WO2005023753A1 - Procede de preparation de chlorhydrate de memantine - Google Patents

Procede de preparation de chlorhydrate de memantine Download PDF

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WO2005023753A1
WO2005023753A1 PCT/CN2003/001094 CN0301094W WO2005023753A1 WO 2005023753 A1 WO2005023753 A1 WO 2005023753A1 CN 0301094 W CN0301094 W CN 0301094W WO 2005023753 A1 WO2005023753 A1 WO 2005023753A1
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acid
formic acid
urea
memantine hydrochloride
reaction
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PCT/CN2003/001094
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Fuli Zhang
Meng Hu
Lizhi Zhao
Mengya Ge
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Shanghai Institute Of Pharmaceutical Industry
Zhejiang Kangyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Shanghai Institute Of Pharmaceutical Industry, Zhejiang Kangyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. filed Critical Shanghai Institute Of Pharmaceutical Industry
Priority to AT03785457T priority Critical patent/ATE519731T1/de
Priority to AU2003296199A priority patent/AU2003296199A1/en
Priority to EP03785457A priority patent/EP1674446B1/en
Priority to US10/575,948 priority patent/US7355080B2/en
Publication of WO2005023753A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005023753A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C209/00Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C209/04Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
    • C07C209/06Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
    • C07C209/08Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for synthesizing memantine hydrochloride, a drug for treating moderate to severe Alzheimer's desease (AD). Background technique
  • Memantine hydrochloride is an old drug that was marketed by Merz in Germany in 1982. It is still used as a treatment for Parkinson's disease, central tonic disease and dementia syndrome under the trade name Akatinol in a few countries such as Germany. Later, it was discovered that memantine hydrochloride has the action mechanism of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists, and it has gradually attracted clinical and market attention. At present, memantine hydrochloride has been approved by the European Union as an effective drug for the treatment of moderate to severe AD, and it has become the first effective drug to be officially approved so far for the treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. The US has also completed a phase III clinical trial and has filed a new drug application with the FDA.
  • memantine hydrochloride will occupy an important position in the treatment of dementia.
  • it also has deep potential for use as a therapeutic drug for moderate to severe vascular dementia, and there is currently no effective clinical option in this field, so it is an important drug with great clinical value and strong market potential.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,391,142 is brominated with 1,3-dimethyladamantane to give 1-bromo-3,5-dimethyladamantine, and then subjected to acetamidation under the action of acetonitrile and concentrated sulfuric acid, extracted with benzene and dried , Concentrated to obtain 1-acetylamino-3,5-dimethyladamantine, and then alcoholysis with sodium hydroxide and diethylene glycol, benzene extraction, and concentrated to obtain crude memantine, and then hydrochloric acid to form a salt, ethanol / ether Memantine hydrochloride was prepared by recrystallization and purification.
  • This method uses acetonitrile, benzene, ether and other reagents that are harmful to the environment and the human body during the acetylamidation and recrystallization process.
  • the acetyl group is difficult to hydrolyze and has many by-products. The color is very dark, and the purity of the product is difficult to meet the pharmaceutical standards, so it needs to be improved.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,122,193 uses 1-chloro-3,5-dimethyladamantine as a raw material, and reacts with urea at 220 in a sealed tube. After the reaction is completed, the reaction mixture is lumped, and the solid is pulverized and adjusted to porridge with water. After acidification treatment, adjust the pH to 3 ⁇ 5, extract with ether to remove impurities, adjust the pH of the aqueous layer to 12-13, and combine the organic layers after multiple extractions with ether. After drying, pass the hydrogen chloride gas to form a salt to obtain memantine hydrochloride. In this method, the tube is sealed and the reaction temperature is high. The reaction product is easy to agglomerate, and it is difficult to realize industrial production. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to disclose a new method for preparing memantine hydrochloride to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a process that is more favorable for industrial operation.
  • 1-bromo-3,5-dimethyladamantane and urea / formic acid are used for the amination reaction.
  • Formic acid is used as a solvent, and then hydrolyzed with an inorganic acid aqueous solution. After alkalization, the solvent is reacted with hydrochloric acid to form a salt. The target product memantine hydrochloride was then collected from the reaction product.
  • the specific preparation method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the salt can be recrystallized by using a recrystallizing solvent to obtain the hydrochloride
  • the molar ratio of 1-bromo-3,5-dimethyladamantane to urea and formic acid is preferably 1: 2-5: 5-10, and the reaction temperature is preferably 60-150 ° C.
  • the inorganic acid includes one of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid and a mixture thereof.
  • the inorganic base includes one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof.
  • the organic solvent for extraction includes one of hydrocarbons, esters or ethers, and mixtures thereof.
  • the hydrocarbons include benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, hexane or petroleum ether; the esters include ethyl acetate or butyl acetate;
  • the ethers include ether or isopropyl ether
  • Recrystallization solvents are preferably alcohols (such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, tert-butanol), ketones (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), and water, and also include mixtures of the above solvents.
  • alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, tert-butanol
  • ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone
  • water and also include mixtures of the above solvents.
  • the invention adopts a new preparation method, uses cheap and readily available raw materials, the reaction is performed under homogeneous conditions, mild conditions, simple post-treatment, high reaction yield, and good product purity.
  • the preparation method is easy to achieve large-scale production.
  • the present invention is improved on the basis of the literature. Formic acid is added to a mixture of 1-bromo-3,5-dimethyladamantane and urea to make it react without sealing the tube. The reaction is at a lower temperature. It can be carried out, and the reactants are homogeneous and non-caking, which is convenient for post-processing, overcomes a major difficulty in industrialized production, and creates favorable conditions for large-scale production.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
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Description

一种新的盐酸美金刚制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及到治疗中至重度阿尔茨海默氏病 (Alzheimer's desease, AD) 药盐酸美金刚的合成方法。 背景技术
盐酸美金刚是德国 Merz公司于 1982年就已上市的一个老药, 现在仍 在德国等少数国家以商品名 Akatinol用作帕金森氏病、 中枢性强直症和痴 呆综合症治疗药物。 而后发现盐酸美金刚具有 N-甲基 -D-天冬氨酸盐受体 掊抗剂的作用机制, 又逐渐引起临床和市场的重视。 目前盐酸美金刚被欧 盟批准为治疗中至重度 AD 的有效药物, 成为迄今为止正式获准可以治疗 中至重度阿尔茨海默氏病的第一个有效药物。 美国也已完成 III期临床已向 FDA提出新药申请。 鉴于中度至重度 AD目前尚无任何有效治疗药物, 因 此盐酸美金刚将在痴呆治疗领域占有重要地位。 同时其也具有用作中至重 度血管性痴呆症治疗药物的深厚潜力, 而此领域目前同样没有有效的临床 选择, 故它是一个极具临床价值并且市场潜力深厚的重要药物。
关于盐酸美金刚的合成, 文献报道主要有两种方法: 美国专利 US3391142采用乙腈 /浓硫酸法, 美国专利 US4122193采用尿素法。
美国专利 US3391142以 1,3-二甲基金刚烷经溴化得 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金 刚垸, 再在乙腈和浓硫酸的作用下进行乙酰氨基化, 经苯提取、 干燥、 浓 缩得到 1一乙酰氨基一 3, 5—二甲基金刚垸, 再用氢氧化钠和二甘醇进行 醇解、 苯提取、 浓缩得到美金刚胺粗品, 再经盐酸成盐、 乙醇 /乙醚重结晶 纯化制得盐酸美金刚。
该方法乙酰氨基化和重结晶过程中使用了乙腈、 苯、 乙醚等对环境及 人体有较大危害的试剂; 乙酰基水解困难, 副产物多, 长时间反应产物颜 色很深, 产物纯度难以达到药用标准, 故需改进。
美国专利 US4122193以 1-氯 -3,5-二甲基金刚垸为原料, 在封管中与尿 素在 220 反应, 反应结束后反应混合物结为一块, 将该固体磨粉后, 用 水调成粥状再酸化处理, 调 pH至 3~5, 乙醚提取除杂, 水层碱化调 pH至 12— 13, 乙醚多次提取后合并有机层, 干燥后通氯化氢气体成盐, 获得盐 酸美金刚。 该方法反应采用封管且反应温度高, 反应产物易结块, 难以实 现工业化生产。 发明内容
本发明需要解决的技术问题是公开一种新的盐酸美金刚制备方法, 以 克服现有技术存在上述缺陷, 提供更有利于工业化操作的工艺。
本发明的技术构思是这样的:
本发明以 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金刚烷和尿素 /甲酸进行胺化反应, 甲酸兼做 溶剂, 再用无机酸水溶液水解, 碱化后用溶剂萃取后与盐酸反应成盐, 然 后从反应产物中收集目标产物盐酸美金刚。
本发明具体制备方法包括如下步骤:
将 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金刚烷和尿素及甲酸按摩尔比 1: 0.5~10: 1-15 在 50-180°C下反应 0.25-5小时,反应结束后加入无机酸及其水溶液,在 pH= l〜3 的条件下, 50-100°C水解 0.5-5 小时, 用无机碱及其水溶液调反应液至碱 性, 最好为 pH= 10-14, 经有机溶剂萃取, 萃取物与盐酸反应成盐, 然后 从反应产物中收集目标产物盐酸美金刚, 收率可达到 69.5%以上, 产品纯 度超过 99.0%。
按照本发明, 可采用重结晶溶剂对所说的盐进行重结晶, 获得盐酸美 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金刚烷和尿素及甲酸的摩尔比优选为 1: 2-5: 5-10, 反 应温度优选 60-150°C。
所说的无机酸包括盐酸、 氢溴酸、 硫酸或磷酸中的一种及其混合物。 所说的无机碱包括氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 碳酸钠、 碳酸钾、 碳酸氢钠 或碳酸氢钾中的一种及其混合物。
萃取用的有机溶剂包括烃类、 酯类或醚类中的一种及其混合物。
所说的烃类包括苯、 甲苯、 二甲苯、 环己烷、 己烷或石油醚等; 所说的酯类包括乙酸乙酯或乙酸丁酯等;
所说的醚类包括乙醚或异丙醚等;
重结晶溶剂优先选择醇类 (诸如甲醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 异丙醇、 丁醇、 叔丁醇), 酮类 (诸如丙酮、 丁酮), 水, 也包括上述溶剂的混合物。
本发明采用了一条新的制备方法, 使用价廉易得的原料, 反应在均相 条件下进行, 条件温和, 后处理简单, 反应收率高, 产品纯度好。 制备方 法易实现规模生产。
采用本发明的方法制备盐酸美金刚具有以下优点:
1.本发明在文献的基础上做了改进, 在 1一溴一 3, 5-二甲基金刚烷和 尿素的混合物中加入甲酸, 使之反应, 不需封管, 反应在较低的温度即可 进行, 且反应物呈均相不结块, 便于后处理, 克服了工业化生产中的一大 难点, 为规模化生产创造了有利条件。
2.胺化反应中由于有甲酸参加, 反应生成的 3, 5-二甲基金刚烷胺以 甲酰胺形式得以保护, 不易氧化, 反应液颜色浅。 反应混合物水解成盐后 得到的盐酸美金刚杂质含量少, 粗品纯度达到 99.0%, 经一次重结晶后产 物纯度可达到 99.98% (见图 1 ), 收率 69.5%, 熔点 332°C (DSC) (文献 为 290— 295°C )。 附图说明 图 1为盐酸美金刚纯品气相色谱图 具体实施方式
实施例 1
将 1-溴 -3, 5-二甲基金刚垸 100g和 86g尿素, 加入 80ml浓度为 80wt% 的甲酸, 加热至 80°C反应 3小时, 冷至室温, 加入 95 1111浓盐酸在80°(水 解 1小时, 加入 30%氢氧化钠调至 pH= 12, 加入甲苯萃取两次后, 合并 有机层水洗, 减压浓缩得黄色透明液体为 1-氨基 -3, 5-二甲基金刚烷粗品。 向其中加入 150ml乙醇, 加入浓盐酸加热溶解后结晶得白色固体, 抽干, 用乙醇重结晶, 得盐酸美金刚纯品 61.0g, 收率 68.8% (GC 99.5% )o 1HNMR(CDC13, 400MHZ): δ 0.833 (6Η, 单峰), 1.156 (2Η, 四重峰) , 1.328 (4Η, 四重峰), 1.683 (4Η, 四重峰), 1.869 (2Η, 宽峰), 2.179 ( 1Η, 宽峰), 8.28 (3Η, 宽峰)
MS (Q-Tofmicro,ESI+): 179(M+), 164, 122, 108, 93, 55
元素分析 (C12H21N.HC1) 实测值(计算值 %): C 66.77 (66.80), H 10.40 ( 10.28), 6.48 (6.49), C1 16.39 ( 16.43)
实施例 2
将 1-溴 -3, 5-二甲基金刚烷 100g和 86g尿素, 加入 72ml浓度为 94wt 的甲酸, 加热至 120°C反应 2小时, 冷至室温, 加入 385 ml重量浓度为 10 %盐酸水溶液在 100°C水解 1小时, 加入 30%液碱调至 pH= 12, 加入乙酸 丁酯萃取两次后, 合并有机层水洗, 减压浓缩得黄色透明液体为 1-氨基 -3, 5-二甲基金刚垸粗品。 向其中加入 150ml 乙醇, 加入浓盐酸加热溶解后结 晶得白色固体, 抽干, 用水重结晶, 得盐酸美金刚纯品 60.4g, 收率 68.1 % (GC 99.1%)。
实施例 3
将 1-溴 -3, 5-二甲基金刚烷 100g和 110g尿素, 加入 60ml无水甲酸, 加热至 150°C反应 1小时, 冷至室温, 加入 95 ml浓盐酸在 100Ό水解 1小 时, 加入 30%液碱调至碱性, 加入甲苯萃取两次后, 合并有机层水洗, 减 压浓缩得黄色透明液体为 1 -氨基 -3, 5-二甲基金刚垸粗品。向其中加入 150ml 乙醇, 加入浓盐酸加热溶解后结晶得白色固体, 抽干, 用丙酮重结晶, 得 盐酸美金刚纯品 61.7g, 收率 69.5% (GC 99.9%) 0
实施例 4
将 1_溴 -3, 5-二甲基金刚垸 100g和 86g尿素,加入 80ml浓度为 80wt %的甲酸, 加热至 80°C反应 3小时,冷至室温,加入 75ml重量浓度为 85% 的磷酸溶液在 80°C水解 1小时, 加入 10%氢氧化钾水溶液调至 pH- 12, 加入甲苯萃取两次后, 合并有机层水洗, 减压浓缩得黄色透明液体为 1-氨 基 -3, 5-二甲基金刚垸粗品。 向其中加入 150ml 乙醇, 加入浓盐酸加热溶 解后结晶得白色固体, 抽干, 用乙醇重结晶, 得盐酸美金刚纯品 61.0g, 收率 68.8% (GC 99.5% )o
1HNMR(CDC13, 400MHZ): δ 0.833 (6H, 单峰), 1.156 (2H, 四重峰) , 1.328 (4H, 四重峰), 1.683 (4H, 四重峰), 1.869 (2H, 宽峰), 2.179 ( 1H, 宽峰), 8.28 (3H, 宽峰)
MS (Q-Tofmicro,ESI+): 179(M+), 164, 122, 108, 93, 55
元素分析(C12H21N.HC1) 实测值(计算值%): C 66.77 (66.80), H 10.40 ( 10.28), N 6.48 (6.49), C1 16.39 ( 16.43 )

Claims

权利要求书
1.一种盐酸美金刚制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括如下步骤:
将 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金刚烷和尿素及甲酸在 50-180°C下反应 0.25-5小时, 反应结束后加入无机酸及其水溶液, 在 pH= 1~3的条件下水解, 用无机碱 及其水溶液调反应液至碱性, 经有机溶剂萃取, 萃取物与盐酸反应成盐, 然后从反应产物中收集目标产物盐酸美金刚。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 尿素-甲酸为胺化反应 试剂, 所说的甲酸包括无水甲酸及甲酸水溶液。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金刚烷 和尿素及甲酸摩尔比为 1: 0.5~10: 1~15。
4.根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 1-溴 -3,5-二甲基金刚烷 和尿素及甲酸的摩尔比为 1 : 2-5 : 5-10, 反应温度为 60-150°C。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 水解温度为 50-100 °C, 时间为 0.5-5小时。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于,所说的无机酸包括盐酸、 氢溴酸、 硫酸或磷酸中的一种及其混合物。
7.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 用无机碱及其水溶液调 反应液至 pH= 10〜14。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所说的无机碱包括氢氧 化钠、 氢氧化钾、 碳酸钠、 碳酸钾、 碳酸氢钠或碳酸氢钾中的一种及其混 合物。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 萃取用的有机溶剂包括 烃类、 酯类或醚类中的一种及其混合物。
10.根据权利要求 1〜9任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 采用重结晶 溶剂对所说的盐进行重结晶, 获得盐酸美金刚, 重结晶溶剂包括醇类、 酮 类或水中的一种及其混合物
PCT/CN2003/001094 2003-09-10 2003-12-19 Procede de preparation de chlorhydrate de memantine WO2005023753A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT03785457T ATE519731T1 (de) 2003-09-10 2003-12-19 Verfahren zur herstellung von memantinhydrochlorid
AU2003296199A AU2003296199A1 (en) 2003-09-10 2003-12-19 A method of preparing memantine hydrochloride
EP03785457A EP1674446B1 (en) 2003-09-10 2003-12-19 A method of preparing memantine hydrochloride
US10/575,948 US7355080B2 (en) 2003-09-10 2003-12-19 Method of preparing memantine hydrochloride

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CN03150892.8 2003-09-10
CNB031508928A CN1240668C (zh) 2003-09-10 2003-09-10 一种新的盐酸美金刚制备方法

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US (1) US7355080B2 (zh)
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SI1836157T1 (sl) * 2005-01-11 2009-12-31 Teva Pharm Fine Chemicals Srl Postopek priprave 1-amino-3,5-dimetiladamantan hidroklorida
EP1908748A1 (en) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-09 Krka Process for the preparation of memantine and its hydrochloric acid salt form
US20090118376A1 (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Ru-Band Lu Memantine Protects Inflammation-Related Degeneration of Dopamine Neurons Through Inhibition of Over-Activated Microglia and Release of Neurotrophic Factors from Astroglia
HRP20090186A2 (hr) 2009-03-31 2010-10-31 Institut Ruđer Bošković Adamantanski bisureidni derivati, metoda priprave i primjena u detekciji aniona
WO2012051333A1 (en) 2010-10-12 2012-04-19 The Johns Hopkins University Antitussive compositions comprising memantine
CN102432473A (zh) * 2011-11-23 2012-05-02 广州博济医药生物技术股份有限公司 一种盐酸美金刚的合成方法
CN103833555B (zh) * 2012-11-23 2016-12-21 上海京新生物医药有限公司 一种盐酸美金刚的制备方法
CN104592039B (zh) * 2013-10-31 2018-09-28 江苏万邦生化医药股份有限公司 制备高纯度盐酸美金刚的方法
CN103664640A (zh) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-26 成都医路康医学技术服务有限公司 盐酸美金刚的制备方法
JP6354701B2 (ja) * 2015-08-19 2018-07-11 大日本印刷株式会社 高純度メマンチン塩酸塩の製造法
CN106966909B (zh) * 2016-09-06 2019-04-12 南京优科制药有限公司 一种盐酸美金刚的纯化方法
CN114767700A (zh) * 2022-06-01 2022-07-22 江苏长泰药业有限公司 盐酸美金刚联合用药在制备激活血管性痴呆海马区bdnf蛋白表达的用途

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CN1240668C (zh) 2006-02-08
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ATE519731T1 (de) 2011-08-15
EP1674446A4 (en) 2009-09-09

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