WO2004058706A1 - Derives c5-hydroxyle de clausenamide et derives n-substitues, procedes de preparation de ces derives, composition et utilisation associees - Google Patents

Derives c5-hydroxyle de clausenamide et derives n-substitues, procedes de preparation de ces derives, composition et utilisation associees Download PDF

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WO2004058706A1
WO2004058706A1 PCT/CN2003/001150 CN0301150W WO2004058706A1 WO 2004058706 A1 WO2004058706 A1 WO 2004058706A1 CN 0301150 W CN0301150 W CN 0301150W WO 2004058706 A1 WO2004058706 A1 WO 2004058706A1
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acetyl
configuration
racemic
preparation
substituted
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PCT/CN2003/001150
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Liang Huang
Juntian Zhang
Kemei Wu
Shiming Chen
Xingzhou Li
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Institute Of Materia Medica Chinese Academy Of Medical Sciences
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Application filed by Institute Of Materia Medica Chinese Academy Of Medical Sciences filed Critical Institute Of Materia Medica Chinese Academy Of Medical Sciences
Priority to CA002512205A priority Critical patent/CA2512205A1/en
Priority to AU2003296230A priority patent/AU2003296230A1/en
Priority to BR0317216-3A priority patent/BR0317216A/pt
Priority to EP03788755A priority patent/EP1589002A1/en
Priority to US10/541,128 priority patent/US20060167276A1/en
Priority to JP2004562474A priority patent/JP2006516248A/ja
Publication of WO2004058706A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004058706A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/262-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/2732-Pyrrolidones with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to C 5 hydroxyl substituted stereoisomers of xanthoamidamide, N substituted derivatives and their preparation methods, pharmaceutical compositions using them as active substances, and their use in the preparation of nootropic and anti-aging drugs. . Background technique
  • Cerebral vasodilators help to provide energy and improve intelligence by improving cerebral blood flow, but truly valuable cerebral vasodilators must be highly selective, do not affect brain metabolism, have no "blood stealing" phenomenon, and have antiplatelet aggregation And antithrombotic effect.
  • the calcium antagonist nimodipine meets some of the above conditions, it It only affects L-channels in voltage-dependent calcium channels, and has no effect on N-type and T-type calcium channels.
  • the precursors of Ach have only a weak therapeutic effect.
  • Ach receptor agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors have some effects, their effects are relatively short-term and their toxic and side effects are large.
  • a variety of neuropeptides and nerve growth factors have been considered to have promise for treating dementia, but the clinical effect is not good. It may be mainly due to the difficulty of such substances to enter the brain through the blood-brain barrier.
  • 2-Pyrrolidone acetamide ( ⁇ race (produced in the country, trade name: Brain Rehabilitation), after the advent of the invention, in the early literature, it is a new class of nootropic drugs Nootropil, which is derived from the Greek words O (brain) and iro e ⁇ ( ⁇ ) ), In recent years, it has been reported at home and abroad that the drug has mild or inconclusive effects on various types of memory disorders and dementia. One of the main reasons is that the drug is a water-soluble compound that has a low blood-brain barrier rate and is not easy to focus on targets Play a role.
  • the present inventor isolated the compound containing the Y-lactam skeleton of brain rehabilitation medicine from Clausena Lansium (lour.) Skdls ⁇ , which is called the Clausenamide. It is a Y-lactam with four chiral centers. The natural product is a racemate.
  • the synthesis method of racemic husperamide has been applied for a European patent. Its application numbers are EP0414020, Chinese patent applications are 86107090, 90107145.5, and 90107144.7. L-xanthobamide has a better nootropic effect.
  • Racemic neoxanthosperamide (1 2 ) and racemic epinexanthosperamide (1 4 ) are well known, but light-active neoxanthosperamide (1 2 ) and epinexanthosperamide (1 4 ) and Its preparation method has not been reported in the literature.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of quercetin C 5 hydroxyl derivative and N-substituted derivative in the preparation of drugs with nootropic and anti-aging effects.
  • it relates to a derivative of light-living quercetin C 5 hydroxyl group as shown by the general formula (II)
  • racemic 3 ⁇ 4 configuration is (3S *, 4S *, 5S *, 6R *;>,
  • the racemic 3 ⁇ 4 configuration is (3S *, 4S *, 5R *, 6S *),
  • the racemic 3 ⁇ 4 configuration is (3S *, 4S *, 5S *, 6S *).
  • the configuration of light active 3 ⁇ 4 is: (3S, 4S, 5S, 6R) (+) ⁇ or (3R, 4R, 5R, 6S) (-) Hi; the configuration of light active 3 ⁇ 4 is: (3S, 4S, 5R, 6S ) (+) II 2 or (3R, 4R, 5S, 6R) (-) ⁇ 2 ;
  • the configuration of the light active ⁇ 3 is: (3R, 4R, 5R, 6R) (+) 3 ⁇ 4 or (3S, 4S, 5S, 6S) (-) 3 ⁇ 4.
  • a method for preparing a derivative of the photo-living dermatamide C 5 hydroxyl group represented by the general formula (II) is also shown in FIG. 1.
  • the dehydrating agent can be POCl 3 / Py, or the mesylate of xanthoamidine can be prepared first, and then the methanesulfonic acid can be removed by DBU. .
  • POCl 3 / Py is preferred.
  • racemic ⁇ 5 ' 6 -xanthanamide (3) and its photoliving organism can be Os0 4 / NMO, KHSO5 / CH3COCF3, W0 3 / H 2 0 2, etc., among which Os0 4 / NMO is preferred.
  • the substituent R is selected from: CH ⁇ COR ⁇ CH 2 OCOR 2 , CH ;
  • R 1 is selected from OH, NH 2 ,
  • R 2 is selected from d- 8 alkoxy
  • R 3 is selected from
  • 3,6-di-0-tetrahydropyrannorcanthamide (2) was prepared from norflavinamide (1) and dihydropyran under the catalysis of pyridine p-toluenesulfonate. Dissolve 3,6-di-0-tetrahydropyrannorcanthamide (2) in anhydrous benzene, add sodium hydrogen, heat in an oil bath for half an hour, stir at room temperature for 10 minutes, add bromoacetic acid The anhydrous benzene solution of the ester was reacted in an oil bath at 60 ° C for 20 minutes.
  • N- (ethoxycarbonylmethylene) norcanthamide 60 mg was treated with a large excess of H 3 / CH 3 OH solution and left overnight. After purification by column chromatography, N- (aminocarbonyl (Methyl) norcanthamide (IIIO.
  • Dissolve nortripexamide (1) in acetone add a certain amount of water dropwise, then add paraformaldehyde and potassium carbonate, increase the external temperature to 60 ° C, and stop heating after 25 minutes, and use the reaction mixture with ice water Cool quickly and evaporate the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a viscous liquid.
  • Column chromatography gave N-methylol norcanthamide (3).
  • Dissolve N-methylol norcanthamide (3) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, ice salt bath Stir for 20 minutes, add the corresponding anhydride and pyridine anhydrous THF solution dropwise, stir at this temperature for 3 hours, add a small amount of water, dichloromethane to dilute, separate the organic layer, wash the paint, and evaporate the solvent.
  • Analytical separation gave the corresponding N- (acyloxymethylene) -norcanthamide (III 3 ).
  • the present invention therefore also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention as active ingredients and conventional pharmaceutical excipients or adjuvants.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains 0.1 to 95% by weight of the compound of the present invention.
  • compositions of the compounds of the invention can be prepared according to methods well known in the art.
  • the compound of the present invention may be combined with one or more solid or liquid pharmaceutical excipients and / or adjuvants, if necessary, to prepare a suitable application form or dosage for use as human or veterinary medicine. form.
  • the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutical composition containing the same can be administered in unit dosage form, and the administration route can be intestinal or parenteral, such as oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous, nasal cavity, oral mucosa, skin, peritoneum or rectum, etc., preferably oral .
  • the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutical composition containing the same can be administered by injection.
  • Injections include intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and intradermal injections.
  • the dosage form may be a liquid dosage form or a solid dosage form.
  • the liquid dosage form can be a true solution type, a colloid type, a particulate dosage form, an emulsion dosage form, or a suspension dosage form.
  • Other dosage forms include tablets, capsules, dripping pills, aerosols, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, suppositories, lyophilized powder injections and the like.
  • the compound of the present invention can be made into ordinary preparations, slow-release preparations, controlled-release preparations, targeted preparations and various microparticle delivery systems.
  • diluents and absorbents such as starch, dextrin, calcium sulfate, lactose, mannitol, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, calcium carbonate, white clay, microcrystalline cellulose, silicic acid Aluminum, etc .
  • humectants and binders such as water, glycerin, polyethylene glycol, ethanol, propanol, starch syrup, dextrin, syrup, honey, glucose solution, gum arabic, gelatin syrup, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose , Shellac, methyl cellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc .
  • disintegrants such as dry starch, alginate, agar powder, alginate, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, calcium carbonate, polyoxygen Ethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, sodium dode
  • carriers for example, diluents and absorbents, such as glucose, lactose, starch, cacao butter, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyvinylpyrrolidone embankment ketone, Gel UC i: r e, kaolin, talc and the like; binders such as Gum acacia, tragacanth, gelatin, ethanol, honey, liquid sugar, rice cereal or batter, etc .; disintegrants, such as agar powder, dried starch, alginate, sodium dodecylsulfonate, methyl cellulose, Ethyl cellulose and the like.
  • diluents and absorbents such as glucose, lactose, starch, cacao butter, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyvinylpyrrolidone embankment ketone, Gel UC i: r e, kaolin, talc and the like
  • binders such as Gum acacia, tragacanth, gelatin, ethanol, honey,
  • the various carriers are mixed, and the resulting mixture is placed in hard gelatin capsules or soft capsules.
  • the active ingredient of the compound of the present invention can also be made into microcapsules, suspended in an aqueous medium to form a suspension, and can also be filled into hard capsules or used as injections.
  • the compound of the present invention is prepared as an injection preparation, such as a solution, a suspension solution, an emulsion, a lyophilized powder injection, and the preparation may be aqueous or non-aqueous, and may contain one and / or multiple drugs Effectively acceptable carrier, diluent, binder, lubricant, preservative, surfactant or dispersant.
  • the diluent may be selected from water, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxidized isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, and the like.
  • an appropriate amount of sodium chloride, glucose, or glycerol may be added to the preparation for injection, and conventional co-solvents, buffers, pH adjusters, and the like may be added. These excipients are commonly used in the art
  • a colorant if necessary, a preservative, a flavor, a flavoring agent, a sweetener, or other materials may be added to the pharmaceutical preparation. ⁇
  • the medicine or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered by any known administration method.
  • the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition of the compound of the present invention depends on many factors, such as the nature and severity of the disease to be prevented or treated, the sex, age, weight, personality and individual response of the patient or animal, the route of administration, the number of administrations, For therapeutic purposes, the therapeutic dose of the invention can therefore vary widely.
  • the dosage of the pharmaceutical ingredients in the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • appropriate adjustments can be made to meet the requirements of its therapeutically effective amount, and the prevention or treatment purpose of the present invention can be accomplished.
  • a suitable amount of the compound daily dosage range of the compounds of the present invention, the present invention is 0. 001- 150mg / Kg body weight, preferably 0.
  • 01- 100m g / K g body weight more preferably 0. 01- 60mg / Kg body weight, 1-10 mg / Kg body weight is most preferred.
  • the above doses can be in the form of a single dose or divided into several, such as two, Administration in three or four dosage forms is limited by the clinical experience of the administering physician and dosing regimens including the use of other treatments.
  • the total dose required for each treatment can be divided into multiple or single doses.
  • the compound or composition of the present invention may be taken alone, or used in combination with other therapeutic or symptomatic drugs and adjusted in dosage.
  • the compound of the present invention has a significant effect on promoting the formation of human embryonic neural stem cell clones in the test of the human embryonic brain neural stem cell clone formation rate, indicating that the compound of the present invention has the effect of treating senile neurodegenerative diseases such as senile dementia.
  • the compound of the present invention has a significant enhancement effect on rat hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in a test on rat hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP).
  • the compound of the present invention has an enhancing effect on the basic synaptic transmission of nerve cells, indicating that the compound of the present invention has a nootropic effect.
  • Example 1 Preparation of racemic (3S *, 4S *, 5R *, 6S *)-5-hydroxyxanthobamide ( ⁇ 2 ) (Scheme 1).
  • (+)-(3S, 4R, 5S) -nephantrone ketone 0.35g Obtained (-)-3,6-di-O-tetrahydropyranylneotethramidone 416mg with reference to the above method, yield 91.4 %, mpl 94-200 ° C, [a] D15 -11.9 (c, 0.24, CHC1 3 ).
  • Mouse C17-2 brain neural stem cells were continuously cultured in 1640 medium, 10% horse serum, 10% fetal bovine serum, 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C incubator. Digest mouse neural stem cells into a single cell suspension with a 0.1% trypsin solution, centrifuge at 1000 rpm for 5 min, and then rinse with culture medium. The cells were seeded in a 96-well culture plate. The neural stem cells were 1 X 10 3 cells. / Well, 3 wells per group, continuous culture.
  • C 5 hydroxy-substituted xanthosperamide stereoisomers and N-substituted xanthosperamide derivatives were administered at a dose of 0.1 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, and 10 ⁇ M. Observe the growth status of the cells under the microscope once a day, aspirate the culture solution on the fourth day, add phosphate buffer containing MTT, and incubate for another 4 hours. Aspirate the liquid, add DMS0 solution, and incubate at 37 degrees for 10 minutes. The OD value of each well was measured at 490 nm in the multifunction workstation. The cell growth rate in the control group was set at 100%. Each dose group was compared with the control group. And t test was used for statistical processing.
  • the stereoisomers of C 5 hydroxy substituted husperamide and N-substituted husperamide in the present invention have a certain effect on promoting the proliferation of mouse neural stem cells.
  • Experimental example of colonization 2 The effect of stereoisomers of C 5 hydroxy-substituted xanthosperamide and N-substituted xanthosperamide derivatives on rat hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP)
  • Xanthosperamide exhibits obvious nootropic effects in a variety of behavioral experiments, but its effect on synaptic transmission activities is currently unclear, and synapses are the basic link of information transmission and processing between cells in the nervous system. Functional activity and morphological changes are the neurobiological basis of learning and memory activities. Therefore, this experiment uses electrophysiological techniques to study the nootropic effects of luteinamide from synaptic levels.
  • Stimulation electrodes two stainless steel needles with a distance of 0.5mm, covered with Teflon insulation, exposed at the tip of 0.2mm, and a diameter of 0.15mm
  • the electronic stimulator After the electronic stimulator generates a continuous current stimulus, the stimulus isolator and the stimulating electrode are output to PP. Adjust the position of the stimulation electrode until a typical excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP) is observed.
  • ESP excitatory post-synaptic potential
  • the current is amplified by the amplifier, it is processed by the computer's DataWave software.
  • the stimulus intensity is 1/2 of the stimulus intensity required to cause the maximum population spike (PS).
  • PSA population spike amplitude
  • the relative PSA percentage was calculated according to the formula (PSA / basic amplitude value).

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Description

黄皮酰胺 C5羟基衍生物及 N取代衍生物、
其制法和其药物组合物与用途
技术领域 本发明涉及黄皮酰胺 C5羟基取代的立体异构体, N取代衍生物及 它们的制备方法, 以它们作为活性物质的药物组合物, 和它们在制备 促智, 抗衰老药物的应用。 背景技术
目前我国人口的平均寿命已超过 70岁, 比解放时的人均寿命增加 了一倍。 国外一项科学研究预测: 到 2025年时, 15岁以下儿童的比 例将占总人口的 18.6%, 而 65岁及 65岁以上的老年人将超过童数, 达到 18.8%, 这个数字表明, 再过 20余年, 每 5个人中就有 1个老年 人。 早老性痴呆症 (Alzheimer's Disease) 多发生在 50余岁。 因脑血 管病变引发的多发性栓塞性痴呆或老年性痴呆多发生在 60岁以后。可 见, 由于人口的老龄化, 早老性痴呆症和老年性痴呆症的发病率也必 将增加。 老年人及其特有的神经退化性疾病——各种痴呆症要经历两 种死亡, 首先是精神上的死亡, 后是肉体上的死亡, 苦不堪言, 更给 社会和家庭带来沉重负担。 人口老龄化被认为是仅次于战争, 瘟疫, 饥荒, 资源能源短缺而影响社会发展和安定的不利因素。
防治衰老和治疗老年痴呆的药物种类繁多。脑血管扩张药,通过改 善脑血流量有助于提供能量和改善智能, 但真正有价值的脑血管扩张 药必须具有高度选择性, 不影响脑代谢, 无 "窃血"现象, 有抗血小 板聚集和抗血栓作用。 钙拮抗剂尼莫地平虽符合上述某些条件, 但它 仅作用于电压依赖性钙通道中的 L-通道,对 N型和 T型钙通道无影响。 增强胆碱系统功能的药物中, Ach前体仅有微弱的治疗作用, Ach受 体激动剂和胆碱脂酶抑制剂虽有一定效果, 但作用较短暂, 毒副作用 较大。 多种神经肽和神经生长因子曾被认为有治疗痴呆症的希望, 但 临床效果不佳, 可能主要归因于这类物质难以通过血脑屏障进入脑内 发挥作用, 2-吡咯烷酮乙酰胺(^race 国内已生产,商品名脑复康) 问世后, 在早期文献中属没有争论的一类新型促智药 Nootropil, 该词 是从希腊词 O (脑) 和 iro e^ (向)衍化而来), 近几年来国内外报 道, 该药对各类型的记忆障碍和老年痴呆作用轻微或尚无定论, 一个 主要原因是该药为水溶性化合物, 通过血脑屏障率低, 不易集中到靶 点发挥作用。
本发明人从芸香科植物黄皮 Clausena Lansium (lour.) Skdls~ 中第 一次分离出含有脑复康药的 Y -内酰胺骨架的化合物,称之为黄皮酰胺 ( Clausenamide) . 黄皮酰胺是具有四个手性中心的 Y -内酰胺, 天然 品为消旋体, 消旋黄皮酰胺的合成方法曾申请欧洲专利, 其申请号为 EP0414020, 中国专利申请为 86107090, 90107145.5和 90107144.7。 左旋黄皮酰胺具有较好的促智作用, 该化合物的纯物质、 制备方法及 其潜在的医药应用本发明人已申请专利, CN00124630.5。
黄皮酰胺分子中有 4个手性中心, 应有 16个光活的立体异构体, 组成互为非对映关系的 8对对映异构体 (其构型与命名如表 1 )
Figure imgf000003_0001
8对光活立体异构体
Figure imgf000004_0001
其中黄皮酰胺的一对对映体 (10本发明人已申请专利 (专利申请号:
CN00124630.5 )。 消旋的新黄皮酰胺 (12)和消旋的表新黄皮酰胺 (14)是公 知的,但光活新黄皮酰胺 (12)和表新黄皮酰胺 (14)及其制备方法未见文献 报道。 (-)和 (+)黄皮酰胺 (10的体内、 外代谢的研究结果表明: 两者的代 谢物的种类基本相同, 而 (-)黄皮酰胺的代谢物中 (-) N-羟甲基去甲黄皮 酰胺 [(-)-CM^n(-)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 [(-)-CM2]的含量明显高于 (+)黄皮酰 胺的代谢产物中相应的 [(+)-0^¾和[(+)-0:\42]的含量。其母体(-)黄皮酰 胺的药理试验表明, 具有明显的促智作用, 而 (+)黄皮酰胺无此作用, 并有拮抗作用,据此合成了代谢物 CMi和 CM2的一对对映体及其衍生 物, 其中 CMh的制备本发明人已发表,。
现有技术不能直接用于制备本发明所述的具有光学活性黄皮酰胺及 其衍生物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一类新的黄皮酰胺 C5羟基衍生物及 N取代衍生 物 本发明的另一目的在于提供制备黄皮酰胺 C5羟基衍生物及 N取代衍 生物的方法;
本发明的另一目的在于提供黄皮酰胺 C5羟基衍生物及 N取代衍生物 在制备促智, 抗衰老作用药物的应用。 根据本发明,涉及如通式 (II)所示的光活黄皮酰胺 C5羟基的衍生物
Figure imgf000005_0001
(II)
结构特征在于: 消旋 ¾构型为 (3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*;>,
消旋 ¾构型为 (3S*,4S*,5R*,6S*),
消旋 ¾构型为 (3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*)。
光活 ¾构型为: (3S,4S,5S,6R) (+)ΙΙι 或 (3R,4R, 5R,6S)(-)Hi; 光活 ¾构型为: (3S,4S,5R,6S) (+) II2或 (3R,4R,5S,6R) (-) Π2;
光活 Π3构型为: (3R,4R,5R,6R) (+)¾或 (3S,4S,5S,6S) (-)¾。 根据本发明, 还涉及通式 (II)所示的光活黄皮酰胺 C5羟基的衍生物 的制备方法如线路图 1所示。
Figure imgf000006_0001
乙酰 II,
氧化 路线 3
Figure imgf000006_0002
路线图 1
( 1 ) 消旋 3-0-乙酰黄皮酰胺 (1)及其光活体的脱水, 脱水剂可用 POCl3/Py , 或先制备黄皮酰胺的甲磺酸酯再以 DBU脱除甲磺 酸。 其中优选 POCl3/Py。
(2) 消旋 3-0-乙酰 -Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺 (2)及其光活体的水解可选用常规 的酸或碱性条件。
(3 ) 消旋 Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺 (3)及其光活体的双羟基化可用 Os04/NMO、 KHSO5/CH3COCF3, W03/H202等, 其中优选 Os04/NMO。
(4) (3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 ¾)及 其光活体可用 KMn04/CuS04, Mn02, DMSO/C1COCOC1/TEA, DMSO/三氟乙酸酐(TFAA) /TEA等氧化剂。 其中优选 DMSO/ ClCOCOCl/TEA。
(5) (3S*,4S*,5S*)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺酮 酮)及其光活 体的还原可选用各种硼氢化试剂, 优选硼氢化钠、 三仲丁基硼 锂。
(6) (3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*)-3-乙酰氧基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 ( )及其光活体 的水解选用各种酸、碱或 Sm (钐 )/I2/CH3OH,优选 Sm/I2/C¾OIL 根据本发明, 还涉及如通式(ΠΙ)所示的黄皮酰胺的 N取代衍生
Figure imgf000007_0001
(III)
其特征在于相对构型为 (3S*,4R*,5R*,6S*),
取代基 R选自: CH^COR^ CH2OCOR2,CH ;
其中, R1选自 OH、 NH2
Figure imgf000007_0002
d— 8烷氧基、
R2选自 d - 8烷氧基
R3选自
Figure imgf000007_0003
通式(III)所示的黄皮酰胺的 N取代衍生物,当 R选自 Ci^COi^ CH2OCOR2时的制备方法如线路图 2所示
Figure imgf000008_0001
由去甲黄皮酰胺 (1)和二氢吡喃在吡啶对甲苯磺酸盐催化下制备 3,6-二 -0-四氢吡喃去甲黄皮酰胺 (2)。 将 3,6-二 -0-四氢吡喃去甲黄皮酰 胺 (2)溶于无水苯中, 加入氢钠, 油浴加热半小时, 再在室温下搅 10分 钟, 加入溴乙酸酯的无水苯溶液, 油浴 60°C下反应 20分钟后, 将反应 液温度降至室温, 加入水搅拌, 用二氯甲烷稀释, 盐酸调至中性, 分 出有机层, 洗涤干燥, 蒸发溶剂得到油状物。 将此油状物用乙醇溶解, 加入 10mg对甲苯磺酸, 油浴 60°C下反应脱四氢吡喃保护,反应完全后 直接柱层析纯化, 得到 N- (烷氧 (氮)羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺 (III4)。
将 N- (乙氧羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺 (ΠΙ4) 60mg, 以大大过量的 H3/CH3OH溶液处理, 放置过夜, 柱层析纯化后得到 N- (氨羰基亚甲 基)去甲黄皮酰胺 (ΠΙ Ο。
将去甲黄皮酰胺 (1)溶于丙酮中, 滴加一定量的水, 然后加入多聚甲 醛和碳酸钾, 外温升至 60 °C , 25分钟后停止加热, 将反应混合物用冰 水快速冷却, 减压蒸发溶剂得粘稠的液体。 柱层析得 N-羟甲基去甲黄 皮酰胺 (3)。将 N-羟甲基去甲黄皮酰胺 (3)溶于无水四氢呋喃中, 冰盐浴 下搅拌 20分钟,滴加相应的酸酐和吡啶的无水 THF溶液,在此温度下 搅拌 3小时, 加入少量水, 二氯甲垸稀释, 分出有机层, 洗漆, 蒸除溶 剂后柱层析分离得到相应的 N- (酰氧基亚甲基) -去甲黄皮酰胺 (III 3)。
通式(III)所示的黄皮酰胺的 N取代衍生物, 当 R选自 CH2R3时 的制备方法:利用 CMJ 中间体 N-苄基或对甲氧基苄基黄皮酰胺酮还 原制得, 如线路图 3所示
Figure imgf000009_0001
,OMe
R3 = /^ 时, 为 线路图 3
本发明因此还涉及含有作为活性成份的本发明化合物和常规药物 赋形剂或辅剂的药物组合物。通常本发明药物组合物含有 0. 1-95重量 %的本发明化合物。
本发明化合物的药物组合物可根据本领域公知的方法制备。 用于 此目的时, 如果需要, 可将本发明化合物与一种或多种固体或液体药 物赋形剂和 /或辅剂结合, 制成可作为人药或兽药使用的适当的施用形 式或剂量形式。
本发明化合物或含有它的药物组合物可以单位剂量形式给药, 给 药途径可为肠道或非肠道, 如口服、 肌肉、 皮下、 鼻腔、 口腔粘膜、 皮肤、 腹膜或直肠等, 优选口服。
本发明化合物或含有它的药物组合物的给药途径可为注射给药。 注射包括静脉注射、 肌肉注射、 皮下注射和皮内注射等。 给药剂型可以是液体剂型、 固体剂型。 如液体剂型可以是真溶液 类、 胶体类、 微粒剂型、 乳剂剂型、 混悬剂型。 其他剂型例如片剂、 胶囊、 滴丸、 气雾剂、 丸剂、 粉剂、 溶液剂、 混悬剂、 乳剂、 颗粒剂、 栓剂、 冻干粉针剂等。
本发明化合物可以制成普通制剂、 也可以是缓释制剂、 控释制剂、 靶向制剂及各种微粒给药系统。
为了将单位给药剂型制成片剂, 可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种 载体。 关于载体的例子是, 例如稀释剂与吸收剂, 如淀粉、 糊精、 硫 酸钙、 乳糖、 甘露醇、 蔗糖、 氯化钠、 葡萄糖、 尿素、 碳酸钙、 白陶 土、 微晶纤维素、 硅酸铝等; 湿润剂与粘合剂, 如水、 甘油、 聚乙二 醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 淀粉浆、 糊精、 糖浆、 蜂蜜、 葡萄糖溶液、 阿拉伯 胶浆、 明胶浆、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 紫胶、 甲基纤维素、 磷酸钾、 聚乙 烯吡咯垸酮等; 崩解剂, 例如干燥淀粉、 海藻酸盐、 琼脂粉、 褐藻淀 粉、 碳酸氢钠与枸橼酸、 碳酸钙、 聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、 十二 烷基磺酸钠、 甲基纤维素、 乙基纤维素等; 崩解抑制剂, 例如蔗糖、 三硬脂酸甘油酯、 可可脂、 氢化油等; 吸收促进剂, 例如季铵盐、 十 二垸基硫酸钠等; 润滑剂, 例如滑石粉、 二氧化硅、 玉米淀粉、 硬脂 酸盐、 硼酸、 液体石蜡、 聚乙二醇等。 还可以将片剂进一步制成 包衣 片, 例如糖包衣片、 薄膜包衣片、 肠溶包衣片, 或双层片和多层片。
例如为了将给药单元制成丸剂, 可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种 载体。 关于载体的例子是, 例如稀释剂与吸收剂, 如葡萄糖、 乳糖、 淀粉、 可可脂、 氢化植物油、 聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、 GelUCi:re、 高岭土、 滑石粉等; 粘合剂, 如阿拉伯胶、 黄蓍胶、 明胶、 乙醇、 蜂蜜、 液糖、 米糊或面糊等; 崩解剂, 如琼脂粉、 干燥淀粉、 海藻酸盐、 十二烷基 磺酸钠、 甲基纤维素、 乙基纤维素等。
例如为了将给药单元制成胶囊, 将有效成分本发明化合物与上述 的各种载体混合, 并将由此得到的混合物置于硬的明胶胶囊或软胶囊 中。 也可将有效成分本发明化合物制成微囊剂, 混悬于水性介质中形 成混悬剂, 亦可装入硬胶囊中或制成注射剂应用。
例如, 将本发明化合物制成注射用制剂, 如溶液剂、 混悬剂溶液 剂、 乳剂、 冻干粉针剂, 这种制剂可以是含水或非水的, 可含一种和 /或多种药效学上可接受的载体、 稀释剂、 粘合剂、 润滑剂、 防腐剂、 表面活性剂或分散剂。 如稀释剂可选自水、 乙醇、 聚乙二醇、 1, 3 -丙 二醇、 乙氧基化的异硬脂醇、 多氧化的异硬脂醇、 聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂 肪酸酯等。 另外, 为了制备等渗注射液, 可以向注射用制剂中添加适 量的氯化钠、 葡萄糖或甘油, 此外, 还可以添加常规的助溶剂、 缓冲 剂、 pH调节剂等。 这些辅料是本领域常用的
此外, 如需要, 也可以向药物制剂中添加着色剂、 防腐剂、 香料、 矫味剂、 甜味剂或其它材料。 ·
为达到用药目的, 增强治疗效果, 本发明的药物或药物组合物可 用任何公知的给药方法给药。
本发明化合物药物组合物的给药剂量取决于许多因素, 例如所要 预防或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度, 患者或动物的性别、 年龄、 体重、 性格及个体反应, 给药途径、 给药次数、 治疗目的, 因此本发明的治 疗剂量可以有大范围的变化。 一般来讲, 本发明中药学成分的使用剂 量是本领域技术人员公知的。 可以根据本发明化合物组合物中最后的 制剂中所含有的实际药物数量, 加以适当的调整, 以达到其治疗有效 量的要求, 完成本发明的预防或治疗目的。 本发明化合物的每天的合 适剂量范围本发明的化合物的用量为 0. 001— 150mg/Kg体重, 优选为 0. 01— 100mg/Kg体重, 更优选为 0. 01— 60mg/Kg体重, 最优选为 0. 1— 10mg/Kg体重。 上述剂量可以单一剂量形式或分成几个, 例如二、 三或四个剂量形式给药这受限于给药医生的临床经验以及包括运用其 它治疗手段的给药方案。
每一种治疗所需总剂量可分成多次或按一次剂量给药。本发明的化 合物或组合物可单独服用, 或与其他治疗药物或对症药物合并使用并 调整剂量。
在对人胚胎脑神经干细胞克隆形成率的试验中本发明的化合物具 有明显促进人胚胎脑神经干细胞克隆形成的作用, 说明本发明的化合 物具有治疗老年性神经退行性疾病如老年性痴呆的作用。
在对大鼠海马长时程增强 (LTP)的试验中本发明化合物对大鼠海马 长时程增强 (LTP) 具有明显的增强作用。 本发明化合物对神经细胞基 础突触传递有增强作用, 说明本发明的化合物有促智作用。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例用来进一步说明本发明, 但是这并不意味着对本发 明的任何限制。 实施例 1 制备消旋 (3S*,4S*,5R*,6S*)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (Π2) (路线 1)。
消旋 3-0-乙酰黄皮酰胺 (1) l.OOg在干燥条件下, 用 6mL无水吡啶 溶解, 冰水浴下搅拌 20分钟, 滴加 l.OmL重蒸的三氯氧磷的 4mL无 水吡啶溶液, 半小时滴完, 继续冰水浴下搅拌 24小时, 将反应液冲入 冰水中, 待固体全部析出后过滤, 滤饼用二氯甲烷重新溶解, 依次用 水和氯化钠水溶液洗, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 蒸除溶剂得固体, 柱层析分 离得到消旋 3-0-乙酰基 - Δ 56-黄皮酰胺 (2)746mg, , 白色固体, 收率 71 %, mp 148-150°C。 取消旋 3-0-乙酰- Δ 56-黄皮酰胺 (2) 400mg溶于 15mL二氯甲垸中, 加入 3mL 10%氢氧化钠乙醇溶液, 3分钟后用 2mol/L盐酸将反应液调 至中性, 力 B 20mL二氯甲烷稀释, lmol/L碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤, 氯化 钠水溶液洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥。 蒸发溶剂得到 Δ 56-黄皮酰胺 (3) 330mg, 白色固体, 收率 95%, mp l62-163°C。 取消旋 Δ 5'6-黄皮酰胺 (3)260mg溶于 lmL丙酮和 5mL四氢呋喃中, 加入氧化 N-氧 -N-甲基吗啉 545mg, 再用注射器加入 0.6mL 四氧化锇 的 4%水溶液, 室温下搅拌 24小时之后, 向反应液中加入 650mg无水 亚硫酸钠和 3mL水, 搅拌 1小时, 用二氯甲垸稀释反应液, 分出有机 相, 水层二氯甲垸提取, 合并有机相, 氯化钠水溶液洗涤, 无水硫酸 钠干燥 . 蒸发溶剂得油状物 280mg 。 柱层析得到 。 ( ± )-(3S*,4S*,5R*,6S*)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 ( ) 150mg , 白色固体, mp:134-136°C , 收率 50%。 同时得到副产物(士 )-(3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (II 70mg, 白色固体, mp:127-129°C, 收率 24%。
实施例 2 制备 (±)-(3S*,4S*, 5S*,6R*)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (Π (路线 2) 将上述所得的消旋 3-0-乙酰基 - Δ 56-黄皮酰胺 (2)240mg溶于 4mL 四氢呋喃 /丙酮(5/1 )中, 加入 N-氧 -N-甲基吗啉 581mg, 再加入 1.9mL 四氧化锇的 10mg/mL水溶液,室温下搅拌, 48小时之后向反应液中加 入 500mg无水亚硫酸钠和 10mL水, 搅拌 1小时, 转移至分液漏斗中, 用二氯甲垸洗涤, 有机相用氯化钠水溶液洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 蒸 发溶剂得油状物 300mg, 乙酸乙酯重结晶后制备薄层分离(乙酸乙酯) 分离,共得 (±)-(3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*)-3-0-乙酰 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰- II 217mg, 收率 82%, mp l63-165°C。
(±)-(3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰基 -II !)以 Sm/I2/C¾OH脱乙酰制备得到 (±)-(3S*,4S*, 5S*,6R*)-5-羟基黄皮 酰胺 (Π0, mp:127-129°C, 具体操作与实例 7最后水解一步相同。
光活 (38,48,51 ,68)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺(112) 、(3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-羟基黄 皮酰胺 (¾)和光活 (3S,4S, 5S,6R)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (Π , (3 ,4R, 5R,6S)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (II 0的制备
同 A中消旋体的制备方法, 不同在于以光活 3-0-乙酰基黄皮酰胺 (1)为原料, 所得的各步产率与消旋体相近, 各步化合物的熔点和旋光 值如下-
(-)-3-0-乙酰 -Δ56-黄皮酰胺, mp:119-120°C , [a] D 18= -330 (c, 0.870, CHC13)
(+)-3-0-乙酰 -Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺, mp:119-120°C, [a] D 18= +326 (c, 0.870,
(-)-Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺, mp:125-127°C , [a]D 18= -17.1 (c, 0.700, CHC13) (+)-Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺, mp:125-127°C, [a]D 18=+16.7 (c, 0.738, CHC13) (+)-(3S,4S,5S,6R)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺, 油状物, [a]D 25= +113 (c, 0.505,
Figure imgf000014_0001
(-)-(3R,4R,5R,6S)- 5-羟基黄皮酰胺, 油状物, [a]D 25= -117 (c, 0.200,
Figure imgf000014_0002
(+)-(3S,4S,5R,6S)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺, mp: 147-149 °C , [a]D 25= +202 (c,
Figure imgf000014_0003
(-)-(3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺, mp: 145-147Ό, [a] D 25= -208 (c,
Figure imgf000014_0004
(-)-(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 ), mp:125-128°C, [a]D 15= -323 (c, 0.870, CH3OH)
(+)-(3R,4R,5R,6S)- 3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 ), mp:125-127°C, [a]D 15= +327 (c, 0.470, CH3OH) 实施例 3
A: 消旋 (±)-(3S*,4S*, 5S*,6S*)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (II3)的制备 (路线 3)
向干燥三口瓶中加入 5mL干燥四氢呋喃, 冷却至 -50〜- 60°C, 在 N2保护下加入草酰氯 (重蒸 )453ul,搅拌 1分钟后,缓慢加入 DMSO (分 子筛干燥) 767ul, 保持温度在 -50〜- 60°C之间, 加完后搅拌 5分钟, 再缓慢加入 150mg (±)-(3S*,4S*, 5S*,6R*)-3-0-乙酰基 - 5-羟基黄皮酰 胺 (3-0-乙酰 -110的 10mL四氢呋喃溶液,加完后在上述温度下搅拌 2小 时, 之后滴加 lmL三乙胺,在此温度下保持半小时后缓慢的升至室温, 加入 10mL水,减压蒸去四氢呋喃,残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取至水层无产 物,有机层用 1 mol/L盐酸,碳酸氢钠水溶液,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤, 无水硫酸镁干燥。 蒸发溶剂得 250mg 油状物, 柱层析纯化得 (±)-(3S*,4S*, 5S*)-3-0-乙酰 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺酮 (3- 0-乙酰 酮), 95mg, 收率: 71%。
取 (±)- (3S*,4S*,5S*)-3-0-乙酰 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺酮 (3-0-乙酰 - 酮) 82mg用 3mL甲醇溶解,冰水浴下搅拌 20分钟后加入硼氢化钠 30mg, 继续在冰水浴下搅拌 10分钟,用 1 mol/L盐酸将反应液小心调至中性, 加入少量水后减压蒸去有机溶剂, 残余物用乙醚溶解, 分出醚层,水 层用乙醚洗,合并醚层用氯化钠水溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥, 蒸发 溶剂得油状物,柱层析分离得到 (3S*,4S*,5S*, 6S*)-3- 0-乙酰 -5-羟基黄 皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 -II3) 60mg, mp:144-147°C , 收率 73 %。
(3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 50mg溶于 5mL无 水甲醇中,加入单质碘 38mg和单质钐 23mg,在空气下反应 12小时, 用乙酸乙酯稀释反应液并转移至分液漏斗中,硫代硫酸钠水溶液 (25%) 洗涤,分出有机层后用氯化钠水溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸去 溶剂,柱层析纯化得 (±)-(3S*,4S*, 5S*,6S*)-5-羟基-黄皮酰胺 (II3) 25mg, 乙酸乙酯 /石油醚重结晶得到白色固体 mp:114-116°C, 收率 56°/o。
B: (3S,4S,5S,6S)- 5-羟基-黄皮酰胺 (¾)和 (3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-羟基-黄皮酰 胺 (¾)的制备。
同 A中消旋体的制备方法,以 (-)-(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄 皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 )或 (+)-(3R,4R,5R,6S)- 3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 110为原料,所得的各步产率与消旋体相同,各步化合物的熔 点和旋光值如下:
(-)-(3S,4S,5S)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺酮 (3-0-乙酰 ¾酮), mp:125-128°C , [ ] D 15= -310 (c, 0.360, CHC13)
(+)-(3R,4R,5R)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺酮 (3-0-乙酰 ¾酮), mp: 127-129 "C, [a]D 18= +312 (c, 0.442, CHC13)
(-)-(3S,4S,5S56S 3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 ¾), mp:153-157°C , [a]D 15= -31.9 (c, 0.455, CH3OH)
(+)-(3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 ¾), mp:152-156°C , [a]D 18= +31.7 (c, 0.480, CH3OH)
(-)-(3S,4S,5S,6S)-5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (¾), 油状物, [a]D 18= -53.6 (c, 0.470, CH3OH)
(+)-(3R,4R,5R,6R)— 5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (¾),油状物, [a] D 18= +54.1 (c,
Figure imgf000016_0001
Figure imgf000017_0001
lll2
线路图 3 实施例 4 N- (乙氧羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺 (ΠΙ4)的制备 (如线路图 3) ( 1 ) 光活 3,6-二 -0 -四氢吡喃基新黄皮酰胺酮的制备
(-)-(3R,4S,5R)-新黄皮酰胺酮 443mg(1.5mmol),280mg 3,4-二氢吡 喃 (4.5mmol)38mg吡啶对甲苯磺酸盐 (0.15mmol),搅拌过夜,反应完成后, 用 10ml 二氯甲烷稀释,用 NaCl 水溶液洗滌,无水硫酸鈉干燥,浓缩得 (+)-3,6-二 -0-四氢吡喃基新黄皮酰胺酮 0.51g, 收率 89.6%, m.p.181-7 °C,[ a ] D15 +13.46(c, 0.42, CHC13)。
(+)-(3S,4R,5S)-新黄皮酰胺酮 0.35g参照上法得 (-)-3,6-二 -O-四氢 吡喃基新黄皮酰胺酮 416mg, 收率 91.4%, m.p.l 94-200 °C, [ a ] D15 -11.9(c, 0.24, CHC13)。
将 3,6-二 -O-四氢吡喃去甲黄皮酰胺 (2)120mg溶于 5mL无水苯中, 加入氢钠 21mg, 油浴加热半小时, 再在室温下搅 10分钟, 加入 66mg 溴乙酸乙酯的 5mL无水苯溶液, 油浴 60°C下反应 20分钟后, 将反应 液温度降至室温, 加入 3mL水搅拌, 用二氯甲烷稀释, 2N盐酸调至 中性, 分出有机层, 用氯化钠水溶液洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 蒸发溶 剂得到油状物, 将此油状物用乙醇溶解, 加入 lOmg对甲苯磺酸, 油浴 60°C下反应脱四氢吡喃保护, 反应完全后直接柱层析纯化, 得到标题 化合物, 79 mg, 油状物, 收率 82%。 实施例 10 N- (氨羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺 (III 0的制备
将 N- (乙氧羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺 (ΠΙ4) 60mg, 以大大过量的 NH3/CH30H 溶液处理, 放置过夜, 柱层析纯化后得到标题化合物 40mg, 为白色固体, mp:146-148°C, 收率 72%。 实施例 5 N- (乙酰氧基亚甲基) -去甲黄皮酰胺 (III 3)的制备
将去甲黄皮酰胺 (l)200mg溶于 7.5mL丙酮中,滴加 3滴水,然后加 入 33mg的多聚甲醛和碳酸钾 9mg, 外温升至 60 °C, 25分钟后停止加 热, 将反应混合物用冰水快速冷却, 减压蒸发溶剂得 208mg粘液。 柱 层析得 162mg N-羟甲基去甲黄皮酰胺 (3)的白色固体, mp: 199-201°C , 收率 73%。
将 N-羟甲基去甲黄皮酰胺 (3) 155mg溶于 10mL无水四氢呋喃中, 冰盐浴下 (-8 °C)搅拌 20分钟, 滴加 75mg醋酐和 59mg 的吡啶 2raL无 水 THF溶液, 在此温度下搅拌 3小时, 加入少量水, 二氯甲烷稀释, 分出有机层, 用水和氯化钠水溶液各洗一次, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 蒸 除溶剂后柱层析分离得到 N- (乙酰氧基亚甲基) -去甲黄皮酰胺 (III 3) , 60mg, mp: 137-139°C„ 收率 32%。 药理实验 实验例 1 C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍 生物对小鼠脑神经干细胞的细胞増殖的影响
1、 目的和意义- 神经干细胞数量的增加或寿命的延长对增加神经元和防止神经元 丢失具有特别重要的意义。 我们釆用小鼠脑神经干细胞研究 C5羟基取 代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍生物是否具有促进神经 干细胞増殖的作用。 2. 方法:
小鼠 C17- 2脑神经干细胞在 1640培养基、 10%马血清、 10%胎牛血清、 5% C02和 37° C培养箱的条件下连续培养。 用 0 . 1 %胰蛋白酶溶 液将小鼠神经干细胞消化成单细胞悬液, 离心 1000 rpm X 5 min, 再 用培养基冲洗, 细胞经接种于 96孔培养板中, 神经干细胞 1 X 103 细胞 /孔, 每组 3孔, 连续培养。 24h后加药, C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺 的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍生物 (名称见表 1 ) 的给药剂量 为 0. 1 μ M, 1 μ M和 10 μ M, 每天一次在显微镜下观测细胞的生长状 态, 于第 4天吸去培养液, 加含有 MTT的磷酸盐缓冲液, 再培养 4 小时, 吸尽液体, 加 DMS0溶液, 37度震荡培养 10分钟, 在多功能 工作站的 490nm 中测定每孔的 0D值。 对照组细胞生长率定为 100%。 各剂量组分别与对照组进行比较。 并用 t检验进行统计学处理。
3. 结果
C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍生物对小 鼠神经干细胞的细胞增殖率的结果见表 1。
16 种化合物中两种 C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺立体异构体 (5 号 (-) IL (C18H 313. 36) 和 8号 (+) IL (C18H19N04, 313. 36)) 和一种 N-取 代黄皮酰胺衍生物 ( 12号(±) III5 (C27H28N204444. 54)) 在 Ο. Ι μ Μ和 1 μ Μ的剂量下具有明显促进小鼠神经干细胞的增殖作用。
C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代
黄皮酰胺衍生物对小鼠神经干细胞增殖的影响
代号 化合物 分子式 分子量 给 药 结果 (OD) 细胞增殖 名称 剂量 % 对照 100.00
DMSO 0 0.137±0·021
阳性对 成纤维细胞
照 生长因子 5mg/L 0.340±0.035 ** 248.17
1 (-) Δ 8· °-1 C18H,7N02 279.34 10"5M 0.076±0.016 55.47
10"6Μ 0.165±0.011 120.44
10_7Μ 0.246土 0.005 179.56
2 (-) II, C18H19N04 313.36 10-5 Μ 0.126±0.016 91.97
10"6Μ 0.236±0.049 * 172.26
1。-7Μ 0.256±0.020** 186.86
3 (+) II, C18H19N04 313.36 10_5Μ 0.093 ±0.007 67.88
10_6Μ 0.264±0.036* 192.70 10_7M 0.250 + 0.016** 182.48
(-)-3-0-AC-IIi C20H21NO5 355.39 10_5M 0.063±0.014 45.99
10"6M 0.072 + 0.006 52.55
10_7M 0.179±0.004 130.66
5 (-) ¾ C18H19N04 313.36 10-5 M 0.156±0.095 113.87
10-6M 0.163 ±0.038 118.98
IO-7 M 0.233 ±0·033 170.07
6 (+) ¾ C,sH1E)N04 313.36 10"5M 0.076 ±0.008 55.47
10_6M 0.220 ±0.023 160.58
10"7M 0.175±0.059 127.74
7 (-) II3 Ci8H19N04 313.36 10"S M 0.088 ±0.006 64.23
10_6M 0.187±0.020 136.50
10'7M 0.168±0.076 122.63
8 (+) π3 C18H19N04 313.36 10"5M 0.131 ±0.009 95.62
10"6M 0.199 ±0.024 145.26
10— 7 M 0.253 ±0.020* 184.67
9 (±) III, Ci9H20N2O4 340.38 10_5M 0.104±0.009 75.91
10"6M 0.205 ±0.006 149.64
10"7M 0.240±0.017 * 175.18
10 (±) III2 C19H19N05 341.37 10— 5 M 0.100±0.018 72.99
10"6M 0.175±0.006 127.74
10_7M 0.218±0.012 159.12
11 (-) III3 C20H21NO5 355.39 10"5M 0.061 ±0.007 44.53
10-6M 0.147±0.021 107.30
10"7M 0·2Π± 0.024 158.39
12 (±) III5 G27H2SN2O4 444.54 IO-5 M 0.171 ±0.035 124.82
10"6M 0.227±0.011 * 165.69
10_ M 0.304±0.051** 221.90
13 (±) III6 C25H24N204 416.48 10_5M 0.147±0.051 107.30
10'SM 0.163 ±0.003 118.98
10_7M 0.230±0.013 167.88
14 (±) III7 C24H21N03 371.44 10_5M 0.146±0.011 106.57
1。-SM 0.196±0.007 143.07
10_7M 0.219±0.017 159.85
15 (-) Ills C24H23NO3 373.46 10"5M 0.096±0.022 70.07
10"5M 0.144±0.038 105.11
10"7M 0.221 +0.043 161.31
16 (±) III9 C25¾N04 403.48 IO-5 M 0.120±0.027 87.59
10_6M 0.138±0.012 100.73
10'7M 0.212±0.011 154.74
4. 小结
本发明的 C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍生物 对促进小鼠神经干细胞的增殖有一定的作用, 其中有两种 C5羟基取代 黄皮酰胺立体异构体 (5 号 (-) ΙΙ^Π 8号 (+) II和一种 Ν-取代黄 皮酰胺衍生物 (12 号(±) ΠΙ5) 具有明显地促进小鼠神经干细胞的增 殖作用 实验例 2 . C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍生物对 大鼠海马长时程增强 (LTP)的影响
1. 目的和意义
黄皮酰胺在多种行为学实验中表现出明显的促智作用, 但其对突触 传递活动的影响目前还不清楚, 而突触是神经系统中细胞间信息传递 和加工的基础环节, 其功能活动和形态结构上的改变是学习记忆活动 的神经生物学基础, 因此, 本实验采用电生理学技术从突触水平对黄 皮酰胺的促智作用进行研究.
2. 方法
成年雄性 SD大鼠 (5只 /组) 以 20% (w/v)乌拉坦(l.Og.kg^ ip) 麻醉并固定于立体定位仪上。参照 Pellegrino 大鼠脑立体定位图谱,在 海马齿状回颗粒细胞层埋藏记录电极 (外覆绝缘层, 尖端裸露 0.2mm, 直径 0.2mm的不锈钢针)。侧脑室给予表 9所示的 4对光学活性的黄皮 酰胺。 刺激电极 (两枚间距 0.5mm, 外覆聚四氟乙烯绝缘层, 尖端裸 露 0.2mm, 直径 0.15mm的不锈钢针构成) 埋植于大鼠内嗅区穿通路 (perforant path, PP)纤维间。 电子剌激器产生持续的电流刺激后, 经剌 . 激隔离器和剌激电极输向 PP。 调整刺激电极的位置, 直到观察到典型 的兴奋性突触后电位 (EPSP)。 电流通过放大器放大后, 经过计算机 DataWave 软件处理。 剌激强度则釆用引起最大群峰电位 (Population spike, PS)所需刺激强度的 1/2。 在整个实验过程中, 每 30秒钟给予一 次测试剌激频率, 记录群峰电位幅度 (Population spike amplitude, PSA), 根据公式 (PSA/基础幅度值) 计算出相对的 PSA百分率。
3. 结果
由实验结果(表 2)可知, 本发明的化合物基本对基础突触传递都 有一定的增强作用; 其中 1号 (-) Δ 5' 6-Ι, 2号 (+) IL , 7号 (+ ) IL 和 9号 (±)ΙΙΙ2对基础突触传递有明显的增强作用(P<0.05vs control, n=5) C5羟基取代黄皮酰胺的立体异构体及 N-取代黄皮酰胺衍生物 LTP筛选结果
动物数 相对群峰电位(PSA%)
样品号 化合物 分子式 分子量
(只) 给药前 给药后 15min 给药后 30min 给药后 45min 给药后 60min 对照 Control 3 100 107. 10±10. 08 103. 53±6. 12 97. 86 ±3. 18 95. 99±11. 08
1 (-) Δ5' 6-1 Ci8Hi7N02 279.34 5 100 123. 37±14. 80 138. 79±10. 94** 158. 89±23. 04* 181. 50±35. 88*
2 C18Hi9N04 313.36 4 100 144. 86 ±49.53 168 02±49. 16 194. 32±56.65* 233. 24±55.62*
3 (-) Πι-3-OAC C2oH2iN05 355.39 3 100 78. 91 ±13. 90 83. 73 ±13. 59 94. 60 ±8. 87 102. 66±2. 88
4 (-) π3 C18HI9N04 313.36 3 100 110. 55±7. 27 103. 09±10. 12 94.49土 10. 53 88. 40±14. 2
5 C+) π2 Ci8Hi9N04 313.36 3 100 81.48±6. 13 77. 33±8. 93 82. 56±1. 87 99. 92±6. 26
6 (-) 113 C1SH19NO4 313.36 3 100 92. 83土 17. 54 87. 11 ±30. 54 97. 34±25. 71 98. 30 ±28. 59
7 (+) 113 Ci8H19N04 313.36 4 100 91.74±17. 21 117. 87±14· 93 161. 14±13. 4** 188. 03±5. 28***
8 (±)m, CI9H20N2O4 340.38 3 100 85. 24±17.41 79. 82 ±22. 33 96. 00±19. 78 117. 37±13. 49
9 C19H19NO5 341.37 4 100 99.41 ±9. 27 117. 34± . 74 140. 2±10. 96** 153. 36±13. 23
10 (-) III3 C20H21NO5 355.39 5 100 90. 33±16. 11 100. 15土 7. 48 118. 33±25. 07 141. 37±30. 83
11 (±)Πΐ5 C27H28N204 444.54 5 100 87. 51 ±19. 57 97. 43±32. 15 111. 47±46. 02 137. 15±57. 17
12 (±)ffl7 C24H21N03 371.44 3 100 95. 08 ±5. 52 98. 53±11· 81 109, 13±14. 82 107. 55±21. 27
13 (±)m8 C24H23N03 373.46 4 100 67. 75土 26. 84 68.48±21. 15 79. 25±16. 62 98. 97±14. 26
14 (±)m9 C25H25NO4 403.48 4 100 115. 6±17. 94 107. 18±20. 09 103. 77±15. 36 112. 72±8. 95
Test *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 vs Control.

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 如通式 (II )所示的光活黄皮酰胺 c5羟基的衍生物
Figure imgf000023_0001
(II)
结构特征在于: 消旋 ¾构型为 (3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*),
消旋 112构型为 (3S*,4S*,5R*,6S*),
消旋 ¾构型为 (3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*);
光活 ¾构型为: (3S,4S,5S,6R)
(3R,4R, 5 ,6S);
光活 ¾构型为: (3S,4S,5R,6S)
(3R,4R,5S,6R);
光活 Π3构型为: 3R,4R,5R,6R)
(3S,4S,5S,6S)。
2、 如权利要求 1所述光活黄皮酰胺 C5羟基的衍生物的制备方法, 其 特征在于, 包括如下步骤
Figure imgf000024_0001
3 - 0-乙酰 II,
氧化 路线 3
Figure imgf000024_0002
(a)消旋 3-0-乙酰黄皮酰胺 (1) 及其光活体的脱水, 脱水剂可用 POCl3/Py , 或先制备黄皮酰胺的甲磺酸酯再以 DBU脱除甲磺酸;
(b)消旋 3-0-乙酰 -Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺 (2) 及其光活体的水 可选用常规的 酸或碱性条件;
(c)消旋 Δ5'6-黄皮酰胺 (3) 及其光活体的双羟基化可用 OsCVNMO, KHS05/CH3COCF3, W03/H202;
(d) (3S*,4S*,5S*,6R*)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (3-0-乙酰 )及其 光活体可用 KMn04/CuS04, Mn02, DMSO/C1COCOC1/TEA, DMSO/TFAA/TEA等氧化剂;
(e) (3S*,4S*,5S*)-3-0-乙酰基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺酮 ( 酮)及其光活体的 还原可选用各种硼氢化试剂, 如硼氢化钠、 三仲丁基硼锂;
(f) (3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*)-3-乙酰氧基 -5-羟基黄皮酰胺 (Π3) 及其光活体的 水解选用各种酸、 碱或 Sm/I2/C¾OH。
、 如通式 (III) 所示的黄皮酰胺的 N取代衍生物
Figure imgf000025_0001
III
其特征在于: 相对构型为 (3S*,4R*,5R*,6S*),
R选自: CHbCOR1 CH2OCOR2、 CHR:
其中, R1选自 OH、 NH2、 d-s垸氧基、
Figure imgf000025_0002
R2选自 d 8垸氧基
R3选自
Figure imgf000025_0003
4、如权利要求 3所述黄皮酰胺的 N取代衍生物的制备方法,其特征在 于,'
当 R选自 CH2R3时,利用 N-苄基或对甲氧基苄基黄皮酰胺酮还原 制得;
当 R选自 CHzCOR^ CH2OCOR2时, 包括如下步骤:
Figure imgf000026_0001
!)l2
(a)由去甲黄皮酰胺和二氢吡喃在对甲苯磺酸盐催化下制备 3,6-二 -0- 四氢吡喃去甲黄皮酰胺;
(b)将 3,6-二 -0-四氢吡喃去甲黄皮酰胺溶于无水苯中, 加入氢钠, 加热 并加入溴乙酸酯, 再用酸脱四氢吡喃保护, 得到 N- (垸氧 (氮) 羰 基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺;
(c)将 N- (乙氧羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺以大大过量的 NH3/CH3OH溶 液处理, 制备 N- (氨羰基亚甲基)去甲黄皮酰胺;
(d)将去甲黄皮酰胺和多聚甲醛和碳酸钾反应制备 N-羟甲基去甲黄皮 酰胺;
(e)将 N-羟甲基去甲黄皮酰胺和相应的酸酐反应制备相应的 N- (酰氧基 亚甲基) -去甲黄皮酰胺。
5、 一种药物组合物, 其特征在于, 含有有效剂量的如权利要求 1或 3 所述的任一化合物, 以及药效学上可接受的载体。
6、 如权利要求 1或 3所述的化合物在制备促智, 抗衰老作用药物的应 用。
PCT/CN2003/001150 2002-12-31 2003-12-31 Derives c5-hydroxyle de clausenamide et derives n-substitues, procedes de preparation de ces derives, composition et utilisation associees WO2004058706A1 (fr)

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CA002512205A CA2512205A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2003-12-31 Clausenamide c5 hydroxyl derivatives and n-substituted derivatives, processes for their preparation, its composition and use
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BR0317216-3A BR0317216A (pt) 2002-12-31 2003-12-31 Derivado de clausenamida de hidroxila-c5 oticamente ativo, método para sua preparação, derivado de clausenamida n-substituìdo, método para sua preparação, composição farmacêutica contendo-os e seu uso
EP03788755A EP1589002A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2003-12-31 Clausenamide c5 hydroxyl derivatives and n-substituted derivatives, processes for their preparation, its composition and use
US10/541,128 US20060167276A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2003-12-31 Clausenamide c5-hydroxyl derivatives and n-substituted derivatives, processes for their preparation, its composition and use
JP2004562474A JP2006516248A (ja) 2002-12-31 2003-12-31 クローゼンアミドのc5−ヒドロキシル誘導体およびn−置換誘導体、その製法、医薬組成物および使用

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Citations (2)

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CN1050185A (zh) * 1989-08-19 1991-03-27 拜尔公司 黄皮酰胺,新黄皮酰胺及其衍生物的制备方法
CN1345721A (zh) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-24 中国医学科学院药物研究所 光活(一)黄皮酰胺制备方法

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CN1050185A (zh) * 1989-08-19 1991-03-27 拜尔公司 黄皮酰胺,新黄皮酰胺及其衍生物的制备方法
CN1345721A (zh) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-24 中国医学科学院药物研究所 光活(一)黄皮酰胺制备方法

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