WO2005045023A1 - 核酸の濃縮精製方法および装置 - Google Patents
核酸の濃縮精製方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005045023A1 WO2005045023A1 PCT/JP2004/016600 JP2004016600W WO2005045023A1 WO 2005045023 A1 WO2005045023 A1 WO 2005045023A1 JP 2004016600 W JP2004016600 W JP 2004016600W WO 2005045023 A1 WO2005045023 A1 WO 2005045023A1
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- electrophoresis
- sample
- nucleic acid
- nucleic acids
- concentrating
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- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
- C12N15/1003—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor
- C12N15/1017—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor by filtration, e.g. using filters, frits, membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D57/00—Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or subclass, e.g. B03C
- B01D57/02—Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or subclass, e.g. B03C by electrophoresis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/425—Electro-ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/463—Apparatus therefor comprising the membrane sequence AC or CA, where C is a cation exchange membrane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
- C12N15/1003—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor
- C12N15/1006—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor by means of a solid support carrier, e.g. particles, polymers
- C12N15/101—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor by means of a solid support carrier, e.g. particles, polymers by chromatography, e.g. electrophoresis, ion-exchange, reverse phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502753—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by bulk separation arrangements on lab-on-a-chip devices, e.g. for filtration or centrifugation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
- G01N27/44747—Composition of gel or of carrier mixture
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device that performs pre-processing of a specimen. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pretreatment device for extracting a nucleic acid to be inspected from a cell or the like in a nucleic acid test.
- Genetic tests include identification tests for pathogenic microorganisms that are difficult to culture, detection of pathogenic microorganisms during antibiotic treatment or at the beginning of infection, detection of antigens when migration antibodies are suspected, control of the source of pathogenic microorganisms, paternity testing, etc. It is possible to perform tests that were difficult with conventional clinical tests, such as discrimination, and further, diagnosis of leukemia's solid tumor at the gene level and definitive diagnosis of genetic diseases. This method is more effective in detecting bacteria that require a longer time to culture, compared to techniques that use bacterial culture until the results are obtained. Furthermore, since DNA is stable depending on the storage conditions, it is possible to perform tests on past samples such as frozen biopsy materials and bones. In addition, genetic testing has been attracting attention in order to expand testing opportunities in tests for sexually transmitted diseases, which have been increasing in recent years.
- Conventional methods for purifying and concentrating nucleic acids include a purification method using phenol Z, a form Z ethanol, a purification method using a column Z filter for adsorbing nucleic acids, and a purification method using magnetic silica beads. Being done.
- nucleic acid is electrophoresed in a prepared gel, and the recovery device is moved to a position of a target nucleic acid in the gel.
- a method for recovering a target nucleic acid by electrophoresis is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the target nucleic acid is electrophoresed on a plate-like electrophoresis gel.
- a method is known in which the nucleic acid is recovered by inserting a recovery chip near the target nucleic acid band (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the purification method using phenol Z Cloguchi form Z ethanol requires powerful chemicals because it uses powerful drugs, and the environment in which it can be used is limited. .
- the operation is laborious and requires high-speed centrifugation, which makes automation difficult.
- it is difficult to obtain high purification accuracy.
- the purification method using a column Z filter that adsorbs nucleic acids is performed while the solution is flowing.Therefore, for samples with a large amount of contaminants such as debris, the column / filter may be clogged and the purification efficiency may decrease immediately. is there. Then, it is necessary to perform centrifugation or suction operation, which makes automation difficult.
- silica may be mixed into the sample. And it is difficult to obtain a high recovery rate.
- the conventional technique for recovering nucleic acid requires a flat plate electrophoresis gel, and the flat plate electrophoresis gel is subjected to one end of electrophoresis to obtain a target nucleic acid. It is necessary to process the gel at the corresponding position.
- Gels used for electrophoresis may have significantly different properties depending on the process of formation that is vulnerable to impact. Therefore, generally, after performing electrophoresis, the position of the target nucleic acid in the electrophoresis gel is recognized by ultraviolet rays, and then the portion containing a large amount of the target nucleic acid is treated.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Utility Model Application No. 5-88296
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-8-327595
- nucleic acids are charged with a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, and placed in an electric field to separate and purify nucleic acids from a sample containing the contaminants, and to concentrate or concentrate the nucleic acids. Almost, it is a state.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration for nucleic acid concentration by electrophoresis in the presence of a surfactant.
- the sample contains impurity 2 together with nucleic acid 1.
- a surfactant is mixed into this sample.
- As the surfactant a nonionic surfactant 3 and a cationic surfactant 4 are used.
- the surfactant mixed in the sample adsorbs to the contaminant 2.
- Nucleic acids and cationic surfactants can also be adjusted by adjusting the amount of home appliances with a nonionic surfactant, or by adding salts such as sodium salt and poly-ionic substances (henoline, dextran sulfate, DNA). It is possible to adjust the adsorption.
- the contaminant 2 to which the cationic surfactant 4 has been adsorbed is charged to a positive charge. Then, the contaminant 2 to which the surfactant has been adsorbed and the nucleic acid 1 to which no surfactant has been adsorbed or which has a small amount of adsorption can be separated by electrophoresis. This makes it possible to easily remove the contaminant 2 and to concentrate the nucleic acid 1 on the specimen.
- the electrophoresis is performed twice, so that the nucleic acid is reliably enriched.
- excess ions in the sample are removed, and in the second electrophoresis, the nucleic acid in the sample is concentrated.
- nonionic surfactant to be added to a specimen containing nucleic acid examples include polyoxyethylene p-t one-year-old butyl ether (Triton-based surfactant and the like), polyoxyethylene Non-ionic surfactants such as len sorbitan alkyl ester (Tween-based surfactant, etc.) and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (Brij-based surfactant, etc.) can be used. Specifically, for example, Triton X-100, Tween- 20, Brij 35 and the like. Preferably, 1% TritonX-100 is desirable. If the cell membrane and nuclear membrane are not dissolved by the addition of the surfactant, heat treatment is performed at 96 ° C for 10 minutes after adding a nonionic surfactant.
- cationic surfactants include zefylamine, cetyltrimethylammonium-dumchloride, cetylpyri-dimethylmethylammonium-dumchloride, and decylpyridin-dimethylchloride (DPC).
- DPC decylpyridin-dimethylchloride
- Pretreatment of the sample is performed in this way, a DC voltage of 100 V is applied, and electrophoresis is performed for 10 minutes to remove excess ions in the sample.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a migration tank for the first electrophoresis.
- the electrophoresis tank 5 is provided with a sample tank 6 and a partition 9 for separating the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side.
- the sample tank 6 penetrates the partition wall 9, and has one end protruding to the positive electrode side and the other end protruding to the negative electrode side. Both ends of the sample tank 6 are open, and the openings at both ends are closed by gels 8. Thus, a potential difference is generated in the sample tank 6 to perform electrophoresis of the contaminants to which the nucleic acid and the surfactant are adsorbed.
- the nucleic acid After removing excess ions contained in the sample, the nucleic acid is concentrated by the second electrophoresis.
- electrophoresis is performed by placing a sample tank into which a sample has been injected in the first electrophoresis and a recovery tank for nucleic acid connected thereto in the electrophoresis tank. .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the electrophoresis tank for the second electrophoresis.
- a sample tank 6, a collection tank 7, and a partition 9 for separating the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side are provided.
- the sample tank 6 is inserted into the partition wall 9 and protrudes toward the negative electrode.
- the recovery tank 7 is inserted into the partition wall 9 and has a configuration protruding toward the positive electrode.
- the sample tank 6 and the collection tank 7 are connected at the portion where the partition 9 is provided, and are connected via the gel 8.
- Both ends of the sample tank 6 are open, and the openings at both ends are closed by gels 8. Then, both ends of the recovery tank 7 are open, the negative electrode side is closed by the gel 8, and the positive electrode side is closed by the ultrafiltration membrane 11.
- a voltage of 120 V is applied between the electrodes to perform electrophoresis for 120 minutes.
- the nucleic acid recovery efficiency can be improved.
- the second electrophoresis without performing the first electrophoresis.
- the nucleic acid can be easily concentrated. Inspection Excess ions present in the body can permeate the ultrafiltration membrane and do not affect nucleic acid recovery.
- the present invention firstly relates to a method for concentrating and purifying nucleic acids using electrophoresis, in which a charge amount is adjusted for contaminants in a sample containing nucleic acid, and then the sample is purified. Place in an electric field to concentrate and purify nucleic acids.
- a method for concentrating and purifying nucleic acids by electrophoresis wherein a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant are added to a sample containing nucleic acids to reduce the amount of charge to contaminants in the sample. Then, the sample is placed in an electric field and subjected to electrophoresis to concentrate and purify the nucleic acid.
- the amount of charge other than nucleic acids is adjusted by the adsorption of a cationic surfactant, and the amount of the cationic surfactant adsorbed is adjusted by the amount of a nonionic surfactant added.
- a nonionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant are added to a sample, the sample is electrophoresed, and a device for concentrating and purifying nucleic acid on the anode side is configured.
- a nucleic acid concentration / purification apparatus for performing electrophoresis in which a container whose side surface is made of an insulator is partitioned by a conductive separator that suppresses diffusion, and a sample is put into the container A chamber and a nucleic acid recovery chamber are configured, and an end of the container is connected to an electrode via a buffer tank to form a device.
- the present invention firstly relates to a method for concentrating and purifying nucleic acids using electrophoresis, in which a charge in a sample containing nucleic acids is adjusted, and then the sample is placed in an electric field.
- the method of concentrating and purifying the nucleic acid is adopted, so that the behavior of the nucleic acid and the contaminant in electrophoresis is different, and the nucleic acid can be efficiently separated.
- the difference in behavior between the contaminant and the nucleic acid can be adjusted by charging, and the behavior can be easily controlled.
- a mechanism for performing nucleic acid concentration without using a centrifugal separator or the like can be provided outside the compartment.
- the second is a method for concentrating and purifying nucleic acids by electrophoresis.
- concentration of contaminants in the sample is adjusted by adding a surfactant, and the sample is subjected to electrophoresis in an electric field to concentrate and purify nucleic acids.
- the operation is easy, and the safety of the work can be easily secured.
- nucleic acid By increasing the amount of adsorption to the contaminant, the difference in behavior between the nucleic acid and the contaminant in electrophoresis can be increased, and the nucleic acid can be separated efficiently. Furthermore, since impurities are migrated in the opposite direction to the nucleic acid, inhibition of purification by the impurities can be prevented, and nucleic acid can be easily purified.
- a method for concentrating and purifying nucleic acids by electrophoresis in which a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant are added to a sample containing nucleic acids to reduce the amount of charge to contaminants in the sample.
- the concentration of nucleic acid is adjusted and purified by placing the sample in an electric field and performing electrophoresis, so that the amount of cationic surfactant adsorbed is determined by the ratio of cationic surfactant to nonionic surfactant. It is adjustable and can easily adjust the behavior of contaminants in electrophoresis.
- adsorbing a nonionic surfactant to the nucleic acid it is possible to inhibit the adsorption of the cationic surfactant to the nucleic acid.
- the control of the amount of charge other than nucleic acid is performed by the adsorption of a cationic surfactant, and the amount of the cationic surfactant adsorbed is adjusted by the amount of a nonionic surfactant added.
- the ratio of adsorption of the cationic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant to the contaminants can be controlled by an easy operation.
- the charge amount of the contaminants can be adjusted by an easy operation.
- adsorbing a nonionic surfactant to a nucleic acid it is possible to inhibit the adsorption of a cationic surfactant to the nucleic acid.
- a non-ionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant are added to the sample, the sample is electrophoresed, and a device for concentrating and purifying nucleic acid on the anode side is configured. Since the nucleic acid in the sample can be purified and the behavior of the nucleic acid can be controlled, the concentration and purification device can be made compact while maintaining safety.
- a nucleic acid concentration and purification apparatus for performing electrophoresis the inside of a container having a side surface made of an insulator is partitioned by a conductive separator for suppressing diffusion, and a sample is put into the container. Chamber and a nucleic acid recovery chamber, and the ends of the container are connected to the electrodes via buffer tanks, respectively. Since the connected devices are configured, it is possible to configure a concentration and purification device with a simple configuration, reduce the cost for manufacturing, and configure a device that is easy to control and highly secure. is there.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of nucleic acid concentration by electrophoresis in the presence of a surfactant.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a migration tank for first electrophoresis.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a migration tank for the second electrophoresis.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first electrophoresis tank.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second electrophoresis tank.
- [6] A perspective view showing a configuration of a sampling unit.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of a sampling unit.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of a sampling unit.
- FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of a sampling unit.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a connection portion.
- FIG. 13 is a view showing an assembling configuration of a separation unit.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an electrophoresis apparatus.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an electrophoresis unit.
- FIG. 17 is a side sectional view of the electrophoresis unit.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the first half of the purification process using an electrophoresis unit.
- FIG. 20 is a side sectional view showing an assembling configuration of the electrophoresis unit.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the same.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first block.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second block.
- FIG. 24 is a front view of a packing.
- FIG. 25 is a view showing a comparison result in purification of a gonococcal genome.
- FIG. 26 is a view showing a gel obtained by electrophoresis of a sample showing the results of DNA concentration.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of the first electrophoresis tank.
- the electrophoresis tank 21 is divided into a negative electrode side tank 22 and a positive electrode side tank 23 by partition walls 24 and 25.
- the partition walls 24 and 25 are provided at the center of the electrophoresis tank 21, and the sample units 26 are mounted on the partition walls 24 and 25.
- the sample unit 26 has a configuration in which one end protrudes to the negative electrode side tank 22 and the other end protrudes to the positive electrode side tank 23.
- the negative electrode side of the sample unit 26 is filled with gel, and an injection hole for sample injection is formed on the side surface. The injection hole is closed by a stopper during electrophoresis.
- the negative electrode is inserted into the negative electrode side tank 22
- the positive electrode is inserted into the positive electrode side tank 23
- a voltage is applied to the electric swimming tank 21.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of the second electrophoresis tank.
- the electrophoresis tank 21 is separated from the negative electrode side tank 22 and the positive electrode by the partition walls 24 and 25. It is divided into side tub 23.
- the partitions 24 and 25 are disposed in the center of the electrophoresis tank 21, and the separation units 32 are mounted on the partitions 24 and 25.
- the separation unit 32 has one end protruding into the negative electrode side tank 22 and the other end protruding into the positive electrode side tank 23. Then, a negative electrode is inserted into the negative electrode side tank 22, a positive electrode is inserted into the positive electrode side tank 23, and a voltage is applied to the electrophoresis tank 21.
- the separation unit 32 is configured by connecting three members, and includes a sampling unit 26, a connection unit 33, and a filtration unit 34.
- a ring is attached between the sampling unit 26 and the connection part 33 and between the connection part 33 and the filtration part 34 to secure the connection and to prevent the buffer solution from flowing out.
- the negative electrode side of the sampling unit 26 is filled with gel, and the positive electrode side of the connection part 33 is also filled with gel.
- An ultrafiltration membrane is mounted on the filtration unit 34.
- the nucleic acid is concentrated using such an electrophoresis tank.
- a pretreated sample is plugged through an injection hole.
- the sample unit 26 is set in the electrophoresis tank 21 so that the upper surface slightly comes out of the liquid.
- a DC voltage of 100 V is applied and electrophoresis is performed for 20 minutes. This removes the extra ions in the sample.
- the buffer was adjusted to pH 8.0 using an aqueous solution, 40 mM Tris, 40 mM glacial acetic acid, and ImM EDTA.
- connection unit 33 and the filtration unit 34 are connected to the sample unit 26.
- O-rings are installed at each connection point to prevent liquid leakage.
- connection section 33 put a mixture of 100% ethanol and ⁇ at a ratio of 6: 4, and in the sampling unit 26, put TE-l (10mM Tris-HC1, 0. ImM EDTA, pH 8.0). It is something to keep.
- the filter section 34 contains TE-1.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the sampling unit
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of the sampling unit
- FIG. 8 is a side view of the sampling unit
- FIG. 9 is a sampling unit. It is a side sectional view of a kit.
- the sampling unit 26 is configured by holding a gel in a container.
- the sampling unit 26 uses a microcon (registered trademark) YM-3 microcon centrifugal filter unit manufactured by Millipore Co., Ltd. by using a centrifugal filter unit.
- the ultrafiltration membrane was removed and a hole with a diameter of 5 mm was drilled inside.
- the present invention is not limited to this and can be used.
- the sampling unit 26 includes a cylinder 41 and a pedestal 43.
- the cylinder 41 is connected to a pedestal 43, and has an injection hole 42 for injecting a sample.
- the pedestal 43 is formed in a stepped columnar shape, and the pedestal 43 is formed with a hole 44 communicating with the upper and lower surfaces.
- a gel 48 is provided in the cylinder 41.
- the thickness of gel 48 is about several mm,
- connection unit 33 The configuration of the connection unit 33 will be described.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the connecting portion
- FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of the connecting portion.
- connection part 33 also uses a centrifugal filter unit manufactured by Millipore as a calorie, similar to the sampling unit 26.
- the ultrafiltration membrane inside is removed and a hole with a diameter of 5 mm is opened inside. .
- the connection part 33 is composed of a cylindrical body 41 and a pedestal 43.
- the cylinder 41 is connected to the base 43.
- the pedestal 43 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape, and the pedestal 43 is formed with a hole 44 communicating with the upper and lower surfaces.
- a gel 48 having a thickness of about several mm is provided in the cylinder 41.
- the gel 48 is located on the upper surface of the pedestal 43 in the cylindrical body 41 and prevents the liquid from flowing between the gel and the sampling unit 26.
- FIG. 12 is a side sectional view of the filtration unit.
- the filtering unit 35 also uses a centrifugal filter unit manufactured by Millipore Corporation.
- the filtration unit 35 is composed of a cylinder 41 and a pedestal 43.
- the cylinder 41 is connected to the base 43
- the length of the cylindrical body 41 is shorter than the sampling unit 26 and the connecting portion 33, and is about 5 mm shorter.
- the pedestal 43 is formed in the shape of a stepped column, and the pedestal 43 has a hole 44 communicating with the upper and lower surfaces.
- an ultrafiltration membrane 49 is provided on the upper surface of the pedestal 43. As a result, the outflow of the nucleic acid can be prevented, and the nucleic acid can be concentrated.
- the nucleic acid was concentrated by the above-described first electrophoresis and second electrophoresis, and the concentration of the recovered nucleic acid was examined by absorbance measurement.
- the sample was treated with 100% / zL of 1% Triton (registered trademark) X-100 solution and heat-treated at 96 ° C for 10 minutes.
- 0.5xTAE was used as a buffer for electrophoresis.
- LxTAE was used for dissolution of agarose.
- the solution was prepared with 40 mM Tris, 40 mM glacial acetic acid, and ImM EDTA, and was adjusted to pH 8.0.
- connection part 33 is left standing with the opening side of the cylinder 41 facing upward, and the thickness of the 1% agarose gel (SeaKem Gold agarose: TaKaRa) is reduced to about 7 mm from the opening side of the cylinder 41. Pour and harden the genole.
- 1% agarose gel SeaKem Gold agarose: TaKaRa
- the sampling unit 26 is allowed to stand still with the opening side of the cylinder 41 facing upward, and the 1% agarose gel (SeaKem Gold agarose: TaKa
- the sampling unit 26 was turned over, and the solidified gel was poured into the opening side of the cylinder 41.
- the electrophoresis tank used was HU-6 (manufactured by Air Brown), and the power supply was MPSU-200 (manufactured by Air Brown).
- the electrophoresis tank was separated by a putty into a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side, and 0.5xTAE was put on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side.
- the sampling unit 26 was placed on the putty so that the upper surface of the sampling unit 26 slightly came out of the buffer solution.
- connection unit 33 and the filtration unit 34 are connected to the sampling unit 26 after performing the first electrophoresis to form a separation unit and perform the second electrophoresis. .
- a solution obtained by mixing 100% ethanol and ⁇ in a ratio of 6 to 4 was put into the connection part 33.
- the TE-l (10 mM Tris-HC1, 0. ImM EDTA, pH 8.0) solution was put into the filtration unit 34.
- connection unit 33 and the filtration unit 34 were connected to the sampling unit 26, and the separation unit was set up.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an assembly configuration of the separation unit.
- the separation unit is constructed by assembling the sampling unit 26, the connection unit 33, and the filtration unit 34 in the same direction, and between the connection unit 33 and the filtration unit 34 and between the connection unit 33 and the filtration unit 34.
- a ring 51 is attached to each to prevent liquid leakage from the separation unit.
- the electrophoresis tank was separated into a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side with a putty, and 0.5xTAE was put on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side.
- the assembled separation unit was placed on the putty with the sampling unit 26 end on the negative electrode side and the filtration unit 34 on the positive electrode side.
- the nucleic acid solution was collected in the filtration unit 34, the absorbance was measured, and the concentration of the nucleic acid collected from the UV starch was calculated.
- FIG. 14 is the UV spectrum of the recovered liquid.
- the calculated nucleic acid concentration was 32.3 ng (6.7 x 106 copies Z.)
- the nucleic acid concentration was calculated by calculating the absorbance at 260 nm (A260), Is multiplied by the optical path length of the cell (mm) and divided by 10.
- the calculated purity of the nucleic acid was 1.91.
- the purity is calculated by dividing the absorbance at 260 nm (A260) by the absorbance at 280 nm (A280). If the sample is 100% pure DNA, this value is about 1.8. In the case of RNA with 100% purity, the value is 2.0.
- the A280 value reflects the amount of protein and phenol that are mixed in the analyte.If the absorbance ratio is much lower than 1.5, it is possible that low-molecular substances such as protein are mixed. is there.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the electrophoresis apparatus.
- the electrophoresis apparatus 50 performs concentration of nucleic acids contained in a sample by an electrophoresis unit 51 disposed in an electrophoresis tank 50b.
- the electrophoresis tank 50b has a buffer tank 55, 58 and a cooling water tank 57.
- the buffer tanks 55, 56 are filled with a buffer solution for electrophoresis
- the cooling water tank 57 has an electrophoresis unit 51. Cooling water such as ice water is filled for cooling.
- the positive electrode 53 is disposed in the buffer 55, and the negative electrode 54 is disposed in the buffer 56.
- the ends of the electrophoresis unit 51 are exposed in the buffer tanks 55 and 56, respectively.
- the buffer tanks 55 and 56 and the cooling water tank 57 are separated by a partition wall 52, and the partition wall 52 and the electrophoresis tank 50b are made of insulating material. Putty can be used.
- the side of the electrophoresis unit 51 is contacted with the cooling water by the partition wall 52 to be cooled. Thus, heat generation during electrophoresis can be eliminated, and the sample can be purified in a stable temperature environment.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the electrophoresis unit
- FIG. 17 is a side sectional view of the electrophoresis unit
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the first half of the purification process by the electrophoresis unit
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows a latter period.
- the electrophoresis unit 51 is mainly composed of an insulating material such as acrylic resin, and is configured as one electrophoresis unit 51 by fixing a plurality of members with bolts or the like.
- the electrophoresis unit 51 has a columnar space 51b extending in the direction in which the space extends, and two holes are provided so as to be orthogonal to the direction in which the space 51b extends.
- One is an introduction hole 67 for introducing a sample into the space 51b, and the other is a collection hole 66 for collecting a sample concentrated from the space 51b.
- the introduction hole 67 and the sampling hole 66 communicate with the space 51b.
- a collection tank 71 and a sample tank 72 are provided inside the electrophoresis unit 51, and the introduction hole 67 is connected to the sample tank 72 and the collection hole 66 is connected to the collection tank 71.
- a gel wall 64 is provided between the sample tank 72 and the collection tank 71, and a gel wall 64 is also provided on the negative electrode side of the sample tank 72.
- An ultrafiltration membrane 65 is provided on the positive electrode side of the recovery tank 71. That is, the sample tank 72 is configured between the two gel walls 64, and the recovery tank 71 is configured between the gel wall 64 and the ultrafiltration membrane 65.
- the space 51b in the electrophoresis unit 51 is filled with the buffer for electrophoresis, and the sample tank 72 and the collection tank 71 are also filled with the buffer.
- a voltage is applied to both ends of the electrophoresis unit 51.
- the sample includes a nucleic acid to be purified and contaminants, and a nucleic acid smaller than the target nucleic acid.
- the nucleic acid 1 and the extra electrolyte 2b move to the positive electrode side, and the contaminant 2 moves to the negative electrode side. Then, by applying a voltage for a certain time, the nucleic acid 1 and the extra electrolyte 2b reach the collection tank 71 through the gel wall 64 as shown in FIG. 19 (c). Further, when the voltage is continuously applied, the extra electrolyte 2b having a small molecular weight as shown in FIG. 19 (d) passes through the ultrafiltration membrane 65 and is discharged from the recovery tank 71. Then, the target nucleic acid 1 stays in the recovery tank 71.
- the target nucleic acid 1 can be easily separated from the sample.
- FIG. 20 is a side sectional view showing an assembling structure of the electrophoresis unit
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the same.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the configuration of the first block
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the configuration of the second block
- FIG. 24 is a front view of the packing.
- the electrophoresis unit 51 is configured by combining a first block 61, a second block 62, a third block 63, a packing 73, and an ultrafiltration membrane 65.
- a first block 61, a second block 62, and the third block 63 holes communicating with the front and rear surfaces for forming the space 51b of the electrophoresis unit 51 are provided in the center, and bolts are used for each block. Holes communicating with the front and rear surfaces are provided at the four corners.
- the first block 61 constitutes the end of the electrophoresis unit 51
- the second block 62 constitutes the sample tank 72 and the collection tank 71
- the third block 63 holds the gel wall 64. It is.
- a packing 73 is provided between the blocks to prevent the cooling water from flowing into the electrophoresis unit 51 between the blocks.
- the ultrafiltration membrane 65 is sandwiched between the knocking 73 and 73.
- a hole 61b is provided, which constitutes a part of the space 51b of the electrophoresis unit 51. Holes 61c for inserting bolts are provided at four corners of the first block 61.
- a hole 62b is provided, which forms a part of the space 51b of the electrophoresis unit 51. Holes 62c for inserting bolts are also provided at the four corners of the second block 62.
- the second block 62 is provided with a vertically provided hole 62d communicating with the hole 62b. The holes 62d serve as the introduction hole 67 and the collection hole 66 of the electrophoresis unit 51.
- the shape of the third block 63 is such that the thickness of the first block 61 in the front-rear direction is reduced, and the gel wall 64 is held in a hole provided in the center.
- the nose / kin 73 is formed of a sheet having a cross shape in a front view.
- a hole 73b is provided at the center, and in the present embodiment, it is made of a 0.5 mm thick silicone sheet.
- the nose / kin 73 has a configuration in which four corners are cut out, and has a shape that does not come into contact with a bolt for fastening a block.
- the diameter of the hole 73b matches the diameter of the hole 61b of the first block 61 and the diameter of the hole 62b of the second block 62.
- the ultrafiltration membrane 65 one having a size larger than the hole 73b is used and can be sandwiched by the knocking 73.
- Comparative Test 1 compares the use of the electrophoresis apparatus in this example with the use of the magnetic silica bead method in the purification of the gonococcal genome from cultured gonococcal added urine.
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae was cultured at 37 ° C. for 2 days in Chocolate Medium EX (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.).
- a cell dilution solution 1. was added to 60 L of mixed urine of healthy subjects. To this, 60 ⁇ L of lysis buffer A having the composition shown in Table 1 was added and mixed.
- the mixture was heated at 96 ° C for 10 minutes.
- a 100 L sample was taken from the mixture, introduced as a sample into the electrophoresis apparatus of this example, and subjected to electrophoresis at a voltage of 150 V for 60 minutes.
- PCR treatment was performed on 5 ⁇ L of the collected sample (100 ⁇ L), and the fluorescence intensity was measured.
- the prescription for the PCR treatment was as shown in Table 2.
- the size of the first block 61 was 20 mm in width, 20 mm in height, 5 mm in thickness, and the diameter of the hole 61b was 5 mm. The same was true for the second block 62, and the diameter of the hole 62d was 2 mm.
- the size, width and height of the third block 63 are the same as those of the first block 61, and the thickness is 2.5 mm.
- the solution used was lOmM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0).
- YM-100 (Millipore) was used as the ultrafiltration membrane.
- the thickness of the packing 73 was 0.5 mm.
- MagExtractor (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used as the magnetic silica beads. Up to 10 minutes of heating the mixed solution at 96 ° C, the same operation as the above-described operation using the electrophoresis apparatus was performed. A 100 L sample was taken from the mixture and processed as per the MagExtractor protocol. PCR treatment was performed on 5 ⁇ L of the 100 ⁇ L of the obtained recovered sample, and the fluorescence intensity was measured.
- the thermal cycle of the PCR treatment was as follows: after holding at 50 ° C for 2 minutes, holding at 95 ° C for 2 minutes, holding at 95 ° C for 10 seconds, and holding at 56 ° C. Hold for 60 seconds was performed up to 50 cycles.
- FIG. 25 is a view showing a comparison result in purification of a gonococcal genome.
- the thick line is the one using this example, and the thin line is the one using the magnetic silica bead method.
- the dotted line is standard.
- a sample tank having a volume of 200 L and a collection tank having a volume of 50 L was used.
- the sample was prepared by mixing 100 ⁇ L of 7 ng / L / Hindlll DNA and mixing with 100 ⁇ L of lysis buffer ⁇ .
- the sample was introduced into the sample tank of the electrophoresis apparatus, electrophoresed at a voltage of 100 V for 30 minutes, and concentrated.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a gel obtained by electrophoresis of a sample showing the results of DNA concentration.
- ⁇ is a sample before concentration
- B is a sample collected after concentration. As shown in FIG. 26, for each sample amount, a clearer band was obtained in the sample collected after concentration than in the sample before concentration.
- the state of the band of 2 ⁇ L of the collected sample is considered to correspond to the state of the band of 6 ⁇ L before concentration.
- the DNA could be concentrated using the electrophoresis apparatus according to the present example.
- the present invention is simple to operate and has a simple device configuration, and thus can be applied to uses such as a test device for automatically concentrating and testing nucleic acids.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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US10/578,770 US20080035482A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-09 | Method Of Concentrating And Purifying Nucleic Acid And Apparatus Therefor |
JP2005515353A JPWO2005045023A1 (ja) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-09 | 核酸の濃縮精製方法および装置 |
EP04818240A EP1696026A4 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-09 | PROCESS FOR CONCENTRATING AND PURIFYING NUCLEIC ACID AND APPARATUS THEREOF |
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JP2003-379796 | 2003-11-10 | ||
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JP2013021959A (ja) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-02-04 | Sony Corp | 核酸抽出方法及び核酸抽出用カートリッジ |
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WO2004048398A1 (ja) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-10 | Arkray Inc. | 核酸の濃縮精製方法および装置 |
EP1931979B1 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2015-11-18 | Headway Technologies, Inc. | Microfluidic detection of analytes |
EP2214809A4 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2011-12-28 | Univ Dalhousie | APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING MOLECULES |
JP6052384B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-07 | 2016-12-27 | ソニー株式会社 | 核酸濃縮回収用カートリッジ、核酸濃縮回収方法、及び該カートリッジの製造方法 |
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- 2004-11-09 EP EP04818240A patent/EP1696026A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (1)
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CN1878863A (zh) | 2006-12-13 |
EP1918018A2 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
JPWO2005045023A1 (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
EP1696026A4 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
US20080035482A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
EP1696026A1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
EP1918018A3 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
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