WO2005019636A1 - Brennstoffeinspritzanlage und verfahren zum einspritzen von brennstoff - Google Patents
Brennstoffeinspritzanlage und verfahren zum einspritzen von brennstoff Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005019636A1 WO2005019636A1 PCT/EP2004/051818 EP2004051818W WO2005019636A1 WO 2005019636 A1 WO2005019636 A1 WO 2005019636A1 EP 2004051818 W EP2004051818 W EP 2004051818W WO 2005019636 A1 WO2005019636 A1 WO 2005019636A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel injection
- distributor line
- lance
- injection valve
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
- F02M63/0275—Arrangement of common rails
- F02M63/0285—Arrangement of common rails having more than one common rail
- F02M63/029—Arrangement of common rails having more than one common rail per cylinder bank, e.g. storing different fuels or fuels at different pressure levels per cylinder bank
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
- F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
- F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
- F02M65/007—Cleaning
- F02M65/008—Cleaning of injectors only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
- F02M69/462—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down
- F02M69/465—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down of fuel rails
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
- F02M2200/505—Adjusting spring tension by sliding spring seats
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/60—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for facilitating the starting of engines, e.g. with valves or fuel passages for keeping residual pressure in common rails
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8084—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving welding or soldering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
- F02M53/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
Definitions
- Fuel injection system and method for injecting fuel are Fuel injection system and method for injecting fuel
- the invention relates to a fuel injection system for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for injecting fuel according to claim 11.
- a fuel injection system is known for example from DE 101 23 867 AI.
- the fuel injector includes an auxiliary inlet which is connected via a line to an interior of the fuel injector.
- a cleaning agent or a mixture of fuel and cleaning agent can be supplied to the spray openings of the fuel injector via the auxiliary inlet.
- the cleaning agent can be used to rinse the fuel injector and the spray orifices to reduce deposits.
- a disadvantage of the arrangement described in the above-mentioned document is in particular that each of the fuel injection valves of an internal combustion engine must be provided with a corresponding inlet, which is also decentralized from the fuel inlet of the Fuel injection valves is arranged. The manufacturing effort is therefore very high.
- a second supply line, which connects the auxiliary inlets with each other, must be laid, which costs additional components and assembly time.
- the fuel injection system according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 and the method according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 11 have the advantage that two fuel distribution lines, which are connected to the fuel injection valves via a conventional connection and a lance arranged therein, different Fuels for different operating states of the internal combustion engine can be supplied in a simple manner.
- the second fuel distribution line runs parallel to the first and is soldered to it, for example.
- Another advantage is that standard fuel injection valves can be used with the double fuel rail without expensive modifications.
- a check valve is advantageously provided in the lance, which can be freely selected for any pressure and prevents the starting fuel or the cleaning liquid from flowing back.
- the lance passes through the first fuel distributor line, as a result of which additional evaporation of the fuel flowing through the lance can be avoided.
- the starting fuel can advantageously be composed such that the cold start properties of the internal combustion engine are improved, the emission of harmful substances is reduced and the fuel injector can be kept free of deposits.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injection system according to the invention in an overall view
- FIG. 2A-C are side views through a partially sectioned fuel injection valve of the fuel injection system shown in FIG. 1 in three successive injection molding steps.
- a fuel injection valve 2 in the form of a low-pressure fuel injection valve is used to inject fuel into the intake pipe of a mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engine suitable. Only those components which are directly related to the measures according to the invention are explained below.
- the fuel injection valve 2 is preferably installed in a row arrangement on a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine (not shown further) and is connected to further fuel injection valves 2 (not shown) by means of a first fuel distributor line 3.
- the measures according to the invention relate to a second fuel distributor line 4, which can in particular be arranged parallel to the first fuel distributor line 3.
- the second fuel distribution line 4 is used to supply a starting fuel, which is designed in terms of its evaporation and combustion properties so that the cold start properties are improved, the hydrocarbon emissions in the cold running phase of the internal combustion engine and the nitrogen oxide emission can be reduced.
- the starting fuel can alternatively be replaced by a cleaning or flushing liquid for cleaning the fuel injector 2 between the injection cycles. Deposits in the area of the fuel channels and the spray openings of the fuel injector 2 are thereby washed away and can no longer lead to malfunctions of the fuel injector 2.
- the second fuel distributor line 4 has a preferably tubular lance 5, which extends through the first fuel distributor line 3.
- the lance 5 opens into a feed pipe ⁇ of the fuel injector 2 in this.
- a check valve 7 is arranged in the lance 5 and can be designed, for example, as a ball valve 7 with a spring 8.
- the check valve 7 ensures that the injection with starting fuel is ended as soon as normal fuel is supplied via a feed line 9 from the first fuel distribution line 3. It is interchangeable and can be selected for any pressure, for example between 0.2 and 1 bar.
- the lance 5 and the second fuel distributor line 4 are preferably soldered to the first fuel distributor line 3.
- the diameter of the lance 5 is, for example, 4 mm in order to offer a sufficient metering cross section.
- the lance 5 can also be designed to be heated in order to heat the fuel. This also improves the cold start properties through better evaporation and a reduction in hydrocarbons.
- the heating elements can be designed in various forms such as spirals or in the form of heating pills.
- a tube can also be provided in connection with an outer wall of the fuel injection valve 2, through which the starting fuel can be directed to the tip of the fuel injection valve 2.
- Another advantageous embodiment combines the use of the lance 5 with the switchover between starting and normal fuel through the use of two valves, as a result of which the fuel circuits can be completely decoupled from one another. Backwashing can take place via external channels.
- the fuel types are not subject to any restrictions with regard to the feed cross-sections and the maximum possible flow rate.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C show a flushing and injection cycle for a fuel injection system 1 designed according to the invention in three steps.
- the fuel injection system 1 is shown in each case in a side view, partially sectioned in the area of the fuel injection valve 2.
- the same components are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.
- 2A shows the flushing process as the first step of the injection cycle.
- starting fuel is passed from the second fuel distributor line 4 through an interior 10 of the fuel injection valve 2. Since there is no electrical actuation of the fuel injection valve 2 at this point in time, the starting fuel is not injected, but flows through lateral channels 11, as indicated by the arrows 12, back to an injection direction back to the feed pipe 6 of the fuel injection valve 2.
- the check valve 7 prevents the backflow of the starting fuel into the second fuel distribution line 4.
- the aim of the flushing process is to remove the combustion residues in the area from the previous injection cycle the valve tip 13 to loosen and rinse so that the fuel injector 2 can inject constant amounts of fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- FIG. 2B shows the next step, the injection of starting fuel in the direction of a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the starting fuel is supplied in the same way as in the purging process shown in FIG. 2A, but is sprayed off towards the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine by the simultaneous electrical actuation of the fuel injection valve 2. This is indicated by the arrows 14 in Fig. 2B.
- the starting fuel is adjusted so that, as already explained above, the cold start behavior of the internal combustion engine is positively influenced and the exhaust gas emissions can be reduced.
- 2C finally shows the third step of the injection cycle, in which normal fuel is led from the first fuel distributor line 3 via the inlet 9 and the lateral channels 10 to the valve tip 13 and is sprayed off towards the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the normal fuel flows through the fuel injection valve 2 along the path indicated by the arrows 15 and 14. Normal fuel is sprayed off as soon as the internal combustion engine has reached its operating temperature, which can be measured by a suitable sensor.
- the normal fuel can be, for example, a fuel with a higher energy density, which does not require the addition of cleaning agents.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and is also suitable, for example, for fuel injection systems 1 of mixture-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502004005973T DE502004005973D1 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-08-18 | Brennstoffeinspritzanlage und verfahren zum einspritzen von brennstoff |
US10/566,862 US7523740B2 (en) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-08-18 | Fuel-injection system and method for injecting fuel |
EP04766519A EP1658425B1 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-08-18 | Brennstoffeinspritzanlage und verfahren zum einspritzen von brennstoff |
JP2006523634A JP4550819B2 (ja) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-08-18 | 燃料噴射装置および燃料を噴射するための方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10337893A DE10337893A1 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2003-08-18 | Brennstoffeinspritzanlage und Verfahren zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff |
DE10337893.6 | 2003-08-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005019636A1 true WO2005019636A1 (de) | 2005-03-03 |
Family
ID=34201627
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/051818 WO2005019636A1 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-08-18 | Brennstoffeinspritzanlage und verfahren zum einspritzen von brennstoff |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7523740B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1658425B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4550819B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10337893A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005019636A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012071637A1 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-07 | Robert Bosch Limitada | Fuel rail made of a plastic material with a heating system |
JP2015059537A (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料加熱システム、および、これを用いた燃料レール |
JP2015059538A (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料加熱システム、および、これを用いた燃料レール |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK1969217T3 (da) | 2005-11-26 | 2012-02-20 | Exen Holdings Llc | Kombineret injektionssystem til flere brændstoffer til interne forbrændings- og turbinemotorer |
US8333171B2 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2012-12-18 | Exen Holdings, Llc | Homogenizing fuel enhancement system |
US8596561B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2013-12-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Dual fuel injector with hydraulic lock seal |
CN108350825B (zh) * | 2015-08-27 | 2021-11-16 | 西港能源有限公司 | 用于使气体燃料喷射器的沉积物减少的技术 |
US9771887B2 (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-09-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Single rail combined fuel injection |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB405833A (en) * | 1933-05-22 | 1934-02-15 | August Andreas Heinrich Hammer | Improvements relating to the prevention of the formation of carbon deposits on the fuel injection nozzles of internal combustion engines |
DE849325C (de) * | 1940-09-19 | 1952-09-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzventil fuer Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE969853C (de) * | 1952-12-25 | 1958-07-24 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Einrichtung zur Verwendung verschiedener Brennstoffarten und -mengen bei Einspritzduesen von Brennkraftmaschinen |
GB1150043A (en) * | 1967-03-13 | 1969-04-30 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | A Compression Ignition Engine Fuel System |
EP1258628A2 (de) * | 2001-05-16 | 2002-11-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3243176A1 (de) * | 1982-11-23 | 1984-05-24 | Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln | Einspritzeinrichtung fuer alkoholkraftstoffe, insbesondere bei direkteinspritzenden dieselmotoren |
JPH0323656U (de) * | 1989-07-18 | 1991-03-12 | ||
ES2117897T3 (es) * | 1996-02-16 | 1998-08-16 | Fiat Ricerche | Motor de combustion interna con sistema de inyeccion de metano. |
JP3778385B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-03 | 2006-05-24 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | コモンレール |
US5887799A (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 1999-03-30 | Impco Technoligies, Inc. | Dual fuel injector |
DE19746491A1 (de) * | 1997-10-22 | 1999-04-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
US6604510B2 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2003-08-12 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Fuel system including a fuel injector directly mounted to a fuel rail |
JP2003056425A (ja) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-02-26 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | 内燃機関の燃料噴射装置 |
US6886537B2 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2005-05-03 | Denso Corporation | Accumulation type fuel injection system for engine |
US7077101B2 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2006-07-18 | Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. | Hybrid fuel injection system |
JP4021838B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-02 | 2007-12-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料噴射装置 |
-
2003
- 2003-08-18 DE DE10337893A patent/DE10337893A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-08-18 JP JP2006523634A patent/JP4550819B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-18 EP EP04766519A patent/EP1658425B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-18 WO PCT/EP2004/051818 patent/WO2005019636A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2004-08-18 US US10/566,862 patent/US7523740B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-18 DE DE502004005973T patent/DE502004005973D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB405833A (en) * | 1933-05-22 | 1934-02-15 | August Andreas Heinrich Hammer | Improvements relating to the prevention of the formation of carbon deposits on the fuel injection nozzles of internal combustion engines |
DE849325C (de) * | 1940-09-19 | 1952-09-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzventil fuer Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE969853C (de) * | 1952-12-25 | 1958-07-24 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Einrichtung zur Verwendung verschiedener Brennstoffarten und -mengen bei Einspritzduesen von Brennkraftmaschinen |
GB1150043A (en) * | 1967-03-13 | 1969-04-30 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | A Compression Ignition Engine Fuel System |
EP1258628A2 (de) * | 2001-05-16 | 2002-11-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012071637A1 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-07 | Robert Bosch Limitada | Fuel rail made of a plastic material with a heating system |
US9303606B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2016-04-05 | Robert Bosch Limitada | Fuel rail made of a plastic material with a heating system |
JP2015059537A (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料加熱システム、および、これを用いた燃料レール |
JP2015059538A (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料加熱システム、および、これを用いた燃料レール |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004005973D1 (de) | 2008-03-06 |
EP1658425B1 (de) | 2008-01-16 |
EP1658425A1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
US7523740B2 (en) | 2009-04-28 |
DE10337893A1 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
US20070169749A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
JP4550819B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 |
JP2007502930A (ja) | 2007-02-15 |
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