WO2005020364A1 - 固体電解質燃料電池による発電装置 - Google Patents
固体電解質燃料電池による発電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005020364A1 WO2005020364A1 PCT/JP2004/011296 JP2004011296W WO2005020364A1 WO 2005020364 A1 WO2005020364 A1 WO 2005020364A1 JP 2004011296 W JP2004011296 W JP 2004011296W WO 2005020364 A1 WO2005020364 A1 WO 2005020364A1
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- fuel cell
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- solid electrolyte
- flame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0643—Gasification of solid fuel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generator using a solid electrolyte fuel cell, and more particularly, to reduce the size and thickness of a solid electrolyte substrate by forming a force source layer and an anode layer on a solid electrolyte substrate and by using a simple structure that does not require sealing.
- the present invention relates to a power generation device using a solid electrolyte fuel cell, which is equipped with a fuel cell and can generate power by the flame of solid fuel combustion, and is easy to handle such as storage and transportation.
- oxygen ( ⁇ 2 ) supplied to the force source layer is transformed into oxygen ions ( ⁇ 2 ) at the boundary between the force source layer and the solid electrolyte layer.
- the oxygen ions are conducted to the anode layer by the solid electrolyte layer and react with, for example, methane (CH 4 ) gas supplied to the anode layer, where water (H 2 O), Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) are produced.
- methane (CH 4 ) gas supplied to the anode layer where water (H 2 O), Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) are produced.
- methane (CH 4 ) gas supplied to the anode layer where water (H 2 O), Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) are produced.
- methane (CH 4 ) gas supplied to the anode layer where water (H 2 O), Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and
- the driving temperature of this fuel cell is about 100 ° C.
- an oxygen or oxygen-containing gas supply chamber is provided on the power source layer side, and a separate type chamber is provided on the anode layer side, in which the fuel gas supply chamber is separated.
- a separate type chamber is provided on the anode layer side, in which the fuel gas supply chamber is separated.
- a fuel cell is formed by providing a force source layer and an anode layer on opposite surfaces of the solid electrolyte layer, and the fuel cell is mixed with a fuel gas, for example, methane gas and oxygen gas.
- a fuel gas for example, methane gas and oxygen gas.
- Fuel cells have been developed that generate electromotive force between a force sword layer and an anode layer in a mixed fuel gas.
- the principle of generating an electromotive force between the force source layer and the anode layer is the same as in the case of the above-described separate type champer type fuel cell. Since the entire atmosphere can be made substantially the same atmosphere, a single-type champer to which a mixed fuel gas is supplied can be used, and the durability of the fuel cell can be improved.
- the fuel cell of this single type chamber also needs to be driven at a high temperature of about 100 ° C. Risk of explosion. If the oxygen concentration is set lower than the ignition limit to avoid this danger, the carbonization of fuel such as methane proceeds, and the battery performance deteriorates. For this reason, a single-type jumper fuel cell that can use a mixed fuel gas having an oxygen concentration that can prevent the progress of carbonization of the fuel while preventing the explosion of the mixed fuel gas has been developed.
- the proposed fuel cell is of a type constituted by fuel cells housed in a champer.
- a solid electrolyte fuel cell is disposed in or near a flame.
- a device for generating electric power by holding the solid electrolyte fuel cell at its operating temperature by the heat of the flame.
- Such a power generation device has been proposed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-19676.
- the single-chamber single-chamber fuel cell unlike the conventional solid electrolyte fuel cell, it is not necessary to strictly separate the fuel and the air. Then, a plurality of plate-shaped solid electrolyte fuel cells are laminated and connected using an interconnect material having heat resistance and high electrical conductivity so as to be able to be driven at a high temperature, thereby increasing the electromotive force. For this reason, the single-chamber fuel cell using the plate-shaped solid electrolyte fuel cell has a large-scale structure, and has a problem that the cost is increased. In addition, when operating the single-type fuel cell fuel cell, the temperature is gradually raised until the temperature becomes high to prevent the solid electrolyte fuel cell from cracking, so that the time required for electromotive force is long. It takes time.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell in the above-described power generation device employs a form in which a flame is directly used.
- this form of the fuel cell it is necessary to house the solid electrolyte fuel cell in a sealed container. It has the feature that it is open type. Therefore, this fuel In fuel cells, the electromotive time can be shortened and the structure is simple, which is advantageous for reducing the size and weight of fuel cells and reducing their cost.
- the direct use of the flame makes it possible to incorporate it into general combustion equipment and incineration equipment, etc., and is expected to be used as a power supply device.
- the present invention employs a solid electrolyte fuel cell in a form in which a flame generated by burning solid fuel is directly used, and exposes the entire surface of the anode layer formed on the solid electrolyte layer to the endurance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power generation device using a solid electrolyte fuel cell as a simple power supply means for improving power efficiency, power generation efficiency, miniaturization, and cost reduction. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention relates to a power generator using a solid electrolyte fuel cell, comprising: a plate-shaped solid electrolyte substrate; a force sword layer formed on one surface of the substrate; A solid electrolyte fuel cell having an anode layer formed on a surface opposite to the surface of the solid electrolyte fuel cell; and a solid fuel disposed below the solid electrolyte fuel cell.
- a flame is supplied by combustion of fuel, and the power source layer is a power generation device that generates power by supplying air to the power source layer.
- Solid fuel made of wood, paraffin, or solid fuel made of alcohol will be used.
- Air is supplied to a combustion portion of the solid fuel, and the solid fuel is stored in a combustion device having an opening for supplying the flame to the anode layer.
- the combustion device was provided with an air intake opening.
- the combustion device has heating means for heating the solid fuel, and air supply means for supplying air into the combustion device, wherein the solid fuel is heated in the presence of the air to form a volatile compound. Is generated, and a flame caused by combustion of the volatile compound is supplied to the solid oxide fuel cell.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an embodiment of a power generator using a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating another embodiment of a power generation device using a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the power generation device using the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the generation of a flame in a power generator using a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is improved.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating a schematic configuration of a solid electrolyte fuel cell using a mixed fuel gas according to a conventional technique.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a solid electrolyte fuel cell using a flame according to a conventional technique.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show the configuration of a single-chamber single fuel cell proposed in the prior art.
- the fuel cell shown in FIG. 5A has a structure in which fuel cells including a solid electrolyte layer are stacked in parallel to the flow of the mixed fuel gas.
- the fuel cell is composed of a solid electrolyte layer 1 having a dense structure, a power source layer 2 and an anode layer 3 of porous layers formed on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte layer 1, and a plurality of fuel cells having the same configuration.
- Fuel cell cells C 1 to C 4 are stacked in a ceramic container 4. Then, the fuel cell unit is sealed in the container 4 by the end plates 9, 10 via the fillings 7, 8.
- the container 4 is provided with a supply pipe 5 for mixed fuel gas containing a fuel such as methane and oxygen and a discharge pipe 6 for exhaust gas.
- a supply pipe 5 for mixed fuel gas containing a fuel such as methane and oxygen and a discharge pipe 6 for exhaust gas.
- the space other than the fuel cell in the container 4 and in which the mixed fuel gas and the exhaust gas flow in the container 4 is filled with the fillings 7 and 8, and the space is appropriately set. When driven as a fuel cell, it will not ignite even if there is a mixed fuel gas within the ignition limit.
- the basic configuration of the fuel cell shown in FIG. 5B is the same as that of the single-type jumper fuel cell shown in FIG. 5A.
- the structure has a structure in which fuel cells including an electrolyte layer are stacked in the axial direction of the container 4 at right angles to the flow of the mixed fuel gas.
- the fuel cell is composed of a solid electrolyte layer 1 of a porous layer, a power source layer 2 and an anode layer 3 of a porous layer formed on both sides of the solid electrolyte layer 1, and A plurality of fuel cells C 1 to C 5 having the same configuration are stacked in the container 4.
- FIG. 6 shows a power generation device that uses fuel cells that are not housed in a single-type champer but are directly used by a flame.
- the fuel cell of the power generator shown in FIG. 6 has a tube made of a zirconia solid electrolyte layer 1, an anode layer 3 which is a fuel electrode formed outside the tube, and a tube formed inside the tube. And the cathode layer 2, which is an air electrode.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell is installed with the anode layer 3 exposed to the reducing flame portion of the flame f generated from the combustion device 5 to which the fuel gas is supplied.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show the configuration of a power generator using a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1A shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the power generation device
- FIG. 1B shows a vertical cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the power generation device.
- the solid electrolyte layer is formed in a plate shape. Quality substrate was adopted. Then, a cathode layer (air electrode layer) and an anode layer (fuel electrode layer) are formed on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte substrate, and the flame is supplied below the anode layer so that the flame exposes the entire surface of the anode layer.
- Solid fuel to be burned examples of the solid fuel include readily available solid fuels such as wood, wood chips or pellets, paraffin, orefin, and alcohol.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell C used in the power generator of the present embodiment includes a flat solid electrolyte substrate 1 and force sword layers (air electrodes) formed on both surfaces thereof. 2) and an anode layer (fuel electrode layer) 3.
- the power source layer 2 and the anode layer are respectively provided with lead wires L l and L 2 for taking out an electromotive force.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell C is mounted on the upper part of the combustion device 11.
- the combustion device 11 includes a combustion chamber capable of accommodating the solid fuel 13 therein, and a holding body 12 such as a fire grate for holding the solid fuel is provided in the combustion chamber. ing.
- a holding body 12 such as a fire grate for holding the solid fuel is provided in the combustion chamber.
- wood is supplied as solid fuel.
- the fuel cell C is supported, and the anode layer 3 of the fuel cell C is exposed to the combustion chamber, and the fuel cell C is provided with a flame opening portion 14 for exposing it to a flame.
- a solid fuel supply opening 15 for supplying the solid fuel 13 into the combustion chamber is opened in the front of the combustion device 11, and further, below the solid fuel holder 12, An air intake opening 16 for supplying air is opened.
- the solid fuel 13 is supplied into the combustion chamber of the combustion device 11, and a flame f is generated by the combustion of the solid fuel.
- the generated flame f hits the anode layer 3 of the solid electrolyte fuel cell C facing the opening 14, and the outside air is supplied to the power source layer 2.
- the radical component in the flame reacts with oxygen in the air to generate an electromotive force between the lead wire L1 and the lead wire L2, thereby forming a power generator using a solid electrolyte fuel cell.
- the flame f force s is generated in the combustion, exposing the entire surface of the anodic layer 3 uniformly, select as the radical components in the flames is supplied with the optimum state Anodo layer Is done.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell C of the present embodiment has a force source layer 2 on one side of a solid electrolyte substrate 1 and an anode layer 3 on the other side. It is provided and formed in a flat plate shape. Since the force source layer 2 and the anode layer 3 are thus formed, it is inevitable if the anode layer 3 is exposed to the flame f generated by the combustion of the solid fuel 13, In addition, the force source layer 2 faces the atmosphere.
- the fuel cell C of the present embodiment is formed in a flat plate shape, so that the flame can be applied evenly.
- the anodic layer 3 is disposed on an open flame side, the fuel hydrocarbons present in the flame, hydrogen, radicals (OH, CH, C 2, O 2 H, CH 3) , etc. And use it.
- the flat shape allows the flame to be completely shut off as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the force source layer 2 Will be exposed to the atmosphere. This allows the force sword layer 2 to easily use the oxygen in the atmosphere while the fuel cell C remains in the open type, and can maintain the oxygen-rich state.
- the gas containing oxygen air, oxygen rich gas, etc.
- the fuel cell C is disposed above the solid fuel 13, but it is more preferable that the anode layer 2 is disposed so as to be exposed to a reducing flame near the base of the flame.
- the anode layer 3 is exposed to the reducing flame, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, radicals, and the like present in the reducing flame can be efficiently used as fuel, and the anode layer is easily deteriorated by oxidation. It can be used satisfactorily and can maintain durability.
- the solid electrolyte substrate 1 for example, a known material can be used, and the following materials can be used.
- YZZ yttria-stabilized zirconia
- ScSZ scandia-stabilized zirconia
- ginorecone-based ceramics doped with Ce, A1, etc.
- anode layer 3 for example, a known material can be adopted, and the following materials can be used.
- a sintered body containing a conductive oxide as a main component (a conductive oxide is, for example, nickel oxide in which lithium is dissolved).
- the sintered body mainly composed of the conductive oxide of the above e) has excellent oxidation resistance, so that the power generation efficiency caused by the increase in the electrode resistance of the anode layer caused by the oxidation of the anode layer is increased. It is possible to prevent phenomena such as reduction, power generation failure, and separation of the anode layer from the solid electrolyte layer.
- the conductive oxide nickel oxide in which lithium is dissolved is preferable.
- high power generation performance can be obtained by blending a metal consisting of a platinum group element or rhenium, or an oxide thereof, with those listed in d) and e) above.
- a known material can be used as the force source layer 2.
- a lanthanum manganese for example, lanthanum lanthanum manganese
- a Group 3 element of the periodic table such as platinum (Sr) is added.
- Nitrate gallium or cobalt oxide compounds (eg, lanthanum strontium cobaltite) and the like.
- the force source layer 2 and the anode layer 3 are both formed of a porous material, and the solid electrolyte substrate 1 in the solid electrolyte fuel cell C used in the present embodiment is also formed of a porous material.
- the solid electrolyte substrate 1 used in the present embodiment may be formed densely, but has a low heat shock resistance, and tends to crack due to a rapid temperature change.
- the solid electrolyte layer is formed thicker than the anode layer and the power source layer, so that cracks in the solid electrolyte layer trigger, and cracks occur in the entire solid electrolyte fuel cell. It had been broken.
- the solid electrolyte substrate is made porous, cracks are eliminated even when a sudden temperature change is caused by flame ignition or fire extinguishing during power generation, and even in a heat cycle with a large temperature difference.
- the thermal shock resistance is improved.
- even if it is porous, its porosity is 10 At less than 10%, no remarkable improvement in thermal shock resistance was observed,
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell is manufactured, for example, as follows. First, the material powder of the solid electrolyte layer is mixed at a predetermined compounding ratio to form a plate. Thereafter, this is baked and sintered to produce a substrate as a solid electrolyte layer. At this time, solid electrolyte layers having various porosity can be produced by adjusting the kind and the mixing ratio of the material powder such as the pore-forming agent, the firing temperature, the firing time, and the firing conditions such as the preliminary firing. A paste serving as a force sword layer is applied on one side of the substrate as a solid electrolyte layer obtained in this way, and a paste serving as an anode layer is applied on the other side, and sintering is performed. An electrolyte fuel cell can be manufactured.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell can further improve the durability as described below.
- a mesh metal is buried or fixed in the cathode layer 2 and the anode layer 3 of the flat fuel cell C shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. It is.
- the embedding method the material (paste) of each layer is applied to the solid electrolyte layer, and the mesh metal is embedded in the applied material, followed by firing.
- the mesh metal may be bonded and sintered without being completely embedded in the material of each layer.
- the mesh metal is excellent in harmony with the thermal expansion coefficient of the power source layer and the anode layer in which the metal is buried or fixed, and has excellent heat resistance.
- a metal mesh made of platinum or an alloy containing platinum may be used. SUS 300th generation (30 4, 316, etc.) or stainless steel of SUS 400th (430, etc.), which are advantageous in terms of cost.
- a wire-like metal may be buried or fixed in the anode layer or the force sword layer.
- the wire-shaped metal is made of the same metal as the mesh-shaped metal, and the number of the wires is not limited.
- mesh-like metal or wire-like metal can electrically connect the cracked part.
- the solid electrolyte substrate of the fuel cell according to the present embodiment can have a dense structure, and in this case, In particular, embedding or embedding a mesh metal or a wire metal in the cathode layer and the anode layer is an effective means for dealing with cracks due to thermal history.
- the mesh-like metal or wire-like metal may be provided on both the anode layer and the cathode layer, or may be provided on either one of them. Further, the mesh-like metal and the wire-like metal may be provided in combination. When cracks occur due to heat history, at least the mesh-like metal or the wire-like metal is buried in the anode layer, so that power generation can be continued without lowering the power generation capability. Since the power generation capacity of the solid electrolyte fuel cell largely depends on the effective area of the anode layer as a fuel electrode, it is preferable to arrange a mesh-like metal or a wire-like metal at least in the anode layer.
- the solid electrolyte fuel cell having the above-described configuration is If it is incorporated as a solid electrolyte fuel cell C into the power generator shown in 1B and is exposed to the flame of solid fuel combustion, it can be used as an open-type power generator without a sealed structure. And since solid fuel is used for flame supply, storage and transportation are easy with a simple configuration, and handling as a power generator is simple.
- This generator is advantageous for extracting small power, is suitable for a power source that drives a load that does not require much current and voltage is important.
- the load includes, for example, lighting of an LED, display of an LCD, driving of a portable radio or a portable information device, and the like.
- the load can be used as a power source during an emergency, a power failure, or during outdoor activities.
- a solid oxide fuel cell shown in Figs. 1A and 1B
- wood material was used as the solid fuel.
- the case where the solidified fuel was used was shown.
- An example of a paraffin solidified fuel is a candle. 2A and 2B do not show the combustion device 11 as shown in FIGS.1A and 1B, but only expose the solid electrolyte fuel cell C to the burning candle flame. It can also be a power generator.
- FIG. 2A shows a state in which the solid electrolyte fuel cell C is disposed above the candle 17 ignited by the core 18 with the anode layer 3 facing downward.
- the position of the fuel cell C is adjusted so that the flame f generated from the core 18 exposes the entire surface of the anode layer 3.
- the radical component contained in the flame F is effectively supplied to the anode layer 3 and reacts with oxygen in the air supplied to the force source layer 2, and the lead wire L 1 and the lead wire L 2 And an electromotive force is generated.
- FIG. 2B shows a case where a candle is used as the solid fuel, as in FIG. 2A.
- the tip of a pipe 19 extending from below is located near the core 18 of the candle 17. Is placed. Send air to this tube 1 9 As a result, the combustion state of the combustion section in the candle 17 is changed, and the radical component in the flame f can be increased. Thereby, power generation efficiency can be improved.
- Figures 2A and 2B show examples of power generators using candles as solid fuels
- Figure 3 shows an example in which solid fuels made of alcohol are used as solid fuels for power generators instead of candles. Indicated.
- the amount of soot is smaller than that of a candle, the flame f is stable, and the area of the anode layer 3 can be increased, so that the solid electrolyte fuel cell can be used for a long time. And power generation efficiency will increase.
- the substrate of the solid oxide fuel cell used in the power generation device of the present embodiment is preferably formed in such a shape that the flame effectively hits the entire anode layer. If candles are selected as the solid fuel according to the shape of the flame, for example, it is advantageous to make the shape of the anode layer circular, and accordingly, the solid electrolyte substrate should also be made circular. Go out.
- the fuel cell When it is desired to increase the power generation output, the fuel cell is made of a solid electrolyte substrate with a large area, and a flame is generated according to its size. Further, when it is desired to increase the electromotive force of the fuel cell, each of the force source layer and the anode layer formed on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte substrate is divided into a plurality of parts, and a pair of divided force is formed. One fuel cell is composed of the source layer and the anode layer, and a plurality of fuel cells are generated. It is preferable to connect these fuel cells in series with metal wires.As described above, the flame supplied to the fuel cells on the solid electrolyte substrate by the combustion of the solid fuel is shown in FIG.1B.
- an air intake opening 16 is opened below the combustion device 11.
- This air intake opening 16 The air required by the solid fuel 13 for spontaneous combustion is supplied into the combustion device 11, that is, the air is taken into the combustion device 11 by natural convection. Therefore, depending on the supply of air, radical components in the flame that contribute to the power generation of the fuel cell can be generated, or the fuel species can be extracted from the solid fuel. No adjustments can be made to optimize for contribution.
- the tip of the pipe 19 is arranged near the core 18 of the candle 17.
- the combustion state in the burning part of the candle 17 can be changed and the radical components in the flame f can be increased, so that the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.
- the state of the flame generated by the combustion can be relatively easily adjusted by adjusting the supply of air from the pipe 19. Can be optimized.
- solid fuels when using wood materials, biomass resources, and the like as solid fuels, these solid fuels are composed of various components, so that their combustion is not uniform and, moreover, as a fuel type. Cannot be used effectively. For example, even if the wood 13 is burned in the combustion device shown in FIG. 1B, soot that cannot be burned is generated, or a large amount of residue such as burned scum is generated.
- the total weight of the pellet decreases sharply as the pellet temperature approaches about 500 ° C. Has been confirmed.
- about 80% were analyzed to be volatile compounds and about 19% to be non-volatile.
- the non-volatile components are tar, coke and the like.
- the volatile compounds extracted here were used as fuel species, which were burned to generate radical components. By adjusting and supplying the amount of air necessary for the combustion of the volatile compound, the radical component generated in the flame can be optimized.
- Fig. 4 shows a specific example of a power generation device that uses wood materials as solid fuel and supplies the fuel cells with a flame that burns volatile compounds generated from the pellet.
- the wood material 13 is simply placed on the grate 12, and the wood material 13 is supplied from the air intake opening 16. It burned with the air being blown.
- a heat-resistant container 21 made of alumina ceramic or the like corresponding to a combustion device is used, and a porous member 22 serving as a substitute for a grate is provided in a lower portion of the container.
- a porous member 22 serving as a substitute for a grate is provided in a lower portion of the container.
- a heater 23 as a heating means is provided on the outer periphery of the upper part of the heat-resistant container 21.
- the fuel cell C is disposed in the upper opening of the heat-resistant container 21 such that the anode layer 3 is on the lower side.
- the wood material 13 is placed and stored on the porous member 22 in the combustion chamber of the heat-resistant container 21. Therefore, the wood material 13 is heated by the heater 23 and air is supplied into the combustion chamber via the porous member 22. For example, the heater 23 is driven and heated to about 500 ° C. while supplying an appropriately adjusted amount of air to the wood material 13. And woody The volatile compound generated from the material 13 is burned to generate a flame f, and the flame f supplies a radical component to the anode layer 3 of the fuel cell C.
- the heating means is provided on the outer periphery of the combustion device containing the solid fuel, and the air adjusted to an appropriate amount is supplied to the combustion chamber. Because it is composed of solid fuel, volatile compounds that can be burned from solid fuel can be effectively extracted without the need for extensive reforming equipment. Therefore, the flame burning the volatile compound can be exposed to the fuel cell, so that the amount of the radical component supplied to the fuel cell can be increased, and the power generation of the fuel cell can be increased.
- the thickness of 2 0 0 m Samaritan Dopudoseri ⁇ using (SDC, S m0.2 C e0. SOL 9 Ceramic) substrate On one side of the Ceramic substrate, and a force source de layer, S m 0. 5 S r 0. 5 C 0 O 3 5 0 to SDC paste was printed were added wt%, on the other side , as the anode layer, 5 wt% R h 2 O 3 was added L i doped N i 0 2 to 4 0 wt 0 /. The added SDC paste was printed and fired at 1200 ° C.
- the flame generated by this candle is applied to the anode layer of the solid oxide fuel cell obtained as described above.
- the open circuit voltage was 0.84 V, and an output density of 12 mW / cm 2 was confirmed.
- the open circuit voltage was 0.78 V, and an output density of 62 mW / cm 2 was confirmed.
- dry wood chips were used as the solid fuel, the open circuit voltage was 0.77 V, and an output density of 5 mWZ cm 2 was confirmed.
- Example 2 was performed with a power generator using a fuel cell having a solid electrolyte substrate shown in FIG.
- a solid electrolyte substrate a 200 ⁇ m-thick summary-dosed-cell (SDC, SmQ.sCeo.sOu ceramic) substrate was used.
- SDC summary-dosed-cell
- S m 0. 5 S r 0. 5 C o O 3 was printed 5 0 added with SDC pace preparative wt%, on the other side, and the anodic layer, and printed 5 wt% R h 2 O 3 added was L i doped N i O 2 4 0 the added SDC pace preparative wt% was calcined at 1 2 0 0 ° C .
- the present invention employs a solid electrolyte fuel cell in which a force source layer and an anode layer are formed on one surface of a plate-like solid electrolyte substrate.
- a power generation device that applies the flame of burning the solid fuel to the entire surface of the anode layer is configured, it is possible to generate power with a durable, compact, and low-cost fuel cell.
- the use of solid fuel facilitated storage and transportation, and made the power generator easy to handle.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005513266A JPWO2005020364A1 (ja) | 2003-08-21 | 2004-07-30 | 固体電解質燃料電池による発電装置 |
US10/545,797 US20060073366A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 | 2004-07-30 | Power generator by solid electrolyte fuel cell |
EP04748267A EP1657773A4 (en) | 2003-08-21 | 2004-07-30 | POWER GENERATOR BY FESTELECTROLYT FUEL CELL |
CA002515611A CA2515611A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 | 2004-07-30 | Power generating apparatus using solid electrolyte fuel cell |
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JP2003-208246 | 2003-08-21 | ||
JP2003208246 | 2003-08-21 |
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WO2005020364A1 true WO2005020364A1 (ja) | 2005-03-03 |
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PCT/JP2004/011296 WO2005020364A1 (ja) | 2003-08-21 | 2004-07-30 | 固体電解質燃料電池による発電装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060073366A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1657773A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005020364A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2515611A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005020364A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP5361143B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-29 | 2013-12-04 | 新光電気工業株式会社 | 固体酸化物型燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
US10847780B2 (en) | 2016-09-16 | 2020-11-24 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Battery electrode and methods of making |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06196176A (ja) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-07-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃焼装置 |
JP2003257442A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-12 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 暖房装置 |
JP2004139936A (ja) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-05-13 | Shinko Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3563790D1 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1988-08-18 | Wamsler Herd & Ofen Gmbh | Method of controlled burning of a pile of solid fuel particularly of wood piled up in a vertical fire stack of a stove as well as stove for carrying out the method |
US4629537A (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-12-16 | Hsu Michael S | Compact, light-weight, solid-oxide electrochemical converter |
US5425633A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1995-06-20 | Cole; Michael C. | Floating combustion apparatus |
US6004688A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-12-21 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Solid oxide fuel cell and doped perovskite lanthanum gallate electrolyte therefor |
NL1008832C2 (nl) * | 1998-04-07 | 1999-10-08 | Univ Delft Tech | Werkwijze voor het omzetten van een koolstofomvattend materiaal, een werkwijze voor het bedrijven van een brandstofcel en een werkwijze voor het bedrijven van een brandstofcelstapel. |
-
2004
- 2004-07-30 CA CA002515611A patent/CA2515611A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-30 WO PCT/JP2004/011296 patent/WO2005020364A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-07-30 EP EP04748267A patent/EP1657773A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-30 JP JP2005513266A patent/JPWO2005020364A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-07-30 US US10/545,797 patent/US20060073366A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06196176A (ja) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-07-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃焼装置 |
JP2003257442A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-12 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 暖房装置 |
JP2004139936A (ja) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-05-13 | Shinko Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1657773A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2005020364A1 (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
EP1657773A1 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
US20060073366A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
EP1657773A4 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
CA2515611A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
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