WO2004077006A1 - プラスチック成形体のガスバリア性測定方法 - Google Patents
プラスチック成形体のガスバリア性測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004077006A1 WO2004077006A1 PCT/JP2004/002223 JP2004002223W WO2004077006A1 WO 2004077006 A1 WO2004077006 A1 WO 2004077006A1 JP 2004002223 W JP2004002223 W JP 2004002223W WO 2004077006 A1 WO2004077006 A1 WO 2004077006A1
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- atmosphere
- plastic
- measured
- measuring
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 391
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 34
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 25
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100204264 Arabidopsis thaliana STR4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KPAMAAOTLJSEAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].O=C=O Chemical compound [N].O=C=O KPAMAAOTLJSEAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane;methanol Chemical compound OC.OC.C1CCCCC1 VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004454 trace mineral analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/226—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0078—Testing material properties on manufactured objects
- G01N33/0081—Containers; Packages; Bottles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas barrier property measuring method for quickly and accurately evaluating the gas barrier property of a plastic molded body, and further extends to a measuring method suitable for quality control of the gas barrier property when mass-producing a gas barrier plastic container.
- a gas barrier plastic container is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-531116.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-531116 regarding the oxygen barrier properties of plastic containers, the permeation amount of oxygen is measured at 40 ° C using OX-TRAN TW IN manufactured by MODERNCONTR 0L. .
- the carbon dioxide gas barrier property the amount of permeated carbon dioxide gas was measured at 25 ° C using a PERMAT RANC-4 type manufactured by MED RN C O N TROL.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-18763 discloses a method for measuring gas concentration of hydrogen.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-111876 is not to measure hydrogen directly, but to generate water (steam) from hydrogen, and to measure this water to convert the hydrogen concentration. I have. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. The reason why water is generated as described in the right column, line 10 on page 2 of the specification is that hydrogen is not efficiently ionized to the parent ion (H 2 + , mass 2), so a special problem for mass spectrometry is caused. This is because it has occurred.
- APIMS atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer
- a gas permeation measuring device separately measures oxygen or carbon dioxide.
- the measured value becomes stable. It takes at least a week. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the measured values, it takes more than one week to measure the gas barrier properties of one plastic container.
- the reason why the measurement takes a long time is that the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-531116 uses carrier gas carrying the gas to be measured from the viewpoint of ensuring measurement accuracy. Since the flow rate cannot be increased, the gas circulation in the vessel is poor and the response of the measured value is slow, so it is estimated that it will take a long time.
- plastic resins have high hygroscopicity depending on the type.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- 100 g of resin at a relative humidity of 20 to 80% at 20 ° C. May absorb between 0.3 and 0.5 g of water.
- the present inventors have found that the presence of water molecules absorbed in the resin affects the detector, and that the measured value of oxygen permeability varies greatly depending on the moisture content of the resin. If the container is stored in a warehouse, the container will absorb moisture.
- a plastic container molding factory when checking the quality of gas barrier properties over time after molding a container, a beverage filling factory checks the gas barrier properties of a plastic container. If it is one of the quality confirmation items when accepting gas, the difference in moisture absorption affects the detector and the evaluation of gas barrier properties will vary.
- the object of the present invention is to dry the plastic molded body by heating it in a temperature range that does not deform or thermally deteriorate the plastic molded body before measuring the gas to be measured that has passed through the plastic molded body, and preferably to absorb moisture.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gas barrier property measuring method in which the precision of gas barrier property measurement is improved by removing moisture by heating and drying, and quickly adjusting a plastic molded body from which the influence of moisture has been removed.
- mass spectrometers especially atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometers, are used and a relatively large amount of carrier gas is allowed to flow.
- the object is to simultaneously and accurately measure not only one measurement target gas but also a plurality of measurement target gases.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring gas barrier properties of a plastic molded article, particularly a plastic container or a gas barrier plastic container having a gas barrier thin film coated on one or both of its inner surface and outer surface. That is.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the oxygen gas barrier property of a plastic molded product, particularly a method for measuring the oxygen gas barrier property by permeation of oxygen from the atmosphere.
- an object of the present invention is to use one or a combination of oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and hydrogen gas as the measurement target gas, and adjust the atmosphere containing the measurement target gas so that the measurement target gas has a predetermined partial pressure.
- Standard gas of measurement target gas-argon or standard gas of measurement target gas-nitrogen gas An object of the present invention is to provide a method for accurately measuring the gas barrier property of one or a combination of oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas by eliminating the influence of impurity gas.
- an object of the present invention is to use a gas to be measured as oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 so that oxygen gas existing before measurement in the plastic resin (oxygen gas having a mass number of 16 is 99.776). 2%, oxygen gas of mass 17 is 0.038%, oxygen gas of mass 18 is 0.200%, and oxygen gas of mass 16 is the majority)
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gas barrier property measuring method which completely eliminates the influence of oxygen gas existing before measurement in a plastic resin by separating and measuring oxygen gas passing through a plastic resin.
- the gas permeates by diffusion and penetration according to the concentration gradient of the gas.
- the initial data of the normal measurement method is based on both the oxygen gas existing in the plastic resin before measurement and the oxygen gas permeated by diffusion and penetration. It will be detected as a measured value.
- a true measurement value of gas barrier property can be expected to be detected promptly by detecting only the oxygen gas that has permeated by diffusion and penetration from the initial stage of measurement.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a gas to be measured in which a combination of at least one gas of oxygen gas having a mass number of 16, 16 carbon dioxide, or hydrogen gas and an oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 is used.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a measurement method capable of simultaneously measuring gas barrier properties of gas species.
- Another object of the present invention is to evaluate the gas barrier properties of each container when coating a gas barrier thin film on a plastic container in a mass-produced state using a plurality of coating chambers. To provide a gas barrier property measurement method that can grasp the operating state of the coating chamber by comparing the gas barrier property of the film-formed container for each chamber. That is. This is because the quality of the formed gas barrier thin film often depends on whether or not the coating chamber is operating normally.
- the present invention can quickly measure gas barrier properties, it is expected that the quality evaluation of gas barrier properties of containers on a production line can be determined based on the results of this measurement method.
- the conventional measurement method that requires an evaluation time of one week or more takes too much time as an evaluation method on a production line.
- the purpose of the present invention is to use argon in the atmosphere adjustment step and the measurement target gas measurement step. By setting the flow rate of the argon gas or nitrogen gas supplied to the atmosphere side or the nitrogen atmosphere side to a predetermined value or more, gas replacement is quickly performed to quickly reach a steady state in which measurement can be started,
- the inventors of the present invention measured the plastic molded body by suppressing the dispersion of the measurement data due to water molecules to improve the accuracy of the measurement and efficiently performing gas replacement required for the measurement.
- mass spectrometry particularly atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry.
- the method for measuring gas barrier properties of a plastic molded article according to the present invention includes a gas barrier for measuring the amount of gas permeating through a plastic molded article such as a plastic container, a plastic sheet, or a plastic film using a gas analyzer.
- the method for measuring properties includes a heating and drying step in which the plastic molded body is heated and dried in a temperature range that does not cause deformation or thermal deterioration.
- one side of a wall surface of the plastic molded article is set as an atmosphere containing a gas to be measured, and the front and back relation of the wall surface is determined.
- the method further includes an atmosphere adjusting step of setting the other side as a carrier gas atmosphere for carrying the gas to be measured after permeation to the gas analyzer.
- the carrier gas atmosphere is preferably an argon atmosphere or a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- the heating and drying step be performed simultaneously in the atmosphere adjusting step.
- the measurement target gas permeates the plastic molded product from one side to the other side of the wall surface, and the transmission amount of the measurement target gas is substantially constant.
- the case further includes a measurement target gas measuring step of measuring the permeation amount by the gas analyzer when the state becomes a state.
- the heating and drying step includes a step of removing moisture absorbed by the plastic molded article. Further, in the heating and drying step, the adsorbed gas adsorbed on one side of the wall surface of the plastic molded body is replaced with a gas in the atmosphere containing the gas to be measured, and the other side of the wall surface of the plastic molded body has a front-to-back relationship. Replacing the adsorbed gas with the gas in the carrier gas atmosphere.
- the gas analyzer is preferably a mass spectrometer, and more preferably an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer.
- the plastic molded article is a plastic container, or a gas barrier plastic having a gas barrier thin film coated on one or both of its inner surface and outer surface.
- the atmosphere adjusting step it is preferable that the outside of the container is an atmosphere containing a gas to be measured and the inside of the container is an atmosphere of the carrier gas.
- the measurement target gas be oxygen gas and the measurement target gas-containing atmosphere be an air atmosphere.
- the measurement target gas is any one of oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, or hydrogen gas or a combination thereof, and the measurement target gas-containing atmosphere is adjusted so that the measurement target gas has a predetermined partial pressure. It is preferable that the measurement target gas be an argon atmosphere or the measurement target gas be a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- the gas to be measured is oxygen gas having a mass number of 18, and the atmosphere containing the gas to be measured is oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 adjusted to have a predetermined partial pressure of the oxygen gas having a mass number of 18-argon.
- the atmosphere is preferably an oxygen gas-nitrogen gas atmosphere having a mass number of 18.
- the gas to be measured is a mixed gas of at least any one of oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, or hydrogen gas having a mass number of 16 and an oxygen gas having a mass number of 18; It is preferable that the gas to be measured is a gas to be measured adjusted to a predetermined partial pressure—an argon atmosphere or a gas to be measured—a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- the plastic container may include a coating for coating a gas barrier thin film on one or both of an inner surface and an outer surface of the plastic container.
- An atmosphere adjustment step and the measurement target gas measurement step are performed, and then, a chamber operation determination step of comparing the gas barrier properties of the gas barrier plastic container for each of the coating chambers to determine the operation failure of the coating chamber. It is preferable to do it.
- the atmosphere adjustment step and the measurement target gas measurement step in the atmosphere adjustment step and the measurement target gas measurement step, the argon flow rate per minute supplied to the carrier gas atmosphere side per minute or else
- the nitrogen flow rate per minute is at least twice the capacity of the plastic container. .
- the problem that the evaluation of gas barrier properties varies due to moisture absorption of plastics is overcome, and the gas barrier properties of plastic moldings, such as containers, are measured with good response and high accuracy regardless of the amount of moisture absorption.
- the precision of gas barrier property measurement can be improved by quickly adjusting the plastic molded body from which the influence of moisture has been removed.
- a gas analyzer preferably a mass analyzer, more preferably an atmospheric pressure ionization mass analyzer and flowing a relatively large amount of carrier gas
- the detected value of the permeation amount of the gas to be measured can be measured with high response and high accuracy.
- plastic molded products having complex shapes such as plastic containers or gas-barrier plastic containers coated with a gas-barrier thin film on one or both of the inner and outer surfaces are evaluated in several hours. It was possible. At this time, not only one gas to be measured but also a plurality of gases to be measured can be simultaneously and accurately measured.
- the gases to be measured are oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, hydrogen gas, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, by using oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 as the gas to be measured, it was possible to provide a method for measuring gas barrier properties in which the influence of oxygen gas existing in a plastic resin before measurement was completely eliminated.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a coating device of a mass production machine
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of a coating champ arrangement of the coating device.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a gas barrier property measuring device for a plastic container.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in oxygen gas concentration and hydrogen gas concentration according to the elapsed measurement time in Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength at the time of the background measurement in the operation procedure (1) of the gas barrier property measurement method in Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the oxygen gas concentration in Example 1.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the hydrogen gas concentration in Example 2.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in the oxygen gas concentration and the hydrogen gas concentration according to the elapsed measurement time in Examples 3 and 4.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength at the time of the background measurement in the operation procedure (1) of the gas barrier property measurement method for Examples 3 and 4.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the oxygen gas concentration in Example 3.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the hydrogen gas concentration in Example 4.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the DLC film and the amount of oxygen gas permeation.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the DLC film and the amount of hydrogen gas permeation.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of measurement days and the amount of oxygen gas permeated at that time for Comparative Examples 4 to 8. ⁇
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing changes in the oxygen concentration in the carrier gas flowing through the PET container, with and without the heating and drying treatment.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the change in the oxygen concentration in the carrier gas flowing through the polyethylene container, with and without the heating and drying treatment.
- 1 is a liquid argon tank
- 2 is a liquid argon evaporator
- 3 is a pressure reducing valve
- 4 is a getter
- 5 is a bypass line
- 6, 9, 23 is a mass flow controller
- 7, 10, 0, 1 4 is a purifier
- 8 is a pet bottle line
- 11 is a pet bottle
- 12 is a valve B
- 13 is a valve A
- 15 is an APIMS
- 16 is a gas supply pipe
- 17 is a gas discharge pipe
- 2 1 is a standard gas cylinder
- 24 is a pet bottle sealing means
- 31 is a pet pot external atmosphere adjusting means.
- Examples of the plastic molded article according to the present invention include a plastic container, a plastic sheet, and a plastic film.
- a plastic container particularly a beverage container
- a relatively short time may be required due to the thin film thickness.
- the resin thickness is 0.3 to lmm, so quick measurement is required compared to film.
- the beverage container has a three-dimensional shape, the shape of the interior of the container is complicated, and it takes a long time to completely carry out gas replacement by flowing a carrier gas. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate gas barrier properties at high speed and with high accuracy.
- the present invention is not affected by the shape of the container, and examples of the use of the container include carbonated beverages such as beer, fruit juice beverages, nutritional drinks, and pharmaceuticals. ⁇ ⁇
- the resin used when molding the plastic container of the present invention is polyethylene terephthalate resin (PET), polyethylene terephthalate-based copolyester resin (cyclohexane dimethanol was used in place of ethylene glycol for the alcohol component of the polyester.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate resin
- cyclohexane dimethanol was used in place of ethylene glycol for the alcohol component of the polyester.
- the copolymer is called PETG, manufactured by Distant Chemical, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene naphtholate resin, polyethylene resin (PE), polypropylene resin (PP), cycloolefin copolymer polymer (COC, cycloolefin) Copolymer), ionomer resin, poly-4-methylpentene-11 resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polystyrene resin (PS), ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin, acrylonitrile resin, polyvinyl chloride Resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), polyamide resin, polyamide imide resin, polyacetal resin ..
- PETG manufactured by Distant Chemical, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene naphtholate resin, polyethylene resin (PE), polypropylene resin (PP), cycloolefin copolymer polymer (COC, cycloolefin) Copolymer), ionomer
- PC Polycarbonate resin
- polysulfone resin polysulfone resin
- tetrafluoroethylene resin Acrylonitrile-styrene resin
- polyether sulfone resin polyether sulfone resin
- acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin.
- PET is particularly preferred.
- a PET bottle is taken as an example of a plastic container.
- the water absorption of plastic 24 hours, 23) is classified into three, (1) PE: ⁇ 0.01 %, PP: ⁇ 0.005%, PS: 0.04 to 0.06%, PVDC: Very small.
- PET 0.3 to 0.5%
- PC 0.35%
- polyethersulfone 0.3 to 0.4% as intermediate.
- the plastic molded body according to the present embodiment may be a gas barrier plastic container having a gas barrier thin film coated on one or both of the inner surface and the outer surface.
- a gas barrier thin film coated on the wall of a plastic container SiO x, DLC (da ⁇ resort).
- Examples include Si-like DLC, Si-containing DLC, polymer-like carbon, aluminum oxide, polymer-like silicon nitride, and acrylic resin-based resin coat.
- DLC has excellent oxygen barrier properties and water vapor barrier properties, is chemically inert, and contains carbon and hydrogen as its main components. It is particularly preferred because it has the ability to follow the expansion and contraction of plastic.
- the DLC film referred to in the present invention is a film called an i-carbon film or a hydrogenated amorphous carbon film (a-C: H), and includes a hard carbon film.
- the DLC film is an amorphous carbon film and also has an SP 3 bond.
- the raw material gas for forming the DLC film is a hydrocarbon-based gas, for example, an acetylene gas.
- a Si-containing hydrocarbon gas is used.
- the gas barrier thin film can be coated on the inner surface and / or outer surface of the plastic container, but the gas barrier property is ensured and the gas is absorbed into the plastic or the plastic is contained in the plastic. It is particularly preferable to form a gas barrier thin film on the inner surface in consideration of preventing the trace components from being eluted into the packing and being economical.
- a method for forming the DLC film for example, a film forming method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-53116 is used.
- the method for measuring the gas barrier property of a plastic molded article is a method of measuring, using a gas analyzer, the amount of a gas to be measured that passes through the plastic molded article, and (1) does not deform or thermally deteriorate the plastic molded article
- a heating and drying step of heating and drying in a temperature range may include a step of removing moisture absorbed by the plastic molded body. Further, in the heating and drying step, the adsorbed gas adsorbed on one side of the wall surface of the plastic molded body contains the gas to be measured.
- the method may include a step of replacing the gas with an atmosphere and a method of replacing the adsorption gas adsorbed on the other side of the wall surface of the plastic molded body with a carrier gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen gas.
- the method for measuring the gas barrier property of a plastic molded article according to the present embodiment is as follows.
- This carrier gas is a gas that carries the gas to be measured after permeation to the gas analyzer, and may contain 0.5 to 3.0% of hydrogen gas for removing impurity oxygen.
- the hydrogen gas for removing impurity oxygen reacts with the impurity oxygen in the carrier gas by a catalyst before touching the plastic molded body. On the other hand, since it does not react with oxygen after touching the catalyst, it does not react with permeated oxygen.
- the method for measuring the gas barrier property of a plastic molded article according to the present embodiment is as follows. , That is, when the concentration of the gas to be measured takes a fixed value with the value of the detector, the permeation amount is measured by various gas analyzers, preferably a mass analyzer, more preferably an atmospheric pressure ionization mass analyzer. And measuring the gas to be measured.
- the present inventors have found that when water molecules due to moisture absorption or the like are present in the molecular structure of the plastic molded object to be measured, the water molecules affect the detector, and the measured values of oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. become unstable. On the other hand, they have found that removing the water molecules absorbed by the plastic molded body can eliminate the adverse effects of the water molecules.
- PET resin can absorb 0.3 to 0.5 g of water per 100 g.
- Stick containers often have moisture absorption. If the gas barrier performance of this container is measured as it is, a measurement error will be included depending on the moisture absorption state of the container.
- the heating and drying process removes the water molecules absorbed by the plastic molded body, eliminates the adverse effects of the water molecules on the detector, and reduces the influence of the adsorbed gas adsorbed on the surface of the plastic molded body. It is done for the purpose.
- a method of continuously flowing a large amount of dry argon or dry nitrogen gas into the plastic container may be considered.
- the plastic molded body is heated in a temperature range that does not cause deformation or thermal deterioration.
- Blowing hot air of dry argon or dry nitrogen gas into the container is effective for drying at an early stage, but heating the container to a temperature higher than the glass transition point of the plastic may cause shrinkage and deformation of the container. It becomes. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the drying is performed at a temperature or lower that does not cause the deterioration of the thin film such as the shape deterioration, the peeling of the gas barrier thin film, and the crack.
- PET bottles are preferably dried at 60 to 80 ° C.
- the atmosphere adjustment step is provided to provide a concentration difference of the gas to be measured between the front surface and the back surface in the vicinity of the wall surface in the front-to-back relationship of the plastic molded body, and to diffuse the gas from the high concentration side to the low concentration side.
- the heating and drying step may be performed simultaneously.
- the atmosphere adjustment process takes some time to stabilize, and the heating and drying process takes some time for heating and cooling, but these can be performed simultaneously, which reduces the time required for measurement.
- the outside of the plastic container be an atmosphere containing a gas to be measured and that the inside of the plastic container be a carrier gas atmosphere such as an argon atmosphere or a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- the concentration of the gas to be measured outside the container is high, the concentration of the gas to be measured inside the container is low, and the gas to be measured diffuses and permeates through the resin from the outer surface of the container to the inner surface of the container.
- the plastic container may be a gas barrier plastic container having a gas barrier thin film coated on one or both of the inner surface and the outer surface.
- the gas to be measured is oxygen gas
- the atmosphere containing the gas to be measured is air.
- an argon gas or a nitrogen gas is flowed at a flow rate of, for example, 500 to 2000 m1Z as a carrier gas.
- Argon gas or nitrogen gas is a replacement gas until a steady state is reached.
- the gas to be measured is any one of oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and hydrogen gas. Or a combination thereof.
- the gas-containing atmosphere is a gas-to-measurement gas-argon atmosphere or a gas-to-measurement gas-nitrogen gas atmosphere adjusted so that the gas to be measured has a predetermined partial pressure.
- the carbon dioxide gas-argon gas or the oxygen gas-carbon dioxide gas-hydrogen gas-argon gas is adjusted to a predetermined partial pressure, respectively, prepared as a standard gas, and then flowed through the gas path.
- oxygen gas-nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide-nitrogen gas, hydrogen gas-nitrogen gas, oxygen gas-carbon dioxide gas-nitrogen gas, oxygen gas-hydrogen gas-nitrogen gas Hydrogen gas-carbon dioxide gas-nitrogen gas or oxygen gas-carbon dioxide gas-hydrogen gas-nitrogen gas is adjusted to a predetermined partial pressure, respectively, and prepared as a standard gas, and then flows through the gas path.
- the atmosphere containing the gas to be measured when measuring the gas barrier properties of oxygen gas is an atmospheric atmosphere, the effects of impurity gases, especially water vapor, are eliminated, so that improvement in measurement accuracy can be expected.
- the gas to be measured is oxygen gas having a mass of 18 and the atmosphere containing the gas to be measured is adjusted to have a predetermined partial pressure of the oxygen gas having a mass of 18 Oxygen gas in an argon atmosphere or an oxygen gas-nitrogen gas atmosphere with a mass number of 18 adjusted so that the oxygen gas with a mass number of 18 has a predetermined partial pressure.
- the reason for using an oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 is as follows. Normal oxygen gas has a mass number of 16, and APIMS, a detector for atmospheric pressure ionization analysis, can detect differences in mass numbers. On the other hand, molecular properties such as gas permeation are the same because they are isotopic elements.
- oxygen gas with a mass number of 18 in the plastic resin Since the proportion of oxygen gas with a mass number of 18 in the plastic resin is extremely low at 0.20% from the beginning, the oxygen gas with a mass number of 18 is measured as the target gas to measure in the plastic resin. Of oxygen gas (mass number 16) existing from the beginning ⁇ 7
- Output error can be separated. That is, if oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 is measured, it can be seen in real time how the oxygen gas starts to pass through the plastic molded body.
- oxygen gas having a mass number of 18 is used as the gas to be measured
- an application form is such that the gas to be measured is at least one of oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, or hydrogen gas having a mass number of 16 and a mass number of 18
- the atmosphere containing the gas to be measured is a standard gas in the atmosphere of the gas to be measured adjusted so that the gas to be measured has a predetermined partial pressure, or a gas having a predetermined partial pressure in an argon atmosphere.
- Table 1 shows an example of the composition of the standard gas of measurement target gas-argon gas and the standard gas composition of measurement target gas-nitrogen gas.
- the gas to be measured permeates the plastic molded body from one side of the wall to the other side, and the gas to be measured that has passed through the argon gas or nitrogen gas as the carrier gas is transported to the gas detector.
- the detected amount of the gas to be measured reaches a steady state, _ ⁇
- the permeation amount of the gas to be measured is determined by measuring the gas concentration of the gas to be measured. For example, when a plastic container is to be measured, the outside of the container is set to an atmosphere in which the gas to be measured is contained at a desired constant partial pressure. On the other hand, inside the container, the gas to be measured, which has passed through argon gas or nitrogen gas as a carrier gas, is sequentially transported to the detector.
- the gas permeability coefficient ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the plastic is expressed by Equation 1 using the gas diffusion rate D in the plastic and the gas solubility coefficient S in the plastic.
- the gas permeation amount Q of the plastic is expressed by Equation 2 using the gas permeation coefficient ⁇ , the permeation area ⁇ , the permeation time t, and the pressure p.
- the gas permeation amount Q of the plastic can be expressed by Equation 2, but in actual measurement, the concentration of the gas to be measured outside the plastic container (the specified concentration) and the concentration of the gas to be measured inside the container (measured as described above) (The target gas concentration is almost zero.) Unless the concentration gradient is constant, measurement errors will occur unless the concentration is constant. The gas molecules diffuse in the plastic and the time required for the concentration gradient of the gas molecules in the plastic to reach a steady state
- the lag time is proportional to the square of the plastic thickness and inversely proportional to the diffusion coefficient, as shown in Equation 3.
- Nitrogen was set to 1 and other gases were converted.
- Non-Patent Document 1 D.W.Van Kreve 1 en, Ploprties of Polymers, 5.55
- Equation 3 the diffusion coefficient D differs depending on the type of gas to be measured, and the delay time also increases. Although different, it can be said that the permeation of the gas to be measured has reached a steady state when the gas to be measured has diffused and permeated through the resin and has passed through. However, since the plastic molded body may have a complex shape, the permeation must be in a steady state in all parts.-. A predetermined time after detecting that the gas to be measured has permeated It is preferable to determine that the gas permeation has reached a steady state after the elapse.
- the gas to be measured stays inside the container before being transported to the detector.
- the gas inside the container in this case, argon gas or nitrogen gas as the carrier gas and the gas to be measured
- the gas inside the container becomes a constant concentration, and the effect of the gas stagnation disappears, and only a steady state is reached. Therefore, the transmission of the gas to be measured must be in a steady state and the gas concentration inside the container must be constant before the amount of transmission of the gas to be measured reaches a steady state.
- the gas to be measured is detected by a gas analyzer.
- a non-deflection mass spectrometer such as a quadrupole mass spectrometer or a time-of-flight difference mass spectrometer, or a deflection mass such as a magnetic field deflection mass spectrometer, a trochoid mass spectrometer, or an omegatron Perform with an analyzer. More preferably atmospheric pressure ionization ⁇
- a mass spectrometer is used. Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (APIMS, Atmospheric Presence Ionization Mass Spectroscopy) using the Atmospheric Ionization Method (API) is a method that can analyze even trace amounts of impurities, and is highly sensitive and real-time. It is unique in that it can be measured in time. This is because the APIMS gas inlet can operate at atmospheric pressure. To increase the sensitivity of a mass spectrometer, it is necessary to increase the ionization amount of the target component (high-efficiency ionization), but APIMS achieves high-efficiency ionization by two-step ionization.
- APIMS Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry
- APIMS Atmospheric Presence Ionization Mass Spectroscopy
- a sample gas containing a small amount of impurities (main component: C, impurities: X) is firstly ionized by corona discharge in the ionization section.
- primary ionization like most ionization methods, only a small part of the sample is ionized.
- the composition of the generated ions is almost the same as that of the sample, consisting of most of the main component ions C + and a few impurity ions X +.
- EI electron impact ionization
- ions generated by only one-step ionization corresponding to this primary ionization are detected, so the amount of target impurity ions X + is small, and high sensitivity detection is possible. Is difficult.
- X + is increased by using the following secondary ionization.
- C + is unnecessary for analysis purposes.
- This unnecessary ion C + is a method to find out the impurities X which have not yet been ionized and to transfer the charge by the charge exchange reaction.
- This ion-molecule reaction is a reaction in which charges move from one having a high ionization potential to one having a low ionization potential.
- Carrier gas nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc.
- impurity molecules H 2 ⁇ , ⁇ 2 , C ⁇ 2 , organic matter, etc.
- APIMS is hardly affected by flowing a large amount of carrier gas such as argon or nitrogen gas. Therefore, by flowing a large amount of carrier gas, gas retention inside the plastic container is suppressed, and The target gas can be immediately transported to the detector. As a result, the response speed of detection can be increased, and detection can be performed in almost real time. In addition, the waiting time until the gas concentration in the container reaches a steady state can be reduced. Also, if the amount of carrier gas is increased, the concentration (partial pressure) of the permeated gas to be measured will necessarily decrease, so a detection method capable of trace analysis is required. For the above reasons, there is a need for a technique such as APIMS that can detect a small amount without lowering the detection accuracy even when a large amount of carrier gas flows.
- carrier gas such as argon or nitrogen gas
- the gas barrier property of a plastic molded body such as a container can be measured with high accuracy and at high speed by a combination of heating and drying and the use of an atmospheric pressure ionization analyzer.
- the measurement accuracy decreases when a large amount of carrier gas flows.
- the carrier gas flow rate can be up to 50 m1 / min, but it is often measured at about 10 ml / min.
- the flow rate of argon gas supplied to the argon atmosphere side per minute in the atmosphere adjustment step and the measurement target gas measurement step be at least twice the capacity of the plastic container.
- the carrier gas flow rate can be set to a maximum of 2000 m1Z, and the measurement is performed at about 500 to 100 ml / min.
- the carrier gas (page gas) is increased by 50 to 100 times as compared with the measurement method used in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-531116. Since a large amount of water can be supplied, a steady state can be achieved early. In particular, when evaluating the gas barrier properties of a plastic container having a complicated three-dimensional interior, gas replacement inside the container can be suppressed and gas replacement can be performed quickly. Even in the oxygen barrier property measuring apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-531116, it is possible to remove the influence of moisture and reach a stable state early by providing a heating and drying step. is there. Since the gas permeability coefficient in plastics depends on temperature and humidity, it is necessary to perform measurement at a constant temperature.
- a plurality of coating chambers for coating a gas barrier thin film on one or both of the inner surface and the outer surface of a plastic container and the coating chamber are provided.
- the method for measuring gas barrier property of a plastic molded article according to the present embodiment can be applied to a gas barrier plastic container manufactured by a mass production machine which performs coating in mass production by simultaneously or sequentially operating the plastic molding. That is, each time a predetermined number of films are formed for each coating chamber, a heating and drying step, an atmosphere adjustment step, and a measurement target gas measurement step are performed, and then the gas barrier properties of the gas barrier plastic containers are compared for each coating chamber.
- a chamber operation determination step for determining the operation failure of the chamber is performed.
- FIG. 1 shows a coating chamber (film forming chamber) arranged in multiple circles, and a gas barrier thin film is coated on one or both of the inner and outer surfaces of the plastic container during one rotation of the circle.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a coating device for performing tinting.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing each process corresponding to the arrangement of the coating chamber and the rotational position.
- the symbols A and B attached to the coating chamber indicate the type of high-frequency power supply. High-frequency power supply A (not shown) and high-frequency power supply B (not shown) supply high-frequency power to the coating chamber in sequence. .
- the film-forming apparatus shown in Fig. 1 forms a gas barrier thin film each time a circle makes one rotation, but a plastic container that forms a film every 100 times (every 100 times the circle rotates).
- the gas barrier property of the plastic container is measured by the measuring method according to the present embodiment described above. The same applies to other coating chambers. Discount for sampling ⁇
- the case is determined appropriately according to the production speed of the mass production machine.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a gas barrier property measuring device for plastic containers.
- the piping configuration of this device consists of a liquid argon tank 1, a liquid argon evaporator 2, a pressure reducing valve 3, and a pipe 4 for removing impurities such as water molecules (Japan A ⁇ I, GT 100).
- the bypass line 5 and the PET bottle (PET bottle) line 8 which are provided in parallel at the downstream side of the gate, and the bypass line 5 and the PET bottle line 8 merge again, then purify again Impurities are removed by passing through an analyzer (MS-10J, manufactured by Japan API Co., Ltd.) 14, and the gas to be measured is detected by APIMS 15 (UG-240PN, manufactured by Hitachi Tokyo Electronics Co., Ltd.). Configuration.
- the bypass line 5 is connected to the mass flow controller 6 and the purifier 7 in this order by piping, and the outlet pot line 8 is connected to the mass flow controller. It is connected by pipes in the order of the mouth 9, the purifier 10, the internal space of the pet bottle 11, the valve B12, and the valve A13.
- a gas supply pipe 16 and a gas discharge pipe 17 are inserted into the mouth of the PET bottle 11 so that gas is introduced from the mouth and the gas is discharged again from the mouth.
- a standard gas cylinder 21 for example, Ar (99) 1 H 2
- pressure-reducing valve 22 (1%)
- masph mouth-controller 23 water-filling means 24 such as polypropylene bag, etc. I do.
- the means for heating the plastic molded body in the heating and drying process is a device (not shown) that blows the molded body into a heating chamber and blows hot air, a heater is wound around the plastic molded body, and the molded body is wrapped with a heat conductor such as aluminum foil.
- a device (not shown) for heating the whole can be exemplified. Any device can be used as long as it can entirely heat the plastic molded body without causing thermal deterioration and deformation.
- bake pet bottle 11 For example, the entire container is heated by wrapping it in a heat conductor such as aluminum foil. Argon gas is flowed at 1 liter / min through the pot pot 11 at the mass flow controller 9 and in the case of a heat-resistant PET bottle, baking is performed at 80 ° C for 30 minutes. At this time, open the pulp B12 and exhaust the gas. In addition, when flowing gas to the pet pot 11, be sure to open either the valve A 13 or the valve B 12. In addition, as described in the description of the action section, the heating and drying is performed at a temperature that does not cause deterioration of the thin film such as shape deterioration, peeling of the gas barrier thin film, and cracks. It is preferable to dry while spraying the container.
- Example 1 In the example, a heat-resistant round PET bottle with a height of 157 mm, a body diameter of 68 mm, a bore diameter of 28 mm, a wall thickness of 0.35 mm, a capacity of 350 ml, and a surface area of 320 cm 2 was measured.
- Container As a measurement device, we made our own equipment with the gas system shown in Fig. 3. APIMS (UG-240PN, manufactured by Hitachi Tokyo Electronics) was used as a detector for the gas to be measured. The measurement was performed according to the operation procedures (1), (2), and (3) of the gas barrier property measurement method according to the present embodiment. Example 1 was performed when the atmosphere outside the container was set to the indoor atmosphere (atmospheric atmosphere).
- Example 2 Performs operation procedure Gasubaria measuring method according to the subsequently present embodiment in Example 1 (4), standard containers outside atmosphere gas: A r (9 9%) - a when the H 2 (1%) atmosphere Example 2 was set.
- FIG. 4 shows changes in the oxygen concentration and the hydrogen concentration according to the elapsed measurement time in Examples 1 and 2.
- Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength during the background measurement in the operation procedure (1) of the gas barrier property measurement method.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the oxygen concentration in Example 1.
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the hydrogen concentration in Example 2.
- Example 3 The same heat-resistant round PET bottle as in Example 1 was coated with a 9-nm-thick DLC film uniformly on the inner surface (deposition time: 0.9 seconds), which was used as the measurement target container. At this time, the output of the high-frequency power supplied to the film formation in the high-frequency plasma CVD apparatus similar to that of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-531116 was set to 500 W. The measurement was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2. The case where the atmosphere outside the container was set to the indoor atmosphere (atmospheric atmosphere) was referred to as Example 3, and the atmosphere outside the container was a standard gas: Ar (99%). Example 4 was performed under an atmosphere of H 2 (1%).
- FIG. 8 shows the changes in the oxygen concentration and the hydrogen concentration with respect to the elapsed measurement time in Examples 3 and 4. Also, the operation procedure of the gas barrier property measurement method o
- Figure 1 shows the relationship between mass number and ionic strength during background measurement in (l).
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the mass number and the ionic strength when measuring the oxygen concentration in Example 3.
- FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the mass number and the ion intensity when measuring the hydrogen concentration in Example 4.
- a DLC film having a thickness of 14 nm was uniformly formed on the inner surface of the same heat-resistant round PET bottle as in Example 1 (deposition time: 1.4 seconds), which was used as a container to be measured.
- the film forming conditions were the same as in Examples 3 and 4.
- the measurement was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2.
- the atmosphere outside the container was set to the indoor atmosphere (atmospheric atmosphere) as Example 5.
- the atmosphere outside the container was standard gas: Ar (99%) — H
- Example 6 was performed under a 2 (1%) atmosphere.
- a DLC film having a thickness of 19 nm was uniformly formed on the inner surface of the same heat-resistant round PET bottle as in Example 1 (deposition time: 1.9 seconds), and was used as a container to be measured.
- the film forming conditions were the same as in Examples 3 and 4.
- the measurement was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2.
- the atmosphere outside the container was set to the indoor atmosphere (atmospheric atmosphere) as Example 7.
- the atmosphere outside the container was a standard gas: Ar (99%) — H
- Example 8 was performed under a 2 (1%) atmosphere.
- a DLC film having a thickness of 24 nm was uniformly formed on the inner surface of the heat-resistant round PET bottle in Example 1 (deposition time: 2.4 seconds), which was used as a container to be measured.
- the film forming conditions were the same as in Examples 3 and 4.
- the measurement was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2.
- Example 10 was performed when the atmosphere was H 2 (1%).
- Table 3 shows the results of measuring the permeation amounts of oxygen and hydrogen for Examples 1 to 10.
- FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the thickness of the DLC film and the oxygen permeation amount
- FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the thickness of the DLC film and the hydrogen permeation amount. Note that pkg is an abbreviation for Package.
- Figs. 12 and 13 the relationship that the gas permeation amount decreases as the film thickness increases becomes apparent, and it is possible to evaluate the oxygen barrier property and the hydrogen barrier property. did it.
- Fig. 4 it takes about 1.5 hours from the heating and drying process to the end of the oxygen barrier property measurement, and the total measurement time is 2.5 hours until the hydrogen barrier property measurement is completed. Measurement was possible in a very short time.
- the oxygen gas permeation amount or the hydrogen gas permeation amount can be measured in about 1.5 hours, as apparent from, for example, FIG. 4 or FIG.
- the heating and drying step can be omitted once, so evaluation can be performed in 2.5 hours.
- Example 1 the method of measuring oxygen gas and hydrogen gas was shown. However, by adjusting the atmosphere outside the container using the standard gas shown in Table 1, carbon dioxide gas and oxygen gas (mass 18 The gas permeation amount can be measured in a short time as in the example.
- PET containers are highly hygroscopic containers.
- the evaluation was performed using the same container as in Example 1.
- Example 11 was a case where the plastic container was heated and dried for 55 3 hours, and Comparative Example 1 was a case where the plastic container was not heated and dried.
- Example 11 argon gas was flowed into the container at a flow rate of 100 ml during heating and drying. The outside of the container was in the atmosphere.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the change in the oxygen concentration in the carrier gas flowing through the PET container. The case with and without the heating and drying treatment is shown.
- Example 11 the oxygen concentration was constant at approximately 40 ppb from the start of the measurement (when the elapsed time in the figure was 4 hours), and the heating and drying process was performed. After that, the oxygen permeability can be evaluated immediately.
- Comparative Example 1 the oxygen concentration gradually decreases with time, and when the elapsed time in the figure reaches 38 hours, the oxygen concentration becomes almost 40 ppb. Therefore, the time required to start the measurement is clearly shorter in Example 11 after the heating and drying process. Therefore, the effect of having the heating and drying step became clear.
- Example 12 The time required for the oxygen concentration to stabilize is examined by examining the change in the oxygen concentration in the carrier gas flowing through the polyethylene container when heat drying and drying are not performed.
- Polyethylene containers are containers with low hygroscopicity. The evaluation was performed using the same size container as in Example 1. The case in which the plastic container was heated and dried at 70 ° C. for 20 minutes was defined as Example 12, and the case in which the plastic container was not heated and dried was defined as Comparative Example 2. In Example 12, argon gas was flowed into the container at a flow rate of 100 ml / min during heating and drying. The outside of the container was in the atmosphere. The results are shown in FIG.
- Figure 16 is a graph showing the change in oxygen concentration in the carrier gas flowing through the polyethylene container, with and without heat drying treatment
- Example 12 the oxygen concentration gradually decreases over time from the start of measurement (when the elapsed time in the figure is 26 minutes).
- Comparative Example 2 the oxygen concentration gradually decreases with the passage of time from the start of the measurement (when the elapsed time in the figure is 6 minutes).
- Example 12 has a lower oxygen concentration than Comparative Example 10, and the oxygen permeability is stabilized earlier. Therefore, even in the case of a polyethylene container having a low hygroscopicity, the time required for starting the measurement can be reduced by providing the heating and drying step. Therefore, the effect of having the heating and drying step became clear.
- Example 3 The same heat-resistant round PET bottle (without a coating pot) as in Example 1 was used as the measurement container. Operation of Gas Barrier Measuring Method According to the Present Embodiment Instead of performing the heating and drying step in step (2), flowing argon for 1 hour at a flow rate of 1 liter Z without heating, and then measuring the oxygen concentration This was designated as Comparative Example 3.
- Comparative Example 3 the value was stabilized only after flowing argon at 100 cc / min for 10 hours. Compared to Example 1, the time required for drying to remove water molecules was longer and quick measurement was not possible.
- the inside of the container is 23 to 55% RH
- the outside of the container is 23 ° C-100% RH
- the partial pressure of oxygen is 21%
- the oxygen permeation (cc / day / pkg) was measured.
- Comparative Example 4 As shown in Table 4, these were designated as Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 7, and Comparative Example 8 in that order.
- the measurement time is One day, two days, three days, four days, five days, and six days were measured. Table 5 shows the results.
- Comparative Example 48 a heating and drying step was not provided, and a large amount of argon gas as a carrier gas could not be flowed. At this time, it takes a long time for the measured data to stabilize. It is presumed that water molecules are removed and gas inside the container is replaced during this long time. Referring to Fig. 14, it is clear that it takes about 56 days for the oxygen permeation rate to stabilize.Compared to the case where the measurement of oxygen permeation was completed 1.5 hours after the start of measurement in Examples 13 5 7 and 9 It takes a very long time to evaluate.
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US10/546,982 US20060169026A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-25 | Method of measuring gas barrier property of plastic molding |
EP04714465A EP1602912A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-25 | Method of measuring gas barrier property of plastic molding |
JP2005502909A JP3699474B2 (ja) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-25 | プラスチック成形体のガスバリア性測定方法 |
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US (1) | US20060169026A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1602912A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3699474B2 (ja) |
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JP2008541079A (ja) * | 2005-05-10 | 2008-11-20 | シデル パルティシパション | 高速の状態調整による気体の透過性を測定する方法、および該方法の実施用装置 |
WO2009057636A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-07 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | 合成樹脂製ボトルのピンホール検査方法及びピンホール検査機 |
JP2009137188A (ja) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-25 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | ピンホール検査機能付きブロー成形機 |
JP2013175321A (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-05 | Nippon Api Corp | 質量分析装置及びその使用方法、並びにガス透過特性測定方法 |
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US9764093B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2017-09-19 | Sio2 Medical Products, Inc. | Controlling the uniformity of PECVD deposition |
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FR3028950B1 (fr) * | 2014-11-24 | 2018-03-23 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede et dispositif de mesure de permeation par spectrometrie de masse |
JP6008006B2 (ja) | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-19 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 気相式水素透過試験装置および気相式水素透過試験装置の保護方法 |
KR20180048694A (ko) | 2015-08-18 | 2018-05-10 | 에스아이오2 메디컬 프로덕츠, 인크. | 산소 전달률이 낮은, 의약품 및 다른 제품의 포장용기 |
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- 2004-02-25 EP EP04714465A patent/EP1602912A1/en active Pending
- 2004-02-25 WO PCT/JP2004/002223 patent/WO2004077006A1/ja active Application Filing
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7448258B2 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2008-11-11 | Avery Dennison Corporation | High throughput screening for moisture barrier characteristics of materials |
JP2008541079A (ja) * | 2005-05-10 | 2008-11-20 | シデル パルティシパション | 高速の状態調整による気体の透過性を測定する方法、および該方法の実施用装置 |
EP1954851B1 (fr) | 2005-12-01 | 2017-02-22 | Sidel Participations | Installation d'alimentation en gaz pour machines de depot d'une couche barriere sur recipients |
WO2009057636A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-07 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | 合成樹脂製ボトルのピンホール検査方法及びピンホール検査機 |
US8713993B2 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2014-05-06 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for inspecting pinhole in synthetic resin bottle |
JP2009137188A (ja) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-25 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | ピンホール検査機能付きブロー成形機 |
JP2013175321A (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-05 | Nippon Api Corp | 質量分析装置及びその使用方法、並びにガス透過特性測定方法 |
JP2014002119A (ja) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-09 | Nippon Api Corp | 検量線の作成方法及び破壊試験装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1602912A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
US20060169026A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
JPWO2004077006A1 (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
JP3699474B2 (ja) | 2005-09-28 |
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