WO2005004535A1 - パネル型スピーカ - Google Patents
パネル型スピーカ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005004535A1 WO2005004535A1 PCT/JP2004/009323 JP2004009323W WO2005004535A1 WO 2005004535 A1 WO2005004535 A1 WO 2005004535A1 JP 2004009323 W JP2004009323 W JP 2004009323W WO 2005004535 A1 WO2005004535 A1 WO 2005004535A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exciter
- panel
- type speaker
- beams
- speaker
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vibration-mode panel-type speaker, and more particularly to a panel-type speaker suitable for combination with a thin display device such as a liquid crystal panel or a plasma panel.
- Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 The present applicant has already filed several patent applications for a panel speaker of the vibration mode type (Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
- this vibration mode type speaker the front end surface of a bobbin that holds the voice coil of an electromagnetic exciter (vibration device) is attached to the back of a flat plate (panel) whose peripheral part is fixed via a soft elastic body.
- the magnetic circuit of this exciter is also fixed to a case or the like via a soft elastic body.
- a patent for a panel type speaker suitable for combination with a thin display device such as a liquid crystal panel or a plasma panel
- This panel-type speaker is configured such that a light-transmitting flat plate (panel) such as a protective cover or a polarizing filter disposed on the front of the thin display device is also used as a diaphragm of the vibration-mode panel-type speaker.
- References 5 and 6 disclose the basic structure 'principle of the panel-type speaker of the present invention.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-10-243491 ( Figure 3)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 331966 (Fig. 2)
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-1-331969 ( Figure 3)
- Patent Document 4 JP 2001-189978 (FIGS. 1 to 5)
- Patent Document 5 JP-T-2002-539699
- Patent Document 6 JP-T-2003-520540
- a large-area vibrating plate that also serves as a protective plate for a display device is provided on the small-area end surface of the electromagnetic exciter. Because of the excitation configuration, the excitation efficiency is not sufficient, and there is room for improvement. Further, the conventional panel-type speaker requires a mechanism for holding an electromagnetic exciter, and has a problem that the structure becomes complicated. Furthermore, it is difficult to add an adjustment mechanism for sound quality correction to the electromagnetic type exciter with the conventional panel type speed, and there is a problem in sound quality.
- References 5 and 6 disclose the basic structure of a panel-type loudspeaker. In the present invention, in order to improve the handling as an exciter using a bimorph-type beam and to improve the reliability, You.
- a panel-type speaker includes a bimorph-type beam made of a piezoelectric material as a material for exciting radial vibration, an exciter provided with a beam holding unit for holding the beam, and an exciter coupled to and connected to the exciter.
- a vibration plate that also serves as a transparent protection plate of the display device that generates radial vibration based on vibration transmitted from the exciter.
- the bottom surface of the beam holding portion of the exciter has an area equal to or more than a quarter of the area of the largest beam, and is held on the diaphragm by being fixed to the surface of the diaphragm.
- the panel-type speaker of the present invention is displayed by an exciter equipped with a bimorph-type beam having a bimorph-type beam for exciting radial vibration and a holding unit having a beam length longer than 1Z4. Since the diaphragm, which also serves as the transparent protective plate of the apparatus, is radially vibrated, the area of the joint with the diaphragm can be increased, and high excitation efficiency and strong fixation can be realized.
- the structure of the holding mechanism of the exciter is simpler than that of the electromagnetic type. Furthermore, in the exciter of the present invention, it is easy to add an adjustment mechanism for sound quality correction. As a result, it is possible to improve the sound quality.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a combination of a panel-type speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention and a liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing an exciter of the panel-type speaker in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing the exciter of the panel-type speaker in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner from the opposite side.
- FIG. 4 is a front view showing a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 Experimental data showing sound pressure level versus frequency characteristics of the panel type speaker shown in FIG. 4 in comparison with other panel type speakers without an acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD.
- FIG. 6 is a front view showing a configuration of a panel-type speaker according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a front view showing a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is experimental data showing sound pressure level versus frequency characteristics of the panel type speaker shown in FIG. 7 in comparison with another panel type speaker without a spacer SP.
- FIG. 9 is a front view showing a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a combination of a panel-type speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention and a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device LCD is drawn from the back side.
- a diaphragm P which also serves as a transparent protective plate for protecting the display surface, is attached to the front of the liquid crystal display device LCD.
- the vibrating plate P extends to the outside of the display surface on one side of the liquid crystal display device LCD, and an exciter EX is attached to the back surface of the extended portion with an adhesive.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are enlarged views of the configuration of the exciter EX shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view seen from the same side as FIG. 1
- FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view as viewed from the side of FIG.
- the exciter EX includes two bimorph-type beams Bl and B2 having different lengths, and a beam holding portion S that holds the two beams at a central portion. I have.
- the beams Bl and B2 have a bimorph-type structure, and have a structure in which metal thin-film electrodes are formed on both front and back surfaces of an elongated plate-like piezoelectric element having a rectangular cross-sectional shape by vapor deposition or the like.
- the beam holding portion S has a structure in which a beam holding wall SW is formed in a central portion of a U-shaped outer frame, and is made of a material such as plastic.
- the beam holding wall SW is formed with a through hole having a rectangular cross section through which the beams Bl and B2 pass, and the beams Bl and B2 are held inside the through holes by fixing the respective central portions thereof with an adhesive. ing.
- An AC signal voltage is supplied between the electrodes on the front and back surfaces of the beams Bl and B2 through a signal line (not shown) and a corresponding signal terminal T fixed to the beam holding unit S.
- Each of the beams Bl and B2 starts radial vibration according to the amplitude and frequency of this signal. Since the frequency characteristics of the bending vibration depend on the lengths of the beams Bl and B2, different lengths are set for the beams Bl and B2 in order to broaden the vibration characteristics.
- the radial vibrations excited by the beams Bl and B2 are transmitted to the beam holding wall SW, and transmitted to the bottom surface of the outer frame of the beam holding unit S.
- the bottom surface of the outer frame of the beam holding unit S starts to vibrate along the direction normal to the diaphragm P, and the diaphragm P is excited by radial vibration.
- the radial vibration is reduced.
- the exciter of the present invention does not need to fix the beam holding portion S to a holding bracket attached to the liquid crystal display device LCD or a frame for accommodating the liquid crystal display device. The structure is simplified.
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. In this drawing, components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are the same components as those described with reference to the respective drawings, and a duplicate description thereof will be omitted.
- This embodiment has a structure in which an acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD is added to the top surface of the beam holding unit S that holds the beams Bl and B2.
- the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD has a structure in which a polyurethane foam plate C and a metal plate W are laminated on the top surface of the beam holding portion S with an adhesive.
- Potential energy is mainly accumulated and released in the polyurethane foam plate C as it expands and contracts in the thickness direction, and kinetic energy is mainly accumulated and released in the metal plate W due to vertical vibration. Is done. As a result, resonance occurs at a frequency at which the potential energy stored and released is equal to the kinetic energy. Due to the large attenuation of vibration inside the polyurethane foam plate C, the Q value of this resonance is low, and the excess sound pressure level at the resonance frequency is reduced. As a result, the sound pressure level versus frequency characteristic is flattened by the addition of the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD.
- FIG. 5 is experimental data showing the effect of adding the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD.
- the dotted line is the experimental data showing the sound pressure level vs. frequency characteristics before adding the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD
- the solid line is the experimental data showing the sound pressure level vs. frequency characteristics after adding the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD. It is.
- the addition of the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD lowers the sound pressure level, especially in the midrange, and flattens the sound pressure level versus frequency characteristics as a whole.
- the acoustic characteristic adjusting mechanism by adopting the laminated structure of the cushion layer and the metal plate as the acoustic characteristic adjusting mechanism, the Q value of the resonance with respect to the radial vibration of the beam is reduced, Improvement of acoustic characteristics such as flattening of sound pressure level versus frequency characteristics is achieved.
- FIG. 6 is a front view showing a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the acoustic characteristic adjustment mechanism AD is composed of a panel G. Yes. That is, a small diameter circular post PO is formed on the top surface of the beam holding portion S, and a panel G made of phosphor bronze or the like is fixed on the top surface of the post PO with an adhesive. Radial vibration is excited in the panel G, and the vibration energy is consumed inside the panel, thereby achieving a flat sound pressure level versus frequency characteristic as in the case of FIG.
- the acoustic characteristic adjusting mechanism AD by adopting a structure such as a panel panel G extending along the beam length direction as the acoustic characteristic adjusting mechanism AD, radial vibration of the beam is achieved. Therefore, the sound quality is improved by lowering the Q value of the resonance with respect to the sound pressure and flattening the sound pressure level versus frequency characteristics.
- FIG. 7 is a front view showing a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention. Also in this figure, duplicate description is omitted for the components already described.
- a rectangular parallelepiped spacer SP made of urethane is bonded and fixed to the surface of the beam B2 facing the end of the beam B1.
- the spacer SP performs an amplitude limiting function of limiting the amplitude of the radial vibration of the beams Bl and B2 to a certain value or less. In other words, even if the amplitude of the radial vibration of the beams Bl and B2 increases and the two ends try to approach a distance less than a certain distance, the approach is prevented by the spacer SP.
- FIG. 8 is experimental data showing the effect when the spacer SP is added.
- the dotted line is the experimental data showing the sound pressure level vs. frequency characteristics before adding the spacer SP
- the solid line is the experimental data showing the sound pressure level vs. frequency characteristics after adding the spacer SP.
- the beam is composed of two beams Bl and B2 having different lengths, and one of the beams is used to keep an interval between the other beam and the other beam at a certain value or more.
- FIG. 9 is a front view showing a configuration of an exciter of a panel type speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the beams Bl and B2 are completely inside the beam holding section S.
- the beam holding portion S is extended in the longitudinal direction of the beams Bl and B2 so that it can be accommodated, and has a structure that also serves as a case.
- a coupling portion L is formed at the end of the beam holding portion S, and the rigidity is increased.
- the beam holding portion S of the exciter is extended in the length direction of the beams Bl and B2 to house the beam inside, and also has a box-shaped structure, thereby also serving as a beam protection function. Further, it is arranged on the front surface of the display device, and is configured so as to increase the strength of fixation with a double-sided tape or an adhesive or the like to the diaphragm which also protects the display device.
- the beams Bl and B2 having a thin and fragile structure are accommodated in the beam holding portion S of the exciter also serving as a case, so that an It is possible to completely eliminate the possibility that the beam is damaged due to hand contact or the like. Also, even if the beam attempts to shake excessively due to a large impact force generated at the time of a fall or the like, the beam is prevented by the case accommodating the beam, so that destruction due to the excessive shake is prevented. In addition, the case is protected even if the beam deflection becomes excessive due to an excessive electric signal.
- the bottom surface of the beam holding unit S of the exciter has a rectangular shape
- the shape of the bottom surface can be selected as appropriate, such as a circle or an ellipse, if necessary.
- P Vibration plate that also serves as a transparent protective plate for liquid crystal display
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/563,356 US20070177746A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Panel type speaker |
JP2005511349A JPWO2005004535A1 (ja) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | パネル型スピーカ |
DE112004001143T DE112004001143T5 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Paneel-Lautsprecher |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-189935 | 2003-07-02 | ||
JP2003189935 | 2003-07-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005004535A1 true WO2005004535A1 (ja) | 2005-01-13 |
Family
ID=33562311
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/009323 WO2005004535A1 (ja) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | パネル型スピーカ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070177746A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005004535A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1813488A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112004001143T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005004535A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007096432A (ja) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-12 | Hokuriku Electric Ind Co Ltd | 圧電発音体 |
WO2013128670A1 (ja) | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電振動素子,圧電振動装置および携帯端末 |
JP2013229793A (ja) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-11-07 | Kyocera Corp | 電子機器 |
WO2013171916A1 (ja) | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-21 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエータ、圧電振動装置および携帯端末 |
JP2013243501A (ja) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-12-05 | Kyocera Corp | 電子機器 |
KR20140087945A (ko) | 2012-05-14 | 2014-07-09 | 쿄세라 코포레이션 | 압전 액추에이터, 압전 진동 장치 및 휴대 단말 |
KR20140099563A (ko) | 2012-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 쿄세라 코포레이션 | 압전 액추에이터, 압전 진동 장치 및 휴대 단말 |
JP5579627B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-25 | 2014-08-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 圧電型音響変換器 |
US8952598B2 (en) | 2012-05-12 | 2015-02-10 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric actuator, piezoelectric vibration apparatus and portable terminal having a region that is not flat for bonding to a flexible substrate |
US9590162B2 (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2017-03-07 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric vibration component and portable terminal |
US9812630B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-11-07 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric element, and piezoelectric vibrating device, portable terminal, acoustic generator, acoustic generating device and electronic apparatus including the same |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004032223A1 (de) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-19 | Siemens Ag | Audiovisuelle Anordnung |
JP2007028641A (ja) * | 2005-07-19 | 2007-02-01 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 偏光フィルムアセンブリ及びその製造方法、並びにこれを具備した表示装置 |
JP4655243B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-09 | 2011-03-23 | ソニー株式会社 | スピーカシステムおよびスピーカ駆動方法 |
US8879766B1 (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2014-11-04 | Wei Zhang | Flat panel displaying and sounding system integrating flat panel display with flat panel sounding unit array |
CN112492416B (zh) * | 2019-09-11 | 2023-06-27 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | 电子装置 |
US11070899B2 (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2021-07-20 | Innolux Corporation | Electronic device including sound broadcasting element |
KR102668395B1 (ko) | 2019-03-15 | 2024-05-23 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 |
CN111328005B (zh) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-09-10 | 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 | 压电式mems麦克风 |
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JPH02127696A (ja) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-16 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 振動アラーム装置 |
JP3037167U (ja) * | 1996-10-24 | 1997-05-06 | 新世株式会社 | スピーカ |
JP2002232542A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-16 | Taisei Plas Co Ltd | 携帯用通信機器 |
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JPS5932038B2 (ja) * | 1978-05-17 | 1984-08-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | スピ−カ |
JPS6032896U (ja) * | 1983-08-09 | 1985-03-06 | オンキヨー株式会社 | スピ−カ− |
JPS61158787U (ja) * | 1985-03-25 | 1986-10-01 | ||
JPH0384454U (ja) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-08-27 | ||
JP3158674B2 (ja) * | 1992-07-14 | 2001-04-23 | 株式会社村田製作所 | エネルギー閉じ込め型振動装置及び振動エネルギー閉じ込め装置 |
MXPA96000266A (es) * | 1994-05-20 | 2004-09-30 | Shinsei Corp | Dispositivo generador de sonido. |
JP3552294B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-14 | 2004-08-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車載スピーカ装置 |
JP3240455B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-11 | 2001-12-17 | 株式会社ケンウッド | 音響再生装置 |
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US6088464A (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2000-07-11 | Shinsei Corporation | Acoustic piezoelectric vibrator and loudspeaker using the same |
FI104302B1 (fi) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-12-15 | Genelec Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto kaiuttimen mekaanisten resonanssien vaimentamiseksi |
US7151837B2 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2006-12-19 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
JP2002209287A (ja) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-26 | Kazuo Morishita | 音響システム |
JP2005045691A (ja) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-17 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | 圧電振動装置 |
US7475598B2 (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2009-01-13 | New Transducers Limited | Electromechanical force transducer |
US7333621B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2008-02-19 | Ariose Electronics Co., Ltd. | Conductive stub of sound exciter |
US7378776B2 (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2008-05-27 | Ariose Electronics Co. Ltd. | Piezoelectric ceramic composition and piezoelectric elements using the same |
-
2004
- 2004-07-01 JP JP2005511349A patent/JPWO2005004535A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-07-01 DE DE112004001143T patent/DE112004001143T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-01 WO PCT/JP2004/009323 patent/WO2005004535A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-07-01 CN CN200480018464.XA patent/CN1813488A/zh active Pending
- 2004-07-01 US US10/563,356 patent/US20070177746A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
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JPH02127696A (ja) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-16 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 振動アラーム装置 |
JP3037167U (ja) * | 1996-10-24 | 1997-05-06 | 新世株式会社 | スピーカ |
JP2002232542A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-16 | Taisei Plas Co Ltd | 携帯用通信機器 |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4701054B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-27 | 2011-06-15 | 北陸電気工業株式会社 | 圧電発音体 |
JP2007096432A (ja) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-12 | Hokuriku Electric Ind Co Ltd | 圧電発音体 |
US8989412B2 (en) | 2009-05-25 | 2015-03-24 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Piezoelectric acoustic transducer |
JP5579627B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-25 | 2014-08-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 圧電型音響変換器 |
WO2013128670A1 (ja) | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電振動素子,圧電振動装置および携帯端末 |
US9318688B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2016-04-19 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric vibration element, piezoelectric vibration device, and portable terminal |
US9257631B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2016-02-09 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric vibration element, piezoelectric vibration device, and portable terminal |
US9590162B2 (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2017-03-07 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric vibration component and portable terminal |
JP2013229793A (ja) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-11-07 | Kyocera Corp | 電子機器 |
US8952598B2 (en) | 2012-05-12 | 2015-02-10 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric actuator, piezoelectric vibration apparatus and portable terminal having a region that is not flat for bonding to a flexible substrate |
KR20140099564A (ko) | 2012-05-14 | 2014-08-13 | 쿄세라 코포레이션 | 압전 액추에이터, 압전 진동 장치 및 휴대 단말 |
US8994247B2 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2015-03-31 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric actuator, piezoelectric vibration apparatus, and portable terminal |
KR20140087945A (ko) | 2012-05-14 | 2014-07-09 | 쿄세라 코포레이션 | 압전 액추에이터, 압전 진동 장치 및 휴대 단말 |
WO2013171916A1 (ja) | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-21 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエータ、圧電振動装置および携帯端末 |
KR20140099563A (ko) | 2012-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 쿄세라 코포레이션 | 압전 액추에이터, 압전 진동 장치 및 휴대 단말 |
JP2013243501A (ja) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-12-05 | Kyocera Corp | 電子機器 |
US9812630B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-11-07 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric element, and piezoelectric vibrating device, portable terminal, acoustic generator, acoustic generating device and electronic apparatus including the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112004001143T5 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
US20070177746A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
CN1813488A (zh) | 2006-08-02 |
JPWO2005004535A1 (ja) | 2006-11-24 |
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