WO2004099316A1 - Polymer-nanocomposite-blends - Google Patents
Polymer-nanocomposite-blends Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004099316A1 WO2004099316A1 PCT/DE2004/000744 DE2004000744W WO2004099316A1 WO 2004099316 A1 WO2004099316 A1 WO 2004099316A1 DE 2004000744 W DE2004000744 W DE 2004000744W WO 2004099316 A1 WO2004099316 A1 WO 2004099316A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- component
- polyamide
- nanocomposite blends
- compounded
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
Definitions
- the invention relates to polymer-nanocomposite blends composed of at least two polymers and nanodispersed delaminated layered silicates.
- the layered silicate is a modified natural sodium montmorillonite, hectorite, bentonite or synthetic mica.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing these nanocomposites and their use.
- the object of the invention is to produce inexpensive polyamide-based nanocomposites with improved properties, such as high rigidity even in the conditioned state and stability against thermal oxidation.
- Nanocomposites based on polyamides but also on polyolefins are becoming more and more attractive compared to conventional composites with glass fibers or minerals because of the weight savings with the same property profile.
- Composites of this type are of interest for a wide range of uses for injection molded parts in automobile and aircraft construction, for electrical engineering and electronics, device technology and in medical technology.
- the improvement in properties is primarily due to the ability of the individual layers of the layered silicates to expand (intercalation) or to separate completely from one another (exfoliation). This creates an enlarged surface of the filler and also an enlarged interface with the matrix polymer in order to achieve intercalation or exfoliation in the production of polymer nanocomposites.
- Chen the layered silicates are first modified with organic compounds by cation exchange, ie adjusted organophilic, and are also referred to as organoclays. Interactions or contact points with the matrix polymer are also necessary.
- Polyamide nanocomposites with a second polymer component are also known in principle.
- the incorporation of brominated rubber [US6060549] or maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene [X. Liu et al. Polymer 42, 2001, 8235-8239] in in-situ polymerized polyamide 6 / Na-montmorillonite nanocomposites led to an improvement in the impact resistance, but to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the polyamide. A reduced water absorption was also found depending on the PP-g-MA content in the mixture.
- EP0352042 also describes polyamide nanocomposites with one or two further polymer components.
- an in-situ polyamide nanocomposite was impact modified using melt compounding with an ethylene methacrylate Zn + ionomer.
- losses in strength and rigidity have been found.
- In-situ polymerized polyamide 6 nanocomposites which were subsequently compounded in the melt with an impact modifier (butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate rubber or mixtures thereof) are described in DE19854170.
- the authors also claim the in-situ polymerization of PA 6 in the presence of organosilicate and the rubber component. With a clay content of 3.7% by weight and rubber content of 3% by weight, these composites showed a very high modulus of elasticity (5420 MPa), good impact strength (Charpy leü 112 kJ / m 2 ), but a low elongation at break of 2.9%.
- the layered silicates used were modified with di-2-hydroxyethylmethylstearylamine.
- the composite PP-g-MA / PP / MPA in the weight ratio 30/10/60 showed a flexural modulus of 26000 kg / cm 2 (2550 MPa), a flexural strength of 770 kg / cm 2 (75 MPa), a yield stress of 450 kg / cm 2 (45 MPa) and a heat distortion temperature HDT @ 0.45MPa of 150 ° C.
- the strength, stiffness and toughness decreased with an increase in the proportion of PP.
- JP10279752 claims a composition consisting of 40-99.9% by weight of polyolefin grafted with carboxylic acid or anhydride, 0.5-40% by weight of polyamide and 0.01-20% by weight of layered silicate with an improved oxygen barrier.
- the object of the present invention is to maintain the favorable properties of the polyamide, such as rigidity even in the conditioned state, and good thermo-oxidative stability in conjunction with a reduced density compared to conventional glass or mineral reinforcement, and to reduce costs compared to pure PA 6 / clay nanocomposites.
- Polyamides are formed by a condensation reaction of lactams with a more than three-membered ring and / or ⁇ -amino acid (s) or of at least one diacid and produced at least one diamine.
- the polyamide resins produced by polycondensation are polyamide polymers or copolymers.
- the polyamide resin is selected from the group consisting of homopolyamides, copolyamides and mixtures thereof, and these polyamides are either semi-crystalline or amorphous.
- the polyamides are preferably selected from the group of polyamide (nylon) 6 or polyamide (nylon) 6/66 with 0 to 20% polyhexamethylene adipamide.
- a polypropylene with a melt index of 1 to 110, from 5 to 30 ccm / 10 min (230 ° C / 2.16 kg) is preferably used.
- nanodisperse layered silicates Up to 5% by weight of nanodisperse layered silicates are preferably used. Compared to Hua Wang et al, they are characterized by high toughness, high rigidity in the spray-fresh and conditioned state, reduced water absorption and improved thermo-oxidative stability. There is a coexistence of two phases in the nanocomposite blends according to the invention, so that the organically intercalated layered silicates mainly disperse or exfoliate in the polyamide phase. An accumulation of exfoliated layers at the interface with the polypropylene phase could be observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (Fig. 4). It is assumed that interactions between the polyamide and polypropylene phases are initiated by the organically intercalated and delaminated layered silicates.
- TEM transmission electron microscopy
- Cationic nitrogen compounds suitable for intercalation are alkylammonium ions such as laurylammonium, myristylammonium, palmitylammonium. Further preferred cationic nitrogen compounds are quaternary ammonium compounds such as, for example, distearyldimethylammonium chloride and dimethyldistearylbenzylammonium chloride.
- ⁇ -aminocarboxylic acids such as ⁇ -aminoundecanoic acid, ⁇ -aminododecanoic acid, ⁇ -aminocaprylic acid or ⁇ -aminocaproic acid can be used as bifunctional cationic nitrogen molecules.
- Further preferred nitrogen-containing intercalation components are caprolactam, lauryllactam, mela in and oligo ere water-soluble a ide.
- All nitrogen-containing intercalation components are preferably used in protonated form. All water-soluble organic or inorganic acids are suitable for protonation. Mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and also acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid are preferred.
- the polymer nanocomposite blends according to the invention can optionally contain conventional stabilizers and fillers, selected from oxidation stabilizers, light stabilizers, process stabilizers, UV stabilizers, lubricants, release agents, pigments, dyes, flame retardants, fiber reinforcing fillers.
- conventional stabilizers and fillers selected from oxidation stabilizers, light stabilizers, process stabilizers, UV stabilizers, lubricants, release agents, pigments, dyes, flame retardants, fiber reinforcing fillers.
- oxidation and process stabilizers are mixtures of at least two substances selected from metal halides, e.g. Sodium, potassium, lithium, zinc and copper halides or organic compounds based on phenol, hydroquinones, organic phosphite compounds.
- metal halides e.g. Sodium, potassium, lithium, zinc and copper halides or organic compounds based on phenol, hydroquinones, organic phosphite compounds.
- lubricants and release agents are stearic acid, stearic alcohol, stearic acid amide, waxes, carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acid metal salts.
- pigments examples include titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenite, ultramarine blue, carbon black.
- the organic dye is, for example, nigrosine.
- Examples of flame retardants are organic halogen compounds, organic phosphorus compounds, red phosphorus, metal hydroxides.
- fillers and reinforcing materials are glass fibers, glass beads, glass flakes, talc, carbon fibers, kaolin, wollastonite, molybdenum sulfide, potassium titanate, barium sulfate, electrically conductive carbon black and aramid fibers.
- additives such as magnetizing substances, EMI masking agents, antibacterial and antistatic agents can also be introduced.
- the polymer nanocomposite blends are made by the components
- polyamide from 55 to 95% by weight
- polypropylene from 4 to 40% by weight
- nanodisperse phyllosilicates from 1 to 9% by weight
- carboxylated polyolefins in particular copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated carboxylic acids, (from 0.0) to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.9% by weight,
- components, c) and d) in parts of component a) can first be incorporated in the form of a masterbatch, and in the second step the masterbatch is compounded with component b) and the rest of component a) and processed further.
- the polymer nanocomposite blends according to the invention are particularly suitable for use as extrudates, injection molded parts or fibers.
- component c) act as water repellents and influence the surface tension of the layered silicates, so that the polarity and the total value of the 0- surface energy decrease. After compounding with polyamide, the polarity and surface tension of the polyamide decrease. This results in better mixing and finer dispersion of the polypropylene phase in the nanocomposite blends compared to pure PA 6 / PP blends.
- the TEM examination on the PA 6 / PP nanocomposite blends according to the invention shows a fine dispersion of the polypropylene phase.
- the particles have a size between 0.1 and .1 ⁇ m ( Figure 4a).
- Figure 4b it can be seen that the exfoliated layered silicates are mainly dispersed within the polyamide matrix, whereby an attachment of the layers, which form a kind of card structure around the polypropylene particles, can clearly be seen.
- the increased concentration of the organophilic layered silicate at the interface between the polyamide and the polypropylene phase reduces the surface tension difference between the per se incompatible polymers.
- the nanocomposite blends according to the invention show very good mechanical properties such as strength, rigidity and impact strength in the freshly injected and conditioned condition, but also after storage in temperature.
- the tensile modulus of elasticity is increased by up to 50% in the freshly molded state, in the conditioned state this increase is up to 150%. Compared to a correspondingly composed polyamide / polypropylene blend, this increase is up to 70% when freshly sprayed and more than 75% when conditioned.
- the water absorption of the described PA / PP nanocomposite blends after conditioning is clearly below that of the pure nanocomposites and also of the pure polyamide 6. In the saturated state and after storage in water for more than 1800 Hours, the nanocomposite blends also show a 150% improvement in tensile modulus compared to pure polyamide.
- the nanocomposite blends according to the invention show the least loss of mechanical strength.
- the storage module, measured in the torsion test, of the nanocomposite blends according to the invention with 15% by weight PP runs similarly to PA 6 nanocomposites in the temperature range from 25 to 150 ° C. and is up to 100% higher at a temperature of 100 ° C. from pure polyamide 6
- samples 6 and 7 were carried out according to EN ISO 1110 at 70 ° C and 62% relative humidity up to constant weight.
- the test bars of the samples in Examples 6 and 7 were also stored in convection ovens at 110 ° C, 120 ° C, 130 ° C and 150 ° C and the properties were then determined in a tensile test.
- Example 2 Polyamide 6 with a melt index of 4.9 (230 ° C / 2.16kg) and a relative solution viscosity of 3.45, polypropylene with a melt index of 5 (230 ° C / 2.16kg), octadecylamine-modified montmorillonite (eg Nanofil 848) and aminododecanoic acid-modified montmorillonite (eg Nanofil 784) were compounded in a weight ratio of 79.2 / 15.8 / 2.5 / 2.5.
- Table 2 Properties of the nanocomposite blends according to the invention after conditioning at 23 ° C. and 95% relative humidity for a period of 280 hours.
- Example 5 polyamide 6 with a melt index of 22.3 (230 ° C / 2.16kg) and a relative solution viscosity of 2.7 (reference polyamide II), polypropylene with a melt index of 24 (230 ° C / 2.16kg), Octadecyla-modified montmorillonite (eg Nanofil 848) in a weight ratio of 80/15/5 was compounded.
- the PA 6 / PP nanocomposite blend showed improved mechanical and thermal properties, a modulus of elasticity increase of 43% and HDT increase of 73%.
- Polyamide 6 with a melt index of 6, 6 (230 ° C / 2, 16kg) and a relative solution viscosity of 3.2 (reference polyamide III) and octadecylamine-modified montmorillonite (eg Nanofil 848) in a weight ratio of 95/5 were compounded , 0.2% Irganox was added to the mixture B1171 (a blend of heat stabilizer and process stabilizer) added.
- WAXS wide-angle X-ray structure analysis
- Example 10 The same materials and procedure as in Example 10 were used. The final concentration of the components in the mixture was PA ⁇ / PP / Clay - 70/25/5 in the weight ratio.
- ionic Ac and octadecylamine-modified montmorillonite eg Nanofil 848
- a masterbatch with the composition 75/5/20 PA 6 / ionomer Ac / Clay was produced. WAXS investigations showed that the layer spacing between the silicate wafers had widened by more than 4.26 nm.
- the masterbatch was then compounded with PA 6 and PP so that the final concentration of the components in the mixture PA 6 / PP / Ionomer Ac / Clay was 79/15/1/5 in the weight ratio.
- Example 12 The same materials and procedure as in Example 12 were used. The final concentration of the components in the mixture was PA 6 / PP / Ionomer Ac / Clay - 69/25/1/5 in the weight ratio.
- Example 12 The final concentration of the components in the mixture was PA 6 / PP / Ionomer Ac / Clay - 69/25/1/5 in the weight ratio.
- Zn eg Aclyn 291
- ionic Acl and octadecylamine-modified montmorillonite eg Nanofil 848
- a masterbatch with the composition 72.5 / 7.5 / 20 PA 6 / ionomer Acl / Clay was produced. WAXS investigations showed that the layer spacing between the silicate wafers widened by more than 4.26 nm.
- the masterbatch was then compounded with PA 6 and PP so that the final concentration of the components in the PA 6 / PP / ionomer Acl / Clay mixture was 78.2 / 15 / 1.8 / 5 in weight ratio.
- Example 14 The same materials and procedure as in Example 14 were used. The final concentration of the components in the mixture was PA 6 / PP / Ionomer Acl / Clay - 69.5 / 25 / 1.5 / 4 in the weight ratio.
- ionomer Sr and octadecylamine modified montmorillonite eg Nanofil 848
- a masterbatch with the composition 72.5 / 7.5 / 20 PA 6 / ionomer Sr / Clay was produced. WAXS investigations showed that the layer spacing between the silicate wafers widened by more than 4.3 nm.
- the masterbatch was then compounded with PA 6 and PP so that the final concentration of the components in the PA 6 / PP / ionomer Sr / Clay mixture was 78.2 / 15 / 1.8 / 5 in weight ratio.
- Example 16 The same materials and procedure as in Example 16 were used. The final concentration of the components in the mixture was PA 6 / PP / ionomer Sr / Clay - 69.5 / 25 / 1.5 / 4 in weight ratio.
- Example 16 The same materials and procedure as in Example 16 were used. The final concentration of the components in the mixture was PA 6 / PP / ionomer Sr / Clay - 55.9 / 40 / 1.1 / 3 in weight ratio.
- Figure 1 Water absorption of the nanocomposite blends at 23 ° C and 95% relative humidity depending on the storage time
- Figure 4 TEM image of PA 6 / PP nanocomposite blends - ultra-thin sections: a) contrasted, b) not contrasted
- Figure 5 SEM images of cryogenic fracture areas of the test rods of PA 6 / PP nanocomposite blends: a) without additional compatibilization, b) with 1.8% by weight ethylene-ionomer copolymer
- Figure 7 Memory module of the PA / PP nanocomposite blends according to the invention depending on the temperature
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006504295A JP2006525383A (ja) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-04-02 | ポリマーナノコンポジットブレンド |
EP04725286A EP1622982A1 (de) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-04-02 | Polymer-nanocomposite-blends |
US10/555,910 US20070004842A1 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-04-02 | Polymer nanocomposite blends |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10320695 | 2003-05-05 | ||
DE10320695.7 | 2003-05-05 | ||
DE102004011019.0 | 2004-03-03 | ||
DE102004011019A DE102004011019A1 (de) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-03-03 | Polymer-Nanocomposite-Blends |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004099316A1 true WO2004099316A1 (de) | 2004-11-18 |
Family
ID=33435966
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2004/000744 WO2004099316A1 (de) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-04-02 | Polymer-nanocomposite-blends |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070004842A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1622982A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2006525383A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004099316A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004039451A1 (de) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-03-02 | Süd-Chemie AG | Polymerblend aus nicht verträglichen Polymeren |
EP1970406A1 (de) * | 2006-01-05 | 2008-09-17 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Ionomerharzzusammensetzung und daraus hergestelltes wärmeschrumpfbares rohr |
WO2009073680A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-11 | Ethicon, Inc. | Use of coupling agents to improve the interface in absorbable polymer composites |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7371793B2 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2008-05-13 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Nanocomposite comprising stabilization functionalized thermoplastic polyolefins |
KR100733922B1 (ko) * | 2004-12-03 | 2007-07-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 차단성 물품 |
JP5253769B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-12 | 2013-07-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 樹脂成形品及びその製造方法 |
KR20110012430A (ko) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 폴리아미드 수지 점토 복합체 조성물 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 연료 수송 튜브 |
ES2374900B1 (es) * | 2010-08-11 | 2013-01-04 | Nanobiomatters Research & Development, S.L. | Uso de nanocompuestos de polimeros sensibles a la humedad para la fabricacion de objetos y envases con mayor resistencia a la humedad. |
CN103571181A (zh) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-12 | 杜邦公司 | 噪声阻尼性热塑性组合物 |
FR3016904B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-02-05 | Terre Armee Int | Bande de stabilisation renforcee pour ouvrages en remblai renforce avec gaine fonctionnalisee |
WO2016028840A1 (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-02-25 | Invista Technologies S.A.R.L. | Synthetic fibers with enhanced stain resistance and methods of making the same |
CN105199374B (zh) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-12-08 | 成都金发科技新材料有限公司 | 一种耐热老化耐水解的聚酰胺/聚丙烯合金 |
JP6922428B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-30 | 2021-08-18 | 宇部興産株式会社 | ポリアミド樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた離型フィルム |
CN110709472B (zh) * | 2017-05-30 | 2022-09-27 | Ube株式会社 | 聚酰胺树脂组合物及使用其的脱模薄膜 |
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EP0387903A2 (de) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-09-19 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Thermoplastische Harzzusammensetzung |
US5164440A (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1992-11-17 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | High rigidity and impact resistance resin composition |
Family Cites Families (1)
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US7029735B2 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2006-04-18 | Arkema | Polyamide and polyolefin blends with a polyamide matrix and containing nanofillers |
-
2004
- 2004-04-02 US US10/555,910 patent/US20070004842A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-02 WO PCT/DE2004/000744 patent/WO2004099316A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-04-02 EP EP04725286A patent/EP1622982A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-02 JP JP2006504295A patent/JP2006525383A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
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US5164440A (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1992-11-17 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | High rigidity and impact resistance resin composition |
EP0387903A2 (de) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-09-19 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Thermoplastische Harzzusammensetzung |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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CHOW W S ; ISHAK Z A M ; ISHIAKU U S ; KARGER-KOCSIS J ; APOSTOLOV A A: "The effect of organoclay on the mechanical properties and morphology of injection-molded polyamide 6/polypropylene nanocomposites", JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, vol. 91, no. 1, 5 January 2004 (2004-01-05), pages 175 - 189, XP002287625 * |
CHOW W S ET AL: "Compatibilizing effect of maleated polypropylene on the mechanical properties and morphology of injection molded polyamide 6/polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites", POLYMER, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V, GB, vol. 44, no. 24, November 2003 (2003-11-01), pages 7427 - 7440, XP004467310, ISSN: 0032-3861 * |
HUA WANG ET AL: "Processing and properties of polymeric nano-composites", POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE, vol. 41, no. 11, November 2001 (2001-11-01), pages 2036 - 2046, XP009033458 * |
LIU X ET AL: "Polyamide 6-clay nanocomposites/polypropylene-grafted-maleic anhydride alloys", POLYMER, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V, GB, vol. 42, no. 19, September 2001 (2001-09-01), pages 8235 - 8239, XP004246006, ISSN: 0032-3861 * |
TJONG S C ; MENG Y Z ; XU Y: "Preparation and properties of polyamide 6/polypropylene-vermiculite nanocomposite/polyamide 6 alloys", JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, vol. 86, 28 November 2002 (2002-11-28), pages 2330 - 2337, XP002287624 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004039451A1 (de) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-03-02 | Süd-Chemie AG | Polymerblend aus nicht verträglichen Polymeren |
EP1970406A1 (de) * | 2006-01-05 | 2008-09-17 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Ionomerharzzusammensetzung und daraus hergestelltes wärmeschrumpfbares rohr |
EP1970406A4 (de) * | 2006-01-05 | 2010-06-30 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Ionomerharzzusammensetzung und daraus hergestelltes wärmeschrumpfbares rohr |
WO2009073680A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-11 | Ethicon, Inc. | Use of coupling agents to improve the interface in absorbable polymer composites |
US9040072B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2015-05-26 | Ethicon, Inc. | Use of coupling agents to improve the interface in absorbable polymer composites |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2006525383A (ja) | 2006-11-09 |
EP1622982A1 (de) | 2006-02-08 |
US20070004842A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
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