WO2004036841A1 - グローバル・ネットワークにおける ローミング接続方法及び装置 - Google Patents
グローバル・ネットワークにおける ローミング接続方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004036841A1 WO2004036841A1 PCT/JP2003/013348 JP0313348W WO2004036841A1 WO 2004036841 A1 WO2004036841 A1 WO 2004036841A1 JP 0313348 W JP0313348 W JP 0313348W WO 2004036841 A1 WO2004036841 A1 WO 2004036841A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 abstract description 151
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
- H04W36/0019—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection adapted for mobile IP [MIP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
- H04W60/04—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration using triggered events
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/06—Registration at serving network Location Register, VLR or user mobility server
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
- H04W8/082—Mobility data transfer for traffic bypassing of mobility servers, e.g. location registers, home PLMNs or home agents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/005—Moving wireless networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the transmission of buckets in the internetworking of a bucket-switched data communication network.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the above global network.
- the MNO mobile node 0
- MR1's home network and foreign network are being deployed.
- a mobile network is a network of nodes whose entire network changes the point of attachment to the Internet, usually with different access ⁇ Routers AR 1 and AR 2 (actually, access The router itself moves Change the point of connection to the Internet between (possibly possible), Mopile-a mobile node in the network (requires MR 1), which connects the network to the Internet.
- mopile networks include networks connected to the general public (known as personal area networks or PANs) and sensors located in vehicles such as cars, trains, ships, and aircraft. Includes network. In mass transit systems such as airplanes, trains, buses, etc., administrators may need a laptop, personal digital assistance (PDA) to connect to a remote host, or a permanent mobile phone enabled connection.
- PDA personal digital assistance
- the individual nodes in such a mobile 'network are usually connected to a central device (i.e., the Mopile router MR1), which connects nodes when the network is running. Do not change, but instead change the connection point of Mopil 'router MR 1 so that the entire network moves.
- the present invention describes a proposed solution for the problem of moving networks. In essence, the problem with a moving network is to provide continuous Internet connectivity to nodes within the moving network as a whole.
- a node MNO in a moving network may not be aware that the network is changing its point of connection to the Internet, and this is the point of the Internet 'protocol' version 4 (IPV 4; Non-Patent Document 6) IP protocol v4 (Non-Patent Document 5) and Internet Protocol v Version 6 (IPV 6; Non-Patent Document 8) It is different from the classic problem of mobility support.
- IPV 4; Non-Patent Document 6 IP protocol v4
- IPV 6 Internet Protocol v Version 6
- Non-Patent Documents 5 and 7 have a main purpose of providing mobility 'support for individual hosts rather than the entire network.
- each Mopile 'node has an immutable home' domain ing.
- a mopile 'node When a mopile 'node is connected to its home' network, it is assigned an immutable global address, known as the home address. If the Mopile node is remote, i.e., connected to another foreign 'network, the Mobil' node will have a temporary global address known as a care-of-address. Is usually assigned.
- the idea of mobility 'support is to ensure that the mopile' node is reachable in the home 'domain, even if the mopile' node is connected to another foreign 'network.
- Non-Patent Documents 5 and 7 This is done in Non-Patent Documents 5 and 7 with the introduction of a home network entity known as a home 'agent.
- the mobile node registers the care-of address with the home agent using a message known as binding update.
- Home ⁇ The agent intercepts the message sent to the home node of the mobile node and uses IP-in-IP tunneling (Non Patent Literature 9, 10) to packet to the care-of address of the mobile node. Must be transferred.
- IP-in-IP tunneling involves encapsulating the original IP bucket in another bucket. The original packet is sometimes called the inner packet, and the new packet that encapsulates the inner packet is sometimes called the outer packet.
- Non Patent Literature 11 One of the proposed solutions for a moving network is Data 'support (Non Patent Literature 11).
- the Mopyle router that manages the Mopile's network is in its home domain, the mobile network will be able to access the mobile network using a number of noting protocols.
- the mobile router registers the care-of address with its home agent.
- an IP-in-IP tunnel is set up between the mobile router and the home agent.
- the routing-protocol used when the Mopile router is in its home domain is also re-run over the IP-in-IP tunnel.
- Non-Patent Document 11 Another solution proposed in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 is an extension of Mopile Router Support (Non-Patent Document 11). It avoids being encapsulated at too many levels when a mobile network is nested (ie, a mobile network is connected to another mobile network). This includes using a reverse routing header to accomplish this. Here, the lowest level mobile network sets a reverse routing header to its home agent in the tunnel's packet. If a higher-level mopile router intercepts this tunnel's packet along the way, the higher-level mopile router will No bucket is encapsulated in another IP-in-IP tunnel; instead, a high-level mobile node has a reverse header and the source in the packet to the reverse header. Copy and put its own care-of address as the source address.
- a packet to be transmitted can include a routing 'header (Non-Patent Document 8) so that it can be sent directly.
- a third solution to the problem of moving networks is proposed in [13] and is known as the prefix 'scope binding' update '.
- a solution is proposed that adds information about the prefixes of the mopile network to the bindings' updates sent by the mobile router.
- the Home 'agent can presume that nodes with a prefix equal to the one specified in the binding update are connected to the Mopile router, and thus the Home. Packets destined for these nodes can be forwarded to the mobile router.
- Non-Patent Document 11 the use of IP-in-IP tunnels is adversely affected by what is known as route triangulation (route triangulation).
- route triangulation This has the disadvantage that packets from one node to another are not located on the shortest path between the departure (source) and destination (destination) third parties (in this case, home 'Agent'), which includes the effects of root-to-triangulation when nested mopile networks.
- home 'Agent' includes the effects of root-to-triangulation when nested mopile networks.
- three mopiles' Lou Consider the packets from the mopile network that need to be forwarded through the network.
- the packet Using the solution proposed in [11], the packet must be encapsulated in three different tunnels.
- each tunnel goes to a different home agent of a different mobile agent.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 attempts to solve this problem by avoiding a large number of tunnels.
- the first mopil-router needs to set up an IP-in-IP tunnel with its home agent.
- Subsequent mopile routers do not further encapsulate the packet; instead, they record the reverse routing header in the original source 'address and change the source address to the care-of address. And forward the packet to its destination without going through their home 'agent.
- This solution solves the problem of many tunnels in a very efficient way, but the home agent should make sure that the list of addresses recorded in the reverse 'routing' header is trustworthy. Is very difficult.
- Non-patent document 1 and 2 require a home agent that uses a list of addresses in a reverse routing / header to build a routing header that forwards any packet directly to the mobile router. It is therefore important that the Home 'agent can verify that the address recorded in the reverse routing header is legitimate.
- the solution of Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 does not provide any improvement against the security threat to which the reverse routing 'header is exposed.
- Another simple solution to the problem of multiple tunneling is to allow downstream mopil routers to forward external packets directly to specified destinations (and, in addition, downstream mobile routers). Instead of encapsulating external packets at the level of tunneling to the 'home' agent). However, this still faces the same security problem, as the receiver cannot confirm that the outermost packet came from a legitimate source.
- Non-Patent Document 1 is based on Soliman, H., andPettersson, M., "Presentation and Coverage of Mopil 'Network (MONET) Problem", Internet Draft: draft-soiiman-monet- statement-OO.txt, February 2002, Work 'in' Progress, Non-Patent Document 2, Ernst, T., and Lach, H-, "Network 'Mobility' Support Requirements”, Internet Draft: draft -emst-rnoiiet-requireinents-OO.txt, February 2002, Work-in-Progress, Non-Patent Document 3, Lach, H. et.
- Non-Patent Document 12 is published in Thubert, P., and Molteni, M., "IPv6 Reverse Routing Single-Header and Mobinore 'Network.
- Non-Patent Document 13 is Ernst, T., Castelluccia, C, Bellier, L., Lach, H., and Olivereau, A. ⁇ "mode pile 'network support in mobile IP v 6 (Purefittasu - score Group Binding 'Updating', Internet ⁇ Draft: draft-ernst-mobileip-v6-network-03.txt, March 2002, Non-Patent Document 14 refers to Narten, T., Nordmark, ⁇ ⁇ , and Simpson, W., “Neighbor Discovery for IPv6,” IETF RFC 2461, January 1998, December 1998. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
- the mopile-network element can provide information about the access-router to which the mopile node is connected to its home agent or other corresponding node ( Use the mechanism to pass to the corresponding node). Using this information, the home agent or corresponding node can build a 'routing' header for sending buckets directly to the mopile 'node' without incurring the penalty added by route.triangulation. . Since the information about the router to which the mobile node is connected is sent by the mobile node itself, the certainty of the information is inevitably established.
- the home 'agent or other corresponding node is a mobile ⁇ ⁇ Has received information about the router to which it is connected, so it can verify that one of the routers arriving from the tunnel with an external source address, one of the routers, came from a legitimate source .
- the Mopil router can forward the external bucket directly to the specified destination because the recipient can verify the reliability of the forwarding router.
- the invention includes internetworking of a bucket exchange data network. Some of these networks are moving. For example, a router that controls an interface on the internal network side of the network changes its connection point.
- the present invention provides an extension of existing solutions to provide global connectivity to roaming hosts, so that global connectivity to roaming hosts is also achievable.
- the present invention has disclosed several algorithms used in the three main types of nodes. These include mobile hosts that change the point of connection to the global data network, mopile routers that control the internal network side interface of the moving network, mopile hosts and mopile routers. Another host on the global data communication network that communicates. These algorithms can be fully deployed to deliver packets to a moving network or packets from a moving network to their intended destination with minimal delay. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- Figure 1 shows an example of a global 'network.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration of a network element device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram showing an example of the algorithm used to update the binding entry
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of an algorithm used to construct a routing header.
- Figure 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the algorithm for security confirmation by the router.
- Figure 6 is a flow diagram showing an example of the algorithm for security confirmation by the Mopile 'node.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of an algorithm for handling a direct transfer request
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of an algorithm for security confirmation by another host.
- a “bucket” is a self-contained unit of data in any format that can be transmitted over a data network.
- a “packet” usually consists of two parts: a “header” and a “payload” part.
- the “payload” part contains the data to be transmitted, and the “header” part contains information to aid in the transmission of the bucket.
- the “header” must have a source address and a destination address to identify the sender and receiver of the “packet”, respectively.
- Packet tunneling is a self-contained bucket encapsulated in another packet.
- the behavior of "bucket tunneling” is also referred to as “encapsulating” a bucket.
- the encapsulated packet is called a “tunneled bucket” or “inner bucket”
- the packet encapsulating the “inner bucket” is called a “tunneling packet” or “outer bucket”. They are called “packets.”
- the entire “inner packet” forms the payload portion of the “outer packet”.
- a 'mopile' node is a network 'element' that changes the point of connection with the global data network, which can change the end 'user terminal' or the point of connection with the global data network.
- Gateway routers, intelligent networks ⁇ Intermediate network elements acting as hubs. May be used in connection with elements.
- the end user terminal, the “mopile” node is more clearly called the “mobile” host, while the gateway, router, or intelligent “network” is an “intermediate network” element that functions as a hub.
- Mobile 'nodes' are more clearly called' mobile 'routers'.
- a mobile node's “accessor” is an intermediate network-element that acts as a gateway, router, or intelligent network—a hub that allows the aforementioned mopinore nodes to communicate global data through the aforementioned network elements. It connects to gain access to the communication network.
- the 'Home' address is the primary global address assigned to the Mopile 'node, and is the mobile's node, regardless of where the Mopile node is currently connected on the global data network. It is used to make it reachable.
- a mobile node that is connected to a global data network that is topologically compatible with the address whose home address is used near the point of attachment is simply called “at home” and is simply called “at home”.
- the neighborhood of this point of attachment, which is controlled by one administrative domain, is referred to as the "home domain" of the Mopyle node.
- Mopile connected to a global data network whose home address is incompatible with the address used near the point of attachment
- the node is called “away” and the neighborhood of this attachment point controlled by a single administrative domain is called the "foreign" domain of the Mopil 'node.
- the “care-of-address” is a temporary global address assigned to a remote mopile 'node, and the assigned' care-of address' is the point of connection to the global data network. It is topologically compatible with the addresses used nearby. In general, the "care-of-address" is only valid as long as the mopil 'node is connected to the same access' router.
- the “home 'agent” is a network entity that resides in the' home 'domain of the' mopil 'node. Nore-forwards buckets addressed to the node's home address to the node's care-of address.
- a “corresponding node” corresponds to every network element on the global data communication network with which the Mopinore-node communicates.
- a "binding update” is a message sent from a Mopile node to its home agent or corresponding node, and is the current care-of address of the sender (Mopile node). Is notified to the recipient (home agent or corresponding node). This creates a "binding" on the receiver side between the care-of address of the mopile 'node' and the home 'address.
- “Binding acknowledgment” is a message sent from the recipient of a binding update message to the sender of the above-mentioned binding update message, and the result of the binding. It is shown.
- "Routing.Header” is one piece of information added to a packet, and is information indicating an intermediate router in the global data communication network to which the packet should be transferred. Normally, routers in the global data network forward packets based on destination, but the "routing 'header” overrides that behavior by including a list of intermediate destinations. To use “routing 'header", the sender puts the intended recipient's address in the last entry in the routing header, and puts the first intermediate destination (first intermediate destination).
- the first destination receives the packet and updates the bucket with the "routing 'header” so that the packet is then forwarded to the second intermediate destination (ie, the packet's destination).
- the address is exchanged with the next entry in the "notifying 'header”).
- the cycle repeats until the last intermediate destination is reached, the "routing 'header” is updated, and the packet is forwarded to the actual intended destination.
- Non-Patent Document 8 for a more detailed description of the operation of the “routing 'header”.
- Any network 'element that supports or implements the methods and mechanisms disclosed in the present invention is referred to as a "enabling the present invention" network' element.
- IPv6 sent by a router enabling the present invention to advertise the home address option and advertise the home address. It is possible to enter the router 'advertisement' message specified in the neighbor search (Non-Patent Document 14).
- the 'Home Address' option should include the following fields: (1) a field that identifies this option as a home 'address' option, and (2) a length indicating the size of this option. Field, and (3) Sender's home ⁇ Home address to specify address.
- the Mopile node From the broadcast message sent by the router that enables the present invention, the Mopile node then connects to the Mopile node in the binding update message sent by the Mopile node as shown below. You will be able to own your access router home address. This is only possible if the access-router enables the invention.
- Non-Patent Document 8 The Router Address option can be entered in the binding update message as defined in Mopile IP v6 (Non-Patent Document 7), and such an option should include the following fields: (1) This opsi
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of the network element device 100 capable of performing the above operation.
- the network element device 100 has an access unit 101 and a message creation unit 102.
- the network element device 100 has a global address uniquely assigned in the global network, and is currently connected to the access router A1 using this address. Then, when a roaming connection is made to an edge 'network that is different from the edge' network to which the device belongs, the following operation is performed.
- the access unit 101 uses the global address temporarily allocated to the network element device 100 from a higher station (not shown) of the global network to access the router AR 2. to access.
- the message creator 102 includes a network, a global address uniquely assigned to the element device 100, a global address temporarily assigned to the element device 100, and an access router which is a router before moving. Create a binding.update message containing the global address of AR1 and
- the access unit 101 sends the binding / update created by the message creating unit 1 to the access destination 2 router A R 2.
- the access' router AR 2 and subsequent relay nodes are Network Access before the movement of element device 0 ⁇
- the global address of the norator AR 1 can be obtained.
- bindings' entries should include at least the following three fields: (1) Home-including the mobile-node's home address. Address field, (2) care-of address including the care-of address of the mopile node, and (3) access-router-address.finoled, including the access router home address. These three buoy-nored houses can be extracted from the binding update message.
- FIG. 3 shows that the network element enabling the present invention updates its binding entry when it receives a binding-update message (abbreviated as BUM in the figure).
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an algorithm used in the last step.
- the entry in the home address field equivalent to the home address in the binding entry is searched for in the binding 'entry. If not found, a new entry is created, as indicated by the steps marked ST 102 and ST 103. Also, if the binding-update message does not contain a care-of address, or if the care-of address is the same as the home address, the sender of the binding-update will be in the home 'domain. It is assumed that the entry has been removed from the binding 'entry, as shown by the steps marked ST104, ST105 and ST106.
- the binding 'update' message contains the care-of address If so, the care-of address in the entry is updated to the care-of address specified in the binding update message, as indicated by the steps marked ST107. Also, if the binding update message contains the access router home address, as indicated by the steps marked ST108 and ST109, the Access ⁇ Router ⁇ Address ⁇ Field is updated. On the other hand, if the binding 'update' message does not include the access'router's home address, then the sender of the binding 'update' is said to be currently connected to an access router that does not allow the invention. Assuming, in this case, as shown in the step marked with ST110, the access ⁇ router address field is marked as invalid.
- the sender of the binding update can freely request the binding acknowledgment, so that the recipient of the binding update can notify the sender of the result of the update. It becomes.
- Valid access 'Router' Receiving a binding update containing address information If the receiver enabling the invention replies with a binding 'acknowledgement', the sender of the binding 'acknowledgement' An index must be set in the binding-acknowledgement in such a way that the recipient of the binding acknowledgment can infer that this enables the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such an indication may be achieved in a variety of ways, including, but not limited to, specific patterns of bit flags or bit streams of binding acknowledgments.
- the corresponding node or home' agent can build a routing header that is directly reachable by the mopile node.
- the routing 'header is first accessed by the bucket It can be built to be forwarded to the router's home address, and then to the care-of address of the Mopil ⁇ node. In this way, the bucket does not have to traverse the home domain of the mopile node, is intercepted by the home-agent, and is then forwarded to the mopile node at the care-of address.
- the packet will still follow a distant route, even if the routing header is used. This is because packets that are forwarded to the access router's home address are accessed because the access router is remote. ⁇ The router is routed to the router's home domain. The access router's home agent intercepts the packet and forwards the packet to the access router with the access's care-of address.
- ⁇ Router enables home ⁇ Agent and mopile, which enables the present invention.
- the access 'router enables the invention, the access-router's own home' address should be included in the binding 'update'. In order to avoid significant delays when the access router moves (if it can move), any mobile node that enables the present invention must use the binding.
- a list of both Home 'agents and corresponding nodes) should be maintained. Hereafter, this list will be called the pound 'hosts list'.
- the mopile node should notify the hosts on the list of bound hosts by sending a binding update to each host. Binding Updates to avoid triggering a binding update every time Should be shifted slightly between successive transmissions.
- any home that enables the present invention If the mobile 'node and access' routers that enable the present invention notify the host with a 'binding' update, any home that enables the present invention. It is possible to acquire sufficient knowledge on the network topology around the mopile. To do so, it is possible to use the following algorithm when constructing a routing header from the binding entry.
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an algorithm used by a network host when constructing a routing header for delivering a bucket directly to a mopile 'node.
- the binding entry is used recursively to get the care-of address of the mobile node and its access router, and the stack is used to store these addresses, and the routing header is When building, it is possible to reverse the address in the reverse order.
- a stack (last-in-first-out information storage structure) is used to help build the routing header.
- the stack is initialized to be empty, and further, as shown by the step denoted by ST 202, two temporary variables src and dst It is set to the address of the source of the packet (ie, the home 'agent or corresponding node sending the packet) and the destination address (ie, the home's address of the mopile' node ').
- the algorithm enters a loop of steps marked ST203 to ST209, in which the loop seeks an entry with a home address field equal to the value stored in dst. , Bindings' entries are searched.
- the loop exits as indicated by the steps marked ST203 and ST204, while the entry is found. If this is the case, the value in dst is checked to see if it is the mobile node's home address or not. (Only the first iteration of the loop gives the correct result. Should be). If it is confirmed that the value is the home address of the mopile node, if it is confirmed that the value is within dst as indicated by the steps denoted by ST204, ST205 and ST206. Is placed on the stack.
- the algorithm updates the value in dst stored in the care-of address found in the binding 'entry, as indicated by the step marked ST207.
- the Access Router address field of the binding 'entry is then checked to see if it contains a valid address. If it contains a valid address, the loop is repeated, as indicated by the steps marked ST 209 and ST 209.
- the contents of the dst field are also put on the stack, and a loop is exited if the access router field is invalid. Once out of the loop, the contents of the stack are pushed out in reverse order and added to the routing header, as indicated by the steps marked ST 211 and ST 211.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an algorithm executed by the router when the router intercepts a bucket transferred to one of the local networks connected to the router. This test 'sequence' can reduce the local network vulnerability to security threats.
- the router When a bucket is intercepted by a router, the router first determines whether the destination address is equal to its home address or its care-of address, as indicated by the steps marked ST301 and ST303. Check If the destination address is equal to the home address, the packet is consumed (used) as indicated by the step marked ST302. If the destination address is equal to the care-of address, the presence of the routing header is checked, as indicated by the step marked ST 304. Also, if the destination address is neither the home address nor the care-of address, the destination address is set in the local network connected to the router, as indicated by the step marked ST 305. A check is made to see if the address is valid. If the destination address is a valid address in the local network connected to the router, the packet is forwarded to its destination, as indicated by the step marked ST 311; otherwise, The packet is discarded, as indicated by the step marked ST 310.
- the existence of the routing header is checked, and if not, the packet is discarded as indicated by the step denoted by reference numeral ST310. Is done. Also, if the Routing 'header is present, the next address in the Routing. Header is checked to see if it is the last entry. If the next address in the routing header is not the last entry, the entry contains the bucket's end address. In other words, the destination address is a valid address in the local network connected to the router, as shown by the steps marked ST306, ST307, ST305.
- the router is re-checked for the following: ⁇ If the next address in the header is the last entry, as shown by the steps marked S 306 and S ⁇ 308, The last entry is checked to see if it is the router's home address. If it is the home address, then the packet is consumed (used), as indicated by the step marked S 309, otherwise, the code S ⁇ 310 The packet is discarded, as indicated by the steps described.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating the algorithm used by a mopile 'host (ie, a mobile node that is not functioning as a router), and the algorithm performed by the mopile node when it receives a bucket.
- the Ec processing is shown.
- the verification process described here can reduce the vulnerability of Mopile.nodes to security threats.
- the destination address is checked to determine whether it is the home address of the mopile node. If yes, the packet is consumed (used), as indicated by the step marked ST 406, otherwise, as indicated by the step marked ST 406 Next, the destination address is checked to see if it is the mobile node's care-of address. If the destination address is not the mobile * node's care-of address, the packet is discarded, as indicated by the step marked ST 407, while the destination address is the mobile-node's care-of address. If they are equal, the presence of the Routing 'header is checked.
- the routing header entry The rest is one, and that entry should be the home address of the Mopile ⁇ node. If any of these tests fails, the packet is discarded, as indicated by the steps marked ST 407, and if all tests are passed, The packet is consumed (used), as indicated by the steps marked ST 406.
- the packet may be discarded by ingress filtering. is there. Therefore, to avoid ingress 'filtering, the care-of address (an address that is topologically compatible with the address used in the foreign domain) is used as the source' address.
- the remote mobile node includes its home address in the header of the packet. So, in summary, whenever a distant mopile 'node sends a packet, it should note the care-of address in the bucket's source address and enter its home address in the bucket header as extra information.
- the mopile node If the mopile node is aware that the access router is what enables the present invention, it will not allow packets to tunnel between the access 'router and the access' router home agent. In addition, the access router can forward the bucket sent by the mopile node directly to the destination.
- This signal can be in any form, such as a bit or a special pattern of bit'streams. The presence of such a signal makes the invention possible because the sender of the packet requires the router to attempt to forward the bucket directly to the destination without using any packet tunneling or encapsulation techniques. And shown to the router. In the remainder of this document, this signal will be referred to as the "direct-forwarding-request". Intermediate routers can also override the direct transfer request signal if subsequent routers do not wish to attempt to forward the packet directly to the destination without using packet-tunneling or encapsulation techniques.
- the mobile router enabling the present invention intercepts this bucket and notices that the bucket has a direct transfer request in particular, the mobile router determines the source of the packet. Check that the address is a valid address from the network. If not, it means that there is at least one intermediate network element that does not allow the invention between the creator of this packet and the router itself, in which case the router will Cannot be executed. Next, the mobile router checks if the packet has a binding update with a particular destination. If so, the Mopile 'router' changes the source 'address to the care-of address and sends the packet to the destination. On the other hand, in other cases, the packet is force-puzzled and tunneled to the Mopile-Norerator home agent.
- Figure 7 shows the algorithm used by a router to process an outgoing bucket, i.e., a bucket issued by a node in the local network connected to the router to another host on the global data network. It is a flowchart which shows.
- the Mopile ⁇ router checks whether the packet is characterized by a direct transfer request.
- the source address in the packet is verified to be a valid address in the local router's network, as indicated by the step marked ST503.
- the specified destination is checked to see if the Mopile-Router has previously sent a binding update. If any of the three tests is a negative answer, the packet is forwarded to the home agent using tunneling, as indicated by the step marked ST505. Otherwise, the packet is forwarded directly, as indicated by the step marked ST506.
- the mopile 'router' modifies the 'packet' header, which enables the present invention, so that the source address is replaced by the care-of address.
- Bucket Inclusion of the home address of the mopile node sending the packet in the header provides one form of verification method.
- an attacker can forge a packet and forge home address information into the packet header. Therefore, the source address in the received packet indicates that the authorized sender of the present invention is enabled (the sender here is for the Mopile node with the specified home address). Access ⁇ It is very important that the receiver can confirm that it is a router. One way to do this is to check via the binding entry, which links the source address of the received packet to the home address entered in the bucket header. Is confirmed.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an algorithm of a process for confirming such a relationship.
- a network such as a home agent or corresponding node can be used. Indicates the verification process used by the host.
- the algorithm basically shown in the figure interrogates binding entries repeatedly to establish the relationship between source-address and home-address.
- the algorithm shown in this figure returns the Boolean value TRUE if the relationship is verifiable, otherwise returns the pool value FALSE.
- the variable temp is first initialized to store the home and end address specified in the bucket, as indicated by the step marked ST 601. Is done. After that, the algorithm enters a loop (a loop denoted by ST602 to ST607) to examine the binding entry in detail. First, verify that the value in temp matches the bucket's source address. Be forgotten.
- the algorithm returns TRUE, as indicated by the step marked ST 602; if they are not equal, the algorithm is denoted by the step marked ST 603
- an entry in the binding entry with a home 'address' field equal to the value stored in temp is searched. If nothing is found, the algorithm returns FALSE, as indicated by the step marked ST 604; if such an entry is found, marked ST 605.
- the source's address of the packet is compared to the discovered entry's care-of address ⁇ field, as shown in the steps performed. If the two are the same, the relationship is validated and the algorithm returns TRUE; otherwise, the access router of the discovered entry, as indicated by the step marked ST 606, is used.
- Address ⁇ Checks if the field contains a valid entry.
- the algorithm returns FALSE; if the access 'router' address-field is valid, the address in the access ⁇ router. Address ⁇ field is stored in temp, The loop is repeated, as indicated by the steps marked ST 607.
- the basic node enabling the present invention needs to execute the binding 'entry and the algorithm to update the binding' entry as shown in FIG.
- it contains special information that allows the recipient of the binding acknowledgment to recognize that information about the access router's home address in the corresponding binding's update message will be accepted.
- the binding acknowledgment should be characterized.
- the node enabling the present invention executes an algorithm for checking the source address of the received bucket as shown in FIG.
- the mopile .node that enables the present invention The basic node enabling the present invention needs to implement an algorithm for constructing a routing header as shown in FIG.
- the node that enables the present invention includes a binding, an update, an access to which the sender of the message is connected, a binding having attached information on the home address of the router, and an update. After that, it will start forwarding packets to the aforementioned sender through a specific access router.
- any bucket sent from a node enabling the present invention will have one of the following features: (1) The packet described above has a source address field set to the access home address of the router, and includes only the care-of address and home address of the sender of the binding update. (2) The bucket described above has an access field, a source address field set to the router's home address, and a binding as the first entry. A routing header containing the care-of address of the sender of the above mentioned update date is appended.
- the above-mentioned access router should also transmit a binding update including its care-of address to the same node that enables the same invention for the binding update, and is sent from the node that enables the present invention.
- the bucket has one of the following features: (1) The aforementioned bucket has a source 'address' field set to the access router's care-of address, and a binding update. The routing header containing only the sender's care-of address and home address of the above-mentioned force attached to the header ⁇ (2) The aforementioned packet is the source address set to the access router's care-of address.
- the aforementioned packet is accompanied by a routing header that contains the binding 'update and access'router's aforementioned sender and access router's care-of address. Where the access router's care-of address is just before the aforementioned sender's care-of address for the binding update.
- the mopile nodes that enable the invention include, in addition to those functions described for the basic nodes that enable the invention, the ability to insert forwarding requests directly into the bucket, and the binding Updates must be implemented in the message, including its access and the ability to enter the router's home address. If the mopile 'node does not function as a mopile' router, an algorithm to check the input bucket as shown in Figure 6 must also be implemented.
- the Mopile-to-Router enabling the present invention in addition to what is specified in the Mopile Node enabling the present invention, as described in FIG. 7, requires a local 'network (ie, It must perform the function of checking packets from the internal network side interface (ingress interface) of the aforementioned norator.
- routers must perform security checks on incoming packets, such as external network-side egress interfaces, as shown in Figure 5.
- the node enabling the present invention simply receives the packet containing the transfer request signal directly from its internal network side interface, and then simply replaces the source address of the aforementioned bucket with its own care-of address or home address. By changing to the address, it is possible to forward the packet.
- the router enabling the present invention binds to the specified destination with an 'update. It is also possible to send a message.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a method for providing global connectivity to a roaming 'network used in internetworking of a packet switched data communication network, wherein said network' element on said communication network is a primary global network. Address is uniquely assigned so that the network element can be reached wherever it roams in the communications network, while the roaming network element is a single access router During the period of being connected to the network, the network roaming on the communication network is allocated a temporary global address to the element, whereby the roaming network element is connected to the global data communication network. Access Sending a binding update message from the element to the roaming 'network ⁇ element to one or more other networks' elements, wherein the binding update message comprises the primary global message.
- a second aspect of the present invention is the method of providing global connectivity to the roaming network used in the internetworking of the bucket-switched data communication network, the method comprising: The network element in the internetworking of the switched data communication network is the roaming network; the element is connected to the access; the main global address of the router is bound; the update message is entered; To make the binding 'up Dating ⁇ Adding data ⁇ Format to the message, wherein the data format includes: (i) The data format includes the primary global address of the access router to which the sender is connected. (Ii) a length field that allows the length of the data format to be specified; and (iii) a length field of the access router to which the sender is connected. An access router address field containing the primary global address.
- a third aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network used in said internetworking of said packet switched data communication network, wherein said packet switched data communication network comprises: Adding said data format to said advertisement message to introduce said access 'router power' its main global address into the 'advertisement' message in said internetworking of the communication network;
- the data ⁇ format is: (i) a type field enabling the data ⁇ format to be identified as including the primary global address of the sender; and (ii) the data format. Length Feel Identifiable And (iii) an access router including the main global address of the sender.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for providing global connectivity to a roaming network used between a plurality of networks and elements in a packet switched data communication network, One of the network elements is roaming in the internetworking of the packet-switched communication network, and (i) the roaming 'network' element is transmitted to another network element in a predetermined manner. Including a primary global address and a temporary global address additionally assigned to the roaming network element to be transmitted. Allowing the receiving network element to associate the described temporary global address with the described primary global address; and further comprising the roaming-network element. Sends the binding 'update' message containing the primary global address of the currently connected access router, and (ii) the roaming network-element from the recipient of the binding update message.
- a binding acknowledgment message, and the binding update message includes the binding update information, and information on acceptance or rejection of the message. That the sender of the binding 'acknowledgement' message can understand and take appropriate action with respect to including the primary global address of the access router in the message.
- a method including a step of including information indicating that the receiver has a function of notifying a recipient of the binding update.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is a method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming 'network, wherein said network' entity receives a Binding Update message and said network entity
- the binding update message can be recorded in a binding entry, wherein the binding entry has the following fields: (i) the roaming network element's primary global ' ( ⁇ ) the care-of address containing the temporary global 'address of the roaming' network 'element ⁇ field; and (iii) the mouthing' network element is connected.
- access routers' addresses ⁇ Fi one field containing the major global Adoresu of the access router is a method composed of.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing the global connectivity to the roaming network, wherein the network entity receives the binding update message.
- the network updates the binding entry; and (i) the binding entry is updated by the home's equivalent to the primary global address described in the received binding update message.
- the sender of the If it does not include information about the temporary global 'address, the received binding.
- Update ⁇ The binding with the home' address 'field equal to the primary global' address specified in the message.
- the received binding update message is set to the temporary global 'address described in the message, and (V) if present, the access ⁇ router' address ⁇ field of the entry is set to the binding 'Update ⁇ Set to the access' the primary global address of the router' described in the message, and (vi) Setting the access router's address field of the entry to invalid if the bindings 'update' message taken does not include information about the primary global address of the access router. is there.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing the global connectivity to the roaming 'network, wherein the network element includes a routing header added to a data bucket. Constructing, and the routing header is used to instruct the network element, the destination of which is indicated by the destination address described in the bucket, to transfer to another destination, ( i) emptying the last-in-first-art data structure to initialize temporary variables to store the main global address of the final destination of the packet; and (ii) in the binding-entry. In the home's address of the entry, fino redo is the same as stored in the temporary variable described above.
- An eighth aspect of the present invention is a method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network, wherein said network comprises: for said destination described in a bucket; The method further comprises the step of: inputting a unique signal on the data packet to make a request to the access router to which the network element is connected so that the element can directly transfer the data bucket. Is the way.
- a ninth aspect of the present invention is a method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network, wherein said continuous connection to said destination described in a data bucket is provided. Disabling the wake-up signal on the data bucket as defined in the above manner such that an intermediate router does not forward the data bucket directly.
- a tenth aspect of the present invention is a method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming 'network, wherein said element is an intermediate network in said internetworking of a packet switched data communication network.
- Data received from the network-side interface. ⁇ Performs bucket processing, and the intermediate network element includes one or more local data communication networks of its internal network-side interface and its external network-side interface. (I) the intermediate network; (2) the element is a packet exchange data communication network, and the element is a packet exchange data communication network; If roaming is not performed in the King, the received bucket is transferred,
- the source address described in the receiving bucket is the same as the row of the internal network interface of the intermediate network element. If it is not a valid address in the network, the specific network element will extract the original data packet from the newly created bucket and forward it to the destination, iv) the packet-switched data communication network For transmission to a particular network element in internetworking, the received packet is encapsulated in another newly created packet, wherein the intermediate network element is a packet switched data communication network. If the roaming in the internetworking is performed and the temporary global address is assigned, the destination address described in the received packet is included in the binding.update 'message by the intermediate network element.
- the binding.update message does not include the primary global 'address of the intermediate network' element and the current temporary global 'address, the specific network' The element will extract the original data 'packet from the newly created packet and forward it to the destination, and (V) the intermediate network element will If the temporary packet is allocated in the network when the temporary packet address is allocated, the received packet includes the unique signal, and the source described in the received bucket is transmitted.
- the address is the intermediate network
- the interface on the internal network side of the element The destination address described in the received packet is an address valid in the local-network of the chair, and the binding-update message by the intermediate network element beforehand is included in the intermediate network-element.
- the binding update including the primary global address and the current temporary global address of the source network address of the received packet, if sent in the message. A temporary global dress, and then transferring the received bucket to the destination described above.
- An eleventh aspect of the present invention is a method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming 'network, wherein said intermediate network' element power in said internetworking of a bucket exchange data communication network.
- a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network for sending data packets including routing headers, said binding gap date.
- the source address of the data packet is set to be the main global address of the access router, and (ii) the routing 'header is set to the binding.update' message. Only the temporary global and primary global addresses of the sender
- a method comprising the step of setting to include.
- a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network for sending buckets of data including routing headers, said binding update message.
- a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network for sending a data bucket including a routing header, wherein said binding The primary global router of the access router to which the sender of the message is connected.
- ⁇ Update ⁇ The method used after successful receipt of the message, wherein (i) the source address of the data packet is set to be the primary global address of the access router. (Ii) setting the routing header to include only the temporary global address and the primary global address of the sender of the first binding update message. It is a method to have.
- a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the above-described method for providing the global connectivity to the roaming network for sending a bucket containing data including a routing header, wherein the binding gap
- the access to which the sender of the message is connected ⁇ after successful reception of the first binding update message, including the primary global address of the router, and by the access router A second binding update to be transmitted and including the temporary global address of the access norator ⁇ a method to be used after successful receipt of the message, comprising:
- the source address is the temporary global address of the access router.
- the routing header is set to include, as an initial entry, the temporary global address of the sender of the first binding update message.
- the method comprises the steps of:
- a sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the method as described above for providing said global connectivity to said roaming network for sending buckets of data including a routing header, said binding update message.
- the sender is connected to the first connection containing the primary global address of the router.
- the routing 'header includes, as a first entry, the temporary global address of the sender of the first binding update message and the temporary global address of the access router. Global-address and including in the routing header the first binding update.
- the temporary A method comprising the step of setting an address to appear.
- a seventeenth aspect of the present invention is the above-mentioned method for providing the global connectivity to the roaming network, wherein the network element is a roaming device in the internetworking of a communication network. Then, it functions as a router that bridges between one or more local data communication networks of the internal network side interface and the internetworking of the packet switching data communication network of the external network side output interface. After receiving the data bucket containing the unique signal from its internal network side interface, (i) changing the address of the data bucket to its temporary global address; (Ii) The external network interface It is a method that has a stearate-up to transfer data 'packet.
- an eighteenth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus used in a network element used in internetworking of a bucket exchange data communication network defined by the above-described method, comprising: ) A method as defined above, using said binding entry, (ii) a method as defined above, for updating the binding entry, (iii) entering instructions in the binding acknowledgment message, By the presence of such instructions, For the recipient of the binding-acknowledgement-message, the sender can understand the binding update and take appropriate action to include the key global address of the access router in the message. (Iv) the above-mentioned method of checking the data 'the source of the bucket' address, which makes it possible to notify that the data is available, and (V) the construction of a routing header.
- An apparatus having means for realizing the above-described method.
- a nineteenth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus used in a network element used in internetworking of a bucket exchange data communication network defined by the method described above, wherein the network element Are roaming in said internetworking of the telecommunications network and have the following (i) the above defined method of using said binding entry, (ii) the above defined method of updating said binding entry, (Iii) An instruction is inserted into the binding acknowledgment message, and the presence of this instruction allows the sender to understand the receiver of the binding acknowledgment message, and the binding up Access to date messages.
- a method as defined above which will allow notification that the appropriate action can be taken to include the primary glow panorama and end dress, (iv) checking the source address of the data bucket in the above (V) Routing 'Constructing a header, a method defined above; ( Vi ) The network ⁇ For the access' router to which the element is connected, the data is described in the data' packet. (Vii) in the binding / update message, the method described in the above, in which a signal requesting the direct transfer of the data and the bucket to the destination is provided. The primary global address of the access router to which it is connected Hand for implementing the method, which becomes apparent in the to enter An apparatus having a step.
- an apparatus used in a network element used in internetworking of a bucket exchange data communication network defined by the method described above, wherein the network element Is roaming in said internetworking of the telecommunications network, bridging one or more local data communication networks of its internal network side interface with the internetworking of the packet switched data communication network of its external network side interface.
- the present invention allows hosts in the Internet Ping of a packet-switched data network to use existing solutions that provide global connectivity to Mopile hosts, extending these solutions, Provides global connectivity to networks that change attachment points.
- packets between moving networks can be delivered to the intended destination with minimal delay, and furthermore, the verification method provided by the present invention Through the use of, network-elements can reduce the security threats to which they are exposed.
- the present invention can be applied to transmission of packets in internetworking of a bucket exchange data communication network.
- the disclosed invention addresses the problem of providing network connectivity to nodes that periodically change points of contact with the global data communications network.
- the invention can also be viewed as an enhancement of existing solutions to provide global connectivity to roaming hosts.
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Abstract
Description
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EP03754176A EP1553734A4 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-20 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ROUTING CONNECTION IN A GLOBAL NETWORK |
US10/531,206 US7508828B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-20 | Method and device for roaming-connection in global network |
AU2003273044A AU2003273044A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-20 | Method and device for roaming-connection in global network |
US12/368,860 US8064430B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2009-02-10 | Network element apparatus and intermediate router apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP3887640B2 (ja) | 2007-02-28 |
EP1553734A1 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
JPWO2004036841A1 (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
CN1706159A (zh) | 2005-12-07 |
EP1553734A4 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
US20090147789A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
AU2003273044A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
US8064430B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
US7508828B2 (en) | 2009-03-24 |
US20060062214A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
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