WO2005028366A1 - 層状珪酸塩、およびそれを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
層状珪酸塩、およびそれを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005028366A1 WO2005028366A1 PCT/JP2004/013977 JP2004013977W WO2005028366A1 WO 2005028366 A1 WO2005028366 A1 WO 2005028366A1 JP 2004013977 W JP2004013977 W JP 2004013977W WO 2005028366 A1 WO2005028366 A1 WO 2005028366A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/44—Products obtained from layered base-exchange silicates by ion-exchange with organic compounds such as ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium compounds or by intercalation of organic compounds, e.g. organoclay material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ion-exchanged layered silicate, a method for producing the same, a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the layered silicate, a thermoplastic resin, and a resin, and a film comprising the resin composition. More specifically, an ion-exchange device that can be suitably dispersed in a thermoplastic resin composition.
- the present invention relates to a resin composition and a film made of the resin composition.
- Thermoplastic resins such as polyesters are used in various applications by taking advantage of their excellent mechanical properties, moldability, heat resistance, weather resistance, light resistance, chemical resistance, and other properties.
- a composition in which a layered compound is dispersed on a nanoscale in a thermoplastic resin a so-called nanocomposite, has recently attracted attention.
- nanocomposites various properties have been improved, such as high heat resistance, high elasticity, Nada-fuel, and gas barrier performance. (For example, Sumi Nakajo, “The World of Nanocomposites, Industrial Conference, 2000).
- JP 20 0-3-327851 discloses a method for producing a layered inorganic crystal-polymer composite by freeze-drying a swellable layered inorganic crystal and then impregnating with a molten polymer.
- the present invention provides an ion-exchanged layered silicate suitably dispersible in a thermoplastic resin composition, a method for producing the same, a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the layered silicate and a thermoplastic resin, and a resin composition comprising the same. It is an object of the present invention to provide a film that can be used.
- the object and the point j of the present invention are as follows.
- the ion exchange capacity is 50 to 100% compared with the ion exchange capacity by the organic anion, and the specific surface area is 2.5 to 100 m 2 / g. This is achieved by a layered silicate characterized by the following.
- the above object and advantages of the present invention are: secondly, a resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin and the above-mentioned layered silicate, wherein the content of the layered silicate is thermoplastic; This is achieved by a resin composition having an inorganic ash content of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of the resin composition of Example 7.
- FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph of the resin composition of Comparative Example 2. Preferred embodiments of the invention
- the layered silicate used in the present invention is preferably a 2: 1 type in which an octahedral sheet structure including Al, Mg, Li and the like is sandwiched between two SiO 4 tetrahedral sheet structures.
- savonite, hectorite, fluorine hectorite, montmorillonite, bidelite, smectite-based clay formalism such as stevensite, Li-type fluorine tenio Swelling synthetic mica, such as lite, Na-type fluorine theorite, Na-type tetrasilicon fluoromica, Li-type tetrasilicon fluorine mica, permiculite, fluorinated permiculite, haguchi site, swellable my And the like.
- smectite-based clay minerals such as montmorillonite and hectorite, Li-type fluorine teniolite, and Na-type tetrasilicon fluorine mica can be preferably used in terms of cation exchange capacity and the like.
- organic anion a quaternary ion such as phosphonium or ionic ammonium, or a heteroaromatic ion is preferable. More preferably, the organic ion is represented by the following formula (1).
- M is a phosphorus atom and a phosphonium ion, or M is a nitrogen atom and any of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 form a ring. Preferably, they are formed and are heteroaromatic ions.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group of to 30 include an alkyl group and an aromatic group.
- Alkyl groups include: Alkyl groups of up to 18 are preferred; methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecinole, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecinole, n-heptadecyl, and n- Octades is preferred.
- Preferred examples of the aromatic group include a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a benzyl group and a tosyl group. Can. Also, these aromatic groups may have substituents such as methyl, ethyl, fluorine, chlorine, etc. which do not affect their thermal stability. .
- quaternary ammonium in which M is a nitrogen atom examples include tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, triethylbenzylammonium, tetraoctylammonium, and trimethyldecylammonium.
- organic phosphonium in which M is a phosphorus atom examples include tetraethylphosphonium, triethynolbenzinolephosphonium, tetrabutynolephosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, trimethyldecylphosphonium, and trimethyloxide.
- Decylphosphonium trimethylhexadecylphosphonium, trimethyloctadecinolephosphonium, tributinolemethinolephosphonium, tributyldodecylphosphonium, tributyloctadecylphosphonium, trioctylethylphosphonium, Tributylhexadecylphosphonium, methyltriphenylphosphonium.
- the hydrocarbon group containing the above equation (1) is hetero atoms, at least a portion of the hydrocarbon radicals R 1 R 2, R 3 ⁇ Pi 1 4 carbon atoms 1-3 0 described above, the number of carbon atoms It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of 1 to 30 hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbon groups, alkoxy-substituted hydrocarbon groups, phenoxy-substituted hydrocarbon groups, and imide-substituted hydrocarbon groups.
- Phenoxy-substituted carbon dioxide group Imido-substituted hydrocarbon groups:
- pyridine derivatives such as pyridine, methylpyridine, ethynolepyridine, dimethinolepyridine, hydroxypyridine, dimethylaminopyridine, imidazole, methyl
- the organic compound include an imidazole derivative such as imidazole, dimethylimidazole, ethylimidazole, and benzimidazole, and an organic dimion comprising a pyrazole derivative such as pyrazonole, methylvirazole, dimethinorevirazole, ethilbirazole, and benzpyrazole.
- imidazonole derivatives include N-methinoreimidazolinium, N-ylimidazolinium, N-xylimidazolinium, N-octi / reimidazolinium, N-dodecylimidazolinium, N_hexadecylimidazonium
- alkyl-substituted imidazolium such as linium
- hydrocarbon group having a substituent containing a hetero atom include N-substituted imidazolium and alkyl-substituted products thereof.
- organic ion can be used alone or in combination.
- organic anion those having a phosphonium or imidazolym structure are preferable in view of the heat resistance of the layered silicate.
- More preferred organic anion ions include, specifically, quinolephosphonium N-methylinoimidazolidinum such as tetrabutylphosphonium, tetraoctinolephosphonium, tributyldodecylphosphonium, and tributylhexadecylphosphonium; Alkyl-substituted imidazolium, such as alkylimidazolinium, xinoleimidazolinium, octylimidazolinium, o-dodecylimidazonium, xadecylimidazolyum, and some of the alkyl groups Can be exemplified by the following atoms in which is substituted with an imido-substituted hydrocarbon
- the suitable value of a can be changed depending on the combination of the type of the layered silicate or the thermoplastic resin to be dispersed, and! /.
- the layered silicate of the present invention is ion-exchanged by 50 to 100% of the cation exchange capacity of the layered silicate by such an organic ion.
- the cation exchange capacity of the layered silicate can be measured by a conventionally known method, and the ion exchange capacity of the layered silicate used in the present invention is, among the aforementioned layered silicates, 0.2 to 0.2. Those with about 3 me q / g can be suitably used. A cation exchange capacity of 0.2 meq / g or more is advantageous in terms of dispersibility because the introduction rate of organic cations is high. In addition, those having 3 me q / g or less are preferable because the introduction of organic onion is easier. More preferably, the cation exchange capacity is 0.8 to 1.5 me qZ g.
- the cation exchange rate of the layered silicate of the present invention is 50 to: L00%, and the cation exchange rate is 50% or more. Since the introduction rate of organic anion into the layered silicate is high, the dispersibility is low. This is advantageous. A cation exchange rate of 100% or less is advantageous in terms of thermal stability because there is no counter ion of the onium compound used as the raw material.
- the positive ion exchange rate is more preferably from 55 to 99%, further preferably from 60 to 99%.
- the cation exchange rate can be calculated by the following equation (2).
- Cation exchange rate (%) ⁇ Wf / (1 -Wf) ⁇ / (Mo rg / Ms i) X 100 (2)
- W f is the weight loss rate of the layered silicate measured from 120 ° C to 800 ° C at a heating rate of 20 ° C / min by a differential thermobalance
- Morg is the molecular weight of the phosphonium ion
- M si represents the molecular weight per charge in the cation portion of the layered silicate.
- the molecular weight per charge in the cation portion of the layered silicate is a value calculated as the reciprocal of the cation exchange capacity (unit: eq / g) of the layered silicate.
- the presence or absence of the cations that did not participate in the cation exchange for the layered silicate was determined by the conventionally known methods such as X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy. It can be confirmed by measuring the presence or absence of a counter ion.
- the layered silicate of the present invention is measured by a differential thermobalance at a heating rate of 20 ° C. Zn under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature at the time of 5% weight loss is 310 ° C. or more. preferable.
- the temperature at which the weight is reduced by 5% by weight is preferably as high as possible.
- the temperature is preferably 330 ° C. or more, more preferably 330 ° C. or more, in consideration of the structure of the organic ion which gives good dispersibility. Is at least 340 ° C, more preferably at least 350 ° C.
- the layered silicate of the present invention has a specific surface area of 2.5 to 100 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area can be determined by the BET method using nitrogen. By setting the specific surface area to 2.5 m 2 / g or more, the efficiency of dispersion during melt-kneading with the resin is improved, and a thermoplastic resin composed of a layered silicate and a thermoplastic resin that are uniformly dispersed well can be obtained. it can.
- the specific surface area exceeds 100 m 2 / g, fine particles having an excessively large specific surface area are formed, and the bulk density becomes high, which makes it difficult to handle as a powder.
- the specific surface area is more preferably 4 to 8 Om 2 / g, more preferably 5 to 50 m 2 / g.
- a conventionally known method can be used as a method for exchanging the cation of the layered silicate with the organic anion. Specifically, there is a method in which a layered silicate is dispersed in a polar solvent such as water, ethanol, or methanol, and an organic ion is added thereto, or a solution containing the organic ion is added.
- a polar solvent such as water, ethanol, or methanol
- the preferred concentration of the layered silicate in the layered silicate dispersion is 0.1 to 5% by weight. It is. If the concentration is lower than 0.1% by weight, the amount of the whole solution becomes too large, which is not preferable for handling. If it exceeds 5% by weight, the viscosity of the dispersion of the layered silicate is too high, and the cation exchange rate is undesirably reduced.
- the concentration of the layered silicate is more preferably 0.5 to 4.5% by weight, and even more preferably 1 to 4% by weight.
- the temperature during the reaction may be low enough to stir the dispersion of the layered silicate.
- the cation exchange reaction is carried out at about 20 to 80 ° C. Is preferably performed.
- the layered silicate of the present invention is produced by freeze-drying the layered silicate thus exchanged with the organic ion using a medium having a melting point of at least 120 ° C and less than 100 ° C. Is possible.
- the medium used for freeze-drying preferably has a melting point of at least 120. If the melting point of the medium is lower than 120 ° C., the freezing temperature of the medium becomes too low, so that the freezing temperature is lowered and the efficiency of removing the medium may be reduced.
- Preferred media used for lyophilization include water, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, pendinoleanolone, p-dioxane, cresonole, p-xylene, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, and the like. Examples can be given.
- the medium used for lyophilization may be the same as the one used for the dispersion of the cation exchange reaction, or a medium in which the layered silicate after the cation exchange reaction is well dispersed. It does not matter. In particular, in the case of a medium in which the layered silicate is well dispersed, lyophilization can be performed while maintaining the state in which the silicate layer of the layered silicate is peeled off, so that the specific surface area can be greatly increased.
- Freeze-drying is performed by freezing the dispersion consisting of the layered silicate and the medium and then removing the medium under reduced pressure.
- the concentration of the layered silicate in the dispersion at the time of freeze-drying is usually about 0.5 to 70% by weight, and when the solvent is a good solvent, the concentration range is about 0.1 to 50% by weight. Can do things. If the concentration of the layered silicate in the dispersion is too high, gelation is not preferred, which is not preferable. Preferably it is between 0.5% and 30%, most preferably between 1% and 10% by weight.
- the type of freeze-drying is not particularly limited, and is commercially available. Freeze-dried; »can be suitably used.
- good dispersion refers to a form in which a layered silicate is exfoliated and swelled in a good dispersion, which is described in Shomer et al. (C. and Clay Minerals, Vol. 26, 135-138 (1978)). Judgment can be made by TEM measurement using a similar method, or by measuring interlayer distance such as wide-angle X-ray measurement. The degree of good dispersion is preferably such that the interlayer distance of the layered silicate determined by X-ray measurement in the good dispersion is at least 1 nm or more.
- the layered silicate of the present invention can be produced.
- the luster composition of the present invention is a resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin and the above-mentioned layered silicate, wherein the content of the layered silicate is 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin and the inorganic ash content is 100 parts by weight. 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, and an average number of the layered silicate in the thermoplastic resin is from 2 to 8 layers.
- Inorganic components are residues from thermogravimetric analysis up to 800 ° C in air.
- the content as an inorganic component is preferably at least 0.1 part by weight from the viewpoint of exhibiting the effect of adding the layered silicate. Further, the amount is preferably 20 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of performing melt molding of the obtained thermoplastic resin composition. From such a point, the content of the layered silicate is more preferably 0.5 to 12 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 8 parts by weight as an inorganic component with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin. But more preferred.
- the polyester refers to a polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid and / or a derivative thereof and a diol, a polyester composed of a hydroxycarboxylic acid, or a copolymer thereof.
- the dicarboxylic acid component of the polyester is as follows: terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4, 4,1-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 2,2,1-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyletherdicanolevonic acid, 4,4, diphenylmethanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4, diphenyl-carboxylic acid Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as sulphone dicanolevonic acid, 4,4'-diphenylenediisopropylidene dicarbox
- the diols include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycolone, 1,3-propylene glycolone, 1,3-butanediole, 1,4-butanediol, 2,2-dimethylpropanediol, neopentylglycol, 5-pentadiol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediole, 1,10-decanediol 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,3-cyclohexanedimethoxy Aliphatic diols such as methanol, 1,2-cyclohexane dimethanol, trimethylene dalicol, tetramethylene glycolone, pentamethyleneglyconele, octamethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, bisphenol A and ⁇ 2, 2-bis (2, -hydroxyethoxy) Diphenyl) such as propane
- hydroxycarboxylic acids examples include p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ⁇ - (hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-12-naphthoic acid, 7-hydroxy-12-naphthoic acid, and 4'-hydroxy-1-biphenyl.
- Aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids such as rubonic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- polyesters include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene 1,2,6-naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, and poly (ethylene isophthalate-terephthalate) copolymer. And ⁇ -hydroxybenzoic acid-6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid copolymer.
- Polyamides include those obtained by polycondensation of dicarboxylic acid and / or a derivative thereof and diamine, or those composed of aminocanolevonic acid, or These copolymers are referred to.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid component of the polyamide include alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, sepasic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and octadecanedicarboxylic acid, and cycloaliphatic dicanoleconic acids such as 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid.
- Terephthalic acid isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid rubonic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid.
- 4,4'-biphenylenoresic carboxylic acid 2,2 '—Aromatic dicarponic acids such as biphenyldicanoleponic acid, 4,4, diphenyletherdicarboxylic acid, 4,4,1-diphenylmethanedicanoleponic acid, 4,4' diphenylsulfonedicarboxylic acid And so on.
- diamines examples include lunar aliphatic diamines such as butanediamine, pentanediamine, hexanediamine, heptanediamine, nonandiamine and dodecanediamine, aliphatic diamines having a substituent such as trimethyl_1,6-hexanediamine, m-phenylenediamine, and p-diamine.
- aminocarboxylic acids examples include aliphatic aminocarboxylic acids such as 6-aminohexanoic acid and 12-aminododecanoic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, 6-amino-12-naphthoic acid, and 7-amino-2-naphthoic acid.
- aromatic aminocarboxylic acids such as acids. I can get lost.
- preferable polyamides include aliphatic polyamides such as nylon 6, 6, nylon 6, and nylon 12, semi-aromatic polyamides such as polyhexamethylene terephthalamide, polyhexamethylene isophthalamide, and the like. Copolymers and the like can be exemplified.
- Polyimide refers to a polycondensation of tetracarboxylic acid and / or a derivative thereof with diamine, or a material composed of aminodicanoleponic acid, or a copolymer thereof.
- carboxylic acid components include pyromellitic acid, 1,2,3,4-benzenebenzenecarboxylic acid, 2,2,3,3'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,, 3,4 , 1-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, 3,3 ', 4,4,1-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, 3,3,4,4, -biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,2', 3 , 3, -Biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,3 ', 4, -Biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,4,5-Naphthalenetetraforce Norlevonic acid, 1,2,5,6-Naphthalenetetraforce Nolevonic acid
- diamines examples include butanediamine, pentanediamine, hexanediamine, heptandiamine, nonandiamine, dodecanediamine, and other fats.
- Triamine diamine, isophorone diamine, Aliphatic diamines having a substituent such as trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine are mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination.
- the aminodicarboxylic acid include aliphatic aminocarboxylic acids such as 6-aminohexanoic acid and 12-aminododecanoic acid.
- preferable polyimides include paradodecamethylenepyromellitimide, paradenecamethylenepyromellitimide and the like. Further, as commercial products, Ultem (polyetherimide) (trade name) and the like can also be exemplified as preferable ones.
- polycarbonate examples include polycarbonates composed of various bisphenols.
- Bisphenols include bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) pronone, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxy-3-monomethylphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dichloropheninole) propane, 2, 2 _Bis (4-hydroxy-1,3,5-dipromophene) prononone, bis (4-1hydroxyphenophenol) phenylmethane, 4,4 'dihydroxypheninole 1,1,1 m-diisopropiso Bis (4-hydroxyaryl) alkanes such as limezene, 4,4, -dihydroxyphenylenoleyl 9,9-fluorene, and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxypheninole) cyclope Tongue, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyore) To
- Doxydiaryl sulfides such as 4,4, dihydroxydiphenylenolesnorreoxide, 4,4, dihydroxy3,3 'dimethinoresiphenylsnorreoxide, and the like.
- Oxides, dihydroxydiphenylresulfones such as 4,4, dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, 4,4'dihydroxy3,3'dimethy ⁇ / diphenylenolesnorefone, and the like.
- polycarbonate using 2,2-bis (4-hydroxypheninole) propane is preferable in terms of physical properties and cost.
- polyphenylene sulfide examples include those in which an aromatic ring is formed into a polymer with a sulfide bond, and examples thereof include a branched or linear polyphenylene sulfide and a copolymer thereof.
- parahuene-lens noresulfide, metaphenylene sulfide, and their polymers ether copolymers that can be copolymerized with these, snorehon unit, bifeninole unit, naphtinole unit, and substituted phenylenoresnorefundite And a copolymer having trifunctional phenylsulfidunite in the molecule.
- paraffin yield / sulfide is preferred.
- ring-opening polymerization of a norbornene derivative or tetracyclododecene derivative such as a Ticonane ring TOPAS
- a norpolene derivative-derived mono-olefin copolymer such as APEL manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Zeonex, Zeonoa manufactured by Nippon Zeon, or ARTON manufactured by JSR Hydride and the like.
- the resin composition of the present invention is characterized in that the average number of layered silicate layers in the thermoplastic resin is 2 to 8 layers.
- the average number of layered silicates is The distance between layers and the layer thickness can be calculated using the scattering angle and the half width of the scattering peak caused by the scattering between the layers of the layered silicate, and the layer thickness can be determined by the distance between layers. To determine the layer thickness from the half width, use the Scherrer equation of the following equation (3).
- the layered silicate exfoliated into a single layer is not more than 50%, more preferably not more than 30% of the total number of the layered silicate single layer. Is preferred. These quantities can be estimated by using a transmission electron microscope to determine the average quantity ratio.
- the elastic modulus of bending decreases as the layer thickness decreases.
- the average number of layers exceeds 8
- the dispersion of the layered silicate is insufficient, and the effect of improving the physical properties by dispersing the layered silicate is reduced.
- the average number of layers 3 to 7 layers are more preferable, 3.5 to 6 layers are more preferable, and 4 to 5 layers are still more preferable.
- the resin composition of the present invention can be produced by mixing a layered silicate ion-exchanged with the above-mentioned organic anion into a thermoplastic resin.
- a method of mixing the layered silicate with the thermoplastic resin there is a method of melting and kneading the layered silicate with the thermoplastic resin using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, and a method of mixing the thermoplastic resin during the polymerization reaction of the thermoplastic resin.
- the layered silicate is dispersed together with the raw material or polymerization solvent of Can be exemplified.
- Either method can provide a good dispersion, but in order to minimize the thermal history of the ion-exchanged layered silicate, it is preferable to melt-knead the layered silicate together with a thermoplastic resin.
- a method of melting and kneading for example, a method in which powder or granules of a thermoplastic resin and a layered silicate are mixed in advance and then melt-kneaded at once, There is a method of adding layered silicate using equipment such as a feeder and performing melt-kneading.
- the shear rate is preferably 25 OZs or more.
- the shear rate is obtained by the following equation (4).
- extruders such as a single-screw extruder and a twin-screw extruder can be used. If the shear rate at that time is 25 OZs or less, the kneading capacity is insufficient and the dispersibility of the layered silicate in the intended polyester composition becomes insufficient, which is not preferable. More preferably, it is at least 280 / s and still more preferably at least 30 O ⁇ s.
- the temperature at the time of melt-kneading is preferably at least the flow start temperature of the polyester (glass transition temperature for amorphous resin, melting temperature for crystalline resin: 350 ° C or lower), and (flow start temperature + 5) ° C.
- the temperature is preferably from C to 330 ° C, more preferably from (flow starting temperature + 10) ° C to 320 ° C. If the temperature is lower than the flow start temperature, it is not preferable because the melt molding becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the temperature is higher than 350 ° C., the decomposition of the ion-exchanged layered silicate is unfavorable.
- the layered silicate is melt-kneaded together with the thermoplastic resin using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, so that the layered silicate is highly dispersed even in a thermoplastic resin in which the layered silicate is difficult to disperse. It is possible to obtain a highly dispersed composition. For this reason, it is possible to use it suitably for applications where surface properties are a problem, for example, as various molding resin materials such as fibers and films.
- the resin composition of the present invention can be melt-molded according to a conventionally known method.
- the melt molding temperature is preferably at least the flow starting temperature of the thermoplastic resin (glass transition temperature for amorphous resin, melting point for crystalline resin) and not more than 350 ° C, and not less than (flow starting temperature + 5) ° C. 330 ° C. or lower is more preferable, and (flow starting temperature + 10) ° C. or higher and 320 ° C. or lower is further preferable. If the temperature is lower than the flow start temperature, melt molding may be difficult, and if the temperature is higher than 350 ° C, decomposition of the ion-exchanged phyllosilicate may be severe.
- a film can be suitably obtained from the above resin composition comprising the thermoplastic resin, the layered phyllate, and the resin.
- the film of the present invention has high dispersibility of the layered silicate, and is excellent in heat resistance, gas barrier properties, flame retardancy, elasticity, toughness and the like.
- the composition and the thermoplastic resin constituting the film are preferably polyesters, and more preferably polyethylene-12,6-naphthalate.
- the thickness of the film obtained in the present invention is preferably 3 to 50 i.m.
- a high-strength film can be produced even if it is thin (for example, even if the film thickness is 3 to 20 / m).
- a resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin and a layered silicate is melt-molded and stretched.
- a stretching method of the film a method of stretching sequentially or simultaneously in a uniaxial or biaxial direction can be preferably mentioned. More specifically, the stretching temperature is preferably from the glass transition point of the resin composition to the glass transition point + 90 ° C or less, more preferably from the glass transition point to the glass transition point of the resin composition + 70 ° C or less, and still more preferably. Is equal to or higher than the glass transition point and equal to or lower than the glass transition point + 60 ° C. If the stretching temperature is too low or too high, it is difficult and undesirable to produce a uniform film.
- the stretching ratio is preferably 2 times or more and 100 times or less, more preferably 4 times or more and 70 times or less, and still more preferably 6 times or more and 50 times or less.
- thermoplastic resin when the thermoplastic resin is crystalline, it is preferable to promote the crystallization of the resin composition by heat treatment after stretching orientation of the film to fix the thermoplastic resin.
- heat The temperature of the treatment is preferably from the glass transition point of the resin to the melting point. A more suitable temperature is determined in consideration of the crystallization temperature of the obtained film and the physical properties of the obtained film.
- the ion-exchanged layered silicate of the present invention can be suitably dispersed in a thermoplastic resin composition. Further, the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention has a high dispersibility of a layered silicate, is excellent in heat resistance, gas barrier properties, flame retardancy, elasticity, toughness, and the like, and can be used as various molded articles, fibers, and films.
- a thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention has a high dispersibility of a layered silicate, is excellent in heat resistance, gas barrier properties, flame retardancy, elasticity, toughness, and the like, and can be used as various molded articles, fibers, and films.
- Montmorillonite Korean Industries Co., Ltd. Kunipia (sodium exchange capacity: 109 meq v / 100 g) was used, and the interlayer distance was 12.6 A.
- Fluoromaica F (a sodium exchange capacity of 12 Omeq v / 100 g, manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used.
- the interlayer distance was 9.8 A.
- Cation exchange rate The cation exchange rate was determined from the weight loss rate when heated to 800 ° C at 20 ° C / m.in in an air atmosphere using a differential thermal balance TG 8120 manufactured by Rigaku Corporation using the following equation. .
- Wf is the layered silicon measured from 120 ° C to 800 ° C at a heating rate of 20 ° C / m.in.
- the rate of weight loss of the acid salt by a differential thermobalance Morg represents the molecular weight of the phosphonium ion, and Msi represents the molecular weight per charge in the cation portion of the layered phosphate.
- the molecular weight per charge in the positive part of the layered silicate is a value calculated by the reciprocal of the positive ion exchange capacity (unit: e q / g) of the layered silicate. )
- thermoplastic resin in the resin composition Weight ratio of the thermoplastic resin in the resin composition to the inorganic component of the layered silicate:
- Interlayer distance and average number of layered silicates Calculated from the diffraction peak position using a powder X-ray diffractometer RAD-B manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. In addition, the calculation was performed assuming that the value of S ch er r er was 0.9.
- Reduced viscosity ( ⁇ sp / C): The reduced viscosity was measured using a solution of phenol Z tetrachloroethane (weight ratio 4: 6) at a concentration of 1.2 g / dL at a temperature of 35 ° C.
- Example 2 was dissolved in 83 parts by weight of water with 300 parts by weight of water, and the mixture was stirred and further stirred at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. The solid is filtered off from the mixture, washed three times with methanol and three times with water, By freeze-drying, a force-ion exchanged layered silicate was obtained. The ion exchange rate was 92%. The specific surface area of the layered silicate thus obtained was 5.5 mVg. Table 1 below shows the results of Example 1.
- Example 2 '
- Example 3 20 parts by weight of the cation-exchanged layered silicate obtained in Example 1 was dispersed in 400 parts by weight of benzene and freeze-dried. The specific surface area of the layered silicate thus obtained was 8.9 m 2 / g. Table 1 below shows the results of Example 2.
- Example 3 20 parts by weight of the cation-exchanged layered silicate obtained in Example 1 was dispersed in 400 parts by weight of benzene and freeze-dried. The specific surface area of the layered silicate thus obtained was 8.9 m 2 / g. Table 1 below shows the results of Example 2.
- Example 3 20 parts by weight of the cation-exchanged layered silicate obtained in Example 1 was dispersed in 400 parts by weight of benzene and freeze-dried. The specific surface area of the layered silicate thus obtained was 8.9 m 2 / g. Table 1 below shows the results of Example 2.
- Example 3 20 parts by weight of the cation-exchanged layered silicate obtained in Example 1
- Example 4 100 parts by weight of Kunipia F, 300 parts by weight of water, and 500 parts by weight of methanol were placed in a flask, and heated and stirred at 80 ° C. A solution prepared by dissolving 120 parts by weight of N-phthalimidodecamethylene-trioctylphospho-dimethylbromide obtained in Reference Example 3 in 300 parts by weight of methanol was added, and the mixture was further stirred at 80 for 3 hours. The solid was filtered off from the mixture, washed three times with methanol and three times with water, and then freeze-dried to obtain a cation-exchanged layered silicate. The ion exchange rate was 65%. The specific surface area of the layered silicate thus obtained was 5.5 m 2 / g. Table 2 below shows the results of Example 4.
- Example 5 100 parts by weight of Kunipia F, 300 parts by weight of water, and 500 parts by weight of methanol were placed in a flask, and heated and stirred at 80
- Example 6 20 parts by weight of the cation-exchanged layered silicate obtained in Example 4 was dispersed in 400 parts by weight of hexane and freeze-dried.
- the specific surface area of the layered silicate thus obtained was 8.3 m 2 / g. Table 2 below shows the results of Example 5.
- Pellets of poly (ethylene naphthalate) (reduced viscosity of 0.78) and the layered silicate obtained in Example 1 are biaxially kneaded and extruded in a different direction (Labo Plasminore 2D 25S manufactured by Toyo Seiki) ), The mixture was kneaded under the conditions of an extrusion temperature of 280 ° C and a screw rotation speed of 150 rpm, and the mixture was discharged and cooled with water to obtain a strand pellet of the polyester resin composition. The results of the resin composition obtained at this time are shown in Table 3 below. The resin composition was observed with a transmission electron microscope (Fig. 1). As shown, the dispersion of the layered silicate was very high. The layered silicate layer was peeled off.
- Pellets of polycarbonate (L1250, Teijin Chemicals Ltd.) and the layered silicate obtained in Example 6 were extruded using ZSK-25 (WERNER & PFLEIDERER) at a temperature of 280 ° C, a screw rotating speed of 280 rpm, and an extrusion speed. After kneading under the conditions of 10 kg / hour and a shear rate of 1800 / sec, the mixture was discharged and cooled with water to obtain a strand pellet of the polyester resin composition. The results of the resin composition obtained at this time are shown in Table 4 below. Table 3
- a layered silicate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the freeze-drying was changed to vacuum drying at 150 ° C.
- the specific surface area of the product was measured and found to be 1.70 m 2 / g. Comparative Example 2
- Pellets of poly (ethylene naphthalate) (reduced viscosity 0.78) and the layered silicate obtained in Comparative Example 1 were mixed with a bidirectional kneading extruder (Labo Plastmill 2D 25S, manufactured by Toyo Seiki). After kneading under the conditions of an extrusion temperature of 280 ° C. and a screw rotation speed of 150 rpm, the mixture was discharged and cooled with water to obtain strand pellets of the polyester resin composition. The obtained pellet was observed with a transmission electron microscope (Fig. 2). The dispersibility of the layered silicate also decreased.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2005514119A JP4512039B2 (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-16 | 層状珪酸塩、およびそれを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物 |
EP04788134A EP1702887A4 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-16 | PHYLLOSILICATE AND THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION CONTAINING THEREOF |
US10/572,677 US7759420B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-16 | Layered silicate and thermoplastic resin composition containing it |
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JP2003-325672 | 2003-09-18 | ||
JP2003325672 | 2003-09-18 |
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PCT/JP2004/013977 WO2005028366A1 (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-16 | 層状珪酸塩、およびそれを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物 |
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US (1) | US7759420B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1702887A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4512039B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060069860A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100475696C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200517441A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005028366A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2006328210A (ja) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Teijin Ltd | ポリエステル樹脂組成物および成形体 |
JP2009541186A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2009-11-26 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | ナノコンポジットポリマーを作るのに有用な組成物 |
JP2011001454A (ja) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-01-06 | Teijin Chem Ltd | ポリカーボネート組成物およびその成形品 |
JP2011063723A (ja) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-31 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | ポリカーボネート系複合材料、その製造方法および成形体 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20110155309A1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2011-06-30 | Basf Se | Method for manufacturing flat molded members or films |
DE102010033029A1 (de) * | 2010-08-02 | 2012-02-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochtemperaturstabile Schichtsilikate mit erhöhter Schichtaufweitung |
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JPH09309720A (ja) * | 1996-03-21 | 1997-12-02 | Kao Corp | 有機変性層状珪酸塩及び永久帯電防止性樹脂組成物 |
JP2003095640A (ja) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-03 | Teijin Ltd | 粘土有機複合体 |
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GB1213122A (en) | 1966-09-12 | 1970-11-18 | Laporte Industries Ltd | Clays |
US4568687A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1986-02-04 | American Cyanamid Company | N-[2-4-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)alkyl]-arylamides and pharmaceutical compositions |
US4684654A (en) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-08-04 | American Cyanamid Company | 3-heteroalkyl-2,4-quinzaolinediones |
US5587084A (en) | 1995-02-07 | 1996-12-24 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Method of removing organic contaminants from air and water with organophilic, quaternary phosphonium ion-exchanged smectite clays |
JP3550878B2 (ja) | 1995-05-31 | 2004-08-04 | 東レ株式会社 | ポリエステル複合材料およびその製造方法 |
EP0787767A1 (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-06 | Kao Corporation | Process for antistatic treatment of resin and antistatic resin composition |
JP2001261947A (ja) | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-26 | Toray Ind Inc | ポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
US6737464B1 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2004-05-18 | University Of South Carolina Research Foundation | Polymer nanocomposite comprising a matrix polymer and a layered clay material having a low quartz content |
JP2003327851A (ja) | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-19 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 層状無機結晶体−ポリマー複合体の製造方法 |
AU2003266507A1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-04-30 | Teijin Limited | Thermoplastic film, thermoplastic resin composition, and phyllosilicate |
-
2004
- 2004-09-16 EP EP04788134A patent/EP1702887A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-16 WO PCT/JP2004/013977 patent/WO2005028366A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-09-16 JP JP2005514119A patent/JP4512039B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-16 US US10/572,677 patent/US7759420B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-16 KR KR1020067005130A patent/KR20060069860A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-16 TW TW093128037A patent/TW200517441A/zh unknown
- 2004-09-16 CN CNB200480033564XA patent/CN100475696C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH09309720A (ja) * | 1996-03-21 | 1997-12-02 | Kao Corp | 有機変性層状珪酸塩及び永久帯電防止性樹脂組成物 |
JP2003095640A (ja) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-03 | Teijin Ltd | 粘土有機複合体 |
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See also references of EP1702887A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006328210A (ja) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Teijin Ltd | ポリエステル樹脂組成物および成形体 |
JP2009541186A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2009-11-26 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | ナノコンポジットポリマーを作るのに有用な組成物 |
JP2011001454A (ja) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-01-06 | Teijin Chem Ltd | ポリカーボネート組成物およびその成形品 |
JP2011063723A (ja) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-31 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | ポリカーボネート系複合材料、その製造方法および成形体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1702887A1 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
CN100475696C (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
US7759420B2 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
JPWO2005028366A1 (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
US20070106004A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
CN1882506A (zh) | 2006-12-20 |
JP4512039B2 (ja) | 2010-07-28 |
EP1702887A4 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
KR20060069860A (ko) | 2006-06-22 |
TW200517441A (en) | 2005-06-01 |
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