WO2005001248A1 - Arbeitsmedium für dampfkreisprozesse - Google Patents
Arbeitsmedium für dampfkreisprozesse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005001248A1 WO2005001248A1 PCT/EP2004/005633 EP2004005633W WO2005001248A1 WO 2005001248 A1 WO2005001248 A1 WO 2005001248A1 EP 2004005633 W EP2004005633 W EP 2004005633W WO 2005001248 A1 WO2005001248 A1 WO 2005001248A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- water
- methylpyridine
- steam cycle
- steam
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/20—Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids
Definitions
- the invention relates to a steam cycle process with a steam generator in which thermal energy can be transferred to a working medium and an engine in which the thermal energy contained in the working medium can be converted into mechanical work.
- the engine can be an expansion machine in which the working medium is relaxed while performing work.
- the steam generator is usually formed by a heat exchanger through which a working medium for absorbing heat can be conducted.
- the working medium is in the form of a fluid.
- the fluid for example water or water vapor, is passed through one or more channels around which a stream of hot gas flows.
- the hot gas flow can be the hot flue gas of a burner in which fuel is burned exothermic.
- heat is transferred to the fluid, which is evaporated and overheated.
- it leaves the steam generator it has a high pressure and temperature level of the order of a few hundred ° C.
- the working medium is expanded from the high first pressure level to a lower second pressure level under work.
- the piston drives a shaft serves.
- the expanded fluid is cooled and liquefied in a condenser and fed back into the fluid circuit via a pump. The higher the pressure and temperature difference, the higher the efficiency of the system.
- An expansion machine is to be understood here to mean any engine that works in phase change with a gaseous or vaporous working medium.
- internal combustion engines e.g. a two-stroke engine in which a fuel is burned within the engine.
- Water vapor is particularly suitable as the working medium, which is relaxed while giving up work. Combustion takes place outside the engine in order to
- a downstream condenser arrangement serves to liquefy the expanded working medium.
- Typical temperatures of the working medium are 550 ° C for the high-energy vapor state and 100 ° C as the condenser temperature.
- Such a steam cycle process is known for example from DE 10226445 CI or the unpublished patent application DE 10229250.7. There a cycle of the type mentioned is described. Feed water is used as the working medium. Water is easy to handle, inexpensive and has good thermodynamic properties. The water is evaporated in an evaporator. The steam is expanded in a rotary piston machine under work. After the expansion, the steam is condensed in a condenser and fed to a reservoir by means of a pump, from which it is used again for the cycle
- the work machine described is used, for example, as an auxiliary unit in motor vehicles. It is therefore temporarily switched off. Then all the water in the circuit condenses. Depending on the outside temperature, the auxiliary unit is exposed to temperatures below the ge e ⁇ uct of water. This means that the feed water can freeze. Due to the volume expansion of the
- Esters decompose at 180 ° C to 320 ° C. Their use would lead to the decomposition of the anti-freeze compounds and the decomposition products would cause undesirable deposits and corrosion.
- Vapor cycle processes that work with organic working media are known as organic rail processes (ORC processes). These steam cycle processes work at lower temperatures. For example, temperatures above 200 ° C are rarely reached in geothermal energy. The same applies if the residual heat from the exhaust gases is still used in a combustion process. Due to the small, maximum possible temperature difference between steam and condensate, the efficiency is low when feed water is used as the working medium. Therefore, in such systems, the water is replaced by an organic working medium.
- the organic working medium used for example in DE 100 29 732 AI have a lower boiling point, which is in the range of
- DE 34 20 293 discloses the use of bicyclic hydrocarbons as working fluids. These have a similar temperature difference at an overall higher temperature level.
- the object is achieved in that the working medium contains at least one heterocyclic compound, in particular one heterocyclic aromatic compound.
- the working medium contains at least one heterocyclic compound, in particular one heterocyclic aromatic compound.
- % By weight are present.
- most heterocyclic compounds are readily miscible with water and therefore also allow higher concentrations of added substances if required. They have high thermal stability and durability. This means that they do not decompose at the high temperatures in the vapor phase. This prevents deposits.
- the working medium contains 2-methylpyridine, 3-methylpyridine, pyridine, pyrrole and / or pyridazine as a heterocyclic compound. These have suitable boiling points and are thermally stable up to very high temperatures.
- perfluorocarbons with decomposition temperatures between 420 ° C and 480 ° C can be used.
- these have a negative effect on the earth's ozone layer (greenhouse effect) and are therefore not particularly suitable for non-technical reasons.
- the working medium can therefore be used simultaneously as a lubricant for the moving parts of the engine, especially the pistons and / or bearings.
- Such a self-lubricating working medium has the main advantage that classic lubricants
- the working medium can additionally contain one or more water-miscible polymers, for example polyethylene glycol or terphenyl, surfactant and / or others contain organic lubricants.
- water-miscible polymers for example polyethylene glycol or terphenyl, surfactant and / or others contain organic lubricants.
- surfactant for example polyethylene glycol or terphenyl
- organic lubricants for example polyethylene glycol or terphenyl
- the addition of such compounds can be useful if the self-lubricating effect of the mixture of feed water and heterocyclic compounds is not sufficient.
- the steam cycle includes an expansion machine 14 and a continuous steam generator 12.
- the continuous steam generator 12 is supplied with the hot flue gas from a burner.
- the cycle also includes a speed-controllable feed water pump 16 and a condenser 18.
- the continuous steam generator 12 is flowed through by working medium in the form of feed water or feed water steam with some additives.
- the working medium is under an increased pressure, which is generated by a pump 16.
- a quantity of heat ⁇ H from the flue gas is added to the water or water vapor.
- the water vapor is greatly overheated, ie brought to a high temperature and a higher pressure level.
- the inner energy increases.
- Rotary piston machine 14 the water vapor is released.
- the pressure drops again to a lower pressure level. With this relaxation work becomes free.
- the relaxed water vapor is then passed to a condenser 18, in which it is condensed so that the water is still available for the cycle. This releases the amount of heatclaim 0 , which can be used for heating purposes, for example.
- the condensed water is again fed to the pump 16.
- the working medium is a mixture of 10% by weight of water and 89% by weight of 2-methylpyridine with the formula: and 1% by weight polyethylene glycol. This mixture boils at a temperature of around 95 ° C. It is thermally stable up to a temperature above 400 ° C. It is therefore possible to work with a large temperature difference between steam and condensate, which achieves high efficiency.
- the working medium freezes at a temperature below -40 ° C.
- the cycle can therefore also be used in outdoor systems that do not work continuously, as is the case, for example, with motor vehicle drives or auxiliary units for motor vehicles.
- FIG. 2 shows a graph which shows the course of the freeze temperature over the proportion of 2-methylpyridine. It can clearly be seen that the freezing point drops sharply above a proportion of about 60% by weight. Depending on the expected minimum ambient temperature, the proportion of 2-methylpyridine added can be adjusted accordingly.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04734815A EP1706600A1 (de) | 2003-06-23 | 2004-05-26 | Arbeitsmedium für dampfkreisprozesse |
US10/562,165 US20060277910A1 (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2004-05-26 | Working medium for cyclic steam processes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10328289A DE10328289B3 (de) | 2003-06-23 | 2003-06-23 | Arbeitsmedium für Dampfkreisprozesse |
DE10328289.0 | 2003-06-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005001248A1 true WO2005001248A1 (de) | 2005-01-06 |
Family
ID=33495229
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/005633 WO2005001248A1 (de) | 2003-06-23 | 2004-05-26 | Arbeitsmedium für dampfkreisprozesse |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060277910A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1706600A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10328289B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005001248A1 (de) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007041944B3 (de) * | 2007-09-04 | 2009-02-19 | Gesellschaft für Motoren und Kraftanlagen mbH | Vorrichtung zur Energieumwandlung, Kraft-Wärme-Kopplungsanlage mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer ORC-Anlage |
DE102012108468A1 (de) | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-13 | Amovis Gmbh | Arbeitsmittelgemisch für Dampfkraftanlagen |
DE102015113007B3 (de) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-07-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Anordnung zur Steuerung eines Volumenstroms eines Arbeitsmitteldampfes |
DE102016214043A1 (de) | 2015-08-03 | 2017-02-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Axialkolbenmaschine |
DE102015112704A1 (de) | 2015-08-03 | 2017-02-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Dampfkreisprozess |
DE102016212232A1 (de) | 2016-07-05 | 2018-01-11 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
DE102017219855A1 (de) | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
DE102017219856A1 (de) | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
WO2019215500A1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Methods and compositions for treating cancer |
WO2020003006A2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-02 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Compositions and methods for genomic editing by insertion of donor polynucleotides |
WO2020225606A1 (en) | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Crispr/cas all-in-two vector systems for treatment of dmd |
WO2020257325A1 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-24 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Compositions and methods for editing beta-globin for treatment of hemaglobinopathies |
WO2021229502A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-18 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Messenger rna encoding cas9 for use in genome-editing systems |
WO2022018638A1 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-27 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Genome-editing compositions and methods to modulate faah for treatment of neurological disorders |
WO2022133246A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-23 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Compositions and methods for editing beta-globin for treatment of hemaglobinopathies |
WO2023115049A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2023-06-22 | Umoja Biopharma, Inc. | Cytotoxic innate lymphoid cell and uses thereof |
WO2023240282A1 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-12-14 | Umoja Biopharma, Inc. | Engineered stem cells and uses thereof |
WO2024026391A1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-01 | Umoja Biopharma, Inc. | Differentiation of stem cells in suspension culture |
WO2024151877A2 (en) | 2023-01-11 | 2024-07-18 | Engage Biologics Inc. | Non-viral expression systems and methods of use thereof |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006052906A1 (de) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-15 | Amovis Gmbh | Arbeitsmedium für Dampfkreisprozesse |
DE102007020086B3 (de) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-30 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Betriebsflüssigkeit für einen Dampfkreisprozess und Verfahren für dessen Betrieb |
DE102007043373A1 (de) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Verdampfer für eine Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung |
DE202007018776U1 (de) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-06-25 | Hoh, Manfred | Dampf-Motor mit rotierenden Dampfeinlass- und auslassrohren |
EP2281111A4 (de) * | 2008-04-25 | 2014-01-15 | New Power Concepts Llc | System zur rückgewinnung von wärmeenergie |
DE102008037744A1 (de) | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Betriebsflüssigkeit für eine Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung und ein Verfahren für deren Betrieb |
DE102009035861B3 (de) | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Antriebsvorrichtung und Verfahren für deren Betrieb |
DE102010054667B3 (de) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-02-16 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Frostsichere Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung und Verfahren für deren Betrieb |
US9038389B2 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-05-26 | Harris Corporation | Hybrid thermal cycle with independent refrigeration loop |
US10648745B2 (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2020-05-12 | Thermal Corp. | Azeotropic working fluids and thermal management systems utilizing the same |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1242935A (en) * | 1968-07-02 | 1971-08-18 | Monsanto Co | Method of converting heat energy to mechanical energy on a rankine cycle |
DE3420293A1 (de) * | 1983-05-31 | 1985-02-21 | Ormat Turbines (1965) Ltd., Yavne | Rankine-cyclus-kraftwerk mit einem verbesserten organischen arbeitsfluid bzw. -fluessigkeit |
US4760705A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1988-08-02 | Ormat Turbines Ltd. | Rankine cycle power plant with improved organic working fluid |
WO2002093722A2 (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2002-11-21 | Ormat Technologies Inc. | Method of and apparatus for producing uninterruptible power |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3268494A (en) * | 1962-12-28 | 1966-08-23 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricating compositions |
US3841099A (en) * | 1970-12-22 | 1974-10-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Working fluids for external combustion engines |
US4342658A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-08-03 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Water-based hydraulic fluid containing an alkyl dialkanolamide |
DE10029732A1 (de) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-01-03 | Andreas Schiller | Dampfkraftanlage |
US6918252B2 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2005-07-19 | Ormat Technologies Inc. | Method of and apparatus for cooling a seal for machinery |
-
2003
- 2003-06-23 DE DE10328289A patent/DE10328289B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-05-26 US US10/562,165 patent/US20060277910A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-26 WO PCT/EP2004/005633 patent/WO2005001248A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-05-26 EP EP04734815A patent/EP1706600A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1242935A (en) * | 1968-07-02 | 1971-08-18 | Monsanto Co | Method of converting heat energy to mechanical energy on a rankine cycle |
DE3420293A1 (de) * | 1983-05-31 | 1985-02-21 | Ormat Turbines (1965) Ltd., Yavne | Rankine-cyclus-kraftwerk mit einem verbesserten organischen arbeitsfluid bzw. -fluessigkeit |
US4760705A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1988-08-02 | Ormat Turbines Ltd. | Rankine cycle power plant with improved organic working fluid |
WO2002093722A2 (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2002-11-21 | Ormat Technologies Inc. | Method of and apparatus for producing uninterruptible power |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007041944B3 (de) * | 2007-09-04 | 2009-02-19 | Gesellschaft für Motoren und Kraftanlagen mbH | Vorrichtung zur Energieumwandlung, Kraft-Wärme-Kopplungsanlage mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer ORC-Anlage |
US9856756B2 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2018-01-02 | Mahle International Gmbh | Working medium mixture for steam engines |
DE102012108468A1 (de) | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-13 | Amovis Gmbh | Arbeitsmittelgemisch für Dampfkraftanlagen |
DE102015112704B4 (de) | 2015-08-03 | 2022-01-27 | Mahle International Gmbh | Dampfkreisprozess |
DE102016214043A1 (de) | 2015-08-03 | 2017-02-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Axialkolbenmaschine |
DE102015112704A1 (de) | 2015-08-03 | 2017-02-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Dampfkreisprozess |
EP3128137A1 (de) | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-08 | Mahle International GmbH | Anordnung zur steuerung eines volumenstroms aus arbeitsmitteldampf mit hohem druck |
DE102015113007B3 (de) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-07-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Anordnung zur Steuerung eines Volumenstroms eines Arbeitsmitteldampfes |
DE102016212232A1 (de) | 2016-07-05 | 2018-01-11 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
WO2018007432A1 (de) | 2016-07-05 | 2018-01-11 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
US10641134B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2020-05-05 | Mahle International Gmbh | Waste-heat recovery system |
DE102017219855A1 (de) | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
DE102017219856A1 (de) | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Abwärmenutzungseinrichtung |
WO2019215500A1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Methods and compositions for treating cancer |
WO2020003006A2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-02 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Compositions and methods for genomic editing by insertion of donor polynucleotides |
US11332760B2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2022-05-17 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Compositions and methods for genomic editing by insertion of donor polynucleotides |
WO2020225606A1 (en) | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Crispr/cas all-in-two vector systems for treatment of dmd |
WO2020257325A1 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-24 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Compositions and methods for editing beta-globin for treatment of hemaglobinopathies |
WO2021229502A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-18 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Messenger rna encoding cas9 for use in genome-editing systems |
WO2022018638A1 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-27 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Genome-editing compositions and methods to modulate faah for treatment of neurological disorders |
WO2022133246A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-23 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Compositions and methods for editing beta-globin for treatment of hemaglobinopathies |
WO2023115049A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2023-06-22 | Umoja Biopharma, Inc. | Cytotoxic innate lymphoid cell and uses thereof |
WO2023240282A1 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-12-14 | Umoja Biopharma, Inc. | Engineered stem cells and uses thereof |
WO2024026391A1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-01 | Umoja Biopharma, Inc. | Differentiation of stem cells in suspension culture |
WO2024151877A2 (en) | 2023-01-11 | 2024-07-18 | Engage Biologics Inc. | Non-viral expression systems and methods of use thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10328289B3 (de) | 2005-01-05 |
EP1706600A1 (de) | 2006-10-04 |
US20060277910A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
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