Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
  • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
  • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
  • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
  • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
  • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
  • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
  • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
  • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
  • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
  • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
  • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M7/2176—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only comprising a passive stage to generate a rectified sinusoidal voltage and a controlled switching element in series between such stage and the output

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for inductive transmission of electrical energy according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Such a device is used to transmit electrical energy to a mobile consumer without mechanical or electrical contact. It comprises a primary and a secondary part, which are electromagnetically coupled similar to the principle of the transformer.
• the primary part consists of supply electronics and a conductor loop laid along a route.
• One or more customers and the associated customer electronics form the secondary side.
• the transformer in which the primary and secondary parts are coupled as closely as possible, it is a loosely coupled system. This is made possible by a relatively high operating frequency in the kilohertz range. This way, even large air gaps of up to a few centimeters can be bridged.
• the operating frequency is defined on the secondary side as the resonance frequency of a parallel resonant circuit which is formed by the parallel connection of a capacitor to the pickup coil.
• a basic circuit on the consumer side is described in WO 92/17929 and shown in simplified form in FIG. 1.
• the consumer inductor L1 and the capacitor C1 connected in parallel to form a resonant circuit is followed by a rectifier 1 to which a switching regulator of a known type, consisting of an inductor L2, a diode D1, a capacitor C2 and an electronic switch S and a regulator, is connected 2 connects.
• the regulator 2 essentially includes a voltage reference and a comparator which closes the electronic switch S via the control line 3 when the voltage across the capacitance C2 exceeds a first predetermined value and opens it when it is a second one, just a little below the first Value falls below, causing the voltage U L across the capacitor C2 and parallel to this at the terminals A and B connected load 4 approximately assumes a predetermined target value.
• the load 4 is typically an electric drive.
• control electronics must be supplied in addition to the main load 4 in the form of an electric drive, the voltage levels required differing considerably. While a typical voltage value for the drive supply is approximately 560 V, the voltages in the area of the control electronics are more than an order of magnitude lower, for example 24 V.
• One possible way to provide a second, significantly lower output voltage is to connect a DC voltage converter to the Terminals A and B parallel to the main load 4.
• DC-DC converters for the conversion ratio in question here for example from 560 V to 24 V, are complex and therefore expensive.
• DE 38 32 442 AI teaches a power supply device for a passenger coach in which an AC voltage tapped from the train bus is rectified and converted by a step-down converter into a DC link voltage of 600 V. Out these are generated by means of two identical three-phase inverters and this downstream LC filter 3x380V sine alternating voltages.
• the buck converter has two GTO thyristors connected in series, which are connected both on the input side and on the output side via two identical capacitors connected in series, the connection points of which are in turn connected to one another. This circuit configuration of the buck converter serves to double its input voltage resistance.
• the object of the invention is to demonstrate the simplest possible way of providing at least a second output voltage on the secondary side in a generic device with only minor interventions in the consumer.
• An important advantage of the invention is that only a few additional components are required and no major change in the circuit topology is required to obtain a further output voltage.
• the intervention in the customer itself is minimal because it is limited to tapping the secondary coil.
• the efficiency of the energy transmission is not affected by the modification of the consumer electronics.
• the division of the capacitances into series connections necessary for the implementation of the invention has the positive side effect that a lower voltage drops across each individual capacitance, which means lower demands on the dielectric strength of the capacitors used.
• the invention enables the use of a DC-DC converter with an input voltage of less than 300 V for supplying the control electronics.
• DC-DC converters are used in large numbers in devices that operate on mains power and are therefore available at low cost.
• a particularly preferred, inexpensive and compact solution is the implementation of the device according to the invention together with one for controlling a drive serving converters in a common structural unit, the concept of such a summary also being applicable to conventional generic devices.
• FIG. 1 is a basic circuit diagram of a consumer electronics according to the prior art
• FIG. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a consumer electronics according to the invention with a second output voltage
• FIG. 3 shows an interconnection of a consumer electronics system according to the invention with a load in the form of a drive controlled by a converter.
• the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2 aims to provide a second output voltage U 2 , which is approximately half as large as the voltage U L required for the main load 4, which remains unchanged from the consumer electronics of, for example, 560 V is output between terminals A and B. Accordingly, the consumer inductor Ll is divided into two inductors L1, L12 and L12 of equal size, the sum of which corresponds to the inductance Ll. This subdivision of the inductance L1 is realized by a center tap C of the winding without any other changes to the winding or the core.
• the capacities C1 and C2 are each divided into series circuits of two capacities C1 and C12 or C21 and C22 of equal size, the partial capacities, as is known, each having to have twice the value of the total capacity.
• the connection point of the capacities C1 and C12 is connected to the center tap C of the customer winding, i.e. connected to the connection point of the inductors L1 and L12, i.e. these two connection points form a common node C. This measure does nothing to change the behavior of the customer oscillating circuit with regard to its external connections connected to the rectifier 1.
• the four diodes D1 1 to D 14 connected downstream of the pickup resonant circuit in FIG. 2 form the rectifier 1 shown only schematically in FIG. 1 in a manner known per se Part of the circuit does not change.
• the controller 2 is no longer shown in FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity.
• two equally large, relatively high-impedance resistors R21 and R22 are connected in parallel to the capacitors C21 and C22 in the circuit. Furthermore, the center tap C of the consumer inductance composed of Ll 1 and L12 is connected via a diode D2 to the connection point D of the capacitors C21 and C22 and of the resistors R21 and R22, the diode being connected such that it only has a current flow from C to D, ie from the consumer resonant circuit to the output-side RC elements.
• the partial voltage U L across the parallel circuit from C22 and R22 which is approximately equal to the partial voltage U L2 across the parallel circuit from C21 and R21 and is therefore half of the output voltage U across the main load 4, is fed to the input of a DC / DC converter 5 which an output voltage Us is generated therefrom.
• the additional output terminal for connecting the converter 5 is designated E in FIG. 2.
• the mode of operation of the circuit is initially based on halving the total output voltage U L by dividing the original output capacitance C2 into two capacitors C21 and C22 of equal size connected in series with one another.
• U L the total output voltage
• the invention also provides for the customer inductor L1 and the tuning capacitance C1 connected in parallel to be subdivided accordingly into partial inductors Ll1 and L12 or Cl1 and C12, and the node C at which the two partial resonant circuits thus created are connected to one another are, with the connection node D of the two To connect output capacities.
• this measure prevents the breakdown of the voltage across the capacitance C22 provided in the present case for tapping the partial voltage for the additional DC / DC converter 5, a short circuit would result in the closed state of the switch S for the DC voltage via C22 the path via the partial inductance L12, the rectifier diode Dl 3, the inductance L2 and the switch S.
• the task of the additional diode D2 is to prevent the discharge of the capacitor C22 via this short circuit path.
• the two equally large resistors R21 and R22 are each connected in parallel to the capacitors C21 and C22, which always ensures the presence of an ohmic load between the terminals A and B. is.
• this load is not symmetrical, the extent of the asymmetry primarily depending on the amount of power drawn at the terminals F and G of the DC / DC converter 5. This means that the power that can be drawn from these terminals is limited, in particular in the case of operation of the consumer electronics without a main load 4 connected.
• the additional voltage Us is only required to operate control electronics which, compared to the main load 4, have only a low power requirement.
• the additional resistors R21 and R22 can be dimensioned with relatively high impedance, ie in the order of 10 to 100 k ⁇ .
• the exemplary embodiment described above provides a symmetrical division of the pickup resonant circuit and the output-side RC elements, it would also be possible to choose an asymmetrical part ratio in order to be able to tap an additional voltage which is greater or less than half the output voltage U. In principle, it would also be conceivable to subdivide into more than two voltages if several different additional voltages were required. Such modifications or expansions are readily available to a person skilled in the art with knowledge of the example described above and are part of the present invention.
• FIG. 3 shows an expedient way of interconnecting the previously described consumer electronics with a main load 4 in the form of an asynchronous motor 6, which is controlled by a three-phase converter 7.
• the consumer electronics is shown in FIG. 3 as a block 8, which uses all of the components Fig. 2 explained circuit except for the consumer inductance L11 + L12, the DC-DC converter 5, and the main load 4 should contain.
• the configuration shown in FIG. 3 with a motor 6 controlled by a converter 7 is a typical type of main load 4, which is provided for connection to the terminals A and B of a consumer electronics 8 according to the invention.
• a further diode D3 between the output terminal A of the consumer electronics 8 and the converter 7 and the parallel connection of a further capacitor, which consists of two capacitors C31 and C32 in series with one another, are parallel to the input of the converter 7 in FIG. 3 intended.
• a surge in tension at the input of the converter 7 due to a braking operation of the motor 6 in this case only leads to a charging of the capacitors C31 and C32, while a return current to the output of the consumer electronics 8, which would increase the voltage there when the output capacitors C21 and C22 are charged the diode D3 is prevented.
• the capacitors C31 and C32 are required to absorb the energy flowing back from the converter 7, the division of the capacitance into two capacitors connected in series is not essential, but is useful for implementation with capacitors of lower dielectric strength.
• the consumer electronics 8, the converter 7 and the elements connected between them are combined in one structural unit. At least this means that they are housed in a common housing. In addition, they can advantageously also be arranged on a common circuit board. This saves space, weight and components compared to the prior art, in which the consumer electronics 8 and the converter 7 are separate units, each with its own housing, which first have to be connected by cables and plugs, and thus a more compact and cost-effective solution created.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
• Rectifiers (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=28051164

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2002
  • 2002-04-06 DE DE10215236A patent/DE10215236C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-02-05 CN CNA038076314A patent/CN1647339A/zh active Pending
  • 2003-02-05 JP JP2003582873A patent/JP2005522974A/ja active Pending
  • 2003-02-05 EP EP03702598A patent/EP1495525A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-02-05 AU AU2003205734A patent/AU2003205734A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-02-05 KR KR10-2004-7015928A patent/KR20040101404A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-02-05 WO PCT/EP2003/001099 patent/WO2003085797A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-02-05 MX MXPA04009241A patent/MXPA04009241A/es unknown
  • 2003-02-05 CA CA002481442A patent/CA2481442A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (5)

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