Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/64—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor for making damp-proof; Protection against corrosion
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/007—Outer coverings for walls with ventilating means
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
  • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
  • E04B2/706—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function
  • E04B2/707—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function obturation by means of panels
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

Definitions

• This invention relates to exterior cladding systems for both residential and commercial buildings and in particular a rainscreen apparatus, system and methods of manufacture and assembly.
• the invention is directed particularly, but not solely to a rainscreen system having a means of pressure equalization with the external environment.
• BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification is provided so that the invention and the advantages of it may be better understood in an appropriate technical context, but should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field.
• an air barrier layer is first placed upon the frame.
• a series of battens are then placed atop the air barrier and attached to the frame underneath.
• a cladding material is typically fixed to the battens.
• the space behind the cladding is usually configured to allow ventilation and removal of any water that may enter the wall cavity. Water trapped in a wall cavity if allowed to remain or accumulate, can affect the durability of frame and cladding components.
• a waterproof membrane such as housewrap, sarking or building paper is the sole air barrier placed upon the building frame. Entry of water, particularly wind driven rain, into buildings can be a problem when such systems are used in high wind areas or on the upper stories of low to medium rise buildings.
• housewraps, sarking materials and the like are flexible and may deform when exposed to wind or more generally when a pressure differential exists on opposite sides of the air barrier; allowing rain or liquid water to enter the wall behind the air barrier, particularly where adjacent sheets of sarking join or overlap, and thereby become trapped within the wall framing with little hope of removal.
• What is needed is a cladding or rainscreen system for buildings that will better protect the building frame from water ingress during periods of wind driven rain. It is an object of the present invention to overcome or substantially ameliorate one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art, or at least to provide a useful alternative.
• the invention broadly provides a rainscreen apparatus including: a substantially rigid air barrier adapted for attachment to a building structure; a rainscreen panel adapted for attachment over the air barrier; a spacing member adapted to provide a clearance space between the air barrier and the rainscreen panel; and sealing means adapted to provide substantial pressure equalisation between the clearance space and the external atmosphere.
• the rainscreen apparatus includes an air vent to atmosphere from the pressure equalised space to allow air pressure within the space to equalise with air pressure externally of the space.
• the clearance space is sealed by the sealing means on the top and sides, and vented at the bottom, to prevent ingress wind forced rain.
• the rainscreen apparatus is suitable for use on building frames with studs placed at predetermined intervals so as to resist water ingress with wind pressure at up to a predetermined level. More preferably, the stud placement is between approximately 400 and 610 mm center to center.
• the predetermined wind pressure is preferably greater than approximately 1 kPa and less than approximately 4.5 kPa.
• the substantially rigid air barrier may be comprised of any polymeric or cellulosic or cementitous material suitably reinforced to provide the degree of rigidity required to resist water ingress when incorporated into a rainscreen apparatus and exposed to a predetermined wind pressure according to a standardized wind test.
• the rigid air barrier is in the form of a panel.
• the air barrier panel is between 2mm and around 15mm in thickness, and more preferably 5mm-7mm thick.
• the air barrier is a panel comprising oriented strandboard, plywood, metal or expanded polymeric foam, or a combination of these materials.
• the panel comprises fibre cement.
• the air barrier is a panel that substantially prevents liquid water from passing therethrough by attachment of a sheet of polymeric or substantially water repellent cellulosic material to the exterior surface of the panel.
• the air barrier is a panel having at least the exterior side treated with a material that repels liquid water.
• the air barrier is panel that contains a water repellent material.
• the rigid air barrier is in the form of at least one thin sheet comprising a polymeric or substantially water repellent cellulosic material, the sheet having relatively rigid reinforcing means attached thereto.
• the thin sheet is a substantially polyolefmic material having relatively rigid reinforcing means comprising a mesh of fibreglass, metal or polymeric material laminated to at least one surface of the thin sheet.
• the relatively rigid reinforcing means may include a series of battens or the like laminated to at least one surface of the thin sheet.
• the rainscreen may be of any exterior cladding known in the art.
• the rainscreen is in the form of a panel comprising a cementitous material, oriented strandboard, plywood, metal, polymeric foam or a combination of these. More preferably the rainscreen panel may be between approximately 2mm- 11mm thick, more preferably 7-11mm thick, and most preferably around 9mm thick.
• the rainscreen panel comprises fibre cement sheet.
• the invention broadly provides a rainscreen air barrier joint seal for sealing a joint between at least two adjacent air barrier panels of rainscreen apparatus, the seal including a sealing strip of a substantially resilient material having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first surface being adapted to contact the panels, and at least one batten provided in use over the second surface of the seal strip, the batten being in contact with the second surface so as to maintain the first surface of the strip in contact with the region of the air barrier adjacent to the joint.
• the first surface has an adhesive provided thereon.
• the second surface has an adhesive provided thereon.
• the invention broadly provides a rainscreen flashing including a first edge portion adapted to be located on or adjacent to a lower edge of an air barrier panel of rainscreen apparatus, a second edge portion adapted to be located on or adjacent to an upper region of a rainscreen panel provided below the air barrier panel, and a central portion which is contiguous with the first and second edge portions and is provided at a substantially obtuse angle to the first and second edge portions.
• the central portion slopes downwardly to allow water to drain over the central portion and exterior to the rainscreen panel.
• the invention broadly provides a rainscreen vent for a rainscreen apparatus having an air barrier panel and a rainscreen panel and a space therebetween, the vent including a first wall adapted for location on or adjacent to the air barrier panel, a second wall adapted to be located on or adjacent to an internal surface of the rainscreen panel, and a central portion connected between the first and second walls, the central portion having one or more apertures therein, the one or more apertures allowing liquid to drain from the space and also allowing ingress of air into the space.
• the invention broadly provides a rainscreen seal construction including a batten for location on an air barrier of a rainscreen apparatus, a sealing member having a base and at least two lips projecting from the base, the lips being spaced from each other, one lip being adapted to make a substantially sealing contact with a rear surface of a first rainscreen panel, and the second lip being adapted to make a substantially sealing contact with the rear surface of a second rainscreen panel, the second panel being located adjacent to the first panel.
• the invention broadly provides a method of constructing a rainscreen, the method including the steps of attaching a substantially rigid air barrier to an external side of a building frame, attaching one or more battens over an exterior surface of the substantially rigid air barrier, and attaching a rainscreen panel over at least one of the battens.
• the substantially rigid air barrier is in the form of a panel.
• the panel is between approximately 2- 15mm thick, and more preferably 5mm-7mm thick.
• the air barrier may be formed from any suitable material including cementitious material, oriented strandboard, plywood, metal, expanded polymeric foam or a combination of these. Most preferably, the panel is formed from fibre cement.
• the rainscreen is in the form of a panel comprising a cementitous material, oriented strandboard, plywood, metal, polymeric foam or a combination of these. More preferably the rainscreen panel may be between approximately 2mm- 11mm thick, more preferably 7-11mm thick, most preferably 9mm thick. Most preferably, the rainscreen panel comprises fibre cement.
• the invention broadly provides a method for constructing a rainscreen, said method including the steps of: providing a substantially rigid air barrier panel; coating the panel with a water resistant material; attaching one or more battens over an exterior surface of the air barrier panel; fixing a rainscreen panel over the battens so that the rainscreen panel is spaced from the air barrier panel; and coating the exterior surface of the rainscreen panel with a substantially water resistant material.
• one or both of the panels may be fibre reinforced cement panels.
• Figure 1 is a front elevation of a two storey building structure
• Figure 2 is a front elevation of the structure of Figure 1 including an air barrier affixed thereto
• Figure 3 is an elevation of Figure 2 further including battens provided over the air barrier
• Figure 4 is a front elevation of the structure of Figure 3 and further including a rainscreen provided over the battens
• Figure 5 is a plan view of Figure 4
• Figure 6 is a side elevation and cross section of detail of A of Figure 4
• Figure 6 A is an isometric sketch of a vent
• Figure 7 is a plan view and cross section of detail B of Figure 4
• Figure 8 is a plan view and cross section of detail C of Figure 4
• Figure 9 is a side elevation and cross section of detail D of Figure 4
• Figure 10 is a partial elevation of Figure 4 showing detail E
• Figure 11 is a side elevation and cross section showing detail F of Figure 4
• Figure 12 is a partial elevation of
• FIG. 1 shows a building structure, having structural concrete supports in the form of concrete columns 1 and a suspended concrete floor 2. Between the concrete structural supports, the framing generally referenced 4 is provided including studs 5 and nogs 6. In this example, the framing is timber but those skilled in the art will appreciate that other framing materials may be used, for example steel frame materials.
• the structure in Figure 1 represents an exposed exterior structure of a building, preferably but not necessarily a commercial building.
• Figure 2 the first step in cladding the framing so as to provide a rainscreen according to the invention is illustrated in which an air barrier generally referenced 8 is provided.
• a number of separate panels are affixed to the framing in order to create the air barrier.
• the number of panels may vary, for example a single panel could be used and the number of panels will vary depending upon the dimensions of the panels that are used and the area of the structure required to be covered, hi Figure 2, 12 air barrier panels, each referenced 10 are shown.
• the panels are preferably fibre cement panels (for example Hardiflex® manfufactured by James Hardie Building Products Pty. Ltd). However, panels of wood, wood composite (such as oriented strandboard or plywood), metal, expanded polymeric foam or composite panels comprising these materials will also make suitable rigid air barrier.
• a sealing strip 12 is provided as will be described in more detail below.
• the rigid air barrier is in the form of at least one thin sheet comprising a polymeric or substantially water repellent cellulosic material, said sheet having a relatively rigid reinforcing means attached thereto.
• the thin sheet is a substantially polyolefin material having a relatively rigid reinforcing means comprising a mesh of fibreglass, metal or polymeric material laminated to at least one surface of the thin sheet.
• the relatively rigid reinforcing means is a series of battens or the like laminated to at least one surface of the thin sheet. In Figure 3, spacers in the form of battens 14 are shown placed over the air barrier.
• the battens are preferably constructed from a treated timber material and are preferably 50 mm x 20 mm in cross section.
• Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other materials may be used to provide spacers, for example comprised of metal or polymeric composite
• Further battens or spacers 16 may also be provided if necessary.
• Figure 4 the structure of Figure 3 is shown with rain barrier panels 20 affixed over the battens so that there are a number of spaces provided between the rainscreen wall and the air barrier.
• Figure 5 shows the partial structure in plan view in which spaces between the air barrier and rainscreen panels are referenced 21.
• the regions labelled A-H are shown in greater detail than the remaining figures.
• the air barrier panel 10 is affixed at its lower edge by a fastener such as nail 22 to the bottom plate 24 of the framing assembly.
• a fastener such as nail 22 to the bottom plate 24 of the framing assembly.
• An appropriate screw such as a 65 mm x lOg wood thread screw 26 affixes the rainscreen panel, the batten and the air barrier panel to the bottom plate.
• the nail 22 may also hold a vent strip 28 in location at the base of the screen.
• the rain barrier panel 20 preferably comprises a fibre reinforced cement panel such as that marketed under the trademark TitanTM or ExotecTM.
• the preferred thickness of panel 20 is 7 - 11 mm, most preferably 9 mm.
• the vent strip is shown in greater detail as an isometric sketch which reveals it has a number of apertures 30 in the base which have sufficient dimension to allow any water such as rain water in the space between the panels 10 and 20 to drain from that space, while also allowing air entry to the space so that the space may be pressure equalised in use and therefore resist ingress of water such as wind driven rain.
• FIG 7 detail B of Figure 4 is shown in which the connection of the rainscreen arrangement to a stud 5 is shown.
• a screw or similar fastener 32 connects screens 10 and 20 and a batten 14 securely to the stud.
• a vertical joint between horizontally adjacent panels of the screen arrangement is illustrated.
• a sealing strip 34 which is preferably 50 mm wide and constructed from a resilient material such as an appropriate plastics or rubber material is laid over the joint between the adjacent air barrier panels 10.
• the sealing strip 34 is preferably coated with an adhesive on either side to assist with location under attention about the joint.
• the battens 14 (which may alternatively comprise a single batten if desired) are provided directly over an upper surface of the sealing strip 34 so that one side of each batten holds the sealing strip securely in place.
• a further sealing strip 36 is provided having a base 38 and two projecting sealing lips 40 projecting from the base. One lip 40 engages with the rear surface of each of the rainscreen panels 20. The arrangement is such that a substantial seal is made between the side edges of each of the panels 10 and 20.
• a flashing 42 which has a first edge part 44 and a second edge part 46 for location on an air barrier panel and on an external surface of a rainscreen panel respectively.
• a central bridging portion 48 is angled at 90 degrees or more i.e. substantially obtusely to the edges 44 and 46. This provides a downwardly angled flow path, which allows any water within the spaces of the upper panels as shown in Figure 9 to drain out from between those panels and on to the exterior of the lower rainscreen panel shown in the figure.
• the flashing 42 also assists with sealing or at least protecting the seal between the lower air barrier panel and lower rainscreen panel.
• FIG. 10 A seal created by sealant 48 over a backing PEF rod 50 for sealing vertically adjacent air barrier panels is also shown.
• detail E of Figure 4 is shown which again shows the seal strip 36 described above.
• Figure 11 which shows detail F of Figure 4, a joint between vertically adjacent panels as shown a short support batten 16 is used together with an aluminium socket 54 which screws 56 penetrate.
• a sealant 58 such as that sold under the trademark Fosrock MS sealant or similar is used between socket 54 and the edges of rainscreen panels 20.
• the aluminium socket and sealant arrangement is shown in elevation in accordance with detail G of Figure 4.
• an external corner detail is shown in which it can be seen that a sealing strip 60, for example an 80 mm wide strip of substantially resilient material such as butynol is provided.
• detail I of Figure 5 is shown in which it can be seen that a sealing strip the same as or similar to that described above with reference to
• Figure 13 may also be used to provide an appropriate seal at an internal corner.
• the outer surface, i.e. the surface away from the framing, of the air barrier panels 10 is preferably coated with a substantially water resistant coating.
• the exterior surface, i.e. the surface opposite battens 14 of rainscreen panels 20 is also preferably coated with a substantially water resistant coating.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
• Ventilation (AREA)

Priority Applications (9)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (11)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (26)

• 2003
  • 2003-07-04 AU AU2003903440A patent/AU2003903440A0/en not_active Abandoned
• 2004
  • 2004-07-05 CN CN200480019066XA patent/CN1816668B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-05 US US10/563,406 patent/US8484921B2/en active Active
  • 2004-07-05 WO PCT/IB2004/002202 patent/WO2005003478A1/en active Search and Examination
  • 2004-07-05 CA CA2530334A patent/CA2530334C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-05 KR KR1020067000212A patent/KR20060052776A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-07-05 NZ NZ544286A patent/NZ544286A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-07-05 JP JP2006516594A patent/JP4861171B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-05 AT AT04743866T patent/ATE512260T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-07-05 EP EP04743866A patent/EP1660733B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2006
  • 2006-01-23 NO NO20060364A patent/NO20060364L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (5)

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