WO2005041768A1 - 身体装着用電極装置 - Google Patents
身体装着用電極装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005041768A1 WO2005041768A1 PCT/JP2004/016618 JP2004016618W WO2005041768A1 WO 2005041768 A1 WO2005041768 A1 WO 2005041768A1 JP 2004016618 W JP2004016618 W JP 2004016618W WO 2005041768 A1 WO2005041768 A1 WO 2005041768A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode device
- electrode
- circuit
- worn
- base film
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/282—Holders for multiple electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a body-worn electrode device for detecting an electrical signal from the skin, and more particularly to a body-worn electrode device used for continuously measuring an electrocardiogram or the like over a predetermined time.
- Electrodes for measuring an electrocardiogram or the like for example, a device that is attached to the chest for several hours or several words and continuously measures the electrocardiogram or the like during that time (so-called, Holter electrodes) are known.
- This type of electrode device is designed to make it easy for the user (patient, etc.) to move.
- electrodes are attached to three to four places, such as the center of the chest, the upper part of the chest, and the flank. It has become common.
- the user in order to allow the user to wear the electrode device for a long period of time, it is preferable that the user does not feel uncomfortable even when wearing clothes or the like after wearing the electrode device.
- those that can adjust the distance between the electrodes include, for example, those shown in FIG. 5, that is, a fiber-attached substrate 110 and a fiber-attached substrate 1 It comprises a plurality of electrodes 101 formed by printing a conductive substance on 10 and a circuit section 103, and cuts 104 are provided alternately in the base material between the electrodes.
- an electrode device 100 including a telescopic portion 102 in which the circuit portion 103 is formed in a meandering shape by sewing the cuts 104 Japanese Utility Model 5-989). 67 reference.
- the electrode device as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-89677 can certainly adjust the position where the electrode is attached in accordance with the body shape of the user.
- the following problems arise as an electrode device worn by a user for a long time.
- ⁇ slack '' is likely to occur in the circuit section, and the circuit section swings inside the clothes, causing the user to feel uncomfortable. Also, the operation of the circuit may cause noise in the ECG.
- the present invention provides a body-worn electrode device that has a large electrode position adjustment range force S and that does not cause a user to feel uncomfortable even when worn for a long time. Disclosure of the invention
- the body-worn electrode device of the present invention includes an electrode to be worn on a body surface, and wiring connected to the electrode. At least a part of the wiring includes a base film having a cleavage inducing portion, and a circuit formed on one surface of the base film so as to bypass the cleavage inducing portion. By cleaving the cleavage inducing portion, the wiring and, consequently, the circuit can be extended.
- the user cleaves the base film by the cleavage guiding portion by a necessary amount according to the body shape, thereby forming a circuit formed around the cleavage guiding portion. c and it becomes possible to extend only to the electrode length in the direction required, the portion that is not cleaved because the circuit is held on the substrate Fi Lum while still bypassing the cleavage-inducing portion, unnecessary wiring Less sagging, longer user time It is possible to reduce discomfort when mounting and noise caused by slack of the wiring.
- the circuit is formed by printing on a base film, even when a portion that does not cleave is attached to the body, the wiring is not bulky, and in this respect, it is difficult for the user to feel uncomfortable. It will be suitable for time wearing.
- the cleavage inducing section is formed so that the base film can be cleaved by hand, even after the body mounting electrode device is mounted on the body, the user can perform wiring to reduce discomfort. This has the effect of finely adjusting the length of the image.
- the above-described base film and circuit can be provided on a predetermined flexible member.
- This flexible member can also be provided with a cleavage inducing portion, similarly to the base film.
- the cleavage guiding portion of the flexible member is formed along the cleavage guiding portion of the base film, in other words, the cleavage guiding portion of the flexible member and the cleavage guiding portion of the base film are formed so as to overlap each other.
- the flexible member when the circuit is extended, the flexible member is stretched in a state where the flexible member is stretched in the same width as the base film or wider than the base film by 1 O mm or less on one side.
- the wiring can be configured as it can be attached.
- the flexible member refers to a member that is more flexible than the base film, that is, a member having a small elastic coefficient.
- the body-worn electrode device having such a configuration, the user's discomfort can be further reduced. That is, as the base film, a relatively hard material is often used to protect the printed circuit, but the body-worn electrode device is often worn on the skin via a flexible member. It can reduce skin irritation. In addition, even when the wiring is twisted, the edge of the base film is less likely to come into contact with the skin, thereby reducing discomfort for the user.
- Another (second) flexible member can be laminated on the front side of the base film, that is, on the electrode. Under this configuration, two flexible members are arranged on the outermost surface of the wiring. According to such a configuration, even when the wiring is turned upside down, the base film does not come into direct contact with the skin, thereby further reducing the sense of difference.
- circuit segment of the above-described circuit can be formed substantially parallel to each other at a position facing the cleavage inducing portion.
- the base film and the flexible member when manufacturing the body-worn electrode device, can be used efficiently, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the part that cannot be extended is made compact, so that it has the effect that it is not easily disturbed when it is attached.
- the circuit that bypasses the cleavage inducing section may be formed within a range of an aspect ratio of 2 or less. According to such a configuration, similarly to the above, it is possible to reduce the cost by efficiently using the base film and the like, and to reduce the sense of incongruity due to the compactness.
- an electrode substrate film is provided on the surface of the electrode, and the entire width of the substrate film constituting a part of the wiring is within a range of 0.8 to 1.5 with respect to the entire width of the electrode substrate film.
- the total width of the base film and the base film for an electrode refers to a width orthogonal to the direction in which the circuit extends.
- the film material is efficiently used. It can be used to reduce manufacturing costs.
- a perforated break line may be used as the cleavage inducing portion.
- the cleavage inducing portion is a perforated break line, the user can easily recognize the mechanism visually or the like, and the usability is further improved. Also, the manufacture of the body-worn electrode device becomes easy.
- the breaking strength of the perforated breaking line can be set to 0.2 or more and 5.0 or less per perforation. According to such a configuration, the user can easily cleave the cleavage guiding portion by hand, and further, it is possible to prevent the cleavage guiding portion from being erroneously broken after the attachment.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the body-worn electrode device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the configuration of the circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the body-worn electrode device of the embodiment is worn.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the base film and the flexible member in the extended circuit.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show a conventional electrode device configured so that the distance between the electrodes can be adjusted.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a use state
- FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a part of the electrode device.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the body-worn electrode device 10 according to the present invention.
- the body-worn electrode device 10 of the present embodiment includes a first electrode 1 attached to the center of the chest, a second electrode 2 attached to the upper part of the chest, and a third electrode attached to the left flank. 3, an earth electrode 4, and four wires 5 connected to these electrodes.
- the mounting positions of the first electrode 1, the second electrode 2, and the third electrode 3 are not strictly limited.
- Each electrode is attached to each part of the body according to the needs of the measurement.
- the leading end 5a of the wiring connected to each electrode is integrated at one location below the first electrode, for example, so that it can be connected to a terminal (not shown) extending from a portable electrocardiogram recording device. Is configured.
- the L-electrode 1 and the ground electrode 4, and the leading end 5 a of the wiring are fixed to the same electrode base film 7 and nonwoven fabric 8, and are insulated from each other. It is constituted integrally in the state where it was.
- the length of the wiring 5 is extended between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 and between the first electrode 1 and the third electrode 3 so that a user (patient, etc.)
- a length adjuster 5b that can adjust the distance between the electrodes according to the body shape is provided.
- the length adjusting section 5b includes a base film 11 and a nonwoven fabric 12 forming a flexible member, and a circuit 14 formed by printing a conductive material on the base film 11. Have been.
- Circuit 14 on Base Film 14 Various IJ methods can be used-printing methods used for manufacturing various circuits such as integrated circuits and flexible circuits can be applied.
- the method for forming the circuit 14 is not limited to printing, and various methods used for circuit formation, such as a vapor deposition method and a plating method, can be used.
- the base film 11 and the nonwoven fabric 12 are formed with perforated break lines 13 that can be easily cleaved with a fingertip, and the circuit 14 has a shape that bypasses the break line 13. Is formed.
- the perforated break line 13 constitutes a cleavage induction part.
- the break line 13 can be simultaneously formed on both the nonwoven fabric 12 and the base film 11 using a rotary force cutter or the like.
- the break line of the nonwoven fabric 12 is formed so as to overlap the break line of the base film 11.
- the “cleavage inducing portion” refers to a portion of the wiring 5, particularly the length adjusting portion 5b, which has been subjected to a predetermined processing, which can be torn solely by a human hand. More specifically, in the length adjusting portion 5b of the wiring 5 connected to the second electrode 2, the base film 11 and the nonwoven fabric 12 have perforated break lines 13 parallel to each other in the left-right direction. Three are alternately formed on each other, for a total of six.
- the circuit 14 is printed meandering left and right so as to bypass such a perforated break line 13.
- the circuit 14 has an aspect ratio of approximately 1: 1.5, and a straight line extending in the entire width direction of the base film (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) sandwiches the breaking line 13.
- the circuit 14 is printed so as to meander up and down so as to bypass such a perforated broken line 13.
- the circuit 14 has a length ratio of about 1: 1 and a straight line extending in the entire width direction of the base film (vertical direction in FIG. 1). They are formed so as to be parallel to each other at the position.
- the circuit 14 has a length adjusting unit 5b including a number of segments.
- the “segment” corresponds to a section between one turn in the circuit 14 and the next turn. And two segments are arranged in parallel on both sides of the breaking line 13.
- the length adjusting portion 5 b is about several mm wider than the width of the elongated circuit 14.
- the wide base film 11 and the nonwoven fabric 12 are configured to accompany the circuit 14.
- the total width of the base film 11 constituting the length adjusting portion 5b is preferably within a range of 0.8 to 1.5 with respect to the total width of the base film 7 for an electrode. Is configured to be about 0.83 on the second electrode side and about 1.1 on the third electrode side.
- the perforated breaking line 13 formed in the base film 11 preferably has a breaking strength of 0.2 to 5.0 (one per NZ perforation) for breaking one scale of the perforation. Hit).
- the breaking strength referred to here is the value obtained when a perforation is grabbed up and down from the breaking direction and pulled at a tensile speed of 30 Omm / min in a Tensilon type tensile test according to JISZ 0237. This is the value measured as the maximum value.
- An electromagnetic wave shielding layer may be laminated on the circuit 14 formed by the printing in order to block high-frequency noise and the like. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the cross-sectional structure of the wiring 5 is such that a pair of insulating layers 21 are laminated above and below the circuit 14 with the circuit 14 as the center, A pair of electromagnetic wave shielding layers 22 (conductive layers) are laminated on the upper and lower sides of 21, and a base film 11 and a nonwoven fabric 12 are laminated so as to cover them.
- another nonwoven fabric (second flexible member) 12 can be laminated on the front side of the upper substrate film 11, and in this configuration, the two nonwoven fabrics are arranged on the outermost surface of the wiring. Will be. According to such a configuration, even when the wiring is turned upside down, the base film does not come into direct contact with the skin, so that a sense of discomfort is reduced. It should be noted that a pressure-sensitive adhesive (pressure-sensitive adhesive) or an adhesive can be used for adhesion between the layers as necessary.
- a mixture of a conductive powder such as a mixture of silver and silver chloride with a resin and a solvent can be suitably used.
- the insulating layer 21 various resins, rubbers, ceramics, and the like can be used.
- polyimide-based resins and the like can be suitably used from the viewpoint of excellent insulating properties and flexibility.
- the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 22 for example, a material formed by mixing a conductive powder such as black carbon black with a resin and a solvent and printing the mixture can be suitably used.
- a material formed by mixing a conductive powder such as black carbon black with a resin and a solvent and printing the mixture can be suitably used.
- various plastic films such as PET films can be used.
- the nonwoven fabrics 8 and 12 to be laminated on the back side of the circuit for example, those made of fibers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester can be used.
- each electrode is provided with an electrode base film 7 on the outermost layer (front side), and electrode terminals are arranged on the back side (ie, skin side) of the electrode base film. It is.
- a non-woven fabric 8 punched into a donut as a flexible member is laminated on the electrode substrate film 7 via a double-sided tape. Further, the nonwoven fabric 8 has a single layer of an adhesive layer for sticking to the skin, and further has a single layer of a release film 9 covering the adhesive layer until it is used.
- an electrode plate made of the same conductive material as the circuit, and a conductive skin adhesive between the electrode plate and the skin (that is, the center of the donut-shaped nonwoven fabric 8).
- a conductive skin adhesive member for example, water, glycerin, or a material in which an electrolyte is made into a gel with a water-soluble polymer can be suitably used.
- the body-worn electrode device 10 When using the body-worn electrode device 10 having such a configuration, first, the first electrode 1 and the ground electrode 4 are attached to the center of the chest (above the groove), and then the second electrode 2 is attached. Cut the base film 11 etc. with perforated breaking lines 13 so that the third electrode 3 is near the left flank above the chest and adjust the length of each circuit 14 . Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the body-worn electrode device 10 is mounted on the chest of the user by attaching the electrodes to predetermined positions.
- the body mounting electrode device having such a configuration, since the circuit can be extended as necessary, it is possible to mount the electrode at an accurate position according to the height and waist of the user. .
- the circuit can be extended by a necessary length, the circuit can be prevented from being unnecessarily sagged, and the feeling of discomfort is reduced even when the user wears the circuit for a long time. Furthermore, since the perforated break line can easily cleave the base film or the like with a finger, the circuit length can be reduced even when the user feels cramped during use. It will be easy to adjust. In addition, since the perforated cut lines can be easily formed, the manufacturing cost of the body-worn electrode device can be reduced.
- the entire width of the base film 11 constituting the length adjusting portion 5b is configured to be in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 with respect to the entire width of the electrode base film 7. Therefore, when the substrate film and the electrode substrate film are cut from the same film material and manufactured, the film material can be effectively used, and the manufacturing cost of the body-worn electrode device is further increased. Can be reduced.
- the body-worn electrode device of this embodiment has three measurement electrodes in an L-shape in plan view, one ground electrode, and the tip of the wiring arranged at the approximate center of the chest. Although illustrated, the present invention is not limited to the number of such electrodes, their arrangement, and the like.
- the circuit extending upward is formed by forming perforated break lines alternately from the left and right, and meandering in the left and right directions so as to bypass the perforated break line.
- a circuit extending in the horizontal direction is provided with a perforated break line formed alternately from above and below, and a circuit meandering upward and downward so as to bypass the perforated break line.
- the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.
- a circuit extending vertically may also be provided with a circuit that alternately forms a perforated break line from the top and bottom and that meanders in the direction of the top so as to bypass this.
- the shape of the circuit is not limited to the meandering shape as in the above-described embodiment, and a circuit formed in an arbitrary shape such as a zigzag shape, an arc shape, and a spiral shape can be adopted.
- a perforated break line is employed as the cleavage inducing portion, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.
- the cleavage inducing portion for example, a structure in which a strip is attached to a base film or the like along a site to be cleaved and the base film can be cut by peeling the strip. It may be.
- a nonwoven fabric is used as the flexible member.
- a soft film material such as a foamed olefin-based film, a chloride chloride film, and a polyurethane finolem may be used.
- the base film and the nonwoven fabric (soft member) on the back side that is, the skin side
- the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, flexible members of the same type or different types can be further laminated on the front side of the base film, and these flexible members can have any dimensions.
- the flexible member when configured to be the same width as the base film or wider than the base film, it is possible to more reliably prevent contact between the base film and the skin in the extended circuit. It is possible to further reduce the feeling of discomfort at the time of mounting.
- the cleavage inducing section since the width of the base film must be smaller than that of the flexible member, the cleavage inducing section may be formed of a flexible member.
- the electrode mounting position of an electrode which can adjust the mounting position of an electrode easily and accurately according to a user's body shape, and has a little uncomfortable feeling even if a user wears for a long time is provided. You.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/577,959 US20070299471A1 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2004-11-02 | Body-Worn Electrode Apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003374937A JP2005137456A (ja) | 2003-11-04 | 2003-11-04 | 身体装着用電極装置 |
JP2003-374937 | 2003-11-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005041768A1 true WO2005041768A1 (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
Family
ID=34544234
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/016618 WO2005041768A1 (ja) | 2003-11-04 | 2004-11-02 | 身体装着用電極装置 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070299471A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005137456A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005041768A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
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GB2487758A (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2012-08-08 | Isansys Lifecare Ltd | Health monitoring electrode assembly |
JP2014502899A (ja) * | 2011-01-03 | 2014-02-06 | ラング,レオン. | 印刷された保護(シールド)供給ラインを備えた医療用電極 |
JP2018042686A (ja) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 電極シート |
Families Citing this family (25)
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ITMI20080526A1 (it) | 2008-03-28 | 2009-09-29 | Walter Rossetti | Complesso di elettrodi per elettrocardiogramma |
JP2011523863A (ja) * | 2008-05-23 | 2011-08-25 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | センサ、アクチュエータ、又は電気部品を担持するように適合された基板層 |
AT11953U1 (de) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-08-15 | Muw Forschungsservice Und Beteiligungs Gmbh | Elektromedizinisches gerät |
JP5740484B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2015-06-24 | カーディオインサイト テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | 多層センサー装置 |
US9615790B2 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2017-04-11 | Verathon Inc. | Sensor device with flexible joints |
IN2014MN00916A (ja) * | 2011-10-19 | 2015-04-17 | Neuro Resource Group Inc | |
JP5727359B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-06-03 | 株式会社アイ・メデックス | 生体電極、及び層間の電気的な接続構造 |
JP6027774B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-31 | 2016-11-16 | フクダ電子株式会社 | 生体情報取得用電極 |
JP6181356B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-28 | 2017-08-16 | 株式会社アイ・メデックス | 生体電極用パッド |
JP6006043B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-28 | 2016-10-12 | 帝国通信工業株式会社 | 保護層付き生体用フレキシブル回路基板 |
JP6090562B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-25 | 2017-03-08 | Tdk株式会社 | 生体電極 |
US9101046B2 (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2015-08-04 | Mediguide Ltd. | Shielded twisted pair of conductors using conductive ink |
CA2906860A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Peerbridge Health, Inc. | System and method for monitoring and diagnosing patient condition based on wireless sensor monitoring data |
CA2844379A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-15 | Covidien Lp | Reduced motion artifact electrode |
JP6780828B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-16 | 2020-11-04 | ロサンゼルス バイオメディカル リサーチ インスティテュート アット ハーバー− ユーシーエルエー メディカル センター | 心電図を行う為のシステムおよび方法 |
US11471107B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2022-10-18 | Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute At Harbor-Ucla Medical Center | Systems and methods for performing an electrocardiogram |
JP6235089B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-11-22 | 帝国通信工業株式会社 | 保護層付き生体用フレキシブル回路基板 |
JP2018134397A (ja) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-30 | 有限会社 山本縫製工場 | 生体情報測定用ベルトおよび生体情報測定装置 |
CN108992064A (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-14 | 美商宇心生医股份有限公司 | 心电图电缆电极模块 |
JP6532925B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-06-19 | 帝国通信工業株式会社 | 保護層付き生体用フレキシブル回路基板 |
US11278243B2 (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2022-03-22 | General Electric Company | Repositionable surface electrodes |
WO2020095833A1 (ja) | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | 積水ポリマテック株式会社 | 伸縮配線部材 |
CN113301848B (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2024-04-09 | 大塚制药株式会社 | 弹性可穿戴传感器 |
US11786178B2 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2023-10-17 | Bittium Biosignals Oy | Electrode structure of bio-signal measurement and electrode system |
CN110859618B (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-07-07 | 深圳市璞瑞达薄膜开关技术有限公司 | 脑电电极贴片及其制备方法、脑电传感器 |
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JP2004033468A (ja) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Fukuda Denshi Co Ltd | 生体電極 |
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US6415169B1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2002-07-02 | General Electric Company | Multiple electrode assembly with extendible electrodes and methods of fabrication and application |
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USD501558S1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-02-01 | Gmp Wireless Medicine, Inc. | Continuous wearable electrode connector assembly for ECG monitoring |
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- 2003-11-04 JP JP2003374937A patent/JP2005137456A/ja active Pending
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2004
- 2004-11-02 US US10/577,959 patent/US20070299471A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-02 WO PCT/JP2004/016618 patent/WO2005041768A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH0251505U (ja) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-11 | ||
JP2004033468A (ja) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Fukuda Denshi Co Ltd | 生体電極 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014502899A (ja) * | 2011-01-03 | 2014-02-06 | ラング,レオン. | 印刷された保護(シールド)供給ラインを備えた医療用電極 |
GB2487758A (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2012-08-08 | Isansys Lifecare Ltd | Health monitoring electrode assembly |
US10327660B2 (en) | 2011-02-03 | 2019-06-25 | Isansys Lifecare Limited | Health monitoring |
JP2018042686A (ja) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 電極シート |
WO2018051717A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 電極シート |
US11786162B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2023-10-17 | Osaka University | Electrode sheet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005137456A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
US20070299471A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
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