WO2005016595A1 - 研磨装置、これを用いた半導体デバイス製造方法およびこの方法により製造される半導体デバイス - Google Patents
研磨装置、これを用いた半導体デバイス製造方法およびこの方法により製造される半導体デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005016595A1 WO2005016595A1 PCT/JP2004/011566 JP2004011566W WO2005016595A1 WO 2005016595 A1 WO2005016595 A1 WO 2005016595A1 JP 2004011566 W JP2004011566 W JP 2004011566W WO 2005016595 A1 WO2005016595 A1 WO 2005016595A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polishing
- head
- polished
- wafer
- polishing head
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polishing apparatus for flattening a surface of an object to be polished such as a semiconductor wafer. Further, the present invention relates to a semiconductor device manufacturing method and a semiconductor device using the polishing apparatus.
- a polishing apparatus which holds a semiconductor wafer as an object to be polished by a holder and relatively rotates and moves the semiconductor wafer in contact with a polishing member (polishing pad) to polish the surface of the semiconductor wafer.
- a polishing member polishing pad
- the polishing member changes its position following irregularities on the surface of the wafer (object to be polished).
- the wafer is changed its attitude, so that the optimum processing state is always maintained.
- a flexible rubber sheet is used for a head portion holding a wafer, and air pressure is applied to the back side of the rubber sheet. By acting, the wafer is pressed through the rubber sheet against a polishing pad serving as a polishing member.
- a head for holding a wafer is connected to a rotary drive shaft via a ball joint structure, and a head for a ball joint. It is configured to be rotatably driven in a swingable state via the connection part.
- the position of the polishing pad changes flexibly according to the rotational accuracy of the platen to which the polishing pad is attached and the thickness of the polishing pad, and the wafer is polished.
- the pad is always in uniform contact with the pad, enabling uniform surface polishing.
- an apparatus having a configuration capable of flexibly changing the position of the polishing member, that is, the position of the polishing pad.
- a wafer is vacuum-adsorbed (in a face-up state) with its surface to be polished facing upward (in a face-up state), and is rotationally driven together with the wafer chuck.
- a polishing head is disposed above and opposed to the wafer, and the polishing head is made of a polishing member having a polishing pad in contact with a surface to be polished of the wafer, and a polishing member which is flexible. It comprises a supporting drive plate and rubber sheet (elastic member), and a head housing in which an internal space for forming a pressure chamber for applying air pressure thereto is formed.
- the outer periphery of the drive plate and the rubber sheet is joined to the outer periphery of the lower end of the head housing, and the drive plate and the rubber sheet are joined to the polishing member at the inner periphery.
- the inner space of the head housing is formed by the drive plate and the rubber sheet.
- a pressure chamber is formed so as to be covered by the rubber sheet.
- Polishing of a wafer using the polishing apparatus having such a configuration is performed by rotating the polishing pad and abutting the surface to be polished of the wafer which is rotated and held by the wafer chuck. By reciprocating in the horizontal direction with respect to the wafer while rotating, the entire surface of the wafer is uniformly polished.
- the wafer is rotated with the polishing head. It is pressed against the vise surface (surface to be polished). At this time, the polishing head is further provided with a horizontal reciprocating motion called a swinging motion so that the entire device surface of the wafer can be uniformly polished.
- the polishing head descends, and the stopper provided on the spindle connected to the polishing head comes into contact with the fixed work provided on the apparatus body side, and the polishing head is moved. It stops at a predetermined position. At this predetermined position, when a new polishing pad is used, the drive plate connected to the polishing member (polishing pad) is in a substantially horizontal state, that is, the amount of vertical deformation of the drive plate is almost zero. Has been adjusted.
- a process called a pad conditioner dressing the structure of this pad conditioner is to grind the surface of the polishing pad by pressing the disk, on which the diamond surface is electrodeposited, with a certain pressing force while rotating. .
- the polishing pad is removed by about 1 ⁇ m every time the wafer is polished, and when 100 wafers are polished, the surface of the polishing pad is removed by about 1 mm.
- removing the surface of the polishing pad means reducing the thickness of the polishing pad.
- a polishing pad with an initial thickness of 3 mm polishes 100 wafers. This means that the thickness is reduced to about 2 mm.
- a method of determining the life of the polishing pad and the conditioner is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-254314.
- the thickness of the polishing pad used gradually decreases due to the operation of the pad conditioner.
- pressure is applied to the polishing member by pressurized air and the polishing pad is
- the drive plate is elastically deformed downward only by the thickness of the polishing pad.
- an upward elastic repulsive force is generated in the drip plate, and the polishing load of the polishing member on the wafer decreases, and this causes an error in the polishing load due to a change in the thickness of the polishing pad.
- the line width of a pattern required for a semiconductor device is becoming increasingly finer, and a line width of about 50 nm has recently been put to practical use.
- the wiring delay determined by the product of the electric resistance (R) of the wiring pattern and the capacitance (C) of the insulator becomes larger than the delay of the semiconductor device.
- the dielectric constant of the insulator is less than 2 (Ultra Low-K).
- the dielectric constant of SiO 2 which is an insulator formed on a wafer, is about 3.9 to 4.5, which is considerably higher than this. Therefore, as the lower gel method permittivity while using S i ⁇ 2 as the insulator, a method of the S I_ ⁇ 2 to port one lath is summer as used.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and has a polishing member (a polishing member).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing apparatus capable of reducing a polishing load error due to a change in thickness of a polishing pad.
- a polishing apparatus includes an object holder for holding an object to be polished, a polishing head for holding a polishing member for polishing the object to be polished, and a polishing head.
- Vertical position adjusting means for holding the polishing member movably up and down, using the vertical position adjusting means to move the polishing head downward to bring the polishing member into contact with the object to be polished, and then to move the polishing member to the object to be polished.
- the polishing head includes a head housing having an opening on a lower surface side, and a head housing.
- the polishing apparatus further includes a measuring device for measuring a change in the thickness of the polishing member, and the control unit is configured to control the operation of the vertical position adjusting means in accordance with a signal output from the measuring device.
- a measuring device for measuring a change in the thickness of the polishing member
- the control unit is configured to control the operation of the vertical position adjusting means in accordance with a signal output from the measuring device.
- the polishing apparatus may further include a displacement detection unit that detects an amount of deformation of the elastic member, and the control unit may control an operation of the vertical position adjustment unit in accordance with a signal output from the displacement detection unit. good.
- the polishing apparatus includes an object holder for holding an object to be polished, a polishing head for holding a polishing member for polishing the object to be polished, and a vertically movable polishing head.
- the polishing head is moved downward using the vertical mechanism to bring the polishing member into contact with the object to be polished.
- the polishing head includes a head housing having an opening on a lower surface side, and a head.
- a plate-like elastic member fixed substantially horizontally in the housing and holding the polishing member movably up and down, wherein the polishing member is disposed so as to pass through the opening using the elastic member; It is configured to be able to move up and down by using air supplied and exhausted into the housing.It is provided on the polishing head and detects the amount of deformation of the elastic member. It has a lock mechanism that regulates the lock and a control unit that controls the operation of the lock mechanism. Before the start of polishing, the polishing head moves downward and the polishing member comes into contact with the object to be polished. The detected amount of deformation of the elastic member is near zero When becomes configured to control unit up and down movement of the head is restricted to the polishing by actuating the locking mechanism.
- the displacement detection unit is a strain gauge provided on the elastic member.
- the displacement detecting section is a magnetic sensor or an optical sensor provided in the head housing so as to face the elastic member.
- the displacement detection unit is configured such that one member that moves relatively is attached to the elastic member, and the other member is a differential transformer that is attached to the polishing head member. Is preferred. Further, in the above-mentioned polishing apparatus, it is preferable that the polishing apparatus further comprises an operation stopping means for stopping the operation of the polishing head when a change rate of the deformation amount of the elastic member detected by the displacement detecting section exceeds a predetermined value. .
- a polishing head position detecting section for detecting a vertical position of the polishing head when a deformation amount of the elastic member detected by the displacement detecting section is near zero
- a polishing head Polishing head detected by the position detector It is preferable to include a thickness change amount calculation unit that calculates the thickness change amount of the polishing member from the change amount of the vertical position of the polishing member.
- a semiconductor device manufacturing method is characterized in that the object to be polished is a semiconductor wafer, and the method includes a step of flattening the surface of the semiconductor wafer using the polishing apparatus having the above-described configuration.
- a semiconductor device according to the present invention is manufactured by the semiconductor device manufacturing method.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing a main configuration of a CMP apparatus as an example of a polishing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a polishing head included in the CMP apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the polishing head.
- FIG. 4 is a front view showing a main configuration of a CMP device according to a first modification.
- FIG. 5 is a front view showing a main configuration of a CMP device according to a second modification.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of the semiconductor device according to the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 shows a main configuration of a CMP apparatus (chemical mechanical polishing apparatus) which is a typical example of the polishing apparatus according to the present invention.
- the CMP apparatus 1 detachably mounts a semiconductor wafer 20 (hereinafter, referred to as a wafer 20) as an object to be polished on an upper surface side thereof.
- a holding table 25 capable of holding by suction, and a polishing pad 6 provided at a position above the wafer holding table 25 and facing the surface 21 to be polished of the wafer 20 held on the wafer holding table 25.
- a polishing head 30 holding a polishing member 40 to which the reference numeral 0 is attached.
- the dimension (diameter) of the polishing pad 60 is smaller than the dimension (diameter) of the wafer 20 (that is, the polishing pad 60 has a smaller diameter than the wafer 20).
- the entire surface to be polished (upper surface) of the wafer 20 can be polished by relatively moving both the wafer 20 and the wafer 20 in contact with the wafer 20.
- the wafer holding table 25 is a disk-shaped rotary table having substantially the same diameter as the wafer 20, and is attached to the upper end of a vertically extending rotary shaft 24 and held in a substantially horizontal posture. .
- a vacuum chuck (not shown) is provided on the upper surface of the wafer holding table 25, so that the wafer 20 can be detachably sucked and held on the upper surface side of the wafer holding table 25.
- the rotating shaft 24 is driven to rotate about a vertical axis by using a wafer rotating mechanism 23 (see FIG. 1) having an electric motor (not shown). Table 25 can be rotated in the horizontal plane.
- the wafer holding table 25 is an object holder in the present invention.
- the polishing head 30 is attached to the lower end of a spindle 29 extending vertically.
- the spindle 29 is driven to rotate around a vertical axis by using a polishing head rotating mechanism 28 (see FIG. 1) having an electric motor (not shown).
- a polishing head rotating mechanism 28 having an electric motor (not shown).
- the spindle 29 is configured to be three-dimensionally movable in parallel by using a polishing head moving mechanism 27 (see FIG. 1) having a plurality of electric motors (not shown).
- the polishing head 30 can be moved three-dimensionally, that is, in the vertical and horizontal directions, and in the front and rear directions while maintaining the vertical posture.
- the polishing head moving mechanism 27 is the vertical mechanism in the present invention.
- the polishing head 30 has a disk member 31a connected to the lower end of the spindle 29 by a bolt B5 and a bolt on the outer periphery of the lower surface of the disk member 31a.
- Head housing 31 consisting of cylindrical member 3 1b joined by B1, holding ring 32 fixed to the lower end of cylindrical member 31b by bolts B2, and holding these cylindrical members 31b It has a disk-shaped drive plate 10 and a diaphragm 35 whose outer peripheral portion is held by the ring 32, and the above-mentioned polishing member 40 attached to the lower surface of the diaphragm 35. Is done.
- a cylindrical space H having an opening on the lower surface side is formed in the head housing 31, and this space H is covered by the diaphragm 35 as described later. Is formed.
- the polishing member 40 is disposed so as to pass through the opening of the head housing 31.
- the drive plate 10 is made of an elastically deformable metal plate such as an austenitic stainless steel plate, and is made by forming a large number of concentrically arranged holes on a disk having a circular hole 11 formed in the center. ing.
- the diaphragm 35 is made by forming a rubber sheet of a predetermined thickness (relatively thin) into a disk shape having the same diameter as the drive plate 10. At the center of the diaphragm 35, a circular hole 35a having the same diameter as the circular hole 11 of the drive plate 10 is formed.
- the drive plate 1 ⁇ and the diaphragm 35 are vertically stacked, and the outer periphery thereof is fixed substantially horizontally by being sandwiched between the head housing 31 and the holding ring 32 as described above. You.
- the drive plate 10 and the diaphragm 35 are elastic members in the present invention.
- the polishing member 40 has a disk-like shape attached to the lower surface of the diaphragm 35. It comprises a reference plate 41 and a polishing tool 50 which is detachably attached to the lower surface of the reference plate 41 by vacuum suction.
- a disk-shaped center member 44 having a radius slightly smaller than the circular holes 11 1 and 35 a of the drive plate 10 and the diaphragm 35 is fixed to the center plate upper surface side of the reference plate 41 by bolts B 3.
- the inner peripheral portions of the drive plate 10 and the diaphragm 35 aligned with the center member 44 are fixed to the reference plate 41 and the upper surface of the reference plate 41 by bolts B 4. Holding member 4 5.
- the reference plate 41 (that is, the polishing member 40) is attached to the head housing 31 using the drive plate 10 having elasticity and the diaphragm 35 so as to be able to move up and down, and the spindle 29 is The rotational driving force is transmitted to the reference plate 41 via the drive plate 10.
- a diaphragm 35 that is attached to and overlaps the drive plate 10 covers the internal space H of the head housing 31 from the lower surface in a sealed state to form a pressure chamber.
- the outer diameter of the fringe 41 a protruding outward from the outer peripheral portion of the reference plate 41 is determined by the fringe 3 protruding inward from the inner peripheral portion of the retaining ring 32.
- the polishing tool 50 was attached to a disk-shaped node plate 51 having substantially the same outer diameter as the reference plate 41, and to a polishing pad mounting surface 51a, which is the lower surface of the pad plate 51. It consists of a circular polishing pad (polishing cloth) 60.
- the polishing pad 60 is a consumable that deteriorates due to polishing, the polishing pad 60 can be detachably attached to the polishing pad mounting surface 51a (for example, with an adhesive), and replacement work is performed. Easy going.
- an air suction passage 71 having a plurality of suction openings is formed on the lower surface side inside the reference plate 41, and the air suction passage 71 is located at the center. It also extends to the member 44 side, and opens to the inner space (pressure chamber) H side of the head housing 31.
- a suction pipe 72 extending through an air supply passage 80 formed through the center of the spindle 29 is connected to this opening, and a pad plate 51 is provided on the lower surface side of the reference plate 41. By sucking air from the suction pipe 72 in the state of being positioned, the pad plate 51 can be attached to the reference plate 41 by suction.
- the pad plate 51 is centered and rotationally positioned by a center pin P 1 and a positioning pin P 2 provided between the pad plate 51 and the reference plate 41.
- an abrasive supply pipe 81 connected to an abrasive supply device 87 extends in the air supply passage 80 and is located between the spindle 29 and the center member 44.
- Flow path 83 provided through the center member 44 via the connecting member 82, the flow path 84 passing through the center pin P1, and the flow formed in the node plate 51. It is connected to a passage 85 and a passage 86 provided in the polishing pad 60.
- the air supply passage 80 is connected to an air supply source 89 via a regulator 888, and the air in the pressure chamber H is supplied by the air pressure supplied from the air supply source 89.
- the pressure can be adjusted and set to a desired pressure.
- the polishing head 30 and the spindle 29 are simplified for the sake of explanation, and other components are schematically shown.
- the spindle 29 is provided with a lock mechanism 91, and upon receiving a lock operation signal from the control unit 90, moves the spindle 29, that is, the polishing head 30 up and down (rotation is (Unregulated) Configured to regulate.
- the lock mechanism 91 there is a configuration in which a brake (not shown) using a magnet or a stopper (not shown) that can be displaced is fixed.
- a strain gauge 92 is mounted on the drive plate 10 in the radial direction of the drive plate 10, and the amount of deformation of the drive plate 10 in the vertical direction is increased. And outputs the detection signal to the control unit 90.
- the strain gauge 92 is a displacement detection unit in the present invention.
- the control unit 90 outputs a wafer rotation signal to the wafer rotation mechanism 23, outputs a head rotation signal to the polishing head rotation mechanism 28, and moves the head to the polishing head movement mechanism 27.
- a signal is output, an abrasive supply signal is output to the abrasive supply device 87, an air supply signal is output to the regulator 88, and a lock operation signal is output to the lock mechanism 91.
- the control unit 90 receives the detection signal from the strain gauge 92.
- the wafer 20 to be polished is attached to the upper surface of the wafer holding table 25 by suction (at this time, the center of the wafer 20 is set).
- the wafer rotation table 23 coincides with the rotation center of the wafer holding table 25), and the wafer rotation mechanism 23 is operated by the wafer rotation signal output from the control unit 90 to rotate the wafer holding table 25.
- the controller 90 outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27 (by the polishing head moving mechanism 27) so that the polishing head 30 is placed on the wafer 20.
- the control unit 90 By outputting a head rotation signal to the polishing head rotating mechanism 28, the spindle 29 and the polishing head 30 rotate (by the polishing head rotating mechanism 28). Subsequently, the control unit 90 outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27 so that the polishing head 30 moves downward (by the polishing head moving mechanism 27), The lower surface (polished surface) of the polishing pad 60 contacts the upper surface (polished surface) of the pad 20.
- the polishing member 40 is held by the elastic drive plate 10 and the diaphragm 35 so as to be able to move up and down, when the head housing 31 of the polishing head 30 further descends, the polishing member 40 moves upward relative to the head housing 31 (while remaining in contact with the wafer 20), and the amount of downward deformation of the drive plate 10 and the diaphragm 35 is accordingly reduced. Decreases.
- the air pressure in the pressure chamber H is atmospheric pressure and the polishing member 40 is not in contact with the wafer 20
- the drive plate 10 and the diaphragm 35 are elastically deformed downward by the weight of the polishing member 40. It will be in the state of having done.
- the control unit 90 When the amount of deformation (up and down) of the drive plate 10 detected by the strain gauge 92 falls within a predetermined value near zero, the control unit 90 outputs a lock operation signal to the lock mechanism 91, The lock mechanism 91 operates to restrict the vertical movement of the polishing head 30.
- polishing is started when the amount of deformation of the drive plate 10 becomes close to zero (that is, the drive plate 10 is substantially horizontal). Therefore, an error in the polishing load of the polishing member 40 due to a change in the thickness of the polishing pad 60 can be eliminated, and the processing accuracy of the wafer 20 can be improved.
- the control unit 90 outputs an air supply signal to the regulator chamber 88 (via the regulator module 88) so that a predetermined air pressure is generated from the air supply source 89 into the pressure chamber H.
- the contact pressure between the wafer 20 and the polishing pad 60, that is, the polishing load of the polishing member 40 on the wafer 20 is set to a predetermined value by the air pressure in the pressure chamber H.
- the controller 90 outputs a head movement signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27 (by the polishing head moving mechanism 27) so that the polishing head 30 is substantially in a horizontal plane (wafer 20). And the polishing pad 60 (inward of the contact surface).
- the control unit 90 outputs a polishing agent supply signal to the polishing agent supply device 87, so that the polishing agent (liquid slurry containing silica particles) is pumped from the polishing agent supply device 87 and the polishing is performed.
- An abrasive is supplied to the lower surface of the pad 60.
- the surface 21 to be polished of the wafer 20 is rotated by the rotation of the wafer 20 itself and the rotation and swinging motion of the polishing head 3 ° (that is, the polishing pad 60) while being supplied with the abrasive. And polished.
- the CMP apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, it is possible to eliminate an error in the polishing load of the polishing member 40 due to a change in the thickness of the polishing pad 60.
- the processing accuracy of the wafer 20 can be improved.
- the strain gauge 92 as the displacement detecting section according to the present invention, the amount of deformation (in the vertical direction) of the drive plate 10 can be detected more reliably.
- the control unit 90 sets the change speed of the deformation of the drive plate 10 (or the diaphragm 35) detected by the strain gauge 92 to a predetermined value. If it exceeds, it preferably functions as an operation stopping means for stopping the operation of the polishing head 30.
- the changing speed of the deformation amount of the drive plate 10 is the deformation amount of the drive plate 10 per a certain minute unit time.
- the polishing member 40 that has been in contact with the wafer 20 is greatly lowered. This is a value that can simulate a situation where the drive plate 10 is largely displaced downward by descending.
- the operation of the polishing head 30 can be stopped.
- the polishing can be continued without noticing the protrusion, and the polishing member 40 or the wafer holding table 25 can be prevented from being damaged, and the safety can be improved.
- a CMP apparatus 1 ′ shown in FIG. 4 is a first modification of the above-described CMP apparatus 1, and the amount of deformation of the drive plate 10 (or the diaphragm 35) detected by the strain gauge 92 is added to the aforementioned CMP apparatus 1.
- the polishing head position detecting section 1 ⁇ 0 for detecting the vertical position of the polishing head 30 and the polishing head detected by the polishing head position detecting section 100 A thickness variation calculator 110 for calculating the thickness variation of the polishing member 40 (specifically, the polishing pad 60) from the variation of the vertical position of the pad 30. It is.
- the polishing head position detection unit 100 detects the vertical position of the polishing head 30.
- polishing is performed by the head position detector 102.
- a polishing head position reader 104 for reading the value of the vertical position of the head 30.
- the thickness change amount calculation unit 110 calculates the thickness change amount of the polishing head 30 from the change in the vertical position of the polishing head 30 read by the polishing head position reader 104. From a computing unit that calculates The vertical position of the polishing head 30 detected by the head position detector 102 is the representative point on the polishing head 30 or a member that moves up and down integrally with the polishing head 30.
- polishing pad 60 before and after the thickness of the polishing pad 60 changes which may be at any position in the vertical direction from any horizontal reference plane fixed to the CMP device 1 ′ (does not move in the vertical direction). It suffices if the relative movement amount of the vertical position of 0 can be detected.
- the polishing pad that decreases with the progress of polishing is used.
- the amount of decrease in thickness of the layer 60 (the amount of decrease in thickness) can be measured.
- To measure the initial thickness of the polishing pad 60 first, lower the polishing head 30 with the polishing pad 60 not attached to the lower surface of the pad plate 51, and The lower surface of the plate 51 is contacted from above with the surface (upper surface) of the wafer 20 (this is not necessarily the wafer 20 to be polished, but may be a dummy wafer of the same thickness). Let it.
- the polishing head 30 which is detected and output by the head position detector 102 is output.
- the value of the up / down direction position (the first value) is read by the polishing head position reader 104, and the value is output to the thickness change amount calculation unit 110.
- the polishing head 30 is once raised, and the polishing pad 60 is mounted on the lower surface of the pad plate 51. Then, the polishing head 30 is lowered and the polishing pad 60 is removed. The lower surface is brought into contact with the surface of the wafer 20 from above.
- the thickness variation calculator 110 calculates the difference between the first value and the second value and stores the difference as the initial thickness of the polishing pad 60 attached to the lower surface of the pad plate 51. I do.
- polishing is performed for the wafer 20 by the method described above.
- polishing may be interrupted by dressing or the like to raise the polishing head 30.
- the amount of deformation of the drive plate 10 detected by the gauge 92 may be close to zero, and the vertical position (the third value) of the polishing head 30 at this time is the same as above. If read in the procedure, the thickness of the polishing pad 60 reduced in the polishing process from the difference between the second value and the third value, that is, the thickness reduction amount of the polishing pad 60 is measured.
- the current thickness of the polishing pad 60 can also be determined from the thickness reduction amount and the initial thickness.
- the change in the thickness of the polishing pad 60 can be monitored, so that the life management of the polishing pad 60 is very easy. Further, adjustment of the contact pressure (contact pressure of the polishing member 40 with respect to the wafer 20) according to the thickness of the polishing pad 60 becomes very easy.
- the strain gauge 92 is used to move the drive plate 10 (in the vertical direction). Although the amount of deformation is detected, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG.
- the magnetic sensor 93 (or the magnetic sensor 93 (or Optical sensor) and a magnetic sensor 93 (or optical sensor) and drive play
- the amount of deformation (up and down) of the drive plate 10 may be detected and output to the control unit 90.
- the displacement detection unit that detects the amount of deformation of the drive plate 10 (or the diaphragm 35) attaches a member (eg, a coil-side member) that moves relatively to the drive plate 10 and a member on the other side. (For example, a core side member) may be attached to the polishing head 30 to form a differential transformer.
- the polishing head moving mechanism 27 that holds the polishing head 30 so as to be able to move vertically, horizontally, and back and forth is used as the vertical mechanism according to the present invention.
- the rotating shaft (spindle) connected to the polishing head a mouth-to-roll revolving spline that holds the rotating shaft so as to be rotatable and vertically movable, and a rotating shaft
- An electric motor that rotates and a cylinder that drives the rotary shaft in the vertical direction may be provided, and the polishing head may be configured to be able to move up and down (via the rotary shaft) by driving the cylinder up and down. Any mechanism may be used as long as the mechanism is capable of vertically moving the door.
- polishing member In addition to the change in thickness of the polishing member (polishing pad), it is also possible to eliminate the influence on the polishing characteristics caused by the shift of the contact position of the polishing member (polishing pad) with the semiconductor substrate due to the variation in the thickness of the semiconductor wafer. it can.
- the CMP apparatus 1 ⁇ ⁇ shown in FIG. 5 is a second modification of the above-described CMP apparatus 1.
- the apparatus instead of the strain gauge 92 (or the magnetic sensor 93), The apparatus is provided with a measuring device 150 for measuring a change in the thickness of the polishing pad 60 (polishing member 40).
- the measuring device 150 is a commercially available contact stylus displacement meter provided on the side of the wafer holding table 25, and the stylus 150 comes in contact with the polishing surface of the polishing pad 60. Move up and down according to height, touch By sliding the needle 15 1 in the radial direction of the polishing pad 60, the thickness distribution of the polishing pad 60 in the radial direction can be measured.
- an average value of the thickness distribution in the radial direction (the maximum value or the minimum value may be used) may be employed.
- the measuring device 150 for example, an optical displacement meter may be used instead of the contact stylus displacement meter.
- the data (measurement signal) of the thickness of the polishing pad 60 measured as described above is input from the measuring device 150 to the control unit 90 ⁇
- the control unit 900 of the CMP apparatus 1 according to the modification of the second embodiment relates to the present invention according to the thickness data (measurement signal) of the polishing pad 60 output from the measuring device 150.
- the operation of the polishing head moving mechanism 27 and the lock mechanism 91 serving as the vertical position adjusting means is controlled.
- the polishing of the wafer 20 is performed by first adsorbing the wafer 20 onto the upper surface of the holding table 25 in the same manner as the CMP apparatus 1 described above.
- the wafer holding table 25 is rotated by the wafer rotating mechanism 23.
- the control unit 90 outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27 so that the polishing head 30 is located above the head 20 and the polishing head rotates.
- the spindle 29 and the polishing head 30 rotate.
- the control unit 90 ⁇ outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27, so that the polishing head 30 moves downward, and the lower surface (polishing head) of the polishing pad 60 is moved.
- the polished surface comes into contact with the upper surface (polished surface) of the substrate.
- the control unit 90 "outputs a poke operation signal to the poke mechanism 91, and the poke mechanism 91 operates to regulate the vertical movement of the polishing head 30.
- the position at which the movement of the head 30 is restricted depends on the thickness of the polishing pad 60.
- the rate (vertical direction) deformation of the rate 10 is set to be close to zero.
- a predetermined air pressure is supplied into the pressure chamber H, the polishing load of the polishing member 40 on the wafer 20 is set to a predetermined value, and the polishing head 30 is reduced. While swinging in a substantially horizontal plane (in the in-plane direction of the contact surface between the wafer 20 and the polishing pad 60), the polishing agent is supplied to the lower surface side of the polishing pad 60. As a result, the surface 21 to be polished of the wafer 20 is rotated by the rotation of the wafer 20 itself, the rotation of the polishing head 30 (that is, the rotation of the polishing pad 60), and the rotational motion of the polishing head 30 while being supplied with the abrasive. And polished.
- the polished wafer 20 is removed from the wafer holding table 25, and predetermined cleaning and the like are performed. Then, a new wafer 20 is attached by suction to the upper surface of the wafer holding table 25 again, and the polishing by the CMP apparatus 1 is repeated.
- a new wafer 20 is attached by suction to the upper surface of the wafer holding tape 25, and the wafer holding mechanism 25 is driven to rotate by the wafer rotating mechanism 23.
- the control unit 90 outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27 and outputs a lock operation signal to the lock mechanism 91 to thereby polish the polishing head 3. 0 moves to a predetermined measurement position above the measuring instrument 150.
- the thickness of the polishing pad 60 is measured by the measuring device 150, and the measurement data (measurement signal) is input to the control unit 90 #.
- the control unit 90 outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27 so that the polishing head 30 is positioned above the head 20 and the polishing head is rotated.
- the control unit 90 ⁇ outputs a head moving signal to the polishing head moving mechanism 27, so that the polishing head 30 moves downward, and the lower surface of the polishing pad 60 (polishing head). ) Comes into contact with the upper surface (polished surface) of the wafer 20.
- the control unit 90 outputs a lock operation signal to the lock mechanism 91, and the opening mechanism 91 operates to restrict the vertical movement of the polishing head 30.
- the position at which the vertical movement of the polishing head 30 is restricted is set as described above according to a change in the thickness of the polishing pad 60 (input to the control unit 90 ").
- the position is adjusted below (or above) the position so that even if the polishing pad 60 is worn, the amount of deformation (in the vertical direction) of the drive plate 10 is adjusted to be close to zero.
- a predetermined air pressure is supplied into the pressure chamber H, so that the polishing load of the polishing member 40 on the wafer 20 is set to a predetermined value, and the polishing head 30 is substantially in a horizontal plane (the polishing with the wafer 20). (In the direction of the contact surface with the pad 60), and the polishing agent is supplied to the lower surface side of the polishing pad 60.
- the surface 21 to be polished of the wafer 20 is rotated by the rotation of the wafer 20 itself and the rotation and oscillation of the polishing head 30 (that is, the polishing pad 60) while being supplied with the polishing agent. Polished by dynamic motion.
- the control unit 90 ⁇ also controls the polishing head moving mechanism 27 and the lock mechanism 9 according to the thickness of the polishing pad 60 output from the measuring device 150 (measurement signal). By controlling the operation of 1 (vertical position adjusting means), it is possible to more reliably cope with a change in the thickness of the polishing pad 60.
- the polishing pad when a new polishing pad 60 is used for the first time, the polishing pad is measured by the measuring device 150. Measure the thickness of 60, and measure the thickness of the polishing pad 60 (depending on the measurement signal) Deformation of drive plate 10 (in the vertical direction) A position at which the vertical movement of the polishing head 30 is regulated may be set so that the amount is close to zero.
- the control unit 90 ⁇ controls the thickness of the polishing pad 60 output from the measuring device 150.
- the operation of the polishing head moving mechanism 27 and the lock mechanism 91 (vertical position adjusting means) is controlled according to the data (measurement signal) of the above, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a displacement detection unit for example, a strain gauge 92 or a magnetic sensor 93 in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a semiconductor device manufacturing process.
- an appropriate processing step is selected from the following steps S201 to S204 in step S200, and the process proceeds to any one of the steps.
- step S201 is an oxidation step of oxidizing the surface of the wafer.
- step S202 is a CVD step of forming an insulating film or a dielectric film on the surface of the substrate by CVD or the like.
- Step S203 is an electrode forming step of forming electrodes on the substrate by vapor deposition or the like.
- Step S204 is an ion implantation step of implanting ions into the wafer.
- Step S205 is a CMP process.
- the polishing apparatus according to the present invention is used to planarize an interlayer The polishing of the metal film and the polishing of the dielectric film are performed, and the damascene process may be applied.
- Step S206 is a photolithography step. In this process, a resist is applied to the wafer, a circuit pattern is printed on the wafer by exposure using an exposure apparatus, and the exposed wafer is developed. Further, the next step S207 is an etching step in which portions other than the developed resist image are removed by etching, and then the resist is peeled off to remove unnecessary resist after etching.
- step S208 it is determined in step S208 whether all necessary steps have been completed. If not, the process returns to step S200, and the previous steps are repeated to form a circuit pattern on the wafer. If it is determined in step S208 that all steps have been completed, the process ends.
- the polishing apparatus according to the present invention since the polishing apparatus according to the present invention is used in the CMP step, the processing accuracy and the yield of the wafer are improved. As a result, there is an effect that a semiconductor device can be manufactured at a lower cost than a conventional semiconductor device manufacturing method.
- the polishing apparatus according to the present invention may be used in a CMP process of a semiconductor device manufacturing process other than the above semiconductor device manufacturing process.
- a semiconductor device manufactured by the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the present invention is a high-yield, low-cost semiconductor device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2005513170A JPWO2005016595A1 (ja) | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-05 | 研磨装置、これを用いた半導体デバイス製造方法およびこの方法により製造される半導体デバイス |
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PCT/JP2004/011566 WO2005016595A1 (ja) | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-05 | 研磨装置、これを用いた半導体デバイス製造方法およびこの方法により製造される半導体デバイス |
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Cited By (2)
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KR20150005680A (ko) * | 2012-04-28 | 2015-01-14 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 화학적 기계적 평탄화 전 버핑 모듈을 위한 방법 및 장치 |
JP2018001325A (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-11 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | ヘッド高さ調整装置およびヘッド高さ調整装置を備える基板処理装置 |
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JPH11860A (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-06 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ウェーハ研磨装置 |
JPH11156711A (ja) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-15 | Nec Corp | 研磨装置 |
JPH11347918A (ja) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-12-21 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | 研磨装置 |
JP2001054860A (ja) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ウェーハの研磨状態検出方法及びウェーハ保持ヘッド |
JP2001138229A (ja) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-22 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ウェーハ研磨状態検出装置および方法 |
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- 2004-08-05 JP JP2005513170A patent/JPWO2005016595A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-08-05 WO PCT/JP2004/011566 patent/WO2005016595A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-08-19 TW TW093124925A patent/TW200526356A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (5)
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JPH11347918A (ja) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-12-21 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | 研磨装置 |
JPH11860A (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-06 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ウェーハ研磨装置 |
JPH11156711A (ja) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-15 | Nec Corp | 研磨装置 |
JP2001054860A (ja) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ウェーハの研磨状態検出方法及びウェーハ保持ヘッド |
JP2001138229A (ja) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-22 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ウェーハ研磨状態検出装置および方法 |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20150005680A (ko) * | 2012-04-28 | 2015-01-14 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 화학적 기계적 평탄화 전 버핑 모듈을 위한 방법 및 장치 |
JP2015517923A (ja) * | 2012-04-28 | 2015-06-25 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッドApplied Materials,Incorporated | ケミカルメカニカル平坦化前バフ研磨モジュールのための方法及び装置 |
KR102128393B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-28 | 2020-06-30 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 화학적 기계적 평탄화 전 버핑 모듈을 위한 방법 및 장치 |
JP2018001325A (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-11 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | ヘッド高さ調整装置およびヘッド高さ調整装置を備える基板処理装置 |
US10556314B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2020-02-11 | Ebara Corporation | Head height adjustment device and substrate processing apparatus provided with head height adjustment device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2005016595A1 (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
TW200526356A (en) | 2005-08-16 |
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