Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
  • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
  • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
  • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
  • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
  • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
  • C09K2205/10—Components
  • C09K2205/11—Ethers
  • C09K2205/112—Halogenated ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
  • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds

Definitions

• the present invention is concerned with refrigerant compositions which are designed to replace dichlorodifluoromethane. (Refrigerant R-12) and the azeotropic mixture of
• the mechanical energy required for compressing the vapour and pumping the liquid may be provided by an electric motor or an
• the properties preferred of a refrigerant include low toxicity, non- flammability, non-corrosivity, high stability and 30 freedom from ob ectionable odour.
• the present invention provides a refrigerant composition which may be used in place of Refrigerants R-12 and R-500, particularly the former.
• the composition contains refrigerant compounds which have essentially zero ozone depletion potentials and comparatively low direct global warming potentials.
• the present invention provides a refrigerant composition
• a refrigerant composition comprising a mixture of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether (CF3OCHF2) and at least one other fluorine containing compound selected from 1 , 1, 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (CF3CH2F), fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether (CF3OCH2F) and bis (difluoromethyl) ether (CHF2OCHF2) .
• Refrigerant compositions in accordance with the present invention typically contain from 5 to 952 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and from 95 to 52 by weight of at least one compound selected from 1 ,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane , fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and bis (difluoromethyl ) ether.
• the refrigerant compositions of the invention may contain other refrigerant compounds which have low and preferably zero ozone depletion potentials, for example other hydrofluoroalkanes and/or other fluorinated ethers containing residual hydrogen atoms. Examples of other hydrofluoroalkanes which may be incorporated in the refrigerant compositions of the invention include difluoromethane (R-32), 1, 1,1-trifluoroethane (R-143a),
• fluorinated ethers 1, 1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134), pentafluoroethane (R-125) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).
• fluorinated ethers which may be included in the refrigerant compositions of the invention are the fluorinated dimethyl ethers containing residual hydrogen atoms.
• the refrigerant compositions of the invention may comprise other refrigerant compounds
• the preferred refrigerant compositions of the invention consist essentially of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and at least one other fluorine containing compound selected from 1,1 , 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane , fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and bis (difluoromethyl) ether.
• the refrigerant compositions of the invention may be zeotropic they are preferably azeotropic or azeotrope-like.
• the preferred compounds for use in admixture with the difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether are 1,1, 1,2-tetrafluoroethane and fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether, since the resulting refrigerant compositions may provide a particularly suitable replacement for Refrigerant R-12.
• a refrigerant composition comprising a mixture of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane .
• Such compositions may additionally comprise one or more further refrigerant compounds, such as fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and/or bis (difluoromethyl ) ether and/or at least one other fluorinated ether containing residual hydrogen atoms and/or at least one other hydrofluoroalkane .
• refrigerant compositions which consist essentially of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane are preferred.
• compositions comprising difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as essential components
• compositions comprising from 25 to 75 2 by weight of di luoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and from 75 to 25 2 by weight of 1 ,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane are preferred, with compositions comprising from 25 to 50 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and from 75 to 50 2 by weight of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane being especially preferred.
• Table 1 shows the results of analysing the performance of a number of refrigerant compositions of the invention in a refrigeration cycle to assess the suitability thereof as a replacement for R-12. All the compositions analysed comprised difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether (E-125 in the Table) and 1 ,1 , 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a in the Table) in varying amounts. The percentage by weight of each component in the refrigerant compositions analysed is" given in the second row of the Table. Thus, the results of analysing the performance of the following refrigerant compositions are given in Table 1:
• a composition comprising 75 2 by weight of
• 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 50 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether are 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 50 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether.
• Isentropic Compressor Efficiency 75 2
• refrigerant compositions according to the invention comprising difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane can exhibit a performance in a refrigeration system which is comparable to that of Refrigerant R-12. It is also apparent that refrigerant compositions containing from 25 to 50 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and from 75 to 50 2 by weight of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane offer a particularly suitable alternative to Refrigerant R-12. Furthermore, the glide in the evaporator for all the mixed refrigerant compositions tested was 0.8°C or less showing that such compositions are azeotrope like.
• a refrigerant composition comprising a mixture of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether.
• Such compositions may additionally comprise one or more further refrigerant compounds, such as 1 ,1, 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane and/or bis (difluoromethyl ) ether and/or at least one other fluorinated ether containing residual hydrogen atoms and/or at least one other hydrofluoroalkane .
• refrigerant compositions which consist essentially of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether are preferred.
• compositions comprising difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether benefit from the high capacity (cooling duty per unit swept volume) of the former compound and high efficiency (coefficient of performance) of the latter compound.
• Such compositions preferably comprise from 25 to 75 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and from 75 to 25 2 by weight of fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether.
• Table 2 shows the results of analysing the performance of a number of refrigerant compositions of the invention in a refrigeration cycle to assess the suitability thereof as a replacement for R-12. All the compositions analysed comprised difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether (E-125 in the Table) and fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether (E-134a in the Table) in varying amounts. The percentage by weight of each component in the refrigerant compositions analysed is given in the second row of the Table. Thus, the results of analysing the performance of the following refrigerant compositions are given in Table 2:
• a composition comprising 75 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 25 2 by weight of fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether.
• a composition comprising 50 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 50 2 by weight of fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether.
• a composition comprising 25 2 by weight of difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and 75 2 by weight of fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether.
• refrigerant compositions according to the invention comprising difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether and fluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ether can exhibit a performance in a refrigeration system which is not too far removed from that of Refrigerant R-12. Furthermore, the glide in the evaporator for all the mixed refrigerant compositions tested was 1.9°C or less showing that such compositions are azeotrope like.
• the refrigerant compositions of the invention may be prepared by a simple mixing process.
• compositions are useful in all types of compression cycle heat transfer devices. Thus, they may be used to provide cooling by a method involving condensing the refrigerant composition and thereafter evaporating it in a heat exchange relationship with a- body to be cooled. They may also be used to provide heating by a method involving condensing the refrigerant composition in a heat exchange relationship with a body to be heated and thereafter evaporating it.
• compositions of the invention provide a good compromise between atmospheric lifetime, ozone depletion potential and efficiency. They are especially valuable for applications currently satisfied by R-12 such as domestic refrigeration.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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• 1992
  • 1992-12-23 EP EP93900354A patent/EP0620839A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-12-23 KR KR1019940702372A patent/KR940703901A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-12-23 CA CA002126186A patent/CA2126186A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-12-23 BR BR9207027A patent/BR9207027A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-12-23 JP JP5512218A patent/JPH07502775A/ja active Pending
  • 1992-12-23 AU AU31689/93A patent/AU668120B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-12-23 WO PCT/GB1992/002384 patent/WO1993014175A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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