Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H39/00—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution
  • F16H39/04—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit
  • F16H39/06—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type
  • F16H39/08—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders
  • F16H39/10—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders with cylinders arranged around, and parallel or approximately parallel to the main axis of the gearing
  • F16H39/14—Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders with cylinders arranged around, and parallel or approximately parallel to the main axis of the gearing with cylinders carried in rotary cylinder blocks or cylinder-bearing members
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
  • F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
  • F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
  • F16H47/04—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission and a power transmission device that can be widely used in various industrial fields such as industrial machines and vehicles.
• a first hydraulic device having a swash plate with which the first plunger abuts
• a second hydraulic device having a swash plate with which the second plunger contacts.
• the first and second plunger holes for accommodating the first and second plungers are formed in one cylinder hook, and the hydraulic closed circuit connecting the first and second plunger holes is formed in the cylinder hook.
• a distribution valve hole for accommodating a distribution valve for switching a flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the circuit is formed in the cylinder block, and has a shaft passing through the cylinder block. Then, the shaft and the cylinder block rotate synchronously, the first and second plunger holes are respectively formed in parallel with the shaft, and the swash plate of the second hydraulic device is rotatably supported around the shaft. ing.
• the first and second plungers are urged toward the swash plate side by springs provided in the corresponding first and second plunger holes, and the swash plate of the first hydraulic device supports the shaft.
• the swash plate of the second hydraulic device is supported by the outer ring of the second thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing that supports the shaft, and used for the first and second thrust / radial
• the axial movement of the inner ring of the bearing with respect to the shaft is restricted.
• a first restricting member having a surface parallel to the side surface of the inner ring of the first thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing and separated from the side surface of the inner ring by a small distance
• a second thrust member It is desirable to have a second regulating member having a surface parallel to the side surface of the inner ring of the radial dual-purpose bearing and separated from the side surface of the inner ring by a small distance.
• the distribution valve hole is disposed in parallel with the axis, closer to the axis than the slider hole, and an oil passage connecting the plunger hole and the distribution valve hole. Is preferably formed in the radial direction. In the continuously variable transmission according to the embodiment, it is preferable that the distribution valve hole is formed so as to be parallel to the axis and to penetrate the cylinder hook. In the continuously variable transmission according to the embodiment, a high-pressure oil chamber and a low-pressure oil chamber are juxtaposed in the cylinder block along the axial direction so as to be closer to the shaft than the first and second plunger holes.
• a spline portion is formed on the shaft, the shaft is fitted to the cylinder block at the spline portion, and the low-pressure oil chamber communicates with a spline portion of the shaft.
• the outer peripheral surface of the swash plate of the second hydraulic device is cut using a line perpendicular to the swash plate surface of the swash plate as a first processing center axis, and the center line of the shaft is formed as a processing center.
• a line parallel to the center line of the axis and offset to the side where the interval between the swash plate surface and the surface on the opposite side to the swash plate surface is narrowed is defined as a second machining center axis. Desirably, it is formed by cutting.
• a device that transmits or cuts off power to the shaft, a rotational force of a swash plate of the second hydraulic device, and a swash plate of the second hydraulic device It is also possible to constitute a power transmission device from a plate and a device that outputs rotation in the same or opposite direction.
• FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a left side portion of the continuously variable transmission.
• FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a right side portion of the continuously variable transmission.
• Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder block of the continuously variable transmission.
• Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram of the power transmission device.
• FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing opening timing of ports by the first switching valve and the second switching valve.
• 7 (a) and 7 (b) are explanatory views of a manufacturing process of the first yoke member.
• 8 (a) and 8 (b) are explanatory views of a manufacturing process of the first yoke member.
• 9 (a) and 9 (b) are explanatory views of a manufacturing process of the first yoke member.
• 10 (a) and 10 (b) are explanatory views of a manufacturing process of the first yoke member.
• FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the operation of the continuously variable transmission.
• FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the operation of the continuously variable transmission.
• Figure 13 is a plan view of the shift lever
• Fig. 14 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between stroke volume and output speed.
• FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a power transmission device 400 including a continuously variable transmission 20.
• the input shaft 21 of the continuously variable transmission 20 is connected to the crankshaft of the engine 22 via a clutch mechanism 300.
• a gear shift device 150 (CST) is connected to the yoke 23 located on the output side of the continuously variable transmission 20.
• the clutch mechanism 300 is not shown, for example! / Connected and disconnected in conjunction with the foot clutch pedal.
• the gear shift device 150 has an output shaft 150 for transmitting a driving torque to a final reduction gear (not shown). Further, the gear shift device 150 has a forward clutch 1 connected to the output shaft 15.5. 52, reverse clutch 1 53, and gear train.
• the drive clutch plate of the forward clutch 152 has a gear 151 coupled to the output gear 24.
• the output gear 24, the gear 15 1, and the forward clutch 15 2 are connected from the yoke 23.
• the drive torque is transmitted to the final reduction gear via the output shaft 155.
• the output gear 24 is connected to a gear 160 via an idler gear 156, an idler gear 157 having a common axis with the idler gear 156, and an intermediate gear 159.
• the gear 160 is connected to the drive clutch plate of the reverse clutch 153.
• the reverse clutch 15 3 is connected by operating the shift lever 14 6, the output gear 24, idler gears 15 6, 15 7, intermediate gear 15 9, gear 1 Via 60 and output shaft 1 5 5 to the final reduction gear Drive torque is transmitted.
• the engine 22 corresponds to a prime mover
• the clutch mechanism 300 corresponds to a connection / disconnection device
• the gear shift device 150 corresponds to a forward / reverse rotation switching device.
• the clutch mechanism 300 corresponds to “a device that transmits or disconnects power to a shaft”.
• the gear shift device 150 corresponds to “a device that transmits the rotational force of the swash plate of the second hydraulic device and provides rotation in the same or opposite direction as the swash plate of the second hydraulic device”. Continuously variable transmission
• the case 26 of the continuously variable transmission 20 includes a pair of support side walls 26 a and 26 b facing each other.
• Mounting holes 27a and 27b are formed in both support side walls 26a and 26b, and side wall members 28 and 29 are provided in the case holes 26 and 27b in the mounting holes 27a and 27b, respectively.
• Each side wall member 28, 29 is fastened and fixed to the corresponding support side wall 26a, 26b with a plurality of bolts.
• the input end of the input shaft 21 of the continuously variable transmission 20 is rotatably supported via a bearing 32 on a side wall member 28 of a case 26. I have.
• the side wall member 29 of the case 26 is rotatably supported via a yoke 23 as a rotation output portion and a force bearing portion 33.
• the output end of the input shaft 21 is rotatably penetrated and supported by the yoke 23 via the bearing 10 so as to be coaxial with the yoke 23.
• the side wall member 28 has a protruding portion 28c that protrudes inward from the center of the inner surface.
• the side wall member 28 is provided with a pair of bearing housing holes 34 and 35 arranged side by side so as to be located coaxially.
• the outer bearing storage hole 35 has a larger inner diameter than the inner bearing storage hole 34.
• a through hole 36 smaller in diameter than the inner bearing receiving hole 34 is formed on the side wall member 28 so as to be coaxial with the bearing receiving holes 34, 35.
• a conical roller bearing 39 as a thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing is fitted and fixed to the outer bearing housing hole 35.
• the input end of the input shaft 21 is supported by the side wall member 28 via a needle bearing 38 and a conical roller bearing 39.
• the opening of the outer bearing housing hole 35 is covered with a force par 15 which is fastened and fixed to the side wall member 28 with a bolt 15a. As shown in FIG.
• the input shaft 21 is passed through the through hole 15 b of the cover 15 via a seal member 25.
• the side wall member 28 is a housing of the needle bearing 38 and the conical roller bearing 39, and is made of a single member. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer ring 39 a of the conical roller bearing 39 is in contact with the step bottom surface and the inner peripheral surface on the back side of the bearing storage hole 35.
• a nut 40 is screwed around the input end of the input shaft 21 in the through hole 15b of the cover 15, and the nut 40 is brought into contact with the inner ring 39b of the conical roller bearing 39.
• an enlarged diameter portion 21 a is formed on the input shaft 21 so as to be adjacent to the inner ring 39 b of the conical roller bearing 39, so that the inner ring 39 b moves. regulate.
• the inner diameter of the portion housing the nut 40 is the maximum outside diameter of the inner ring 39 b of the conical roller bearing 39. It is set smaller than the diameter (outer diameter of the force bar 15 side).
• the side surface of the cover 15 on the side of the inner ring 39b is formed so as to be parallel to the side surface of the inner ring 39b facing the inner ring 39b, and is disposed close to the inner ring 39b, and It is formed to be accessible.
• the distance between the side surface of the cover 15 and the inner ring 39b is small. Therefore, when the cylinder block 42 presses the outer ring 39 a of the conical roller bearing 39 via the cradle 45, the cradle holder 91, and the side wall member 28 described later, The inner ring 3 9 b first contacts the force par 15. This abutment limits the maximum gap between the outer ring 39a and the inner ring 39b of the conical roller bearing 39.
• the bearing portion 32 is constituted by the conical roller bearing 39 and the needle bearing 38. Needle bearing 38 corresponds to a radial bearing.
• a bearing mounting step 34 a (see FIG. 2) having a diameter larger than that of the bearing receiving hole 34 is formed in the opening of the bearing receiving hole 34, and the bearing mounting step 34 a is radially formed.
• Bearings 16 are installed.
• the radial bearing 16 includes an outer ring 16a and an inner ring 16b, and the outer ring 16a abuts on a stepped bottom surface and a peripheral surface of the enlarged step portion of the bearing mounting step portion 34a. ⁇ Fixed.
• the radial bearing 16 is arranged so that its axis is inclined at a fixed angle with respect to the axis O of the cylinder block 42, and its inner ring 16b is connected to the first switching valve.
• a cam is formed to slide 6 in the direction of the axis O (hereinafter, also referred to as the axial direction) at a predetermined timing.
• the output side surface of the inner ring 16 b is a force surface 17.
• the first hydraulic device 100 has a clay including an input shaft 21, a cylinder block 42, a first plunger 43, and a swash plate surface 4 4 which abuts against the first plunger 43.
• the dollar has four to five.
• a substantially plate-shaped cradle holder 91 is fixed to the inner side surface of the side wall member 28 with a plurality of bolts 92.
• the cradle holder 91 has a through hole 91 b extending along the axis of the input shaft 21.
• the projection 28c of the side wall member 28 is fitted in the through hole 91b.
• Cradle 4 5 has a through hole 4 5 in the center a is formed, and the protruding portion 28 c is passed through the through hole 45 a.
• a support surface 91c is concavely formed in a circular arc shape in a peripheral portion of the through hole 91b.
• the cradle 45 is tiltably supported on the support surface 91c via a half bearing 91d. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the cradle 45 is tiltable about a trunnion axis TR orthogonal to the axis O of the cylinder block 42. That is, the cradle 45 has an upright position where a virtual plane including the swash plate surface 44 is orthogonal to the axis O.
• the cradle 45 is positioned at a predetermined angle counterclockwise in FIG. 2 (first position) and at a position inclined at a predetermined angle clockwise with respect to the upright position. (Second position).
• the clockwise direction is referred to as a positive direction
• the counterclockwise direction is referred to as a negative direction in FIG. 2, based on the case where the swash plate surface 44 is arranged in the upright position.
• the output rotation speed is the rotation speed of the yoke 23.
• FIG. 2 shows a state where the inclined surface 44 has been tilted to the maximum negative tilt angle position when the cradle 45 is located at the first position.
• the cradle 45 is located at the second position, the swash plate surface 44 is located at the maximum positive tilt angle position.
• the cradle 45 corresponds to the first hydraulic device 100, that is, the swash plate of the variable displacement hydraulic device.
• the cylinder block 42 is integrally connected to the input shaft 21 by spline fitting, and its input end is locked to a locking flange 46 of the input shaft 21. That is, on the peripheral surface of the input shaft 21, as shown in FIG. 4, a spline portion 21 c is formed by a plurality of keyways parallel to the axis O and arranged in the circumferential direction of the input shaft 21. You. A plurality of grooves formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block 42 are fitted to the spline portion 21c.
• the cylinder block 42 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer peripheral surfaces at both ends are smaller in diameter than the outer peripheral surface at the central portion. As shown in FIG.
• a plurality of first plunger holes 47 are annularly arranged around the rotation center (the axis O), and extend in parallel with the axis O. I have.
• Each first plunger hole 47 opens to the cradle 45 side.
• the first plunger 43 is slidably disposed in each first plunger hole 47.
• Each first plunger 43 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a panel housing hole 43a is formed on the axis thereof.
• a locking step 43c is formed at the inner end of each panel storage hole 43a. In each spring storage hole 43a, a panel locking member 43d and a coil spring 43b locked by the locking step 43c are stored.
• Each coil spring 43b is in contact with the bottom of the first plunger hole 47, and urges the first plunger 43 toward the cradle 45 via a spring locking member 43d.
• a steel ball 48 is rotatably fitted to the end of each first plunger 43.
• Each first plunger 43 is swash plate surface 44 via a steel ball 48 and a shoe 49. Is in contact with Then, the first plungers 43 are pressed against the swash plate surface 44 of the cradle 45 by the urging force of the coil springs 43b, so that the cradle 45 is moved to the cradle holder 91 and the side wall member 28 Press the outer ring 3 9a of the conical roller bearing 39 through the.
• the second hydraulic device 200 has a plurality of second plungers 58 slidably disposed on the cylinder block 42, and a rotating slope 51 abutting against the second plungers 58. Yoke 23 is provided. As shown in FIGS.
• the side wall member 29 is formed with a bearing receiving hole 52 and a through hole 53 having a smaller diameter than the bearing receiving hole 52 so as to be coaxial.
• a ball bearing 54 is fitted in the bearing housing hole 52, and a bearing 56 is fitted in the through hole 53.
• the yoke 23 is composed of a first yoke member 23A and a second yoke member 23B.
• the first yoke member 23A is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape
• the second yoke member 23B is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape.
• the two yoke members 23A and 23B are integrally connected by being fastened to each other by the port 50.
• the first yoke member 23A corresponds to a swash plate of the second hydraulic device 200.
• the yoke 23 is rotated with respect to the case 26 by fitting a substantially central outer periphery and an output end outer periphery of the second yoke member 23 B in the longitudinal direction to the ball bearings 54 and 56, respectively. It is supported by movement.
• the output end of the second yoke member 23 B is formed to have a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral surface on which the ball bearing 54 is fitted, and protrudes from the through hole 53 to the outside.
• An output gear 24 is engraved on the output end of the second yoke member 23B.
• the rotating slope 51 is formed on the end face of the first yoke member 23A on the cylinder block 42 side, and is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the axis O. The rotating slope 51 corresponds to a swash plate surface.
• the first yoke member 23A has a common shaft center with the shaft center O, and has a bearing hole 30a and a bearing housing hole 30b communicating with each other.
• the bearing receiving hole 30b is the shaft
• the diameter of the first yoke member 23A is larger than that of the receiving hole 30a, and the first yoke member 23A is opened on the base end surface side.
• the second yoke member 23B has a large-diameter bearing storage hole 5a, which has a common axis with the axis O, from the end face of the connection flange 41 to almost the center, and has a medium-diameter storage.
• a hole 50b and a small-diameter bearing housing hole 50c are sequentially formed.
• the bearing housing hole 50a and the bearing housing hole 30b have the same diameter.
• a conical roller bearing 31 as a thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing is fitted and fixed to the bearing housing hole 30b. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer ring 31a of the conical roller bearing 31 is in contact with the stepped bottom surface and the inner peripheral surface on the back side of the bearing housing hole 30b.
• the inner ring 3 1 b of the conical roller bearing 31 is fitted to the input shaft 21.
• a sleep 13 is fitted to the input shaft 21 between the inner race 31 b and the end of the cylinder block 42 on the side of the rotating slope 51.
• a nut 14 is screwed into the outer periphery of the output end of the input shaft 21 in the storage hole 50b, and is in contact with the inner ring 31b of the conical roller bearing 31.
• the inner ring 3 1b is pressed to the left in FIG. 3 by the screwing of the nut 14 and presses the sleeve 13, and the sleeve 13 is attached to the end face of the cylinder block 4 2 on the rotating slope 51 side. Has been abutted. As shown in FIGS.
• the inner diameter of the storage hole 50b is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the inner ring 31b of the conical roller bearing 31 (outer diameter of the side wall member 29).
• a locking step portion 50d formed between the bearing housing hole 50a of the second housing member 23 and the small-diameter housing hole 50b is formed on the side surface of the inner ring 31b facing the same. , And are arranged close to the inner ring 31b and can abut each other.
• the distance between the locking step portion 50d and the inner ring 31b is very small. Therefore, when the cylinder block 42 presses the outer ring 31a of the conical roller bearing 31 via the first yoke member 23A, the inner ring 31b first contacts the locking step 50d.
• the needle bearing 12 is disposed between the sleeve 13 and the bearing hole 30a, and the input shaft 21 is rotatable on the first yoke member 23A by the needle bearing 12 and the conical roller bearing 31. It is supported by.
• the output end of the input shaft 21 which is located at the tip of the threaded portion of the nut 14 is connected to the second yoke member 23 via the needle bearing 11 disposed in the bearing receiving hole 50c of the second yoke member 23B. It is supported to rotate by 23 B.
• the bearing portion 10 is constituted by the needle bearing 12 and the conical roller bearing 31.
• Needle bearings 12 correspond to radial bearings.
• the ball bearing 54 and the bearing 56 constitute the bearing 33.
• the radial bearing 18 is disposed in an opening of the first yoke member 23A on the cylinder block 42 side.
• the radial bearing 18 includes an outer ring 18a and an inner ring 18b.
• the outer ring 18a is abutted and fixed to the stepped bottom surface and the inner peripheral surface of the opening.
• the radial bearing 18 is arranged so that its axis is inclined at a fixed angle with respect to the axis O of the cylinder block 42, and its inner ring 18b pivots the second switching valve 76 at a predetermined timing. It constitutes a cam for sliding in the center O direction. Therefore, the input side of the inner ring 18 b is the cam surface 19. Manufacturing method of first yoke member
• the manufacturing method of the first yoke member 23A will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (a), (b), 8 (a), (b), 9 (a), (b) and FIGS. Explanation will be given according to (b).
• the tubular material WO is cut.
• Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) As shown, c material right end of the material WO disconnects so as to intersect the vertical end surface thereof with respect to the axis M, the left end of the material WO is cut so that the end surface thereof is inclined a predetermined angle with respect to the axis M
• the axis M of WO coincides with the axis O of the cylinder block 42.
• the left end cuts the slope, leaving a machining allowance N for the radial bearing 18 with which the second switching valve 76 contacts.
• This slope becomes the rotating slope 51.
• the machining allowance N has a height vertically protruding from the rotating slope 51 and is substantially annular.
• a hatched portion indicates a cut-out portion of the material WO.
• the outer peripheral surface of the material WO is cut using the line P perpendicular to the rotating slope 51 as the first processing center axis, that is, the rotation axis.
• the line P crosses the axis M and is set so that the entire outer peripheral surface of the material WO can be cut.
• the bearing hole 30a and the bearing receiving hole 3Ob shown in FIG. 3 are formed with the shaft center O as the machining center axis. Also, the step of the opening for the radial bearing 18 is cut in accordance with the inclination direction of the radial bearing 18. The configuration of the continuously variable transmission 20 will be described.
• the same number of the second plunger holes 57 as the first plunger holes 47 are arranged annularly around the center of rotation, and are parallel to the axis O.
• the pitch circle of the second plunger hole 57 is concentric and the same diameter as the pitch circle of the first plunger hole 47.
• the first plunger holes 4 7 are located in the circumferential direction of the cylinder block 42 so that each second plunger hole 57 is located between the adjacent first plunger holes 47. 7 are shifted from each other by 1/2 pitch.
• the second plunger hole 57 opens at the end surface of the cylinder block 42 toward the yoke 23.
• a second plunger 58 is slidably disposed in each second plunger hole 57.
• the second plunger 58 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a panel storage hole 58 a is formed in the second plunger 58.
• a locking step 58c is formed at the inner end of the panel housing hole 58a.
• a spring locking member 58d and a coil spring 58b that lock the locking step portion 58c are stored in the spring storage hole 58a.
• the coil spring 58b is in contact with the bottom of the second plunger hole 57, and urges the plunger 58 toward the rotating slope 51 via a panel locking member 58d.
• a steel ball 59 is fitted to the tip of the second plunger 58 in a rolling manner.
• the plunger 58 is in contact with the rotating slope 51 via a steel ball 59 and a shoe 60.
• the plunger 58 is pressed against the rotating slope 51 of the first yoke member 23A by the biasing force of the coil spring 58b, so that the first yoke member 23A is formed on the outer race of the conical roller bearing 31.
• 3 Press 1 a for this reason, a force in the axial direction (the direction of the axis O of the cylinder block 42) always acts on the outer ring 3la of the conical roller bearing 31. Therefore, Preload is applied to the conical roller bearing 31 by eliminating the complicated work of adjusting the shim for the conical roller bearing 31.
• the plunger 58 reciprocates according to the relative rotation between the rotary slope 51 and the cylinder block 42, and the suction and discharge strokes are repeated.
• the maximum stroke volume VPmax of the first hydraulic device 100 is set to be the same as the maximum stroke volume VMmax of the second hydraulic device 200. Hydraulic closed circuit
• annular first oil chambers 61 and second oil chambers 62 are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the cylinder block 42.
• the first oil chamber 61 corresponds to a high-pressure oil chamber
• the second oil chamber 62 corresponds to a low-pressure oil chamber.
• the second oil chamber 62 communicates with the spline section 21c as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and a part of the hydraulic oil in the second oil chamber 62 can be supplied as lubricating oil.
• the hydraulic oil supplied to the spline section 21c leaks out of the cylinder block 42.
• the cylinder block 4 2 communicates with the first oil chamber 6 1 and the second oil chamber 6 2 and has the same number of first valve holes 6 3 as the first plunger holes 4 7. It is formed so as to be parallel to the axis O.
• the cylinder block 4 2 communicates with the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62, and has the same number of second valve holes 64 as the second plunger holes 57. It is formed so as to be parallel to the axis O of 2.
• the first valve hole 63 and the second valve hole 64 are respectively arranged in a ring around the axis O of the cylinder block 42.
• the first valve hole 63 and the second valve hole 64 correspond to distribution valve holes.
• the pitch circle of the first valve hole 63 is made concentric and the same diameter as the pitch circle of the second valve hole 64. Also, both valve holes are located more inward than the first plunger hole 47 and the second plunger hole 57, that is, input from the first plunger hole 47 and the second plunger hole 57. The diameter of the pitch circle is smaller than the pitch circle of the first plunger hole 47 and the second plunger hole 57 so as to be located on the shaft 21 side.
• the first valve holes 63 are located between the adjacent second valve holes 64 so that the second valve holes 64 are separated from each other in the circumferential direction of the cylinder block 42. They are staggered by 1/2 pitch. Then, as shown in FIG.
• the first valve hole 63 and the second valve hole 64 are located opposite to each other with the axis O interposed therebetween.
• the centers of the first valve hole 63 and the first plunger hole 47 and the centers of the second valve hole 64 and the second plunger hole 57 are, as shown in FIG. It is arranged so as to be located on a straight line extending radially in the radial direction.
• the first oil passage 65 is provided between the bottom of the first plunger hole 47 and a portion between the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62 of the first valve hole 63. It is formed along the radial direction of the Sigago Lock 42 so as to communicate between the two.
• each first valve hole 63 a port U of a first oil passage 65 communicating with the corresponding first plunger hole 47 is formed between the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62.
• a spool type first switching valve 66 is slidably disposed in each first valve hole 63.
• the first switching valve 66 corresponds to a distribution valve. Since the first switching valve 66 is arranged in the first valve hole 63, the arrangement is the same as that of the first valve hole 63 with respect to the cylinder block 42. Therefore, the first switching valve 66 is disposed parallel to the axis O of the cylinder block 42.
• a cover plate 63 b fastened to the cylinder block 42 with bolts 63 a is attached.
• a coil spring 6 3c is mounted between the plates 6 3 b.
• the first switching valve 66 is urged toward the radial bearing 16.
• the first switching valve 66 reciprocates along the axial direction of the cylinder block 42 by coming into contact with the inner ring 16 b of the radial bearing 16, thereby achieving the displacement shown in FIG.
• the inner ring 16 b has a first opening position n 1 where the first switching valve 66 communicates the port U with the second oil chamber 62 around the port closing position n 0,
• Each first switching valve 66 is reciprocated between the port U and the second opening position n2 communicating the first oil chamber 61.
• the first hydraulic device 100 has an area H in the range of 0 to 180 degrees corresponding to the rotation angle of the cylinder block 42 around the axis O of the cylinder block 42, 180 degrees to 36 degrees.
• Area I is set within 0 (0) degrees.
• the region H is a region including all the sections where the port U communicates with the second oil chamber 62, and the area I includes all the sections where the port U communicates with the first oil chamber 61. It is an area.
• the vertical axis indicates the stroke volume per rotation of the first hydraulic device 100 or the second hydraulic device 200
• the horizontal axis indicates the output rotation speed Nout of the yoke 23 (output rotation unit).
• a solid line indicates a change in the stroke volume VP of the first hydraulic device 100
• a dashed line indicates a change in the stroke volume VM of the second hydraulic device 200.
• the output rotation speed Nout (the rotation speed of the yoke 23) is in the range of Nin to 2 Nin.
• a discharge amount of hydraulic oil of 00 is set.
• the stroke volume of the first hydraulic device 100 is defined as the first plunger 43 and the first plunger hole.
• the stroke volume of the second hydraulic device 200 means that the plunger space formed by the second plunger 58 and the second plunger hole 57 is such that the yoke 23 (output rotating part) is It is the amount of hydraulic oil exchanged between the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62 during rotation.
• the rotation angle of the cylinder block 42 around the axis O of the cylinder block 42 is in the range of 0 ° to 180 °. Hydraulic oil is sucked into the first plunger hole 47 through port U, and 180 degrees to 360 degrees
• hydraulic oil is discharged from the first plunger hole 47 through the port U. Then, when the swash plate surface 44 tilts to the positive side, when the rotation angle around the axis O of the cylinder block 42 is 0 to 180 degrees, the hydraulic oil flows through the port U through the first plug. The hydraulic oil is discharged from the plunger hole 47 and is sucked into the first plunger hole 47 through the port U in the range of 180 degrees to 360 (0) degrees.
• the oil chambers that discharge and suction the hydraulic oil are located in the areas H and H corresponding to the rotation angle around the axis O of the cylinder block 42.
• the second oil passage 75 is formed by the bottom of the second plunger hole 57 and the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62 of the second valve hole 64. It is formed along the radial direction of the cylinder block 42 so as to communicate with a portion between the cylinder blocks 42.
• a port W of a second oil passage 75 communicating with the corresponding second plunger hole 57 is formed between the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62.
• a spool-type second switching valve 76 is slidably disposed in each second valve hole 64 so as to be parallel to the second plunger 58.
• the second switching valve 76 corresponds to a distribution valve.
• the second switching valve 76 Since the second switching valve 76 is arranged in the second valve hole 64, the second switching valve 76 is arranged in the same manner as the second valve hole 64 with respect to the cylinder block 42. Therefore, the second switching valve 76 is arranged parallel to the axis O of the cylinder block 42.
• the opening facing the swash plate surface 44 of the second valve hole 64 has a cylinder block 42
• a cover plate 6 4b which is fastened and fixed with a number of bolts 6 4a is attached.
• a coil spring 64c is mounted between each second switching valve 76 and the lid plate 64b, and each second switching valve 76 is radial bearing 18 side by each coil spring 64c. Has been energized.
• Each second switching valve 76 abuts on the inner ring 18 b of the radial bearing 18 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the cylinder block 42, thereby achieving the displacement shown in FIG.
• the relative positions of the inner ring 16b of the left radial bearing 16 and the inner ring 18b of the right radial bearing 18 are relative to the outer ring 16a and the inner ring 18b corresponding to both. It changes because it is freely rotatable, but for convenience of explanation, the change is ignored.
• the second hydraulic device 200 has a region J, 18 in the range of 0 to 180 degrees corresponding to the relative rotation angle of the yoke 23 with respect to the cylinder block 42 with respect to the axis O.
• the area K is set in the range of 0 to 360 (0) degrees.
• the region J is a region including all the sections where the port W communicates with the first oil chamber 61, and the area K includes all the sections where the port W communicates with the second oil chamber 62. It is an area.
• the swash plate surface 44 is tilted to the negative side as shown in FIG. 3, the relative rotation angle of the yoke 23 (output rotating unit) around the axis O with respect to the cylinder block 42 is obtained. Is in the range of 0 ° to 180 °, hydraulic fluid is sucked into the second plunger hole 57 through the port W.
• the hydraulic oil is discharged from the second plunger hole 57 through the port W.
• the swash plate surface 4 4 tilts forward, the relative rotation angle of the yoke 2 3 (output rotating unit) around the axis O with respect to the cylinder block 42 within the range of 0 to 180 degrees Is discharged from the second plunger hole 57 through the port W, and the operating oil is sucked into the second plunger hole 57 through the port W in a range of 180 degrees to 360 (0) degrees.
• the oil chamber from which the hydraulic oil is discharged and the oil chamber from which the hydraulic oil is sucked are connected to the cylinder block of the yoke Region corresponding to the relative rotation angle around the axis O with respect to the lock 42]], K.
• the second hydraulic circuit 75, port U and port W constitute a closed hydraulic circuit C.
• a shaft hole 99 is formed in the input shaft 21 ⁇ along the axis O to charge the hydraulic closed circuit C with hydraulic oil.
• the shaft hole 99 has a radially extending introduction oil passage 99 a at a position corresponding to the through hole 36 of the side wall member 28.
• the introduction oil passage 99 a communicates with a circumferential groove 21 b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input shaft 21.
• the side wall member 28 is provided with an oil passage 28a communicating with the circumferential groove 21b.
• the oil passage 28 a communicates with an oil passage 91 a provided in the cradle holder 91 and an oil passage 28 b provided in the side wall member 28. Hydraulic oil is supplied from a charge pump (not shown) into the oil passages 28b and 91a and the oil passage 28a.
• a charge valve 90 (check valve) that opens and closes a valve seat that can communicate with the shaft hole 99 is disposed in the first oil chamber 61 and the second oil chamber 62, respectively.
• the valve seat of the charge valve 90 opens until the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic closed circuit C reaches the charge pressure in the shaft hole 99, and supplies the hydraulic oil in the shaft hole 99 to the hydraulic closed circuit C.
• the charge valve 90 prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing back into the shaft hole 99.
• each plunger 58 abuts and engages with the rotating slope 51 via the shoe 60 in a state where the plunger 58 cannot perform a stroke motion. Therefore, the cylinder block 42 and the rotating slope 51 are directly connected to each other, and rotate integrally. That is, this state is a state in which the input shaft 21 and the gear 15 1 are directly connected. Therefore, the rotation in the forward direction given to the rotating slope 51 is performed before the yoke 23 is connected.
• the engine 22 drives the cylinder block via the input shaft 21.
• Step 42 rotates at the rotation speed Nin.
• the first hydraulic device 100 supplies the hydraulic oil to the first plunger hole 4 through the port U in the range of the rotation angle around the axis O of the cylinder block 42 from 0 ° to 180 °. 7 and discharge the hydraulic oil from the first plunger hole 47 through the port U in the range of 180 degrees to 360 degrees (0) degrees.
• the oil chamber for discharging and sucking the hydraulic oil is determined by the regions H and I corresponding to the rotation angle of the cylinder block 42 around the axis ⁇ .
• the amount of hydraulic oil discharged and sucked by the first hydraulic device 100 increases as the tilt angle of the swash plate surface 44 toward the negative side increases.
• the second hydraulic device 200 operates within a range of the relative rotation angle of the yoke 23 (the output rotating portion) around the axis O with respect to the cylinder block 42 from 0 ° to 180 °. Oil is sucked into the second plunger hole 57 through the port W, and hydraulic fluid is discharged from the second plunger hole 57 through the port W in the range of 180 degrees to 360 (0) degrees. I do.
• the oil chamber that discharges hydraulic oil and the oil chamber that suctions hydraulic oil are determined by the regions J and K corresponding to the relative rotation angle of the yoke 23 (output rotary unit) around the axis O with respect to the cylinder block 42.
• the input rotation speed Nin at which the cylinder block 42 is driven via the input shaft 21 and the rotation speed in the positive direction due to the protruding pressing action of the plunger 58 on the rotating slope 51 are obtained (sum).
• the rotating slope 51 is rotated.
• the forward rotation imparted to the rotating slope 51 is transmitted as a forward rotation to the final reduction gear via the yoke 23, the connected forward clutch 15 2, and the output shaft 15 5.
• a position where the absolute value of the stroke volume VP of the first hydraulic device 100 becomes equal to the absolute value of the stroke volume VM of the second hydraulic device 200 among the positive tilt angle positions is determined by a predetermined positive angle. Tilt angle position.
• the cylinder block 42 rotates via the input shaft 21 by the driving force of the engine 22.
• the first hydraulic device 100 supplies the hydraulic oil to the first plunger hole 4 through the port U in the range of the rotation angle around the axis O of the cylinder block 42 from 0 to 180 degrees.
• the operating oil is sucked into the first plunger hole 47 through the port U in the range of 180 degrees to 360 (0) degrees.
• the oil chamber that discharges hydraulic oil and the oil chamber that suctions hydraulic oil are determined by regions H and I corresponding to the rotation angle around the axis O of the cylinder block 42.
• the amount of hydraulic oil discharged and sucked by the first hydraulic device 100 increases as the tilt angle of the swash plate surface 44 in the positive direction increases.
• the second hydraulic device 200 supplies the hydraulic oil within a range of 0 ° to 180 ° of the relative rotation angle of the yoke 23 (output rotating portion) around the axis O with respect to the cylinder block 42. Discharge from the second plunger hole 57 through port W. Also, 180 degrees to 360
• Hydraulic oil is sucked into the second plunger hole 57 through the port W within the range of (0) degrees.
• the oil chambers for discharging and sucking the hydraulic oil are determined by the regions J and K with respect to the relative rotation angle of the yoke 23 (the output rotating unit) with respect to the cylinder block 42 with respect to the axis O.
• the sum of the rotational speeds becomes the forward rotational speed reduced by the reverse rotational speed, so that the output rotational speed N out is smaller than “when the output rotational speed Nout is N in”.
• the stroke volume VP of the first hydraulic device 100 becomes zero to one VMmax (where, “One” means that the hydraulic oil is discharged from the port U to the second oil chamber 62.), and the output speed Nout decreases from Nin to zero accordingly.
• FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of this state.
• the first oil chamber 61 has a higher pressure than the second oil chamber 62, and the hydraulic oil flows in the closed hydraulic circuit C as shown by the arrow in the figure. Arrows attached to the rotation speeds Nin and Nout indicate the rotation directions of the corresponding members.
• the yoke 23 is stopped by shutting off the input rotation from the engine 22 by the clutch mechanism 300.
• the output speed Nout is less than zero
• FIG. 11 shows the flow and rotation direction of the hydraulic oil.
• the rotation imparted to the rotating slope 51 is transmitted to the final reduction gear via the yoke 23, the idler gear 156, the idler 157, the reverse clutch 153, and the output shaft 155.
• Reference numeral 12 indicates the flow and rotation direction of the hydraulic oil.
• the rotation imparted to the rotating slope 51 is the same as in the above case, except that the yoke 23, the idler gear 15 6 and the idler gear 15
• a first hydraulic device 100 having a first plunger 43 and a cradle 45 (swash plate) with which the first plunger 43 abuts; It includes a second plunger 58 and a second hydraulic device 200 having a first yoke member 23A (swash plate) with which the second plunger 58 contacts. Also, the first plunger hole 47 and the second plunger hole 57 for accommodating the first plunger 43 and the second plunger 58 are formed in the common cylinder block 42, and the first plunger hole is formed.
• a hydraulic closed circuit C connecting the second plunger hole 57 is formed in the cylinder block 42.
• the first valve hole 63 and the second valve hole 64 that house the first switching valve 66 and the second switching valve 76 (distribution valve) that switch the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic closed circuit C, respectively. (Distribution valve hole) is formed in the cylinder block 42.
• An input shaft 21 penetrating through the cylinder block 42 is provided, and the input shaft 21 and the cylinder block 42 are configured to rotate synchronously.
• the first plunger hole 47 and the second plunger Holes 57 are each formed parallel to the input shaft 21.
• the rotating slope 51 of the second hydraulic device 200 is rotatably supported around the axis O of the cylinder hook 42.
• first and second plungers 43, 58, the first plunger hole 47, the coil spring 43 provided in the second plunger hole 57, and the cradle 45 by the coil spring 58b are provided.
• the cradle 45 (swash plate) of the first hydraulic device 100 is supported by the outer ring 39a of the conical roller bearing 39 (first thrust 'radial dual-purpose bearing) on which the input shaft 21 is supported. I did it.
• the first yoke member 23 A (swash plate) of the second hydraulic device 200 is connected to the outer ring 3 1 of the conical roller bearing 3 1 (second thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing) on which the input shaft 21 is supported.
• the conical roller bearing 39 (first thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing) extends parallel to the side surface of the inner ring 39 b and extends only a small distance from the side surface. It has a cover 15 (first regulating member) that is separated.
• the conical roller bearing 31 (first thrust / radial dual-purpose bearing) extends parallel to the side surface of the inner ring 31 b and is separated from the side surface by a small distance.
• a second yoke member 23B (second regulating member) having the locking step portion 50d.
• the first valve hole 63 and the second valve hole 6 4 are parallel to the input shaft 21 and are higher than the first plunger hole 47 and the second plunger hole 57. It was formed close to the input shaft 21. Also, the first and second oil passages 65 and 75 connecting the first and second plunger holes 47 and 57 with the first and second valve holes 63 and 64 are respectively connected to the cylinder block 4. 2 was formed along the radial direction. As a result, the first oil passage 65 and the second oil passage 75 can be minimized, and the waste volume of the hydraulic oil can be reduced.
• the first valve hole 63 and the second valve hole 64 are formed in parallel with the input shaft 21 and through the cylinder block 42.
• these holes can be formed only by processing from one side of the cylinder block 42, thereby reducing the number of processing steps and improving the processing precision.
• the first oil chamber 61 (high-pressure oil chamber) and the second oil chamber 62 (low-pressure oil chamber) are It was formed closer to the input shaft 21 than the plunger hole 57, and was juxtaposed in the axial direction of the cylinder block 42.
• the cylinder block 4 2 is spline-fitted to the input shaft 21, and the second oil chamber 6 2 (low-pressure oil chamber) is communicated with a spline section 21c formed on the input shaft 21.
• the spline portion 21c can be lubricated without specially providing a lubricating oil passage for the spline portion 21c. Hydraulic oil leaks from the spline section 21c to the outside of the cylinder block 42, but because of leakage from the low-pressure second oil chamber 62, the volume efficiency of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission deteriorates. I will not do it.
• the first shock member 23 A (swash plate) of the second hydraulic device 200 has an outer peripheral surface that is formed by the first yoke member 23 A. Rotating slope 5 1
• the rotation balance of the (swash plate) can be adjusted with only simple cutting.
• the power transmission device 400 of the present embodiment includes the hydraulic continuously variable transmission, and further includes a clutch mechanism 300 as a means for transmitting or interrupting power to the input shaft 21. There. Further, the power transmission device 400 receives the torque of the first shock member 23 A (swash plate) of the second hydraulic device 200 and inputs the torque to the first yoke portion of the second hydraulic device 200.
• a gear shift device 150 is provided as a means for outputting rotation in the same direction as or opposite to that of the material 23 A (swash plate).
• the clutch mechanism 300 is disengaged so that When the rotation direction of the work 23 is switched, the torque applied to the yoke 23 can be released, and the rotation direction can be easily changed.
• the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows.
• the configuration of the needle bearing 11 and the needle bearing 38 of the embodiment is replaced with a ball bearing.
• the output end of the yoke 23 of the input shaft 21 is formed with a smaller diameter of the output gear 24, and is projected from the end face of the output gear 24.
• the protruding end is a PTO shaft (Power Take Off shaft). ).

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• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

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• 2002
  • 2002-06-18 JP JP2002177690A patent/JP2004019836A/ja active Pending
• 2003
  • 2003-06-17 KR KR1020047020437A patent/KR100591166B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-06-17 EP EP03760151.5A patent/EP1515068B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-17 CN CNB038142546A patent/CN100360833C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-06-17 US US10/517,184 patent/US7117671B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-17 AU AU2003244138A patent/AU2003244138A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-06-17 WO PCT/JP2003/007667 patent/WO2003106864A1/ja active IP Right Grant

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