center device 100 are measured. Based on this, the time at which the response signal from each answering device 120 is read is aligned on the time axis for each answering device 120.
- the center repeater 22 can appropriately adjust the read time of the answer signal with respect to each answerer 120 by using the required communication time obtained in this manner, and the communication between the answerer and the center device can be performed. There is no need to set the time width of the response signal window 48 in consideration of the variation in the arrival time of the response signal due to the difference in the distance between them.
- the time width of the answer signal window 48 narrower. Also, if the time width of the answer signal window 48 can be set to be narrow in this way, the number of answer signal windows 48 in the answer section 46 of each answer period 45 ⁇ can be increased, and By reducing the number of 5 answer sections 4 6, the amount of information of the answer signal can be reduced, and the communication time can be shortened, or the number of transponders 120 used simultaneously can be greatly increased. be able to. For example, by reducing the width of the answer signal window 48 to 1 ⁇ s or less, the number of answerers 120 can be increased to 500 or more. Industrial applicability
- the answer totaling analyzer of the present invention can be used in large venues and a large number of answering machines, which were considered difficult in the past, and could not be realized. Is now available. In addition, even if the number of responders increases, quick signal transmission can be performed, and the result of the aggregation can be immediately shown to the respondent. In addition, the restrictions on the venues where the equipment can be used have been removed, and even when used in large venues or venues with obstacles, stable answer aggregation analysis is possible. As a result, the range of use of Expected to expand significantly
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003277564A AU2003277564A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | Answer totalizer/analyzer |
JP2005510449A JPWO2005046091A1 (ja) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | 回答集計分析装置 |
US10/578,245 US20070134643A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | Answer totalizer/anayzer |
EP03818958A EP1691494A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | Answer totalizer/analyzer |
PCT/JP2003/014124 WO2005046091A1 (ja) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | 回答集計分析装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2003/014124 WO2005046091A1 (ja) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | 回答集計分析装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005046091A1 true WO2005046091A1 (ja) | 2005-05-19 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2003/014124 WO2005046091A1 (ja) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | 回答集計分析装置 |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20070134643A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1691494A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005046091A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003277564A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005046091A1 (ja) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10149086A (ja) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-06-02 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | アンサーリングシステム |
WO2001073630A1 (fr) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Media Technical | Appareil destine a totaliser et a analyser des reponses au moyen de la communication optique infrarouge, et amplificateur de signal compatible |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01176127A (ja) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-12 | Ncr Corp | 光空間通信システム |
US5099346A (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1992-03-24 | Spectrix Corporation | Infrared communications network |
US5204768A (en) * | 1991-02-12 | 1993-04-20 | Mind Path Technologies, Inc. | Remote controlled electronic presentation system |
GB9412031D0 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1994-08-03 | Iml Ltd | Improvements in signalling devices employing line of sight radiation |
JP3228864B2 (ja) * | 1995-12-13 | 2001-11-12 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 発光装置およびその製造方法 |
JPH09252285A (ja) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-09-22 | Toshiba Corp | 近赤外線通信装置 |
KR100444798B1 (ko) * | 1996-11-12 | 2004-10-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 확산배열적외선안테나를이용한근거리데이터통신장치 |
JPH10322152A (ja) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-12-04 | Fujitsu Ltd | デジタルagc回路 |
US6486992B1 (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2002-11-26 | Sony Corporation | Modulating and demodulating method and transmitting method of control apparatus and control apparatus |
US6298047B1 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2001-10-02 | Steelcase Development Inc. | Method and apparatus for establishing a data link between a portable data communications device and an interface circuit |
SG87784A1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2002-04-16 | Kent Ridge Digital Labs | Csma/cd wireless lan |
US6628941B2 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2003-09-30 | Space Data Corporation | Airborne constellation of communications platforms and method |
-
2003
- 2003-11-05 AU AU2003277564A patent/AU2003277564A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-05 US US10/578,245 patent/US20070134643A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-05 WO PCT/JP2003/014124 patent/WO2005046091A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-11-05 JP JP2005510449A patent/JPWO2005046091A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-11-05 EP EP03818958A patent/EP1691494A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10149086A (ja) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-06-02 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | アンサーリングシステム |
WO2001073630A1 (fr) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Media Technical | Appareil destine a totaliser et a analyser des reponses au moyen de la communication optique infrarouge, et amplificateur de signal compatible |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1691494A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
JPWO2005046091A1 (ja) | 2007-05-24 |
AU2003277564A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
US20070134643A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
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