WO2004038814A1 - Processus d'assemblage de modules photovoltaiques - Google Patents

Processus d'assemblage de modules photovoltaiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004038814A1
WO2004038814A1 PCT/EP2003/011794 EP0311794W WO2004038814A1 WO 2004038814 A1 WO2004038814 A1 WO 2004038814A1 EP 0311794 W EP0311794 W EP 0311794W WO 2004038814 A1 WO2004038814 A1 WO 2004038814A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cells
conducting
process according
cell
conducting element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2003/011794
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Giacomo Manenti
Original Assignee
Suntech S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suntech S.R.L. filed Critical Suntech S.R.L.
Priority to EP03758055A priority Critical patent/EP1556903A1/fr
Priority to AU2003274074A priority patent/AU2003274074A1/en
Publication of WO2004038814A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004038814A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0512—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module made of a particular material or composition of materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a process for assembly of photovoltaic modules, comprising a plurality of interconnected solar cells.
  • Photovoltaic modules commonly consist of a series of solar cells (in general thin slices of appropriately doped mono or polycrystalline silicon) arranged on a surface and interconnected in series or parallel according to requirements.
  • the slices of silicon have two opposite parallel faces, one doped p and one doped n, the latter obtained, in general, by diffusion of an appropriate doping agent (such as phosphorous) through one face of a p doped slice.
  • an appropriate doping agent such as phosphorous
  • a grille is created for collection of the current consisting of thin conductors called fingers which must have an extension over the surface as widespread as possible, for optimal collection of the current generated, but at the same time be compatible with the need to leave as much surface as possible exposed to receive the light radiation;
  • the fingers can be created on the surface by deposition and partial diffusion of materials such as mixtures of aluminium and silver, by means of known techniques (like deposition of compounds containing said materials by masking and heating).
  • the same method is used to create thicker collectors, called bus bars, connected to the fingers, and to which the contacts can be soldered, for example appropriately tin-plated copper strips for connecting the cells to other cells or to the electrical circuits of which they form part.
  • a layer of aluminium is deposited and partially diffused throughout said surface, as described above.
  • silver can also be introduced in order to facilitate the soldering.
  • the face that will receive the radiation will from now on be called front of the cell and the opposite face back.
  • the cells provided with copper strips can be connected in series, soldering the strip applied to the bus bar of the front of one cell to the back of another.
  • rows, or strings are formed which are then arranged on a panel, made of plastic for example.
  • Several strings are then connected in series or parallel, thus constituting the photovoltaic module, which is then appropriately sealed, for example by means of a sheet of glass (with suitable physical characteristics such as transparency to certain wavelengths), having a layer of suitable material such as a film of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • Assembly of a photovoltaic module therefore, involves various soldering phases which must be performed in subsequent steps, such as application of the copper strips to the cells by soldering (operation also called tipping), soldering between them and connection between the strings to form the circuits.
  • soldering operation also called tipping
  • These steps, as well as the formation of strings and their arrangement on the panel, are time-expensive and difficult, and involve serious risk of breakage of the cells. This is also due to the fact that these operations are not suited to automated procedures and are generally performed manually by an operator, or only the soldering operations are partially automated in a limited number of points in formation of the strings; in any case, the process is inefficient and is labour-intensive. Assembly costs are therefore high and become progressively more relevant as technology allows obtaining cells at increasingly lower costs.
  • the steps can be performed in the above order or in another order if necessary.
  • positioning of the cells on said panel can be simultaneous with connection of the conducting element to the back.
  • the fixing step is performed under heat, simultaneously for all the cells; in this step the conducting glue hardens, if required by the type of glue used; again, this process is performed hot.
  • the conducting element can be a conducting adhesive tape or a strip of material appropriately fixed to the back of the cells with soldering paste or conducting glue applied in-between.
  • the process also provides for hot application of a film of suitable material on the panel on which the cells are arranged.
  • the material can be EVA and it can advantageously be applied simultaneously with the fixing step.
  • the film can be applied together with a sheet of transparent material, for example glass, which will close the panel at the front.
  • the deposition of conducting glue or soldering paste on at least part of the front of the cells, in general on the bus bars, can be performed on a conveyor belt from which the cells are withdrawn preferably by a robotised arm and deposited on the panel; according to a particular aspect of the invention, the panel can be previously provided with a series of conducting bases, made of copper for example, at least one per cell. These bases can be obtained by various techniques commonly employed in printed circuit technology.
  • the conducting glue can, in certain cases, be the adhesive already present on the conducting tape, as manufactured; this applies, for example, in the case of double- sided conducting tape. LIST OF FIGURES The present invention will now be illustrated by a detailed description of preferred but not exclusive forms of embodiment, provided simply as an example, with the help of the attached figures in which:
  • Figure 1 schematically represents a cell to which a conducting element is applied in a process according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 schematically represents an overhead view of a portion of panel constituting the back of a module produced according to the process of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 schematically represents a view of two adjacent cells positioned in a module produced according to the process of the present invention.
  • Figures 4 and 5 schematically show a view of two possible alternatives of a step of the process according to the invention.
  • FIG 6 schematically represents another view (lateral and in section) of the step of the process of Figure 4.
  • an adhesive conducting tape 3 (for example, tape 3M 1138), which will constitute the conducting element, is applied to the back 2 of the solar cells 1 (preferably complete with contact structures such as fingers, bus bars and conducting material on the back, as commonly produced).
  • the tape 3 is preferably applied so that an adequate portion 4 protrudes at the side of the ' cell as shown in figure 1. This can be done while the cell is conveniently positioned on a conveyor belt and the tape can be automatically applied.
  • the adhesive tape can be applied through a transverse groove of the belt leaving the portion of the back of the cell free for application of the tape, or the cell can be positioned with a part protruding from one side of the conveyor belt, where the tape 3 can be applied, while the cell is retained by appropriate devices on the conveyor belt such as another roller, for example.
  • the cell can be positioned with the back facing upwards for application of the adhesive tape and then overturned, for example by a mechanical arm, for the subsequent phases.
  • the tape can be deposited, for example, by means of an automatic dispenser and cut automatically to form elements of the required length for the next cell connection.
  • the next operation consists in the application of conducting glue (for example Loctite 3880) or soldering paste (for example LT 30 Multicore) (unless a two-sided conducting tape is used) on part 5 of the front of the cell 1 , in general on the bus bar 5.
  • the glue can be applied by means of an automatic dispenser above the conveyor belt, for example in the form of strips 7 or spheres, or in any other suitable form.
  • Figure 2 shows a portion of panel 8 on which the cells will be positioned, said panel constituting the rear part of the photovoltaic module.
  • the panel is made of suitable material (for example Tedlar, PET, PEN, GHE, Capton, glass or other) and may feature a series of bases 9, preferably in the shape of a cell and produced by means of appropriate techniques, those commonly used in the production of printed circuits.
  • the cells can be aligned in various ways, for example parallel rows 11 , 11 ' on which the strings of cells will be formed.
  • On each base 9 a cell 1 will be positioned, after an adequate amount of glue (indicated by 10 in figure 3) or soldering paste has been applied on the base by means of stencil technology or with a dispenser, for example.
  • the glue will be preferably hardened or the soldering, by means of the soldering paste, will be performed in the fixing step.
  • the cells 1 ', 1 " will be positioned on the bases 9 in sequence so that two adjacent cells are connected by the tape 3 in series, i.e. the front of one to the back of the other.
  • cell 1 ' is positioned first; cell 1" will be positioned so that the free portion 4 of the tape 3 covers with the end 12 the part of cell 1' on which the glue or paste has been applied (in general the bus bar).
  • Some bases 9' can be provided with contacts 13 to which the bus bars of the cells positioned at one end of a string are connected, for example by means of conducting tape or strips of conducting material, to permit connection with other strings or for connection to the circuits outside the module.
  • Other collectors 14 can be provided on the panel 8 to connect the bus bars to the external circuits in the same way.
  • Different solutions from the one described can be used, such as herringbone arrangement or, if necessary, instead of on the opposite side as shown in figure 3, some cells can have the tape on the side adjacent to the bus bar so that two nearby strings can be directly connected; it is nevertheless preferable to have equal cells prepared in the same way, especially in an automated process.
  • the adhesive tape 3 can be replaced by an element made of other material, such as a copper strip.
  • lamination is performed, i.e. hot application of a film, for example of EVA, on the whole panel.
  • a film for example of EVA
  • the application is performed preferably under heat, by means of suitable heating devices, preferably at a temperature that also causes hardening of the conducting glue or soldering via the soldering paste; for example, heating can be performed in an oven under vacuum, a technique commonly used for lamination.
  • suitable heating devices preferably at a temperature that also causes hardening of the conducting glue or soldering via the soldering paste; for example, heating can be performed in an oven under vacuum, a technique commonly used for lamination.
  • the materials will be preferably chosen so that the lamination, the soldering or hardening take place together, at the same temperature, thus, the fixing step and the film application are performed simultaneously.
  • the solar cells used are generally made of mono or polycrystalline silicon and preferably have a thickness of between 100 and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the conducting element for example a conducting tape or a copper sheet, can completely cover the back of the cell; it can be applied while the cell is on a conveyor belt with the back facing upwards, if necessary after application of conducting glue or soldering paste; the soldering or hardening takes place immediately afterwards, for example on the conveyor belt by means of a heated surface. The cell is then overturned and the subsequent steps are the same as those already seen. An adequate portion of the conducting element still protrudes at the side of the cell to permit connection between different cells. In this case it is not necessary for the panel 8 to be provided with the bases for application of the cells which, equipped with conducting element, can be positioned directly on the panel, if found necessary, by means of ordinary adhesive.
  • the conducting element can be a pre-punched sheet of copper or conducting material, i.e. in which cuts of suitable shape have been made, in order to form tabs 15, attached to the sheet, which will then constitute the connection with the front of the other cells (or with the panel collectors) and will be appropriately folded before the sheet is applied to the cell.
  • the punching can also be performed on the bases 9" (see figures 4, 5 and 6) made of copper (or suitable material) provided on the panel. In this case the tabs must be raised before application of the cell.
  • conducting glue or soldering paste is deposited on the base before raising of the tab, which is then folded on the front (in general on the bus bars) of the adjacent cell 1 , which has advantageously been positioned before.
  • Raising and folding can be performed by a robotised arm, for example provided with suction cups.
  • the process can be fully or partly automated, also reducing the risk of errors and breakage and permitting rational arrangement of the cells in the modules, with the possibility of reducing unused spaces between the cells and increasing efficiency per module surface unit. Furthermore, the process can be used with cells like those commonly available on the market, and does not require modifications in the manufacturing procedures.
  • the invention also concerns a photovoltaic module comprising a series of photovoltaic cells connected in series by means of conducting elements fixed to the front of said cells by means of conducting glue or soldering paste.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un processus d'assemblage d'un module photovoltaïque qui comprend une série de cellules photovoltaïques (1, 1') et des bornes électriques, ledit processus comprenant les étapes suivantes: la connexion d'un élément conducteur (3, 9',9',15) sur l'arrière (2) des cellules; le dépôt de colle conductrice ou de pâte de soudure (7) sur au moins une partie (5) de l'avant (6) des cellules; le positionnement des cellules sur un panneau (8) en matériau approprié; la connexion sur l'avant des cellules de l'élément conducteur relié à l'arrière d'une autre cellule ou à une borne électrique; la fixation, par durcissage de la colle conductrice ou par soudure au moyen de la pâte de soudure; l'application à chaud d'un film de CAV/E et d'une feuille de verre pour recouvrir le panneau, en même temps que la fixation.
PCT/EP2003/011794 2002-10-25 2003-10-24 Processus d'assemblage de modules photovoltaiques WO2004038814A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03758055A EP1556903A1 (fr) 2002-10-25 2003-10-24 Processus d'assemblage de modules photovoltaiques
AU2003274074A AU2003274074A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2003-10-24 Process for assembly of photovoltaic modules

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2002A002276 2002-10-25
IT002276A ITMI20022276A1 (it) 2002-10-25 2002-10-25 Processo di assemblaggio di moduli fotovoltaici

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004038814A1 true WO2004038814A1 (fr) 2004-05-06

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EP (1) EP1556903A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003274074A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20022276A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004038814A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006021804A1 (de) * 2006-05-09 2007-11-15 International Solar Energy Research Center Konstanz E.V. Solarzellenmodul sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Solarzellenmodulen
CN101931019A (zh) * 2010-08-30 2010-12-29 江苏润达光伏科技有限公司 低应力太阳能组件及其制造方法
CN102332483A (zh) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-25 常州天合光能有限公司 一种太阳能电池片的连接方式
WO2012016103A3 (fr) * 2010-07-30 2012-03-15 Dow Global Technologies Llc Procédé d'assemblage automatisé pour la production de modules de photopiles interconnectées à couches minces
JP2014229754A (ja) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-08 三菱電機株式会社 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法及び太陽電池モジュール
JP2017143311A (ja) * 2017-05-17 2017-08-17 三菱電機株式会社 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法
CN108574021A (zh) * 2018-05-26 2018-09-25 宁夏小牛自动化设备有限公司 汇流带焊接垫板装置及汇流带焊接机及承接吸附焊接方法
CN110193685A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2019-09-03 无锡奥特维科技股份有限公司 一种电池片串焊机及电池片串焊方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4334354A (en) * 1977-07-12 1982-06-15 Trw Inc. Method of fabricating a solar array
US4430519A (en) * 1982-05-28 1984-02-07 Amp Incorporated Electron beam welded photovoltaic cell interconnections
JPS59115576A (ja) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-04 Sharp Corp 太陽電池の配線方法
US4534502A (en) * 1983-02-14 1985-08-13 Atlantic Richfield Company Automatic solder machine
JPS60202968A (ja) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-14 Hitachi Ltd 太陽電池セルの電極接続装置
EP0540797A1 (fr) * 1991-11-07 1993-05-12 Paul Leon Machine à mettre en rangée et à souder aux conducteurs qui les relient entre eux une pluralité de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs
WO1996017387A1 (fr) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-06 Angewandte Solarenergie - Ase Gmbh Procede et appareil d'interconnexion de piles solaires

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4334354A (en) * 1977-07-12 1982-06-15 Trw Inc. Method of fabricating a solar array
US4430519A (en) * 1982-05-28 1984-02-07 Amp Incorporated Electron beam welded photovoltaic cell interconnections
JPS59115576A (ja) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-04 Sharp Corp 太陽電池の配線方法
US4534502A (en) * 1983-02-14 1985-08-13 Atlantic Richfield Company Automatic solder machine
JPS60202968A (ja) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-14 Hitachi Ltd 太陽電池セルの電極接続装置
EP0540797A1 (fr) * 1991-11-07 1993-05-12 Paul Leon Machine à mettre en rangée et à souder aux conducteurs qui les relient entre eux une pluralité de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs
WO1996017387A1 (fr) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-06 Angewandte Solarenergie - Ase Gmbh Procede et appareil d'interconnexion de piles solaires

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 235 (E - 275) 27 October 1984 (1984-10-27) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 050 (E - 384) 27 February 1986 (1986-02-27) *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006021804A1 (de) * 2006-05-09 2007-11-15 International Solar Energy Research Center Konstanz E.V. Solarzellenmodul sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Solarzellenmodulen
WO2012016103A3 (fr) * 2010-07-30 2012-03-15 Dow Global Technologies Llc Procédé d'assemblage automatisé pour la production de modules de photopiles interconnectées à couches minces
US9065008B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2015-06-23 Dow Global Technologies Llc Automated assembly method for the production of interconnected thin film solar cell modules
CN101931019A (zh) * 2010-08-30 2010-12-29 江苏润达光伏科技有限公司 低应力太阳能组件及其制造方法
CN101931019B (zh) * 2010-08-30 2012-07-11 江苏润达光伏科技有限公司 低应力太阳能组件及其制造方法
CN102332483A (zh) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-25 常州天合光能有限公司 一种太阳能电池片的连接方式
JP2014229754A (ja) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-08 三菱電機株式会社 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法及び太陽電池モジュール
JP2017143311A (ja) * 2017-05-17 2017-08-17 三菱電機株式会社 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法
CN108574021A (zh) * 2018-05-26 2018-09-25 宁夏小牛自动化设备有限公司 汇流带焊接垫板装置及汇流带焊接机及承接吸附焊接方法
CN108574021B (zh) * 2018-05-26 2023-12-01 宁夏小牛自动化设备股份有限公司 汇流带焊接垫板装置及汇流带焊接机及承接吸附焊接方法
CN110193685A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2019-09-03 无锡奥特维科技股份有限公司 一种电池片串焊机及电池片串焊方法
CN110193685B (zh) * 2019-06-03 2024-04-30 无锡奥特维科技股份有限公司 一种电池片串焊机及电池片串焊方法

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Publication number Publication date
EP1556903A1 (fr) 2005-07-27
AU2003274074A1 (en) 2004-05-13
ITMI20022276A1 (it) 2004-04-26

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