WO2005021675A1 - Verwendung eines kältegemisches - Google Patents
Verwendung eines kältegemisches Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005021675A1 WO2005021675A1 PCT/EP2004/008772 EP2004008772W WO2005021675A1 WO 2005021675 A1 WO2005021675 A1 WO 2005021675A1 EP 2004008772 W EP2004008772 W EP 2004008772W WO 2005021675 A1 WO2005021675 A1 WO 2005021675A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- refrigerant mixture
- mixture
- air conditioning
- mixture according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/106—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
Definitions
- the invention relates to a refrigerant mixture, in particular a refrigerant for air conditioning systems in motor vehicles and commercial vehicles, preferably in car air conditioning systems.
- halogenated hydrocarbons especially chlorofluorocarbons
- GWP global warming potential
- partially fluorinated hydrocarbons A large number of substances that have no ozone depletion potential are now available in the field of refrigeration technology.
- DE 41 16 274 discloses a refrigerant mixture which contains CO2 and partially fluorinated hydrocarbons such as R 134a (CF3-CH2F) or R 152a (CHF2-CH3). These mixtures are to be used in particular as replacements for the refrigerants R 22 (CHCIF2) and R 502 (an azeotropic mixture of (CHCIF2) (R 22) and C2CIF5 (R 115)).
- WO 00/39242 also describes a cold mixture as a substitute for R 22 (CHCIF2) or R 502 (mixture of CHCIF2 and C2CIF5). This mixture consists of fluoroethane (R 161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R 13 I 1).
- the object of the invention is to provide a refrigerant mixture which can be used as a substitute for R 134a.
- the refrigerant mixture should have a minimal global warming potential, be non-toxic and, if possible, non-flammable.
- the refrigerant mixture according to the invention contains or consists of halogenated hydrocarbons with a GWPioo less than 150 and CO 2
- Halogenated hydrocarbons with a GWP-J QO less than 150 are especially suitable as 1.1.-difluoroethane (R 152a), fluoroethane (R 161) and trifluoroiodomethane, which in combination with CO2 as a substitute for the refrigerant 1.1.1.2-tetrafluoroethane (R 134a) can be used.
- Fluoroethane and difluoroethane are flammable as individual substances, but have a GWP-joo below 150 and are very volatile in the atmosphere. How to find a GWP-
- Trifluoroiodomethane is not flammable, but it is also very unstable in the atmosphere. It was found that the disadvantageous properties of the individual substances can be compensated for by combining the individual substances with CO2 and the refrigerant mixture according to the invention can be used in particular for automotive air conditioning systems. These refrigerant mixtures are much cheaper than 1.1.1.2-tetrafluoromethane in terms of their direct greenhouse potential and can therefore be used as a substitute.
- the composition of the refrigerant mixture can be varied depending on the pressure in the refrigerant system.
- composition of the refrigerant mixture is selected so that the risk of flammability is reduced or severely restricted.
- a mixture of 98-70 wt% R 152a and 2-30 wt% CO2 is used to replace R 134a.
- R 152a behaves similar to R 134a in its thermophysical properties. However, due to the flammability of R 152a, it can be used in directly evaporating systems, e.g. in automobiles.
- the explosion range of R 152a is between 4.5% by volume lower explosion limit and 21.8% by volume upper explosion limit. In the case of mixtures with a CO2 content of 30% by weight, the lower explosion limit increases to 13% by volume. (see Fig. 1). Increasing the lower explosion limit reduces the risk that flammable refrigerants generally have.
- CO2 has very different thermophysical properties than R 134a and R 152a. CO2 is not flammable. CO2 has a significantly higher pressure level than R 134a or R 152a.
- the critical temperature of 31 ° C means that CO2 for the air conditioning of vehicles cannot be used in the classic subcritical compression refrigeration process, but has to go through a transcritical process.
- the transcritical process leads to significantly higher process pressures (> 100 bar) and a significant deterioration in the theoretically achievable maximum efficiency.
- the mixture was found to have a high volumetric refrigeration capacity. This high cooling capacity leads to a reduction in the required stroke volume of the compressor and thus to a reduction in the compressor size (see example 1).
- Mixtures of R 152a and CO2 with a CO2 content> 2% by weight have a higher pressure level than R 134a. Higher pressure levels improve heat transfer and reduce friction pressure losses. Both effects have a positive effect on the energy efficiency of the overall system. Mixtures of R 152a and CO2 have a large temperature glide. This has a positive effect if cooling and heating are required at sliding temperatures. The sliding heat transfer is present in all heat transfers in which there is no phase change on the secondary side and thus also in the air cooling or air heating.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04763816A EP1660607A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 | 2004-08-05 | Verwendung eines kältegemisches |
JP2006524262A JP2007503486A (ja) | 2003-08-27 | 2004-08-05 | 冷媒混合物の使用 |
BRPI0413895-3A BRPI0413895A (pt) | 2003-08-27 | 2004-08-05 | uso de uma mistura de agente de refrigeração |
US11/362,002 US20060202154A1 (en) | 2003-08-27 | 2006-02-27 | Refrigerant mixture and use thereof in air conditioners |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10339444.3 | 2003-08-27 | ||
DE10339444 | 2003-08-27 | ||
DE102004032792.0 | 2004-07-07 | ||
DE102004032792A DE102004032792A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 | 2004-07-07 | Verwendung eines Kältemittelgemisches |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/362,002 Continuation US20060202154A1 (en) | 2003-08-27 | 2006-02-27 | Refrigerant mixture and use thereof in air conditioners |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005021675A1 true WO2005021675A1 (de) | 2005-03-10 |
Family
ID=34276515
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/008772 WO2005021675A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 | 2004-08-05 | Verwendung eines kältegemisches |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060202154A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1660607A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007503486A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20060071405A (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0413895A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005021675A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010513646A (ja) * | 2006-12-19 | 2010-04-30 | アルケマ フランス | 冷媒として使用できる組成物 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7413674B2 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2008-08-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like trifluoroiodomethane compositions |
RU2466157C2 (ru) | 2007-03-27 | 2012-11-10 | ДАУ ГЛОБАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ ЭлЭлСи | Высококачественная полимерная пена из фторированных алкеновых пенообразователей |
JP2011097497A (ja) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-12 | Sony Corp | データ転送装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4116274A1 (de) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-19 | Forschungszentrum Fuer Kaeltet | Kaeltemittel |
WO1994001512A1 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-01-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of perfluoroethane, and trifluoromethane, or oxide, or nitrous oxide, or carbon dioxide, or fluoromethane |
WO2000039242A1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-07-06 | Star Refrigeration Limited | Vaporisable composition |
US6117356A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 2000-09-12 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Refrigerant compositions |
US6261473B1 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2001-07-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Sanai | Working fluid containing 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and carbon dioxide |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1071769C (zh) * | 1994-11-02 | 2001-09-26 | 索尔微氟及衍生物有限公司 | 含有液态二氧化碳的发泡剂 |
DE59904637D1 (de) * | 1998-05-22 | 2003-04-24 | Solvay Fluor & Derivate | Herstellung von polyurethanschäumen und geschäumten thermoplastischen kunststoffen |
-
2004
- 2004-08-05 EP EP04763816A patent/EP1660607A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-08-05 JP JP2006524262A patent/JP2007503486A/ja active Pending
- 2004-08-05 BR BRPI0413895-3A patent/BRPI0413895A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-05 WO PCT/EP2004/008772 patent/WO2005021675A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-08-05 KR KR1020067003801A patent/KR20060071405A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2006
- 2006-02-27 US US11/362,002 patent/US20060202154A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4116274A1 (de) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-19 | Forschungszentrum Fuer Kaeltet | Kaeltemittel |
WO1994001512A1 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-01-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of perfluoroethane, and trifluoromethane, or oxide, or nitrous oxide, or carbon dioxide, or fluoromethane |
US6117356A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 2000-09-12 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Refrigerant compositions |
US6261473B1 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2001-07-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Sanai | Working fluid containing 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and carbon dioxide |
WO2000039242A1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-07-06 | Star Refrigeration Limited | Vaporisable composition |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010513646A (ja) * | 2006-12-19 | 2010-04-30 | アルケマ フランス | 冷媒として使用できる組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060202154A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
BRPI0413895A (pt) | 2006-10-24 |
KR20060071405A (ko) | 2006-06-26 |
EP1660607A1 (de) | 2006-05-31 |
JP2007503486A (ja) | 2007-02-22 |
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