WO2004040282A1 - 物性測定用プローブ - Google Patents
物性測定用プローブ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004040282A1 WO2004040282A1 PCT/JP2003/013703 JP0313703W WO2004040282A1 WO 2004040282 A1 WO2004040282 A1 WO 2004040282A1 JP 0313703 W JP0313703 W JP 0313703W WO 2004040282 A1 WO2004040282 A1 WO 2004040282A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- physical property
- measured
- complex permittivity
- face
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a probe for measuring physical properties. More specifically, the present invention is applied to a physical property measuring device that measures a complex dielectric constant of an object to be measured and measures a physical property value represented by a water content of the object to be measured based on the measured complex dielectric constant. The improvement of the probe used.
- TDR time domain reflection method
- the physical property measuring device 101 generates a step pulse as an excitation signal to be applied to the device under test 100 and a reference material (not shown) having a known complex permittivity, respectively.
- the signal generator 2 and the excitation signal from the signal generator 2 are incident on the DUT 100 and the reference material, respectively, and the respective reflected waves from the DUT 100 and the reference material are detected.
- Detecting unit 130 recording unit 4 that captures and records the respective reflected waves from DUT 100 and reference material detected via detecting unit 130 in order of lapse of time, and records them in recording unit 4
- the difference and the sum of the reflected wave from the standard material and the reflected wave from the device under test 100 are calculated according to the frequency component, and the complex permittivity according to the frequency component of the pre-recorded standard material is used.
- the standard substance a substance having a complex permittivity close to the complex permittivity of the DUT 100 is selected, and a liquid consisting of a single substance, such as acetone, benzene, liquid form, or water, is usually used.
- the detection unit 130 includes a probe 110 that contacts the device under test 100, a sampling head 32 that interfaces with the signal generation unit 2 and the recording unit 4, and a probe 110 that performs sampling. And a coaxial cable 1 33 connected to the cable 3 2.
- the probe 110 has an inner conductor 1 1 1 as a core wire and a cylindrical outer conductor 1 1 2 arranged coaxially with the inner conductor 1 1 1.
- an insulator 1 1 4 disposed between the inner conductor 1 1 1 and the outer conductor 1 1 2, and the end face 1 1 3 which is in contact with the device under test 100 is formed by the inner conductor 1 1 1 Are formed on a plane parallel to the cross section of the conductor, in other words, a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner conductor 111.
- a step pulse generated by the signal generator 2 is generated while the flat end surface 113 of the probe 110 is in contact with the device under test 100. And the reflected wave from the device under test 100 is taken in order of elapse of time and recorded in the recording unit 4.
- the step pulse generated by the signal generator 2 is applied to the reference material and the reflected wave from the reference material elapses over time. Recorded in the recording unit 4 in order. Either the measurement of the reflected wave from the device under test 100 or the measurement of the reflected wave from the standard material may be performed first.
- the signal processor 5 obtains the difference and the sum of the reflected wave from the reference material recorded in the recording unit 4 and the reflected wave from the device under test 100 according to the frequency component, and records the difference and the sum in advance.
- the complex permittivity of the device under test 100 is determined using the complex permittivity corresponding to the frequency component of the standard material.
- the probe 110 is of a type in which the flat end surface 113 is brought into parallel contact with the surface of the device under test 100, and when the probe 110 is inserted into the device under test 100 Since the pressing force uniformly acts on the entire flat end surface 113 contacting the surface of the object 100, it is difficult for the probe 110 to pierce the object 100 to be measured. For this reason, it is difficult for the probe 110 to measure the water content inside the object 100 to be measured.
- the probe 110 is forcibly pierced into the device under test 100, moisture will flow out of the device under test 100, especially in foods containing a large amount of water. And the tissue of the object under test 100 is broken. There is also the problem of being destroyed.
- the diameter of the probe 110 so as to reduce the contact area between the probe 110 and the object under test 100.
- the electrical length of the electrode is reduced. As the electrical length decreases, the sensitivity of the probe 110 decreases.
- the temperature of the device under test 100 is also measured when measuring the complex permittivity.
- Conventionally, separate dedicated probes are used for measuring the complex permittivity and measuring the temperature. Therefore, when measuring these two physical quantities at the same time, the measurement position on the object to be measured 100 must be different, and a measurement point shift, that is, a positional shift occurs.
- the measurement time A shift ie, a time shift occurs.
- the DUT 100 is in the process of being heated or cooled, for example, if the DUT 100 is a frozen food, the frozen food is moved to room temperature and the measurement is performed. If the difference between the temperature of the DUT 100 itself and the temperature of the atmosphere is large, as in the case where the measurement is performed, the difference in the temperature of each part of the DUT 100 becomes large, and the time of that temperature The change is also greater. Therefore, in the prior art that causes either the above positional deviation or the temporal deviation, the temperature at the location where the complex permittivity was measured or the temperature at the time when the complex permittivity was measured and the temperature actually measured were different. There is a gap between the two. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately measure the complex permittivity with respect to temperature.
- the present invention enables accurate measurement of the complex permittivity of an object to be measured irrespective of the presence or absence of unevenness on the surface of the object to be measured, and also enables measurement of physical properties inside the object to be measured. It is an object of the present invention to provide a probe for measuring physical properties which can be set to an electrical length. Another object of the present invention is to provide a physical property measurement probe capable of measuring a temperature near a measurement point simultaneously with measurement of a complex permittivity.
- the present invention measures and measures the complex permittivity of an object to be measured. It is used for a physical property measuring device for measuring physical properties such as water content of an object to be measured based on the obtained complex permittivity, and has an internal electrode serving as a core wire and an external electrode arranged coaxially with the internal electrode. In the probe for measuring physical properties, an end face is formed obliquely to the axial direction of the internal electrode.
- the end face of the probe corresponds to a cross section obtained by diagonally cutting a cylinder, and becomes elliptical.
- the length of the minor axis of this ellipse is the same as the outer diameter of the probe, and the length of the major axis of the ellipse is determined by the angle of the end face with respect to the axial direction of the internal electrode and is equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the probe. Therefore, the area of the elliptical end face is larger than the area of the cross section of the probe.
- the electrical length of the electrode increases as the area of the end face of the probe increases. Therefore, according to the present invention, the electrical length can be increased without increasing the diameter of the entire probe.
- the length of the long axis at the elliptical end face can be adjusted, so that appropriate sensitivity is realized according to the type of the object to be measured. It can be adjusted to the electrical length.
- the tip of the probe is sharpened by making the end face be inclined with respect to the axial direction of the internal electrode, and when the probe is pierced into the object to be measured, the probe first contacts the surface of the object to be measured. Since the pressing force concentrates on the sharp tip of the probe to be measured, the probe can be easily pierced into the measured object. By piercing the probe into the DUT, the end surface of the probe is in close contact with the DUT, regardless of the shape of the DUT surface, that is, with or without irregularities, so that the complex dielectric constant of the DUT can be accurately measured. It becomes possible.
- the probe according to the present invention can be manufactured very easily, for example, by diagonally cutting the tip of an existing semi-rigid cable.
- the physical property measurement probe of the present invention is preferably detachably attached to a flexible probe attachment cable provided in the physical property measurement device using a connecting means.
- a connecting means since the flexible cable is deformed, the degree of freedom for operating the probe is improved. Also, attach the probe to this cable.
- the probe can be easily replaced as needed. For example, it is possible to replace the probe with a probe having a different electrical length if necessary, or to replace the probe with a probe that comes into contact with the surface of the device under test as necessary. It is preferable to use a screw structure for attaching the probe to the connecting means.
- the probe can be configured to be attachable to and detachable from the cable at low cost, and it is also possible to adjust the direction of the probe end face by rotating or reversing the probe in the screw direction without imparting twisting deformation to the cable. Become.
- a temperature sensor near the end face of the probe.
- FIG. 1 is a central sectional view showing an embodiment of the physical property measuring probe of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the end face of the probe viewed from the arrow A in Fig. 1 in a direction perpendicular to the end face of the probe.
- Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the physical property measuring device.
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of measuring the complex permittivity of an apple as an object to be measured using the physical property measurement device of the present invention and an impedance analyzer using the physical property measurement probe of the present invention.
- the vertical axis shows the real part and the imaginary part ⁇ "of the complex permittivity.
- the vertical axis shows the real part and the imaginary part ⁇ " of the complex permittivity.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the complex permittivity of beef as an object to be measured using a TDR physical property measuring device and an impedance analyzer using the physical property measuring probe of the present invention, and the horizontal axis represents the frequency.
- the logarithm 1 ogf H z is shown, and the vertical axis shows the real part ⁇ ′ and the imaginary part ⁇ ′′ of the complex permittivity.
- FIG. 7 is a central cross-section showing another embodiment of the physical property measurement probe of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a conventional physical property measuring device, and
- Fig. 9 is a conventional physical property measuring device. It is a center sectional view showing a lobe.
- Fig. 10 is a front view showing a conventional physical property measurement probe.
- Fig.:! Fig. 3 to Fig. 3 show an embodiment of the physical property measuring probe of the present invention.
- the physical property measurement probe 31 measures the complex permittivity of the DUT 100 and measures physical properties such as the water content of the DUT 100 based on the measured complex permittivity. It is used for the physical property measuring device 1.
- the physical property measuring apparatus 1 is an apparatus employing, for example, the TDR method. As shown in Fig. 3, this physical property measurement device 1 generates a signal that generates a step pulse as an excitation signal to be applied to the device under test 100 and a reference material whose complex permittivity is not shown. Part 2 and the excitation signal from the signal generator 2 are incident on the DUT 100 and the reference material, respectively, and detect the reflected waves from the DUT 100 and the reference material, respectively.
- Unit 3 a recording unit 4 that captures and records the respective reflected waves from the DUT 100 and the standard material detected via the detection unit 3 in the order of time, and a standard material recorded in the recording unit 4.
- this physical property measuring device 1 is the same as that of the existing device 101 shown in Fig. 8, and the same components as those of the existing device 101 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is given. Description is omitted.
- the physical property measurement probe 31 has an internal electrode 3 1 1 serving as a core wire, and an external electrode 3 12 arranged coaxially with the internal electrode 3 1 1. End faces 3 13 are formed obliquely to the direction.
- the internal electrode 311 and the external electrode 312 for example, copper, which is a typical conductive material, is used.
- An insulator 314 is disposed between the internal electrode 311 and the external electrode 312.
- polytetrafluoroethylene is used as a material of the insulator 314.
- the probe 31 can be easily obtained by, for example, obliquely cutting the tip of an existing semi-rigid cable.
- the internal electrode 3 1 1 and the external electrode 3 1 2 For this purpose, it is preferable to apply gold plating or platinum plating to the metal portion of the end face 3 13 and the peripheral surface of the external electrode 3 12 inserted into the device under test 100.
- the outer diameter d 1 and inner diameter d 2 of the outer electrode 3 1 2 shown in Fig. 2, the diameter d 3 of the inner electrode 3 1 1, and the angle 0 of the end face 3 1 3 of the inner electrode 3 1 1 with respect to the axial direction are the probe.
- 3 1 is set to be thin and sharp, and the electrical length ⁇ d is set to an appropriate value.
- the end face 3 13 of the probe 31 corresponds to a cross section obtained by diagonally cutting a cylinder, and has an elliptical shape as shown in FIG.
- the length of the minor axis of the ellipse is the same as the diameter of the probe 31 and, in the present embodiment, the same as the length of the outer diameter d1 of the external electrode 312.
- the electrical length yd suitable for the device under test 100 can be adjusted. Since the sensitivity of the probe 31 is increased by increasing the electrical length Td, accurate measurement can be performed by selecting an appropriate electrical length yd according to the type of the DUT 100 and the like.
- the probe 31 of the present embodiment is electrically connected to a coaxial cable 33 provided as a probe attachment cable provided in the physical property measuring device 1.
- the probe 31 is electrically connected to the signal generator 2 and the recorder 4.
- the coaxial cable 33 is deformed as the probe 31 moves, and the direction and position of the probe 31 can be adjusted independently.
- the coaxial cable 33 includes an inner conductor 3311 serving as a core wire, an insulator 3332 surrounding the inner conductor 331, an outer conductor 3333 further surrounding the insulator 3332, and an outer conductor 3331. And an insulator that further covers the conductor.
- the inner electrode 3 1 1 is electrically connected to the inner conductor 3 3 1 of the coaxial cable 3 3
- the outer electrode 3 1 2 of the probe 3 1 is electrically connected to the outer conductor 3 3 3 of the coaxial cable 3 3 .
- a sampling head 32 serving as an interface with the signal generating unit 2 and the recording unit 4 is connected to an end of the coaxial cable 33 opposite to the end connected to the probe 31.
- the probe 31 and the coaxial cable 33 are connected by, for example, the connecting means 6.
- the connecting means 6 of the present embodiment has a screw structure for mechanically connecting the probe 31 and the coaxial cable 33, and specifically, a nut for linearly connecting the probe 31 and the coaxial cable 33. It is formed as.
- male threads which mesh with the female threads of the connecting means 6.
- the connecting means 6 is attached to the coaxial cable 33 by a screw structure, but the connecting means 6 may be attached to the coaxial cable 33 so as not to be detached. In this case, the connecting means 6 may be fixed to the coaxial cable 33 by press fitting, bonding, soldering, or the like.1
- the connecting means 6 is attached to the coaxial cable 33 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the coaxial cable 33. Is also good.
- a groove is provided on the periphery of the coaxial cable 33, and an annular projection is provided on the inner periphery of the hole of the connecting means 6 into which the coaxial cable 33 is fitted, so that the annular projection of the connecting means 6 is attached to the periphery of the coaxial cable 33.
- the connecting means 6 is attached to the coaxial cable 33 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the coaxial cable 33 by fitting into the groove of the coaxial cable 33. In this case, it is possible to attach the probe 31 to the coaxial cable 33 by rotating only the connecting means 6 without imparting torsional deformation to the coaxial cable 33 and without rotating the probe 31 in the screw direction. it can.
- connection means 6 rotates around the axis of the coaxial cable 33, the orientation of the end face 3 13 can be adjusted to a desired one without giving the coaxial cable 33 a torsional deformation.
- the connecting means 6 uses a screw structure Any means that can electrically connect the probe 31 to the coaxial cable 33 and attach the probe 31 to the coaxial cable 33 can be applied as necessary. You can
- the measurement is performed as follows. That is, the probe 31 is pierced into the food as the object to be measured 100. Irrespective of the presence or absence of unevenness on the food surface, the end face 313 of the probe 31 is in close contact with the food, so that the complex permittivity of the food can be accurately measured. In addition, since the tip of the probe 31 is sharp and the diameter can be reduced, it is possible to suppress damage to food as the object 100 to be measured. The amount of water contained in the food can be determined based on the measured complex permittivity of the food.
- a complex dielectric at room temperature was measured for apples, potatoes, and beef using a TDR-type physical property measurement device equipped with a probe 31 and an impedance analyzer equipped with a probe 31. The rate was measured.
- the temperature of the DUT at the time of measurement was the same as room temperature. Room temperature was around 26 ° C to 27 ° C.
- the electrical length ⁇ d in this experiment was 0.315 mm.
- the measurement of the complex permittivity was performed by piercing each probe with the probe 31.
- the measurement conditions by the TDR physical property measuring device were as follows: the frequency range was 10 OMHz to 10 GHz, and air was used as a standard substance.
- the measurement conditions of the impedance analyzer were set to a frequency range of 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz.
- Fig. 4 shows the measurement results for apples
- Fig. 5 shows the measurement results for braids
- Fig. 6 shows the measurement results for beef.
- the horizontal axis shows the logarithm of frequency 1 og f Hz
- the vertical axis shows the real part ⁇ and the imaginary part ⁇ "of the complex permittivity.
- Table 1 shows the relaxation parameters obtained by performing a curve fit using Equation 1 for the above relaxation process.
- the dielectric constant E on the high frequency side was fixed at 5.0.
- the piercing probe according to the present invention may be configured to simultaneously measure not only the complex permittivity but also other physical properties of the DUT.
- the piercing-type probe according to the present invention is configured to also have a detecting unit for physical properties other than the complex permittivity.
- the piercing probe according to the present invention is configured to add a detection unit for detecting a physical property value other than the complex dielectric constant.
- a temperature sensor 72 is arranged near the end face 3 13.
- the temperature sensor is, for example, a thermocouple 72.
- the temperature sensor is not limited to a thermocouple, and may be a well-known temperature sensor using, for example, a platinum resistance wire thermistor, which is a temperature measuring resistor.
- the thermocouple 72 is used as the temperature sensor, the measuring contact 74 of the thermocouple 72 is arranged near the end face 313 of the probe 31.
- the thermocouple 72 may be attached to the outer periphery of the external electrode 31 with an adhesive or the like.
- a groove 75 is provided in the longitudinal direction of the external electrode 3 12 so as not to reach the insulator 3 14, and the thermocouple 72 is fitted into the groove 75 and fixed with an adhesive or the like. May be.
- the thermocouple 72 does not protrude from the external electrode 3112 compared to the former.
- the positional relationship between the end face 3 13 of the probe 31 and the thermocouple 72 is such that, for example, the probe 31 and the thermocouple 72 do not disturb the detection signal with each other, that is, one is the other. It is preferable to set so as not to cause disturbance.
- thermocouple 72 is a well-known thermocouple made of two different types of conductors joined at both ends.
- the thermocouple 72 is connected to temperature measuring means (not shown).
- the temperature measuring means uses a thermoelectromotive force generated by the Seebeck effect to generate a thermal voltage generated between two contacts of the thermocouple 72. This is a well-known device that measures the temperature of the measurement contact 74 by measuring the temperature of the contact.
- the complex permittivity of the object to be measured is measured, and It becomes possible to measure the temperature near the measurement point. As a result, even when the device under test is in the process of heating or cooling, it is possible to accurately measure the complex permittivity with respect to temperature.
- the area of the end face can be adjusted to obtain a desired electric length.
- the desired electric length depends on the shape of the cross section of the probe. May be obtained.
- the end face of the probe may be a plane parallel to the cross section of the probe, and the cross section of the probe may have an elliptical shape to obtain a desired electrical length.
- the physical property measuring device using the probe of the present invention may be used for measuring not only foods but also, for example, all water-containing substances whose water content needs to be checked.
- the physical property measuring device using the probe of the present invention is not limited to a device employing the TDR method.
- a method of measuring the complex permittivity of the device under test in addition to the TDR method, for example, a frequency domain measurement method is known, and the probe of the present invention is also applied to a physical property measuring device employing these measurement methods. It is possible to do.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003275680A AU2003275680A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-27 | Probe for physical properties measurement |
US10/532,688 US20060061371A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-27 | Probe for physical properties measurement |
EP03758935A EP1562039A4 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-27 | PROBE FOR MEASURING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002316770A JP2004150960A (ja) | 2002-10-30 | 2002-10-30 | 物性測定用プローブ |
JP2002-316770 | 2002-10-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004040282A1 true WO2004040282A1 (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
Family
ID=32211696
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/013703 WO2004040282A1 (ja) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-27 | 物性測定用プローブ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060061371A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1562039A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2004150960A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003275680A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI226438B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004040282A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4782506B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-09 | 2011-09-28 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 静電容量式センサ |
WO2007131268A1 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-22 | Callidan Instruments Pty Ltd | Microwave probe device |
US20090275814A1 (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2009-11-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | System and method for measuring constituent concentration |
JP5123684B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-08 | 2013-01-23 | 学校法人明治大学 | 降霜検知装置 |
EP2237075B1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-10-17 | Services Pétroliers Schlumberger | Methods for determining dielectric permittivity spectrum of underground rock formations |
ES2382235T3 (es) * | 2009-12-19 | 2012-06-06 | Nordenia Deutschland Gronau Gmbh | Procedimiento para la fabricación de una lámina elástica, en particular para artículos higiénicos |
DE102010001080A1 (de) * | 2010-01-21 | 2011-07-28 | Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 | Vorrichtung zur Messung dielektrischer Eigenschaften flüssiger Medien |
JP2012194027A (ja) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-10-11 | Kett Electric Laboratory | 水分含有材の水分測定装置及び該水分測定装置を使用した水分測定方法 |
JP6871195B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-05-12 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 成分濃度測定装置および成分濃度測定方法 |
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2002
- 2002-10-30 JP JP2002316770A patent/JP2004150960A/ja active Pending
-
2003
- 2003-10-27 WO PCT/JP2003/013703 patent/WO2004040282A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-27 AU AU2003275680A patent/AU2003275680A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-27 EP EP03758935A patent/EP1562039A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-27 US US10/532,688 patent/US20060061371A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-28 TW TW092129859A patent/TWI226438B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1562039A4 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
TWI226438B (en) | 2005-01-11 |
US20060061371A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
AU2003275680A8 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
EP1562039A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
TW200406582A (en) | 2004-05-01 |
JP2004150960A (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
AU2003275680A1 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
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