WO2004003612A1 - Coupage de fibres optiques - Google Patents

Coupage de fibres optiques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004003612A1
WO2004003612A1 PCT/GB2003/002671 GB0302671W WO2004003612A1 WO 2004003612 A1 WO2004003612 A1 WO 2004003612A1 GB 0302671 W GB0302671 W GB 0302671W WO 2004003612 A1 WO2004003612 A1 WO 2004003612A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibre
laser
discontinuity
optical
cleaving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2003/002671
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Watte
Kris Naessens
Roeland Baets
Peter Van Daele
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv
Tyco Electronics Uk Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv, Tyco Electronics Uk Ltd filed Critical Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv
Priority to AU2003240131A priority Critical patent/AU2003240131A1/en
Publication of WO2004003612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004003612A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cleaving optical fibres and in particular concerns improvements to laser cleaving methods.
  • Carbon dioxide lasers are often used for cleaving (cutting) optical silica fibres.
  • carbon dioxide laser light having a wave length of 10.6 ⁇ m is focussed on the surface of a fibre or an array of fibres to be cut .
  • the energy density of the focussed laser light is sufficient to cause local melting of the fibre.
  • Mechanical cleaver methods can be used for applications where a flat end face is required. These methods generally comprise the steps of forming a small surface indentation or scratch in the fibre using a cutting tool such as a scriber wheel and then creating a stress field to propagate a crack through the fibre from the surface discontinuity so formed. This can be implemented by tensioning the fibre or fibres along the axis of the fibre with the fibre supported on both sides of the cleave.
  • Mechanical cleaver methods often lack precision and since they are essentially non- automated processes quality is substantially dependent upon the skill of the operator. In addition, it is usually necessary to re-position the scriber wheel or other cutting tool after a relatively low number of surface cutting operations.
  • the method according to this aspect of the invention provides a high precision cleaving method in which a surface discontinuity or cleave is formed by a non-contact laser cutter.
  • a surface discontinuity or cleave is formed by a non-contact laser cutter.
  • fibre cleaving By focussing the laser on adjacent fibres arranged in a side-by-side relation in a fibre array fibre cleaving according to the above method can be readily implemented in an automated production environments.
  • the propagation of the cleave can be directed by applying tensile and/or compressive forces to the fibre in a predetermined way. This readily enables the quality (flatness) and precision of the cut end face to be improved.
  • the fibre(s) are pre- tensioned during ablation so that the cleave propagates in a plane perpendicular to the fibre axis.
  • the surface discontinuity is formed by laser light having an energy density less than a threshold value at which the fibre will crack.
  • the present inventors have found that when the energy density of the laser light is greater than the threshold value for the fibre, facet shape and morphology is difficult to control.
  • the threshold value is 10 J/cm 2 .
  • the energy density of the laser light is much less than 10 J/cm 2 , preferably less than 5 J/cm 2 and typically less than 2 J/cm 2 .
  • the laser light has a wavelength in the range of UN light, typically 100 to 400 nm. In preferred embodiments the laser has a wavelength in the range of 150 to 300 nm. In this way the laser light can be more precisely focussed than CO 2 laser light having a wavelength of 10.6 ⁇ m. This readily enables the energy to be more readily concentrated along the line of the surface indentation to be formed such that the indentation has a more acute geometry suitable for subsequent crack propagation through the optical fibre material.
  • the laser light is generated by an excimer laser.
  • the excimer laser is an ArF laser (248nm) or a KrF laser (193nm) and preferably the laser is a pulsed laser.
  • the excimer laser readily enables relatively small surface indentations to be formed when pulsed laser light is focussed onto a fibre or a fibre array. It is preferred that the pulse duration is substantially about 16 ns. Laser ablations of silica using UN laser light minimises the likelihood of melting and in preferred embodiments UN wavelengths of 150nm or less are preferred since this more closely matches the band gap of silica.
  • the surface discontinuity comprises a slit which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fibre. This readily enables the fibre to be cleaved in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fibre.
  • the slit may be formed by a laser mask having a correspondingly shaped slit which is positioned between the laser generator generating the laser light and the fibre or fibres being cleaved.
  • the cleave is propagated through the fibre by clamping the fibre on each side of the surface indentation or slit formed in the surface so that tensile stresses induced in the fibre(s) are concentrated at the discontinuity resulting in propagation of a cleave through the remaining cross- section of the fibre. In this way the direction of the cleave propagation can be readily controlled.
  • a plurality of optical fibres are arranged side-by- side in an array (ribbon) and cleaved simultaneously either by focussing the laser light in the form of a slit extending across all the fibres or by moving the field of the projection lens over the array of fibres during the laser ablation step.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser cleaving system suitable for use in the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section view of an optical fibre showing the propagation of laser light rays across the fibre.
  • the laser generator generates laser light in the UN spectrum and in one embodiment comprises an ArF pulsed excimer laser having a wavelength of 193nm and in a further embodiment a KrF pulsed excimer laser having a wavelength of 248nm.
  • the laser generator is controlled by a suitable processor 24, for example a micro-processor which also controls the movement of a high precision three axis table 26 on which the fibre(s) are mounted.
  • a suitable processor 24 for example a micro-processor which also controls the movement of a high precision three axis table 26 on which the fibre(s) are mounted.
  • pulsed laser light from the laser generator 12 is focused onto a fibre or fibre array 16 mounted on the processor controlled table 26.
  • An off-axis camera means 28 is provided so that the profile of the focused beam of laser light on the fibre or fibre array can be monitored, and adjusted if necessary.
  • the laser light beam on the surface of the fibre corresponds to the shape of the slit in the slit mask which is arranged so that the laser light beam is in the form of a slit which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fibre.
  • the slit beam focused on the fibre(s) typically has a width of 5 ⁇ m and a length of 120 ⁇ m or less.
  • the laser light beam may extend over several fibres in the array depending on the energy density of the light beam.
  • the field of the projection lens can be moved over an array of fibres during the firing of the excimer laser pulses. The duration of the pulses is typically about 16ns.
  • the energy density of the laser light on the surface of the fibre(s) is predetermined and lower than the energy density threshold value which would otherwise cause the fibre to crack.
  • the threshold energy density is 10 J/cm 2 .
  • the laser light beam produces a precision scratch or discontinuity in the surface of the optical fibre with the shape of the discontinuity corresponding to that of the laser light beam as determined by the slit mask 20.
  • the curvature of the fibre acts as a lens and focuses the incoming light on the opposite side of the fibre. This results in the energy density of the laser beam being higher on one side of the fibre in comparison with the other (upper and lower facets).
  • the surface of a ceramic material such as an optic fibre has intrinsic defects and therefore laser ablation of the fibre preferentially occurs on the lower side (to the bottom of the drawing in Figure 2) where the laser light rays 30 are focused by the fibre.
  • Tensile stress is induced in the fibre by clamping the fibre on each side of the discontinuity. Once the fibre has been tensioned laser ablation occurs, so that a surface discontinuity is formed on one side of the fibre. The resultant tensile stress is concentrated at the discontinuity. This causes the fibre to fracture by propagation of a crack through the fibre in the plane of the discontinuity pe ⁇ endicular to the longitudinal direction of the fibre. In this respect by inducing an appropriate stress pattern in the fibre (or set of fibres), the fibre can be cut along the line of the surface discontinuity formed by laser ablation resulting in a flat end face where the fibre is cut.
  • the above-described method provides a smooth flat end face where the fibre is cut (cleaved) in a highly precise and controllable manner.
  • the above method may be used in many applications including the assembly and manufacture of components comprising optical fibres, in the termination of fibre interconnects, particularly advanced interconnects such as type OFX, and also in the cleaving of ribbons of fibres, for example.
  • A. Perpendicular cleaves According to prior art, the necessary tension profile to create a perpendicular cleave can be induced in the fiber clamped at two points according to Figure 3 of the drawings on either side of a point on the fibre surface where the incision in the fiber should be made (see insert in Fig. 3).
  • the improvement according to a preferred form of the present invention is to provide a slit in the anvil that bends the fibre (see Fig. 7(a)), so that UN laser light that falls onto the fiber through the slit can be focussed by the fiber acting as a cylindrical lens onto point on the fibre surface remote from the light source where preferentially the incision in the fiber should be made.
  • Fi ⁇ l shows tension components due to bend deformation of the fiber to create a perpendicular cleave.
  • Mechanical tensioning of the fiber similar to that shown in Fig. 3 may the be used to create a tension profile guiding the crack propagation.
  • Fig. 4 there are 3 stress components in the fiber creating respectively tensile stress, a bending moment and a shear stress component. Creating this mechanical deformation in combination with selectively ablating the fiber at point 31 creates perpendicular cleaves.
  • the anvil/slit configuration is preferably made in another way.
  • Fig. 7(a) shows the anvil/slit configuration for perpendicular cleaves as aforementioned.
  • the laser light falls perpendicular to the fiber axis, so that the cleave facet will look slightly curved at the location where the silica is ablated by the laser.
  • Fig. 7(c) shows the cleave facet at an angle (alpha) to the fibre axis.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de coupage de fibres optiques consistant à former une discontinuité sur la surface de la fibre optique par ablation au laser. La discontinuité se présente, de préférence sous forme d'une petite fente s'étendant perpendiculaire au sens longitudinal de la fibre. On applique par la suite des forces de traction et/ou de compression sur la fibre de manière que la concentration de contrainte apparaissant au niveau de la discontinuité fasse en sorte que la coupure ou la fissure se propage à travers la fibre sur un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe de la fibre de manière qu'une face terminale plate et lisse soit obtenue sur l'extrémité de la fibre coupée. Le procédé garantit un coupage très précis de fibres et se prête à une utilisation dans des opérations de coupage automatisées.
PCT/GB2003/002671 2002-06-28 2003-06-20 Coupage de fibres optiques WO2004003612A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003240131A AU2003240131A1 (en) 2002-06-28 2003-06-20 Optical fibre cleaving

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0215000.1 2002-06-28
GB0215000A GB0215000D0 (en) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Optical fibre cleaving

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004003612A1 true WO2004003612A1 (fr) 2004-01-08

Family

ID=9939487

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2003/002671 WO2004003612A1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-20 Coupage de fibres optiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2003240131A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0215000D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004003612A1 (fr)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102107331A (zh) * 2011-01-05 2011-06-29 中南大学 光纤定位切割方法及其装置
US8616501B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2013-12-31 Airbus Operations Gmbh Pre-installed adaptable supply network for aeroplanes
US8696215B1 (en) 2012-10-15 2014-04-15 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adhesive compositions including partially cross-linked resins and coupling agents and methods for use thereof
US8702322B1 (en) 2013-06-03 2014-04-22 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical connector with adhesive material
US8755654B1 (en) 2013-05-10 2014-06-17 Corning Cable Systems Llc Coating removal systems for optical fibers
US8753021B1 (en) 2013-02-12 2014-06-17 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adhesives for securing optical fibers to ferrules of optical connectors and methods for use thereof
US8764314B2 (en) 2012-06-15 2014-07-01 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber and composite inorganic ferrule assemblies and methods
US8840318B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2014-09-23 Corning Cable Systems Llc Ferrule with stress-isolation feature
US8985866B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2015-03-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc Simultaneous thermal forming of ferrule and optical fiber in a ferrule assembly to thermally form an optical surface in the ferrule assembly, and related fiber optic components, fiber connectors, assemblies, and methods
US9039295B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2015-05-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adhesive compositions including partially cross-linked resins and thermoset resins and methods for use thereof
US9052469B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2015-06-09 Corning Cable Systems Llc Preterminated fiber optic connector sub-assemblies, and related fiber optic connectors, cable assemblies, and methods
US9085047B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2015-07-21 Corning Optical Communications LLC Coating removal systems for optical fibers
US9089931B1 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-07-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc Systems and methods for laser cleaving optical fibers
US9205610B1 (en) 2012-09-17 2015-12-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Head-on laser shaping of optical surfaces of optical fibers, and related assemblies and methods
US9205609B1 (en) 2011-12-21 2015-12-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Laser cutting and polishing methods for optical fibers and fibers resulting
US9568686B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2017-02-14 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical connector and ferrule adhesion system including adhesive composition, and related methods
US9588303B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2017-03-07 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical connector with adhesive material
CN106646745A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-10 中国兵器装备研究院 一种光纤切割方法
WO2017172676A1 (fr) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Corning Optical Communications LLC Appareil de clivage de fibre optique compact et procédés utilisant un système laser à micropuce
US9791637B2 (en) 2014-04-21 2017-10-17 Corning Optical Communications LLC Methods of terminating one or more optical fibers
US9880362B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2018-01-30 Corning Optical Communications LLC Methods of securing one or more optical fibers to a ferrule
WO2019089223A1 (fr) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Procédés et systèmes pour clivage laser de fibres optiques
EP3926375A1 (fr) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-22 Corning Research & Development Corporation Clivage et polissage laser de fibres optiques dopées
US11327242B2 (en) 2019-11-27 2022-05-10 Corning Research & Development Corporation Optical fiber connector assembly with ferrule microhole interference fit and related methods
US11640031B2 (en) 2020-05-27 2023-05-02 Corning Research & Development Corporation Laser-cleaving of an optical fiber array with controlled cleaving angle
US11774676B2 (en) 2020-05-27 2023-10-03 Corning Research & Development Corporation Laser-cleaving of an optical fiber array with controlled cleaving angle

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Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8616501B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2013-12-31 Airbus Operations Gmbh Pre-installed adaptable supply network for aeroplanes
CN102107331A (zh) * 2011-01-05 2011-06-29 中南大学 光纤定位切割方法及其装置
US9205609B1 (en) 2011-12-21 2015-12-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Laser cutting and polishing methods for optical fibers and fibers resulting
US8764314B2 (en) 2012-06-15 2014-07-01 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber and composite inorganic ferrule assemblies and methods
US9268101B2 (en) 2012-06-15 2016-02-23 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber and composite inorganic ferrule assemblies
US8985866B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2015-03-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc Simultaneous thermal forming of ferrule and optical fiber in a ferrule assembly to thermally form an optical surface in the ferrule assembly, and related fiber optic components, fiber connectors, assemblies, and methods
US9205610B1 (en) 2012-09-17 2015-12-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Head-on laser shaping of optical surfaces of optical fibers, and related assemblies and methods
US9039295B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2015-05-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adhesive compositions including partially cross-linked resins and thermoset resins and methods for use thereof
US8840318B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2014-09-23 Corning Cable Systems Llc Ferrule with stress-isolation feature
US9733435B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2017-08-15 Corning Optical Communications LLC Methods for securing an optical fiber to a ferrule and optical connectors formed by such methods
US8696215B1 (en) 2012-10-15 2014-04-15 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adhesive compositions including partially cross-linked resins and coupling agents and methods for use thereof
US9568686B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2017-02-14 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical connector and ferrule adhesion system including adhesive composition, and related methods
US9880362B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2018-01-30 Corning Optical Communications LLC Methods of securing one or more optical fibers to a ferrule
US8753021B1 (en) 2013-02-12 2014-06-17 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adhesives for securing optical fibers to ferrules of optical connectors and methods for use thereof
US9089931B1 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-07-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc Systems and methods for laser cleaving optical fibers
US9052469B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2015-06-09 Corning Cable Systems Llc Preterminated fiber optic connector sub-assemblies, and related fiber optic connectors, cable assemblies, and methods
US9151905B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2015-10-06 Corning Optical Communications LLC Preterminated fiber optic connector sub-assemblies, and related fiber optic connectors, cable assemblies, and methods
US8755654B1 (en) 2013-05-10 2014-06-17 Corning Cable Systems Llc Coating removal systems for optical fibers
US9085047B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2015-07-21 Corning Optical Communications LLC Coating removal systems for optical fibers
US9541705B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2017-01-10 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fibers having coatings removed therefrom and related methods
US9588303B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2017-03-07 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical connector with adhesive material
US9835805B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2017-12-05 Corning Optical Communications LLC Method of forming an optical connector
US8702322B1 (en) 2013-06-03 2014-04-22 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical connector with adhesive material
US10094984B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2018-10-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Method of forming an optical connector
US9128254B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2015-09-08 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical connector with adhesive material
US9791637B2 (en) 2014-04-21 2017-10-17 Corning Optical Communications LLC Methods of terminating one or more optical fibers
CN106646745A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-10 中国兵器装备研究院 一种光纤切割方法
WO2017172676A1 (fr) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Corning Optical Communications LLC Appareil de clivage de fibre optique compact et procédés utilisant un système laser à micropuce
US10520674B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2019-12-31 Corning Optical Communications LLC Compact optical fiber cleaving apparatus and methods using a microchip laser system
WO2019089223A1 (fr) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Procédés et systèmes pour clivage laser de fibres optiques
US11256039B2 (en) 2017-10-31 2022-02-22 Corning Optical Communications LLC Methods and systems for laser cleaving optical fibers
US11327242B2 (en) 2019-11-27 2022-05-10 Corning Research & Development Corporation Optical fiber connector assembly with ferrule microhole interference fit and related methods
US11640031B2 (en) 2020-05-27 2023-05-02 Corning Research & Development Corporation Laser-cleaving of an optical fiber array with controlled cleaving angle
US11774676B2 (en) 2020-05-27 2023-10-03 Corning Research & Development Corporation Laser-cleaving of an optical fiber array with controlled cleaving angle
EP3926375A1 (fr) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-22 Corning Research & Development Corporation Clivage et polissage laser de fibres optiques dopées

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Publication number Publication date
GB0215000D0 (en) 2002-08-07
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