Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
  • H04W16/24—Cell structures
  • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
  • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
  • H04W92/10—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between terminal device and access point, i.e. wireless air interface

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and more particularly to a mobile communication system with a smart antenna, which can fully utilize the advantages of smart antenna wireless beamforming, and can efficiently transmit downlink packet-switched data ( Package Data).
• Package Data Packet Data
• downlink high-speed packet exchange data that is, transmission of Internet-type data
• the mobile communication system transmits its user data to the user according to the user's requirements.
• the current transmission implementation method can be explained by the method used in the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) general wireless packet service (GPRS): All accessing users are in a waiting state (that is, hanging on the Internet); the wireless base station uses a carrier Use one or more time slots of this carrier to send downlink data to the user one by one, and the transmission method adopted is to perform omnidirectional transmission to the entire coverage area (a cell or a sector) of the base station, so that It is guaranteed that the user can receive this downlink data no matter where the user moves to any place within the coverage area of this base station. At this time, the base station (system) does not need to know the specific location of the user, but only needs to know the cell where the user is located.
• GSM Global System for Mobile communications
• GPRS general wireless packet service
• the automatic retransmission (ARQ) technology is generally used, that is, the base station transmits a data packet of a specific length to the user every time the downlink data is transmitted; after the user receives the data packet: Use error correction and / or error detection coding technology (such as detection using redundant error correction technology) to check whether there are bit errors in the received data packets; when there are errors in the data packets and cannot be corrected, the user will ask the base station Resend this data packet to ensure the quality of transmission.
• ARQ automatic retransmission
• Figure 1 shows a typical base station transmitting high-speed downlink packet-switched data to a user terminal.
• the mobile communication system knows that the user terminals 11, 12, and 1N are in the cell where the base station B is located, and are in a state ready to receive (such as the REDAY state in GPRS).
• the base station B sends high-speed downlink to the terminals 11, 12 1N in turn according to the system signaling.
• Packet switched data The header of each data packet is set with an identification mark of the user terminal, and the length of each data packet is determined by the system (generally fixed, which is the length of multiple wireless frames).
• the base station B first sends high-speed downlink packet exchange data to the user terminal 13 by using an omnidirectional transmission method.
• the user terminal 13 After receiving a data packet, the user terminal 13 will return to the base station a confirmation message that it has received it correctly (or propose a re- (ARQ) request, and then enter the process where the base station sends data to the user terminal 13 and the user terminal 13 receives the confirmation.
• the base station After the base station sends the data to the first user terminal 13, it sends the data to the second user terminal 11 in sequence.
• the base station still retransmits the data in an omnidirectional transmission mode, and then enters the process where the base station sends data to the user terminal 11 and the user terminal 11 receives the confirmation.
• the basic working principle of a smart antenna is: The base station determines the user's position (D0A) based on the received uplink signal from the user, and uses this position to form the receiving beam on the basis of the uplink signal, and uses the shaped beam to direct the user to the user. Directly send downlink data.
• D0A user's position
• the position of the user is constantly changing.
• the system must know the current position of each access user to ensure that Its downlink beamforming accurately tracks up movement Users.
• the object of the present invention is to design a method for transmitting high-speed downlink packet exchange data with a smart antenna mobile communication system, and is a new method for transmitting downlink high-speed packet exchange data in a mobile communication system with a smart antenna. While giving full play to the advantages of smart antennas and under the premise of not occupying too much system resources, it can ensure the transmission of high-speed downlink packet exchange data.
• a method for transmitting high-speed downlink packet exchange data by a smart antenna mobile communication system which is characterized by including the following steps:
• the wireless base station with the smart antenna obtains the initial position information of each user terminal that is ready to receive the high-speed downlink packet-switched data
• the wireless base station performs downlink beamforming according to the initial position information of each user terminal
• the wireless base station uses a set of downlink data packets as a unit to send the following data packets to the user terminal in a directed manner according to the shaped beam of the current user terminal;
• the user terminal receives a downlink data packet, performs error code checking, and confirms to the wireless base station through the uplink channel that the current data packet has been correctly received or has an error code, and requests retransmission;
• the wireless base station obtains new azimuth information of the current user terminal according to the confirmation message, and performs new downlink beamforming according to the azimuth information, and then uses a set length and uses the new shaped beam to directionally receive the correctly received
• the current user terminal sends the next data packet or resends the current data packet to the user terminal that requires retransmission, until the user terminal correctly receives all its downlink data packets and ends.
• a wireless base station with a smart antenna performs a roll call on a user terminal that is ready to receive high-speed downlink packet exchange data by using an omnidirectional or sector coverage beam through a paging channel.
• the initial position information of each user terminal is obtained from the response message of the user terminal.
• the named user terminals are named, and the named user terminals include user terminals that are ready to receive high-speed downlink packet-switched data in any working state that is idle or working.
• the set length of the downlink data packet is adaptively changed according to the quality of the data packet received by the user terminal.
• the adaptive change includes:
• the next downlink data packet is still sent with a predetermined length L, where m is a positive integer
• the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced, and the n + 1th time of the current downlink data packet retransmission is performed, where n is a positive integer.
• the set length of the downlink data packet is increased to 2L, and when n is 2 or 3, the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced to L / 2.
• the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced, and the set length of the shortest downlink data packet is the data length of one time slot in one frame of data.
• the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced, and the set length of the shortest downlink data packet is the data length of a radio frame.
• the adaptive change includes:
• the wireless base station first sends a downlink data packet to each user terminal with a predetermined length L; the wireless base station obtains the position information of the current user terminal and changes in the arrival delay according to the two uplink confirmation messages received by the current user terminal;
• the position of the user terminal changes during the two times of the wireless base station, and the moving speed of the user terminal is calculated; For a user who moves fast, the wireless base station reduces the set length of the downlink data packet, and for a user who moves slowly, increases the set length of the downlink data packet.
• the steps C to F are performed separately for all user terminals of the wireless base station that are ready to receive high-speed downlink packet exchange data. After a user terminal sequentially and correctly receives all of its downlink data packets, the wireless base station performs the next step. A user terminal sends all downlink data packets in sequence.
• a wireless base station with a smart antenna when a wireless base station with a smart antenna is ready to transmit downlink packet-switched data to each user terminal, no matter what state the user terminal is in, it includes work in an idle state, communicating or receiving data.
• the status must be communicated through a paging (Page) channel, that is, a roll-call process occurs, and transmission is performed after a response from the user is obtained. That is, even if the user terminal is in a certain working state, transmission cannot be performed directly.
• Page paging
• This process is equivalent to a handshake process.
• a link is established between the base station and a user terminal that is ready to receive high-speed downlink packet exchange data. In this way, the wireless base station is made aware of the initial position of the user terminal, and a system with a smart antenna can perform downlink beamforming on the position information before it starts transmitting data.
• the downlink data of a user terminal is sequentially transmitted in units of a single data packet. For each data packet transmitted, after the user receives it, whether or not If there is an error code, the user terminal should confirm it through the uplink channel, or receive it correctly or there is an error code.
• the wireless base station can obtain the new position of the user terminal from the response signal of the user terminal, and according to this new position New beamforming of the information to make the shaped beam track the user terminal, so that the new shaped beam can be used to transmit the next data packet without error, or retransmit the previous one if there is an uncorrectable error data pack.
• the distance of the user terminal from the base station can also be known, so as to synchronize and transmit uplink signals. Power control.
• the method of the present invention uses a downlink data packet technology of variable length.
• a mobile communication base station with a smart antenna transmits downlink packet exchange data
• each data packet is transmitted according to a downlink beamforming.
• the base station performs U-arming on the next downlink beam according to the received uplink confirmation signal.
• the user may be in different motion states, when the movement speed is fast, it may happen that during the period of sending a data packet, the position of the user changes greatly.
• the use of a fixed-length downlink data packet may cause the data packet transmitted by this downlink beam to be difficult to receive effectively, resulting in serious bit errors.
• even retransmission is performed multiple times, it is impossible to obtain correct reception. If this happens, even if redundant error correction information is added, conventional methods such as adjusting the coding rate cannot solve the problem.
• the method of the present invention adaptively changes the length of a data packet, that is, when transmitting downlink data, it starts with a relatively long data packet length to reduce the number of uplink acknowledgments and improve system efficiency.
• the uplink acknowledgment signal sent by the user terminal after receiving a data packet if a serious bit error is reflected, such as the case that it cannot be received correctly if it is retransmitted 2 or 3 times in a row, the downlink data is immediately transmitted.
• the packet length is reduced, for example, it is reduced to half of the original data packet length, and then retransmitted. The above process will be performed until the user terminal receives the correct data packet.
• the shortest length of this variable-length packet can be the amount of data in one time slot in a frame; for other systems, it can be the amount of data in a radio frame.
• the purpose of adaptively changing the length of the data packet is to speed up the process of smart antenna shaped beam tracking user speed, and finally to reach the maximum capacity of the system and smart antenna.
• the length of the downlink data packet can be doubled. Repeat this way, adjust the length of the downlink data packet adaptively according to the quality of the transmitted data packet, give full play to the function of the smart antenna, and improve System efficiency.
• a base station with a smart antenna can obtain information about the user's moving speed.
• the specific method is: The base station can know the position change of the user in this period according to the change of the D0A and the arrival delay of the user obtained in the two received uplink confirmation signals of the user terminal, and can calculate the user in a simple way. The moving speed of the terminal.
• the user terminal's moving speed After the user terminal's moving speed is obtained, it can be used as another basis for determining the length of the downlink data packet. That is, when the user terminal's moving speed is fast, the downlink data packet length is reduced; when the user terminal's moving speed is slow, it is increased. Large downstream packet length.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical traditional process for transmitting high-speed downlink packet exchange data
• FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for transmitting downlink high-speed packet exchange data in a mobile communication system using a smart antenna according to the present invention
• FIG. 3 is a flow block diagram of an adaptive adjustment data packet according to the present invention.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring the moving speed of a user terminal using a smart antenna.
• the system knows the user terminal
• 21, 22 2N are both in the cell where the base station B is located, and are in a state ready to receive. However, the system does not know the specific location (orientation) of these user terminals.
• a process in which a wireless base station with a smart antenna transmits a downlink data packet to a user terminal includes:
• Step (1) the base station (B) sends the signals to the terminals 23, 21 in sequence according to the system signaling.
• 2N When 2N sends a downlink data packet, it will first use an omnidirectional or sector coverage beam, and roll call the first user terminal 23 in the Page channel;
• Step (2) after receiving the roll call, the named user terminal 23 will respond through a reverse access channel (RACH);
• RACH reverse access channel
• Step (3) After the roll call and the handshake are successful, the base station sends the first high-speed downlink exchanged data packet to the user terminal 23 in a downlink traffic channel by using a shaped beam according to the received position of the user terminal 23;
• step (4) after receiving the data packet, the user terminal 23 performs error correction and / or error detection coding, that is, checks whether there is an error code in the received data packet, and returns a correct reception to the base station when the check result is correct reception.
• a confirmation message when there is an error in the data packet and cannot be corrected, a retransmission request (ARQ) is submitted to the base station;
• Step (5) the base station can obtain the new position of the user terminal 23 according to the uplink signal of the user terminal 23, and can perform beamforming update, and then send the next data packet (when properly received) or re-send to the user terminal. Send the previous data packet (when the received data packet has an error code), until the user terminal correctly receives each downlink data packet, that is, the entire process of sending a user terminal 23 data packet and receiving confirmation of the user terminal 23 is completed.
• Steps (6) to (12) and then use the same method to sequentially perform the process of sending to the second user terminal 21 and obtaining its reception confirmation, where steps 9 and 10 are that the user terminal 21 received the data packet incorrectly A code, a request for base station retransmission (ARQ), and a process in which the base station performs data packet retransmission using the updated beamforming.
• steps 9 and 10 are that the user terminal 21 received the data packet incorrectly A code, a request for base station retransmission (ARQ), and a process in which the base station performs data packet retransmission using the updated beamforming.
• FIG. 3 shows a process in which a base station adaptively adjusts the length of a downlink data packet.
• the process of sending a data packet to the user terminal 23 in FIG. 2 is taken as an example to describe a method for adaptively adjusting the length of a data packet, which includes the following steps : Steps 31 and 32: The base station sends the i-th data packet to the user terminal 23 according to the shaped beam and data packet length L determined when the i-1 (that is, the previous) data packet is sent;
• Step 33 After sending the i-th data packet, the base station will obtain a response message of the user terminal from the uplink. If the reception is correct, it will confirm it. If an error occurs, it will retransmit and record the i-th The number of data packet retransmissions n;
• step 32 is performed to retransmit the i-th data packet with the new data packet length L / 2. If the number of retransmissions n is not greater than or equal to 2 or 3, directly perform step 31, and still use the original packet length. L retransmits the i-th data packet;
• Step 38 If the i-th data packet is correctly received by the user terminal 23 and records the number of consecutive error-free packets m, the system further checks whether the data packet is completely sent. If it is completed, the data sending process to the user terminal 23 ends, and the process turns to step. 30, end the process of sending a data packet to the user terminal 23, if not completed, go to step 36;
• Step 36 It is further checked whether the number of consecutive error-free packets m is greater than or equal to a predetermined number, such as 2 or 3, that is, 2 or 3 consecutive data packets can be correctly received by the user terminal 23 without retransmission;
• Step 37 if one or three consecutive data packets can be correctly received by the user terminal 23 without retransmission, the data packet length L is doubled to 2L, and then returns to step 31 to send the next first (I + 1) data packets;
• Step 35 If the number of consecutive error-free packets m is less than 2 or 3, keep the current data packet length L, return to step 31, and send the next (i + 1) th data packet. This reciprocation achieves the purpose of adaptively adjusting the packet length.
• the figure shows a method for determining the moving speed of a user terminal by using smart antenna technology, so as to adjust the length of a data packet appropriately.
• 41 indicates a base station
• 42 and 43 indicate user terminals at t. , 1 ⁇ at the moment.
• a system (such as TD-SCDMA) can obtain the existing technology of the user terminal position (DOA) and distance from the base station in the communication state.
• DOA user terminal position
• the azimuth and distance information of the user terminal obtained through the two measurements can simply calculate the current moving speed of the user terminal.
• the wireless base station reduces the set length of the downlink data packet for users moving fast, and increases the set length of the downlink data packet for users moving slowly.
• the user terminal is in position 42 and its orientation is ⁇ . (In the reference direction shown in the figure), the distance from the base station 41 is d. At time, the user terminal is at position 43, and its orientation is (in the reference direction shown in the figure), and the distance from the base station 41 is that the user terminal is at t.
• the moving speed V during the period is:
• the environmental environment Due to the overall working environment of the mobile telecommunications system, the environmental environment is more complex and complicated. Under the urban environment, the streets, streets, and streets The complex and complex retro-reflective shooting conditions of high-rise buildings and so on will lead to larger measurement errors and errors, but in this environment, users The terminal terminal is also impossible to move at a very fast speed. Therefore, the present invention clearly recommends that it be used in the urban environment.
• the above-mentioned methods for measuring and measuring speed and speed are used to perform self-adaptive adaptation of line number data, packet length, and length. However, in the far suburban suburbs and open and wide environment Under the circumstance, this method of measurement and measurement method may be able to obtain better results, which can be used as a transmission to the next line. Judgment of the initial initial value of the line number data packet length length degree It is. .
• the method and method proposed in the present invention can be used for frequency division duplex duplexing ((FFDDDD)) or time division duplex duplexing ((TTDDDD)).
• FFDDDD frequency division duplex duplexing
• TTDDDD time division duplex duplexing

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• 2002
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