WO2004083924A1 - 光コリメータ - Google Patents
光コリメータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004083924A1 WO2004083924A1 PCT/JP2004/003840 JP2004003840W WO2004083924A1 WO 2004083924 A1 WO2004083924 A1 WO 2004083924A1 JP 2004003840 W JP2004003840 W JP 2004003840W WO 2004083924 A1 WO2004083924 A1 WO 2004083924A1
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- Prior art keywords
- optical
- light
- eccentric
- glass
- axis
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
- G02B6/327—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends with angled interfaces to reduce reflections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
- G02B6/3845—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture ferrules comprising functional elements, e.g. filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical collimator using a capillary holding an optical fiber for optical communication at the center, a partial spherical lens obtained by processing a spherical lens into a cylindrical shape, and an eccentric slipper for aligning these.
- optical devices When constructing a high-speed, large-capacity optical fiber communication system, many optical devices are used, including one that extracts an optical signal of an arbitrary wavelength from an optical signal in which a plurality of wavelengths are multiplexed. Some optical collimators use optical crystals to adjust the phase of optical signals. Many optical collimators collimate optical signals emitted from an optical fiber and spread, or collimate the parallel light to an optical fiber. Evening is used.
- optical collimation may be used in various sensors that detect light pulses, such as a mouth-to-mouth encoder that is attached to a rotating shaft and detects its movement.
- the light collimation 1 using the conventional partial spherical lens 3 holds the partial spherical lens 3 in the inner hole 2a of the concentric sleep 2 and the optical fiber 5 inside, as shown in Fig. 9.
- a concentric capillary 4 having an obliquely polished surface 4a is inserted to prevent reflected return light from the end face 5a, and an optically appropriate positional relationship is set so as to operate correctly as an optical collimator 1. It is manufactured by aligning so that
- Patent Document 1 as a prior art document relating to such an optical system includes an oblique polishing in order to eliminate the eccentricity of parallel light incident / emitted with respect to the central axis of light collimation using a partial spherical lens.
- Optical devices have opened the way to solving It is shown.
- Patent Literature 2 discloses a collimator in which an optical axis of a beam emitted from a lens is parallel to an optical axis of an optical fiber.
- Patent Literature 3 discloses an optical axis of an optical fiber with respect to the center of the lens.
- An optical fiber collimator in which the center of the lens and the center of the light beam incident on the lens almost coincide with each other is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an optical connector in which the center of a tubular housing is defined as the center line of a parallel light beam exiting through a spherical lens.
- Patent Document 5 discloses an optical collimator in which the center axis of an optical fiber and a lens has a translational deviation according to an oblique polishing angle of a fiber whose end is obliquely polished, and parallel beam coupling is performed. .
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-15664
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-1579972
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-19096 180
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-1111904
- Patent Literature 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-232599
- a concentric capillary 4 having an obliquely polished surface 4a is used to hold the fiber 5 and prevent the reflected light returning from the end face 5a
- the refraction from the end face 5a of the optical fiber 5 follows.
- the light is emitted obliquely to the central axis A of the light collimator 1, and as a result, the parallel light 7 emitted from the light collimator 1 has the optical axis Z of the parallel light 7 and the light collimator 1.
- eccentricity 5 occurs between the central axis A of the light source 1 and the optical collimator 1 of the conventional structure and the light functional element 8a, as shown in Fig. 10.
- the collimated light 7 is eccentric with respect to the central axis A of the evening 1; It is necessary to exactly match the eccentric direction of one night, and there is also a problem that workability becomes very poor.
- the optical fiber 15 is held inside, and the end face 14a is obliquely polished so that the parallel light 17 enters and exits from the central axis A of the optical collimator 11.
- the beam emitted from the lens is parallel to the axis of the input-side mount, but does not coincide, and has a certain distance from the axis of the input-side mount. Since this is only possible (page 5; Fig. 3), it is necessary to align the light collimation while rotating it around the mount axis.
- the optical axis of the optical fiber is decentered with respect to the center of the refractive index type aperture lens, and the light is incident on the center of the refractive index type aperture lens and the lens.
- Fig. 5, Fig. 1 the optical fiber is aligned with the center of the lens. Since the optical axis of the optical fiber is decentered, the emitted light beam does not coincide with the optical axis of the optical fiber.
- the translational shift of the center axis of the optical fiber and the lens is performed according to the oblique polishing angle of the optical fiber whose end is obliquely polished.
- the optical collimation occurs. Labor will be spent on the centering work.
- the center axis A of the optical collimator 1 and the optical axis Z of the parallel light 7 must Since eccentricity is generated, for example, the optical collimator 1 is positioned at the working distance of one precision V-groove and the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of each slip 2 matches each other. If the light is introduced from one of the optical fibers 5, a sufficient light response cannot be obtained from the other optical fiber 5 if the light is introduced from the other optical fiber 5 alone, so an automatic alignment device for the optical axis is used. In order to be able to do so, it is necessary to manually align the work until a sufficient light response is obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to adjust the eccentric direction of incident / emitted parallel light when assembling an optical functional component or the like, as in an optical collimation using a conventional concentric sleeve. It is another object of the present invention to provide an optical collimation device in which parallel light enters / exits with respect to a central axis of the optical collimation device without requiring a heart operation. Deterioration of the optical characteristics caused by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the eccentric sleeve and the partial spherical lens and the capillary tube is minimized, and the electromagnetic induction is not adversely affected even in a high magnetic field of 1 Tes 1 a or more. It is to provide light collimation overnight.
- An optical collimator comprises a cylindrical eccentric sleep, a partial spherical surface having a cylindrical portion inserted into the eccentric sleeve, and a translucent spherical surface having substantially the same center of curvature at both ends of the cylindrical portion.
- An optical collimator comprising: a lens; and a capillary tube which is inserted into the eccentric sleep, and has an optical fiber at its center and a slanted end face directed toward a partial spherical lens.
- the glass is made of glass or crystallized glass.
- the eccentric sleeve used for light collimation is made of metal, it expands and contracts significantly with changes in the surrounding temperature, so the optical path length also changes, and stable optical performance cannot be obtained.
- it is necessary to perform micrometer-precision grinding for each piece using a precision cylindrical grinder, etc., and in terms of supply capacity and manufacturing cost, There is a problem.
- small-sized optical collimation is required, but optical communication using single-mode optical fiber etc. The reality is that it is almost impossible to fabricate a small, high-precision metal eccentric sleeve for use in devices.
- a glass or glass which is smaller in size than the conventional one and can be formed continuously with high precision, and is advantageous in terms of supply capacity and manufacturing cost. It is important to be made of crystallized glass.
- Fig. 1 (A) and (B) show the optical collimation image 21.
- the center of curvature is approximately the same at both ends of the cylindrical portion 23a made of glass with a substantially uniform refractive index.
- a cylindrical eccentric sleeve 22 having an inner hole 22a slightly larger than the diameter of the partial spherical lens 23 and the outer diameter of the capillary 24 substantially perpendicular to the partial spherical lens 23;
- the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 incident / emitted from the optical spherical surface 23 b is within a radius of 0.02 mm around the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22 and is eccentric.
- the optical collimator 21 of the present invention includes a pair of the optical collimators 21 at a position corresponding to their working distance, and the central axes B of the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective eccentric sleeves 22 mutually.
- the optical signals are introduced from one of the optical fibers 25, the optical response of more than 30 dB is obtained from the other optical fiber 25 to the input. It is characterized by the following.
- the optical collimator 21 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has a translucent spherical surface 23 b having substantially the same center of curvature at both ends of a cylindrical portion 23 a made of glass having a substantially uniform refractive index as shown in FIG. Partially spherical lens 23 and concentric capillary tube 24 holding optical fiber 25 inside shown in Fig. 2 Parallel light 27 is decentered with respect to central axis A of optical collimator 21 In order to prevent this, insert the eccentric sleeve 22 shown in Fig.
- the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 is incident / emitted at an angle within 0.2 ° from a range within 0.02 mm from the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric slip. It is possible to do that.
- the concentric capillary 24 constituting the optical collimator 21 of the present invention has the optical fiber 25 fixed on the central axis Y of the outer peripheral surface of the capillary 24 as shown in FIG.
- the concentric capillary tube 24 holding the partial spherical lens 23 and the optical fin 25 shown in Fig. 3 is aligned with the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 to the central axis A of the optical collimator 21.
- the eccentric sleep 2 in which the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22 shown in FIG.
- the parallel light 27 will be at the center of the optical collimator 21 as shown in Fig. 1.
- Light collimation 21 that is incident and emitted from axis A is obtained.
- the partial spherical lens 23 constituting the optical collimator 21 of the present invention has a center of curvature at both ends of a cylindrical portion 23 a made of glass having a substantially uniform refractive index. It has a translucent spherical surface 23 b on which the same antireflection film is applied, and the central axis X of the outer peripheral surface of the partial spherical lens 23 is the optical axis.
- a partial spherical lens 3 whose optical axis is at the center axis X of the outer peripheral surface, and a concentric capillary 4 holding an optical fiber 5 inside, have a concentric structure.
- the parallel light 7 is inserted into the inner hole 2a of the sleeve 2 and assembled into the optical collimator 1, the parallel light 7 does not enter or exit from the central axis A of the optical collimator 1.
- any material can be used as long as it is made of optical glass or the like having a substantially uniform refractive index and can be processed into a true spherical shape to produce a spherical lens having high focusing accuracy.
- a partially spherical lens 23 manufactured by grinding the periphery of a spherical lens having high sphericity is suitable.
- the glass used for the partial spherical lens 23 it is desirable to use optical glass such as BK7, K3, TaF3, LaF01, and LaSF015.
- the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22 and the eccentric sleep 2 are set so that the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 used in the present invention is not eccentric with respect to the center axis A of the optical collimator 21.
- the eccentric sleeve 22 is made of glass or crystallized glass and is durable with high precision by the drawing method. It can be produced efficiently and inexpensively. Furthermore, since the softened glass is drawn by a drawing method, the surface of the eccentric sleeve is fire-polished.
- the eccentric sleep 2 2 a common stainless steel SU S 304 (thermal expansion coefficient: 1 84 1 0 - 7 / K) in the case of using the thermal expansion coefficient difference mutual 1 0 0 x 1 0 — 7 / K or more, resulting in a change in the amount of eccentricity of the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 to the central axis A of the optical collimation 1 1 due to this is 0.009 mm (0.9 ⁇ m)
- the change in the outgoing deflection angle (beam tilt angle) of the parallel light 27 is about 0.3 °, which is about three times that of the case using a borosilicate glass sleeve 22. Getting worse.
- the optical collimator 21 of the present invention is made of a partially spherical lens made of an electrically insulating glass or crystallized glass, a capillary tube, and an eccentric sleep, and is used in a high magnetic field of 1 Tes 1 a or more. It is characterized in that eddy currents due to induction are not substantially generated.
- the optical collimator 21 of the present invention has an electric insulation that is not affected by electromagnetic induction such as eddy current even in a high magnetic field of 1 Tes 1 a or more, that is, 100 000 Gauss or more.
- Partially spherical surface made of body glass or crystallized glass It is important to use lenses 23, capillaries 24, and eccentric sleeves 22.
- An optical collimator comprises: a cylindrical eccentric sleeve; a cylindrical portion having a cylindrical portion attached thereto, and a partial spherical lens having a translucent sphere having substantially the same center of curvature at both ends of the cylindrical portion;
- An optical collimator having a capillary tube attached to the eccentric sleep and having an optical fiber in the center and a slanted end surface facing a partial spherical lens, wherein the eccentric sleeve is made of glass or glass. Since it is made of crystallized glass, it is possible to use glass precision molding technology when producing light collimation of small dimensions, so it is more accurate and less expensive than metal. As a result, it is possible to realize optical collimation that can be mounted at a high density with a smaller size than ever before.
- the optical collimation 21 is a partial spherical lens 23 having a light-transmitting spherical surface 23 b having substantially the same center of curvature at both ends of a cylindrical portion 23 a made of glass having a substantially uniform refractive index.
- the concentric capillary 24 holding the optical fiber 25 inside the eccentric sleeve so that the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 does not deviate from the center axis A of the optical collimator 21. Insert the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of 22 and the center axis C of the inner hole 22 a of the eccentric sleeper 22 in advance into the inner hole 22 a of the eccentric sleeve 22 eccentrically (5).
- the conventional concentric slip 2 described above is used.
- the optical collimator 1 there is no need for alignment work to match the eccentric direction of the optical axis Z of the incoming / outgoing parallel light 7 and the parallel light 2 7
- the optical collimator 21 can be made so that the optical axis Z enters and exits from the central axis A of the optical collimator 21.
- the eccentric sleeve 22 and the partial spherical surface can be used in various temperature conditions.
- the pair of the optical collimators 21 are located at positions corresponding to their working distances, and the central axes B of the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective eccentric sleeves 22 coincide with each other.
- an optical signal is introduced from one of the optical fibers 25, a response of more than 130 dB to the input is obtained from the other optical fiber 25.
- the eccentric sleeve 22 is made of glass or crystallized glass, high precision cylindricity and eccentricity (also referred to as off-axis amount) are determined by the drawing method. It is possible to achieve large-scale production stably and efficiently. Furthermore, since the surface of the eccentric sleep 22 is fire-polished, there is no need to polish the surface, so that it has the effect of being inexpensive to manufacture.
- the capillary 24 is made of glass or crystallized glass, high precision cylindricity can be achieved by the drawing method, similarly to the eccentric sleep 22.
- the surface is fire-polished, there is no need to polish the surface, which has the effect of making it possible to manufacture it stably, efficiently and inexpensively.
- the eccentric sleep 22, the partial spherical lens 23, and the capillary tube 24 have a difference in thermal expansion coefficient within 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / K. 22.
- the partial spherical lens 23, the capillary 24, and the eccentric sleeve 22 are made of an electrically insulating glass or crystallized glass.
- OOOOG auss since it is not affected by electromagnetic induction, it is possible to realize an optical collimator 21 which does not suffer from deterioration of optical characteristics due to electromagnetic induction.
- polarization when linearly polarized light passes through a substance, is affected by the intensity of the magnetic field and the intensity of light.
- the magnetic Kerr effect is a phenomenon in which, when linearly polarized light is incident on a substance, elliptically polarized light whose main axis is tilted from the direction of the incident linearly polarized light is reflected. It only acts on polarized light and does not pose a problem in terms of optical characteristics for various sensor applications such as a rotary encoder that is attached to the rotation axis and detects its movement.
- the light collimator 21 of the present invention has a maximum diameter of less than 2 mm, and preferably has a maximum diameter of less than 1.5 mm.
- the maximum diameter such as the outer diameter of the eccentric sleeve 22 is less than 2 mm
- the size of the optical device using the optical collimator 21 can be reduced, and A high-density array of 21 collimates is possible.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an optical collimator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 (A) is a sectional view in a direction parallel to the optical axis
- FIG. 1 (B) is a sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
- Fig. 1 (C) is an explanatory view of the performance evaluation in which an optical collimator faces the V-groove.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a capillary tube having an optical fiber held therein for use in light collimation according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (A) is a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the optical axis
- FIG. () Is a sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
- 3A and 3B are explanatory views of a partial spherical lens used for light collimation according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a sectional view in a direction parallel to the optical axis, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of a direction perpendicular
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the eccentric sleeve used in the optical collimator of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 (A) is a sectional view in a direction parallel to the optical axis
- FIG. 4 (B) is a sectional view of the optical axis. It is sectional drawing of a direction perpendicular
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of an optical collimator having a long working distance according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 (A) is a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the optical axis
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the direction.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a rotary encoder using optical collimation.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a mouth-to-mouth line encoder that can detect the rotation direction using light collimation.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the phase and // phase signal processing of the oral tally encoder.
- Fig. 9 is an explanatory view of a conventional optical collimation.
- Fig. 9 (A) is a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the optical axis
- Fig. 9 (B) is a sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. It is sectional drawing.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an optical functional component using conventional optical collimation.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an optical collimator when the end face of the optical fiber is not polished obliquely.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of light collimation 21 showing an example of the present invention.
- 22 is an eccentric tube made of glass as an eccentric sleeve
- 23 is a partial spherical surface.
- a lens, 26 is an adhesive
- 24 is a concentric capillary
- 25 is an optical fiber.
- n 2 refractive index of air in the case of air
- n 3 refractive index of partial spherical lens 23
- Table 1 shows an example of each parameter of light collimation 21 using optical glass LaSF015 as the glass material of the partial spherical lens 23.
- the outer diameter of the eccentric sleep 22 is 1.4 mm and the inner hole 2 of the eccentric sleep 22 has an optical collimator 21 of the present invention.
- the diameter of a is 1.0 mm.
- the eccentricity 5 (off-axis amount) between the central axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleep 2 2 and the central axis C of the inner hole of the eccentric sleep 2 2 is 0 1 3 mm.
- eccentric sleep 22 with a total length of 5.0 mm made of glass, and optical glass L a SF 0 15 fixed to the inner hole 22 a of the eccentric slip 22 with a substantially uniform refractive index.
- An adhesive 26 made of an epoxy resin for bonding the partial spherical lens 23 is provided.
- An anti-reflection film (not shown) is formed on the translucent spherical surface 23 b of the partial spherical lens 23 in order to reduce reflection of an optical signal.
- the concentric capillary 24 having an outer diameter of 1.0 mm and a total length of 4.3 mm is used to reduce the reflected light returning from the end face 25 a of the optical fiber 25 held inside.
- the outer peripheral surface of the capillary 24 is polished at an angle of 8 ° with respect to a plane perpendicular to the center axis Y, and an antireflection film (not shown) is formed on the end surface 25 a.
- 2a is provided with an adhesive 26 made of an epoxy resin for bonding a concentric capillary 24.
- the optical collimator 21 of the present invention is optically arranged so that the end face 25 a of the optical fiber 25 and the translucent sphere 23 b of the partial spherical lens 23 operate correctly as the optical collimator 21. It is fixed by an adhesive 26 made of an epoxy resin at a position where the distance is an appropriate 0.25 mm.
- Table 2 shows examples of the eccentricity of the optical axis Z (optical axis eccentricity) in 27.
- the working distance is the distance of the space between the translucent spherical surfaces 23 b outside the partial spherical lenses 23 when the optical collimator-evening 21 is arranged facing each other.
- the insertion loss and return loss are equal to or better than those of the conventional product, and there is no practical problem.
- the outgoing declination is 0.1. These values are very good compared to the following and conventional products. Furthermore, since the eccentricity of the optical axis Z of the parallel light 27 with respect to the central axis A of the optical collimator 21 is 0.015 mm or less, for example, as shown in Fig. 1 (C) The optical collimator 21 is positioned on the V-groove 28 a of the V-groove substrate 28 at the working distance, and the center axes B of the outer peripheral surfaces of the eccentric sleeves 22 coincide with each other. When mounted opposite to each other, an optical signal response can be obtained even in the state of non-alignment, so the optical functional parts that require alignment work between optical collimators 21 When assembled, work efficiency is significantly improved compared to conventional products.
- two light collimators 21 are used, and they are placed on one V-groove so that the working distance is 17.5 mm.
- the insertion loss was measured in this state.
- the value of the insertion loss at that time was about 1.5 dB.
- the self-aligning device can be activated simply by mounting it in one V-groove in an unaligned state—response of an optical signal of 30 dB or more, that is, various kinds of optical systems When measured with an optical system, most of them can obtain an optical signal response of 10 dB or more. A sufficient optical signal response in the range of dB to 11 dB was obtained. In this way, a sufficient optical signal response can be obtained easily, thus exhibiting performance not available in conventional products.
- a long capillary with an outer diameter of less than 1.0 mm and an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber 25 is manufactured by heating and stretching a similar preform. I do.
- the long capillary is cut into an appropriate length, and as shown in FIG. 2, an optical fiber 25 is inserted into and adhered to the inner hole of the capillary 24, and then the center of the outer peripheral surface of the capillary 24 is formed.
- Polishing to a plane perpendicular to the axis Y at 8 ° and forming an anti-reflection coating (not shown) on the end face 25a of the optical fiber 25 make the outer diameter less than 1.0 mm and the overall length
- a capillary 24 having a central axis Y of 4.3 mm of the outer surface of the capillary 14 as an optical axis is produced.
- the outer surface of the capillary 24 is provided on the end surface 25 a of the optical fiber 25 8.
- ° Marking or orientation flat (not shown) that indicates the direction of polishing is applied.
- a ball lens having high sphericity and being available at a low price is used as a material, and is ground into a cylindrical shape by a grinder (not shown).
- a translucent sphere 23 having a diameter of less than 1.0 mm and a cylindrical portion 23 made of glass having a substantially uniform refractive index has the same center of curvature and a radius of curvature r of 1.75 mm at both ends of the cylindrical portion 23.
- a partial spherical lens 23 having b and having the central axis X of the outer peripheral surface of the partial spherical lens 23 as the optical axis is produced.
- the central axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22 and the central axis C of the inner hole 22 a of the eccentric sleeve 22 as shown in FIG. (5 is 0.13 mm, the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22 is 1.4 mm, and the diameter of the inner hole 22 a of the eccentric sleeve 22 is 10 mm.
- the eccentric sleeve 22 is made of glass.
- the center axis B of the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22 and the inner hole 22a of the eccentric sleeve 22 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 22. Marking to align eccentric direction with center axis C If an orifice processing part (not shown) is provided, it will be easy to assemble the optical collimator.
- the partial spherical lens 23 is inserted into the inner hole 22 a of the eccentric sleeve 22, and fixed with the adhesive 26. After the adhesive 2 6 is completely cured, the capillary
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of an optical collimator 31 having a long working distance according to another example of the present invention.
- 32 is a glass tube as an eccentric sleeve.
- 33 indicates a partial spherical lens
- 36 indicates an adhesive
- 34 indicates a capillary tube
- 35 indicates an optical fiber.
- a glass tube is used as the eccentric sleeve 32, but other materials may be used as long as the mutual thermal expansion coefficient difference is within 50 ⁇ 10 17 / K.
- n 2 Refractive index of air in air ''
- n 3 refractive index of partial spherical lens 33
- Table 3 shows an example of each parameter of the optical collimator 31 with a long working distance using optical glass La SFO-15 as the glass material of the partial spherical lens 33.
- the amount of eccentricity is calculated from Equation 1 (5 is 0.2 O mm. Therefore, the eccentric sleeve 3 used for the optical collimator 31 with a long working distance shown in Fig. 5)
- the eccentricity between the central axis B of the outer peripheral surface of 2 and the eccentric slot and the central axis C of the inner hole 3 2a of the boss 3 is slightly less than 0.2 and 0 mm in the case of the parameters shown in Table 3. Just fine.
- the eccentric sleeve 32 has an outer peripheral surface with a diameter of 1.8 mm, and an inner hole with a diameter of 1.25 mm has a total length of 8. O mm.
- It consists of optical glass L a SF 0 15 fixed to the inner hole 3 2 a of 3 2 and having a substantially uniform refractive index, and has a translucent spherical surface 3 b with substantially the same center of curvature at both ends of the cylindrical portion 33 a. Further, an adhesive 36 made of an epoxy resin for bonding the partial spherical lens 33 to the inner hole 32 a of the eccentric sleeve 32 is provided. An anti-reflection film (not shown) is formed on the translucent spherical surface 33 b of the partial spherical lens 33 to reduce the reflection of an optical signal.
- the capillary 34 whose outer diameter is 1.25 mm and whose total length is 4.3 mm is held inside.
- the outer surface of the capillary 34 is polished obliquely at 8 ° with respect to a plane perpendicular to the center axis Y, and the end surface 35a
- An eccentric sleeve 32 is provided with an adhesive 36 made of an epoxy resin for bonding the capillary 34 to the inner hole 32 a of the eccentric sleeve 32.
- the end face 35 a of the optical fiber 35 and the translucent spherical surface 33 b of the partial spherical lens 33 operate correctly as the optical collimator. It is fixed by an adhesive 36 made of epoxy resin at a position where the optically appropriate distance is 0.40 mm as follows.
- the insertion loss of the optical collimator 31 having a long working distance Return loss (also referred to as return loss), outgoing deflection angle of parallel light 37 (also referred to as beam tilt angle), and optical axis Z of parallel light 37 with respect to central axis A of optical collimator 31 having a long working distance
- Return loss also referred to as return loss
- outgoing deflection angle of parallel light 37 also referred to as beam tilt angle
- Table 4 shows examples of the amount of eccentricity (also referred to as optical axis eccentricity).
- the working distance was set to 15 Omm using two optical collimators 31 with a long working distance. The measurement is carried out in a state where it is opposed to.
- the insertion loss and return loss are equal to or better than those of conventional products, and there is no practical problem.
- the outgoing declination is very good compared to the conventional product of the optical collimator with a long working distance of 0.1 ° or less. Furthermore, since the eccentricity of the optical axis Z of the parallel light 37 with respect to the central axis A of the optical collimator 31 having a long working distance is 0.015 mm or less, for example, as shown in Fig. 1 (C ) When Similarly, the optical collimator 31 having a long working distance on the precise V-groove is positioned at a predetermined working distance, and the center axes B of the outer peripheral surfaces of the eccentric sleeves 32 are aligned with each other.
- an optical signal response can be obtained with an insertion loss of only a few dB from the input even in an unaligned state, so that an optical collimator with a long working distance 3 1
- the work efficiency is significantly improved compared to those using a conventional optical collimator with a long working distance.
- the optical collimator 31 of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 has a working distance as long as 15 O mm, the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the partial spherical lens 33 is reduced to 1.25 mm. By reducing the diameter, we realized an optical collimation 31 with excellent optical characteristics with an outer diameter of 1.8 mm.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an incremental type mouth encoder 40 using the optical collimator 21 of the present invention.
- the mouthpiece is a sensor that detects the rotation angle and the rotation angular velocity.
- the scale 41 with the signal slit 41a on the rotation axis is directly connected to the scale 41. It is a sensor that detects the rotation angle with the pulse signal of the parallel light 27 of the optical collimator 21 that passes through the signal slit 41a. By differentiating the obtained rotation angle with respect to time, it is possible to detect the rotation angular velocity.
- the structure shown in Fig. 6 can detect the rotation angle, but cannot detect the direction of rotation. Therefore, many mouth-to-mouth encoders use more than one optical collimator 21 to detect the direction of rotation and to detect the starting point. It has a structure to do.
- the rotation direction and the starting point can be detected by using at least three pairs (six) of optical collimators 21.
- the optical collimator 21 on the light receiving side in Fig. 7 is detected.
- Figure 8 shows the pulse signal and its signal processing.
- the phase and the / phase are arranged so that they are detected 180 degrees out of phase with each other.
- the phase pulse signal and the 5-phase pulse signal are detected. By taking the exclusive OR, the resolution can be doubled.
- Exclusive OR means that the input of the ⁇ 'phase pulse signal and the input of the / 5 phase pulse signal are different in the incremental encoder 40 using the optical collimator 21 of the present invention. In this case, it is an operation that takes a signal of 0 ⁇ , otherwise it takes 0FF.
- Table 5 shows the processing result of the exclusive OR using the phase pulse signal and the /? Phase pulse signal.
- the incremental type encoder 40 as shown in FIG. 7 is often used for industrial robots and the like, but the optical collimator 21 of the present invention uses glass or crystal as an electrical insulator. It is manufactured using partially spherical lenses 23, capillaries 24, eccentric sleeves 22, and optical fibers 25 made of fossilized glass, and uses no metal members, so it is more than l Tesla, that is, l OOOOG It is not affected by electromagnetic induction even in high magnetic fields above auss, and can be used in ultra-high magnetic fields using superconducting magnets such as MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
- MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- an incremental type encoder 40 composed only of the non-metallic material can be obtained. Therefore, the incremental encoder 40 can be used in a device exposed to a high magnetic field without being affected by electromagnetic induction.
- the incremental encoder 40 shown in Fig. 7 is composed of the optical collimator 21 of the present invention, and the obtained pulse signal is converted into an optical fiber 25 by an electrical insulator. It is possible to transmit with low loss to pulse signal processing equipment installed at a long distance that is not affected by magnetic fields.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US10/549,756 US20060256446A1 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2004-03-22 | Optical collimator |
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JP2003077487 | 2003-03-20 | ||
JP2003-077487 | 2003-03-20 |
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WO2004083924A1 true WO2004083924A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
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WO (1) | WO2004083924A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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CN115490414A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-20 | 杰讯光电(福建)有限公司 | 一种光纤准直器毛细管制造工艺 |
Families Citing this family (5)
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US7843644B1 (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2010-11-30 | Alliance Fiber Optic Products, Inc. | Compact free-space WDM device with one-sided input/output ports |
JP5140396B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-28 | 2013-02-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光コネクタおよびこれを用いる光断層画像化装置 |
JP2011154310A (ja) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-11 | Nikon Corp | 光学装置及び光学機器 |
CN102262268A (zh) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-30 | 福州通产光电技术有限公司 | 光纤准直器及其生产工艺 |
CN111998837B (zh) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-05-17 | 广州铭拓光电科技有限公司 | 一种多用途的激光准绳仪 |
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CN115490414B (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-04-02 | 杰讯光电(福建)有限公司 | 一种光纤准直器毛细管制造工艺 |
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