WO2003081820A1 - Procede de systeme de communication mobile avec antenne intelligente - Google Patents

Procede de systeme de communication mobile avec antenne intelligente Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003081820A1
WO2003081820A1 PCT/CN2003/000173 CN0300173W WO03081820A1 WO 2003081820 A1 WO2003081820 A1 WO 2003081820A1 CN 0300173 W CN0300173 W CN 0300173W WO 03081820 A1 WO03081820 A1 WO 03081820A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user terminal
downlink
data packet
packet
base station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000173
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shihe Li
Guiliang Yang
Original Assignee
Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. filed Critical Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd.
Priority to JP2003579398A priority Critical patent/JP4241395B2/ja
Priority to CA002480402A priority patent/CA2480402C/en
Priority to BRPI0308789A priority patent/BRPI0308789B1/pt
Priority to KR1020047015520A priority patent/KR100713724B1/ko
Priority to EP03711791.8A priority patent/EP1489766B1/en
Priority to AU2003221215A priority patent/AU2003221215B2/en
Priority to US10/508,669 priority patent/US7319888B2/en
Priority to MXPA04009319A priority patent/MXPA04009319A/es
Publication of WO2003081820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003081820A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24Cell structures
    • H04W16/28Cell structures using beam steering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/10Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between terminal device and access point, i.e. wireless air interface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and more particularly to a mobile communication system with a smart antenna, which can fully utilize the advantages of smart antenna wireless beamforming, and can efficiently transmit downlink packet-switched data ( Package Data).
  • Package Data Packet Data
  • downlink high-speed packet exchange data that is, transmission of Internet-type data
  • the mobile communication system transmits its user data to the user according to the user's requirements.
  • the current transmission implementation method can be explained by the method used in the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) general wireless packet service (GPRS): All accessing users are in a waiting state (that is, hanging on the Internet); the wireless base station uses a carrier Use one or more time slots of this carrier to send downlink data to the user one by one, and the transmission method adopted is to perform omnidirectional transmission to the entire coverage area (a cell or a sector) of the base station, so that It is guaranteed that the user can receive this downlink data no matter where the user moves to any place within the coverage area of this base station. At this time, the base station (system) does not need to know the specific location of the user, but only needs to know the cell where the user is located.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • GPRS general wireless packet service
  • the automatic retransmission (ARQ) technology is generally used, that is, the base station transmits a data packet of a specific length to the user every time the downlink data is transmitted; after the user receives the data packet: Use error correction and / or error detection coding technology (such as detection using redundant error correction technology) to check whether there are bit errors in the received data packets; when there are errors in the data packets and cannot be corrected, the user will ask the base station Resend this data packet to ensure the quality of transmission.
  • ARQ automatic retransmission
  • Figure 1 shows a typical base station transmitting high-speed downlink packet-switched data to a user terminal.
  • the mobile communication system knows that the user terminals 11, 12, and 1N are in the cell where the base station B is located, and are in a state ready to receive (such as the REDAY state in GPRS).
  • the base station B sends high-speed downlink to the terminals 11, 12 1N in turn according to the system signaling.
  • Packet switched data The header of each data packet is set with an identification mark of the user terminal, and the length of each data packet is determined by the system (generally fixed, which is the length of multiple wireless frames).
  • the base station B first sends high-speed downlink packet exchange data to the user terminal 13 by using an omnidirectional transmission method.
  • the user terminal 13 After receiving a data packet, the user terminal 13 will return to the base station a confirmation message that it has received it correctly (or propose a re- (ARQ) request, and then enter the process where the base station sends data to the user terminal 13 and the user terminal 13 receives the confirmation.
  • the base station After the base station sends the data to the first user terminal 13, it sends the data to the second user terminal 11 in sequence.
  • the base station still retransmits the data in an omnidirectional transmission mode, and then enters the process where the base station sends data to the user terminal 11 and the user terminal 11 receives the confirmation.
  • the basic working principle of a smart antenna is: The base station determines the user's position (D0A) based on the received uplink signal from the user, and uses this position to form the receiving beam on the basis of the uplink signal, and uses the shaped beam to direct the user to the user. Directly send downlink data.
  • D0A user's position
  • the position of the user is constantly changing.
  • the system must know the current position of each access user to ensure that Its downlink beamforming accurately tracks up movement Users.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a method for transmitting high-speed downlink packet exchange data with a smart antenna mobile communication system, and is a new method for transmitting downlink high-speed packet exchange data in a mobile communication system with a smart antenna. While giving full play to the advantages of smart antennas and under the premise of not occupying too much system resources, it can ensure the transmission of high-speed downlink packet exchange data.
  • a method for transmitting high-speed downlink packet exchange data by a smart antenna mobile communication system which is characterized by including the following steps:
  • the wireless base station with the smart antenna obtains the initial position information of each user terminal that is ready to receive the high-speed downlink packet-switched data
  • the wireless base station performs downlink beamforming according to the initial position information of each user terminal
  • the wireless base station uses a set of downlink data packets as a unit to send the following data packets to the user terminal in a directed manner according to the shaped beam of the current user terminal;
  • the user terminal receives a downlink data packet, performs error code checking, and confirms to the wireless base station through the uplink channel that the current data packet has been correctly received or has an error code, and requests retransmission;
  • the wireless base station obtains new azimuth information of the current user terminal according to the confirmation message, and performs new downlink beamforming according to the azimuth information, and then uses a set length and uses the new shaped beam to directionally receive the correctly received
  • the current user terminal sends the next data packet or resends the current data packet to the user terminal that requires retransmission, until the user terminal correctly receives all its downlink data packets and ends.
  • a wireless base station with a smart antenna performs a roll call on a user terminal that is ready to receive high-speed downlink packet exchange data by using an omnidirectional or sector coverage beam through a paging channel.
  • the initial position information of each user terminal is obtained from the response message of the user terminal.
  • the named user terminals are named, and the named user terminals include user terminals that are ready to receive high-speed downlink packet-switched data in any working state that is idle or working.
  • the set length of the downlink data packet is adaptively changed according to the quality of the data packet received by the user terminal.
  • the adaptive change includes:
  • the next downlink data packet is still sent with a predetermined length L, where m is a positive integer
  • the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced, and the n + 1th time of the current downlink data packet retransmission is performed, where n is a positive integer.
  • the set length of the downlink data packet is increased to 2L, and when n is 2 or 3, the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced to L / 2.
  • the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced, and the set length of the shortest downlink data packet is the data length of one time slot in one frame of data.
  • the set length of the downlink data packet is reduced, and the set length of the shortest downlink data packet is the data length of a radio frame.
  • the adaptive change includes:
  • the wireless base station first sends a downlink data packet to each user terminal with a predetermined length L; the wireless base station obtains the position information of the current user terminal and changes in the arrival delay according to the two uplink confirmation messages received by the current user terminal;
  • the position of the user terminal changes during the two times of the wireless base station, and the moving speed of the user terminal is calculated; For a user who moves fast, the wireless base station reduces the set length of the downlink data packet, and for a user who moves slowly, increases the set length of the downlink data packet.
  • the steps C to F are performed separately for all user terminals of the wireless base station that are ready to receive high-speed downlink packet exchange data. After a user terminal sequentially and correctly receives all of its downlink data packets, the wireless base station performs the next step. A user terminal sends all downlink data packets in sequence.
  • a wireless base station with a smart antenna when a wireless base station with a smart antenna is ready to transmit downlink packet-switched data to each user terminal, no matter what state the user terminal is in, it includes work in an idle state, communicating or receiving data.
  • the status must be communicated through a paging (Page) channel, that is, a roll-call process occurs, and transmission is performed after a response from the user is obtained. That is, even if the user terminal is in a certain working state, transmission cannot be performed directly.
  • Page paging
  • This process is equivalent to a handshake process.
  • a link is established between the base station and a user terminal that is ready to receive high-speed downlink packet exchange data. In this way, the wireless base station is made aware of the initial position of the user terminal, and a system with a smart antenna can perform downlink beamforming on the position information before it starts transmitting data.
  • the downlink data of a user terminal is sequentially transmitted in units of a single data packet. For each data packet transmitted, after the user receives it, whether or not If there is an error code, the user terminal should confirm it through the uplink channel, or receive it correctly or there is an error code.
  • the wireless base station can obtain the new position of the user terminal from the response signal of the user terminal, and according to this new position New beamforming of the information to make the shaped beam track the user terminal, so that the new shaped beam can be used to transmit the next data packet without error, or retransmit the previous one if there is an uncorrectable error data pack.
  • the distance of the user terminal from the base station can also be known, so as to synchronize and transmit uplink signals. Power control.
  • the method of the present invention uses a downlink data packet technology of variable length.
  • a mobile communication base station with a smart antenna transmits downlink packet exchange data
  • each data packet is transmitted according to a downlink beamforming.
  • the base station performs U-arming on the next downlink beam according to the received uplink confirmation signal.
  • the user may be in different motion states, when the movement speed is fast, it may happen that during the period of sending a data packet, the position of the user changes greatly.
  • the use of a fixed-length downlink data packet may cause the data packet transmitted by this downlink beam to be difficult to receive effectively, resulting in serious bit errors.
  • even retransmission is performed multiple times, it is impossible to obtain correct reception. If this happens, even if redundant error correction information is added, conventional methods such as adjusting the coding rate cannot solve the problem.
  • the method of the present invention adaptively changes the length of a data packet, that is, when transmitting downlink data, it starts with a relatively long data packet length to reduce the number of uplink acknowledgments and improve system efficiency.
  • the uplink acknowledgment signal sent by the user terminal after receiving a data packet if a serious bit error is reflected, such as the case that it cannot be received correctly if it is retransmitted 2 or 3 times in a row, the downlink data is immediately transmitted.
  • the packet length is reduced, for example, it is reduced to half of the original data packet length, and then retransmitted. The above process will be performed until the user terminal receives the correct data packet.
  • the shortest length of this variable-length packet can be the amount of data in one time slot in a frame; for other systems, it can be the amount of data in a radio frame.
  • the purpose of adaptively changing the length of the data packet is to speed up the process of smart antenna shaped beam tracking user speed, and finally to reach the maximum capacity of the system and smart antenna.
  • the length of the downlink data packet can be doubled. Repeat this way, adjust the length of the downlink data packet adaptively according to the quality of the transmitted data packet, give full play to the function of the smart antenna, and improve System efficiency.
  • a base station with a smart antenna can obtain information about the user's moving speed.
  • the specific method is: The base station can know the position change of the user in this period according to the change of the D0A and the arrival delay of the user obtained in the two received uplink confirmation signals of the user terminal, and can calculate the user in a simple way. The moving speed of the terminal.
  • the user terminal's moving speed After the user terminal's moving speed is obtained, it can be used as another basis for determining the length of the downlink data packet. That is, when the user terminal's moving speed is fast, the downlink data packet length is reduced; when the user terminal's moving speed is slow, it is increased. Large downstream packet length.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical traditional process for transmitting high-speed downlink packet exchange data
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for transmitting downlink high-speed packet exchange data in a mobile communication system using a smart antenna according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow block diagram of an adaptive adjustment data packet according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring the moving speed of a user terminal using a smart antenna.
  • the system knows the user terminal
  • 21, 22 2N are both in the cell where the base station B is located, and are in a state ready to receive. However, the system does not know the specific location (orientation) of these user terminals.
  • a process in which a wireless base station with a smart antenna transmits a downlink data packet to a user terminal includes:
  • Step (1) the base station (B) sends the signals to the terminals 23, 21 in sequence according to the system signaling.
  • 2N When 2N sends a downlink data packet, it will first use an omnidirectional or sector coverage beam, and roll call the first user terminal 23 in the Page channel;
  • Step (2) after receiving the roll call, the named user terminal 23 will respond through a reverse access channel (RACH);
  • RACH reverse access channel
  • Step (3) After the roll call and the handshake are successful, the base station sends the first high-speed downlink exchanged data packet to the user terminal 23 in a downlink traffic channel by using a shaped beam according to the received position of the user terminal 23;
  • step (4) after receiving the data packet, the user terminal 23 performs error correction and / or error detection coding, that is, checks whether there is an error code in the received data packet, and returns a correct reception to the base station when the check result is correct reception.
  • a confirmation message when there is an error in the data packet and cannot be corrected, a retransmission request (ARQ) is submitted to the base station;
  • Step (5) the base station can obtain the new position of the user terminal 23 according to the uplink signal of the user terminal 23, and can perform beamforming update, and then send the next data packet (when properly received) or re-send to the user terminal. Send the previous data packet (when the received data packet has an error code), until the user terminal correctly receives each downlink data packet, that is, the entire process of sending a user terminal 23 data packet and receiving confirmation of the user terminal 23 is completed.
  • Steps (6) to (12) and then use the same method to sequentially perform the process of sending to the second user terminal 21 and obtaining its reception confirmation, where steps 9 and 10 are that the user terminal 21 received the data packet incorrectly A code, a request for base station retransmission (ARQ), and a process in which the base station performs data packet retransmission using the updated beamforming.
  • steps 9 and 10 are that the user terminal 21 received the data packet incorrectly A code, a request for base station retransmission (ARQ), and a process in which the base station performs data packet retransmission using the updated beamforming.
  • FIG. 3 shows a process in which a base station adaptively adjusts the length of a downlink data packet.
  • the process of sending a data packet to the user terminal 23 in FIG. 2 is taken as an example to describe a method for adaptively adjusting the length of a data packet, which includes the following steps : Steps 31 and 32: The base station sends the i-th data packet to the user terminal 23 according to the shaped beam and data packet length L determined when the i-1 (that is, the previous) data packet is sent;
  • Step 33 After sending the i-th data packet, the base station will obtain a response message of the user terminal from the uplink. If the reception is correct, it will confirm it. If an error occurs, it will retransmit and record the i-th The number of data packet retransmissions n;
  • step 32 is performed to retransmit the i-th data packet with the new data packet length L / 2. If the number of retransmissions n is not greater than or equal to 2 or 3, directly perform step 31, and still use the original packet length. L retransmits the i-th data packet;
  • Step 38 If the i-th data packet is correctly received by the user terminal 23 and records the number of consecutive error-free packets m, the system further checks whether the data packet is completely sent. If it is completed, the data sending process to the user terminal 23 ends, and the process turns to step. 30, end the process of sending a data packet to the user terminal 23, if not completed, go to step 36;
  • Step 36 It is further checked whether the number of consecutive error-free packets m is greater than or equal to a predetermined number, such as 2 or 3, that is, 2 or 3 consecutive data packets can be correctly received by the user terminal 23 without retransmission;
  • Step 37 if one or three consecutive data packets can be correctly received by the user terminal 23 without retransmission, the data packet length L is doubled to 2L, and then returns to step 31 to send the next first (I + 1) data packets;
  • Step 35 If the number of consecutive error-free packets m is less than 2 or 3, keep the current data packet length L, return to step 31, and send the next (i + 1) th data packet. This reciprocation achieves the purpose of adaptively adjusting the packet length.
  • the figure shows a method for determining the moving speed of a user terminal by using smart antenna technology, so as to adjust the length of a data packet appropriately.
  • 41 indicates a base station
  • 42 and 43 indicate user terminals at t. , 1 ⁇ at the moment.
  • a system (such as TD-SCDMA) can obtain the existing technology of the user terminal position (DOA) and distance from the base station in the communication state.
  • DOA user terminal position
  • the azimuth and distance information of the user terminal obtained through the two measurements can simply calculate the current moving speed of the user terminal.
  • the wireless base station reduces the set length of the downlink data packet for users moving fast, and increases the set length of the downlink data packet for users moving slowly.
  • the user terminal is in position 42 and its orientation is ⁇ . (In the reference direction shown in the figure), the distance from the base station 41 is d. At time, the user terminal is at position 43, and its orientation is (in the reference direction shown in the figure), and the distance from the base station 41 is that the user terminal is at t.
  • the moving speed V during the period is:
  • the environmental environment Due to the overall working environment of the mobile telecommunications system, the environmental environment is more complex and complicated. Under the urban environment, the streets, streets, and streets The complex and complex retro-reflective shooting conditions of high-rise buildings and so on will lead to larger measurement errors and errors, but in this environment, users The terminal terminal is also impossible to move at a very fast speed. Therefore, the present invention clearly recommends that it be used in the urban environment.
  • the above-mentioned methods for measuring and measuring speed and speed are used to perform self-adaptive adaptation of line number data, packet length, and length. However, in the far suburban suburbs and open and wide environment Under the circumstance, this method of measurement and measurement method may be able to obtain better results, which can be used as a transmission to the next line. Judgment of the initial initial value of the line number data packet length length degree It is. .
  • the method and method proposed in the present invention can be used for frequency division duplex duplexing ((FFDDDD)) or time division duplex duplexing ((TTDDDD)).
  • FFDDDD frequency division duplex duplexing
  • TTDDDD time division duplex duplexing

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)

Description

智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行包交换数据的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术领域, 更确切地说是涉及一种在具有智能 天线的移动通信系统中, 既可充分发挥智能天线无线波束赋形的优势, 又能高效率传输下行的包交换数据 ( Package Data ) 的方法。 发明背景
在未来移动通信系统中, 下行高速包交换数据, 即传输互联网类型 的数据是一项非常重要的业务。 移动通信系统根据用户的要求, 向用户 传输其用户数据。
目前的传输实施方法可以用全球移动通信系统 (GSM )通用无线分 组业务(GPRS ) 中使用的方法来说明: 所有接入的用户均处于等待接收 状态 (即挂在网上); 无线基站使用一个载波, 利用此载波的一个或多 个时隙, 将下行数据一个接一个地向用户发送, 采用的发射方式是向此 基站的全部覆盖区 (一个小区或一个扇区) 内作全向发射, 以保证不论 用户移动到此基站覆盖区内的任何地点均能够接收到此下行数据。 此 时, 基站(系统)并不需要知道用户所在的具体位置, 而只要知道此用 户所在的小区。
为保证此下行数据的传输质量, 一般均采用自动重发(ARQ )技术, 即基站在每次下行数据传送时, 都向用户传送一个特定长度的数据包; 在用户收到此数据包后釆用纠错和 /或检错编码技术(如采用冗余纠错 技术进行检测), 检查收到的数据包中是否有误码; 当数据包中有误码 且无法纠正时, 用户将要求基站将此数据包重发, 以保证传输的质量。
图 1中示出一典型的基站向用户终端传输高速下行的包交换数据的 传统流程。 移动通信系统知道用户终端 11、 12 、 1N均处于基站 B 所在的小区, 并处于准备接收状态(如 GPRS 中的 REDAY状态); 基站 B 根据系统信令, 依次向终端 11、 12 1N发送高速下行包交换数 据。 每个数据包的包头设置有用户终端的识别标志, 每个数据包的长度 由系统决定(一般是固定的, 是多个无线帧的长度)。
如图中所示的基站 B,用全向发射方式先向用户终端 13发送高速下 行包交换数据, 用户终端 13接收完一数据包后, 将向基站返回已正确 接收的确认消息(或提出重发(ARQ)要求), 然后进入基站向用户终端 13 发送数据完毕和用户终端 13接收确认的过程。 基站向第一个用户终端 13发送完毕后, 再顺序向第二个用户终端 11发送。 基站接收到用户终 端 11 的重发请求后, 仍以全向发射方式进行数据重发, 然后进入基站 向用户终端 11发送数据完毕和用户终端 11接收确认的过程。
另一方面, 现代移动通信技术发展的一个最主要的方向是使用智能 天线技术。 在无线基站中使用了智能天线后, 既能大大提高系统的性能 和容量, 又能降低系统设备的成本。
智能天线的基本工作原理是: 基站根据接收到的、 来自用户的上行 信号判断用户所在的方位(D0A ), 并以此方位对上行信号进行接收波束 赋形的基 上, 用赋形波束向用户定向发送下行数据。
显然,若使用前述的、连续向各个用户发送下行包交换数据的方式, 由于不知道用户所处的方位, 也就只能用全覆盖的波束来进行发送, 不 可能发挥智能天线下行波束赋形所带来的优势, 没有利用智能天线的优 点。
然而在移动通信系统中, 用户的位置总是不停地在变化着, 在传输 高速下行包交换数据时, 要充分发挥智能天线的优势, 系统必须知道每 个接入用户的当前位置, 才能保证其下行波束赋形, 准确地跟踪上运动 中的用户。
上述问题在目前的移动通信系统和标准中还均未见有解决方案。 发明内容
本发明的目的是设计一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行包交 换数据的方法, 是一种新的、 在具有智能天线的移动通信系统中, 传输 下行高速包交换数据的方法。 在充分发挥智能天线优势的同时和在不过 多占用系统资源的前提下, 能保证高速下行包交换数据的传输。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是这样的: 一种智能天线移动通信系统 传输高速下行包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于包括以下步驟:
A.具有智能天线的无线基站获得每个准备接收高速下行的包交换数 据用户终端的初始方位信息;
B. 无线基站按每个用户终端的初始方位信息进行下行波束赋形;
C. 无线基站以一设定长度的下行数据包为单位,根据当前用户终端 的赋形波束定向地向该用户终端发送一下行数据包;
D. 用户终端接收到一个下行数据包, 进行误码检查, 通过上行信道 向无线基站确认当前数据包已正确接收或存在误码、 要求重发;
E. 无线基站根据确认消息, 获得当前用户终端新的方位信息, 并根 据该方位信息进行新的下行波束赋形 , 再以一设定长度和利用新的赋形 波束定向地向已正确接收的当前用户终端发送下一个数据包或向要求 重发的用户终端重发当前数据包, 直至该用户终端正确接收其所有的下 行数据包后结束。
所述的步骤 A, 具有智能天线的无线基站通过寻呼信道, 使用全向 或扇区覆盖波束对准备接收高速下行包交换数据的用户终端进行点名, 从用户终端的回应消息中获得每个用户终端的初始方位信息。
所述的对用户终端进行点名, 被点名的用户终端包括处于空闲或工 作的任何工作状态下、 准备接收高速下行的包交换数据的用户终端。
所述的下行数据包的设定长度是根据用户终端接收数据包的质量情 况作自适应变化的。
所述的自适应变化, 包括:
先以一预定长度 L向当前用户终端发送下行数据包;
在当前用户终端连续 m次正确接收下行数据包时, 增加下行数据包 的设定长度, 进行第 m + 1次下行数据包发送;
在当前用户终端连续正确接收下行数据包的次数小于 m时, 仍以预 定长度 L发送下一个下行数据包, m为正整数;
在当前用户终端连续 n次要求重发当前下行数据包时, 减小下行数 据包的设定长度, 进行第 n + 1次当前下行数据包重发, n为正整数。
在所述 m为 2或 3时, 将下行数据包的设定长度增加为 2L , 在所述 n为 2或 3时, 将下行数据包的设定长度减小为 L/2。
所述的减小下行数据包的设定长度, 最短的下行数据包的设定长度 为一帧数据中一个时隙的数据量长度。
所述的减小下行数据包的设定长度, 最短的下行数据包的设定长度 为一无线帧的数据量长度。
所述的自适应变化, 包括:
无线基站先以一预定长度 L向每一用户终端发送下行数据包; 无线基站根据接收到的当前用户终端的两次上行确认消息, 获得该 当前用户终端的方位信息和到达时延的变化;
无线基站 居两个时刻期间该用户终端的位置变化, 计算该用户终 端的移动速度; 无线基站对于移动速度快的用户, 减小其下行数据包的设定长度, 对于移动速度慢的用户, 增加其下行数据包的设定长度。
所述的步驟 C至 F, 是分别对无线基站的所有准备接收高速下行包 交换数据的用户终端逐个进行的, 在一用户终端顺序并正确接收其所有 的下行数据包后, 无线基站再对下一个用户终端顺序进行全部下行数据 包发送。
在本发明的方案中, 具有智能天线的无线基站在准备向每个用户终 端传输下行的包交换数据时, 无论用户终端处于何种状态, 包括处于空 闲状态、 正在进行通信或正在接收数据的工作状态, 都必须先通过寻呼 ( Page )信道进行联络, 即发生一个点名过程, 在获得用户的回应后再 进行传输。 也即, 即使用户终端处于某种工作状态下, 也不能直接进行 传输。 此过程相当于一个握手的过程, 基站与准备接收高速下行包交换 数据的用户终端间建立起链路。 这样, 让无线基站知道用户终端的初始 方位, 供具有智能天线的系统对此方位信息进行下行波束赋形, 然后才 开始传送数据。
在本发明的方案中, 在传送高速下行包交换数据过程中, 一用户终 端的下行数据是以单个数据包为单位顺序传送的, 对所传送的每个数据 包, 在用户接收后, 不论是否存在误码, 用户终端都应当通过上行信道 予以确认, 或者正确接收或者存在误码, 无线基站从用户终端的回应信 号中, 又可获得用户终端所处的新的方位, 并根据此新的方位信息进行 新的波束赋形, 使赋形波束跟踪用户终端, 以便用新的赋形波束在无误 码的情况下传输下一个数据包, 或在存在无法纠正的误码的情况下重发 前一个数据包。
在同步 CDMA (如 TD - SCDMA ) 系统中, 通过采用本发明的方法, 还 可知道用户终端离开基站的距离, 以便对上行信号进行同步和进行发射 功率的控制。
在高速下行包交换数据的传输过程中, 本发明方法中使用了可变长 度的下行数据包技术。 具有智能天线的移动通信基站在发射下行包交换 数据时, 每个数据包都是按一个下行波束赋形来进行发送的。 基站根据 所收到的上行确认信号对下一个下行波束进行 U武形。 由于用户可能处于 不同的运动状态, 当移动速度很快时, 可能出现在发送一个数据包的期 间内, 会发生用户位置有较大变化的情况。 特别是在电波传播环境有较 大变化的情况下, 采用固定长度的下行数据包, 可能会导致此下行波束 发射的数据包难以被有效接收的情况, 造成严重误码。 对此, 即使多次 重发, 也不可能获得正确地接收。 如果出现此种情况, 即使增加冗余纠 错信息, 调整编码速率等常规手段也是解决不了问题的。
本发明的方法是自适应地改变数据包的长度, 即在传输下行数据 时, 开始是用比较长的数据包长度传输, 以减少上行确认的次数, 提高 系统效率。 但在用户终端接收到一个数据包后所发出的上行确认信号 中, 如果反映出有严重误码的情况时, 如连续重发 2至 3次均不能被正 确接收的情况下, 立即将下行数据包的长度降低, 如降低为原数据包长 度的一半, 然后再重发, 以上过程将进行到用户终端接收到正确数据包 时为止。
对 TD- SCDMA 系统, 此可变长度数据包的最短长度可为一帧中一个 时隙的数据量; 对其他系统, 则可为一个无线帧(Radio frame)的数据 量。
自适应地改变数据包的长度, 是为了加快智能天线赋形波束跟踪用 户速度的过程, 最终达到系统和智能天线的最大能力。 当接收质量很好 时, 则可将下行数据包的长度加倍。 如此往复, 根据所传输数据包的质 量来自适应地调整下行数据包的长度, 充分发挥智能天线的功能, 提高 系统的效率。
显然, 如果能知道用户的移动速度, 则上述调整下行数据包长度的 过程会变得更为快捷和有效。 因为用户在高速移动时, 电波传播条件最 为恶劣, 出现误码的概率比较高。 对同步 CDMA (如 TD - SCDMA ) 系统, 具有智能天线的基站是可以获得用户移动速度的信息的。 具体方法是: 基站根据收到的两次用户终端上行确认信号中所获得的用户的 D0A和到 达时延的变化, 就可以知道用户在此时期内的位置变化, 并可筒单地计 算出用户终端的移动速度。 获得用户终端的移动速度后, 就可以用来作 为确定下行数据包长度的另外一个依据, 即用户终端的移动速度快时, 则减小下行数据包长度; 用户终端的移动速度慢时, 则增大下行数据包 长度。 附图简要说明
图 1是典型的传输高速下行包交换数据的传统流程示意图; 图 2是本发明的在使用智能天线的移动通信系统中, 传输下行高速 包交换数据的流程示意图;
图 3是本发明自适应调整数据包的流程框图;
图 4是利用智能天线测量用户终端移动速度的原理示意图。 实施本发明的方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述。
参见图 2, 在具有智能天线的移动通信系统中, 系统知道用户终端
21、 22 2N均处于基站 B所在的小区, 并处于准备接收状态。 但 是, 系统并不知道这些用户终端的具体位置(方位)。
具有智能天线的无线基站向用户终端传输下行数据包的过程, 包 括:
步骤(1 ), 基站(B )根据系统信令, 依次向终端 23、 21
2N发送下行数据包时, 将首先采用全向或扇区覆盖波束, 在寻呼(Page) 信道中对第一个用户终端 23进行点名;
步骤(2 ), 被点名的用户终端 23在接收到点名呼叫后, 将通过反 向接入信道 (RACH)进行应答;
步骤(3 ), 在点名、 握手成功后, 基站根据接收到的用户终端 23 的方位, 在下行业务信道中用赋形波束向用户终端 23发送第一个高速 下行的交换数据包;
步骤(4 ), 用户终端 23接收完毕此数据包后, 进行纠错和 /或检错 编码, 即检查接收的数据包中是否存在有误码, 检查结果为正确接收时 向基站返回接收正确的确认消息, 当数据包中存在误码且无法纠正时向 基站提出重发请求(ARQ) ;
步驟(5 ), 然后, 基站根据用户终端 23 的该上行信号, 可获得用 户终端 23 的新方位, 可进行波束赋形更新, 并再向用户终端发送下一 个数据包(正确接收时)或重发前一个数据包(接收数据包有误码时), 直至用户终端正确接收完每一个下行数据包, 即完成一个用户终端 23 数据包发送完毕及用户终端 23接收确认的全过程。
步驟(6 )至(12 ), 然后使用相同方法再顺序进行向第二个用户终 端 21进行发送与获得其接收确认的过程, 其中的步骤 9、 10是用户终 端 21在接收的数据包有误码、 要求基站重发(ARQ )和基站用更新后的 波束赋形进行数据包重发的过程。
参见图 3, 图中示出基站自适应地调整下行数据包长度的过程, 是 以图 2 中向用户终端 23发送数据包的过程为例, 说明自适应调整数据 包长度的方法, 包括以下步骤: 步骤 31、 32, 基站按发送第 i - 1 (即前一个)个数据包时所确定 的赋形波束和数据包长度 L向用户终端 23发送第 i 个数据包;
步骤 33, 基站在发送完第 i 个数据包后, 将从上行链路获得用户 终端的应答消息, 如果接收正确则予以确认, 如果出现误码, 则将进行 重发, 并记录该第 i 个数据包重发的次数 n;
步骤 34 , 进行重发前, 要检查重发次数 n是否大于等于一预定数, 如 2或 3, 当重发次数 n大于等于 2或 3时, 则将数据包长度减少为原 长度的一半, L = L/2 , 但不能小于长度的最小值 Lmim (最短的下行数据 包的设定长度为一帧数据中一个时隙的数据量长度, 或者为一无线帧的 数据量长度)。
然后, 再执行步驟 32以新的数据包长度 L/2进行第 i 个数据包的 重发, 如果重发次数 n不大于等于 2或 3时, 则直接执行步骤 31 , 仍用 原数据包长度 L进行第 i 个数据包的重发;
步骤 38 , 如果第 i个数据包被用户终端 23正确接收, 记录连续无 误码包数 m, 系统进一步检查数据包是否发送完毕, 如果完毕, 则结束 向用户终端 23的数据发送过程, 转为步骤 30, 结束向用户终端 23发送 数据包的过程, 如未完毕, 则执行步骤 36;
步骤 36 , 进一步检查连续无误码包数 m是否大于等于一预定数, 如 2或 3, 即有连续 2个或 3个数据包都能在无需重发的情况下被用户终 端 23正确接收;
步骤 37 ,如果有连续 1个或 3个数据包都能在无需重发的情况下被 用户终端 23正确接收, 则将数据包长度 L增加一倍为 2L, 然后返回步 骤 31 , 发送下一个第(i+1)个数据包;
步骤 35 , 如果连续无误码包数 m小于 2或 3, 则保持当前数据包长 度 L, 返回步驟 31 , 发送下一个第(i+1)个数据包。 如此往复, 达到自适应调整数据包长度的目的。
参见图 4 , 图中示出利用智能天线技术确定用户终端移动速度的方 法, 以便自适 地调整数据包的长度。 图中 41表示基站, 42、 43表示 用户终端分别在 t。、 1^时刻时的位置。
基于智能天线同步 C應 A系统(如 TD-SCDMA)可以获得处于通信状态 下用户终端方位(D0A)及离基站距离的已有技术, 在基站向每个用户终 端传输下行数据包时, 通过两次测量获得的用户终端的方位和距离信 息, 可以简单的计算出用户终端的当前移动速度。 无线基站对于移动速 度快的用户, 减小其下行数据包的设定长度, 对于移动速度慢的用户, 增加其下行数据包的设定长度。
如在图中的 t。时刻, 用户终端处于 42位置, 其方位为 α。(按图中 所示参考方向), 离基站 41的距离为 d。; 而在 时刻, 用户终端处于 43位置, 其方位为 (按图中所示参考方向), 离基站 41的距离为 则该用户终端在此 t。至 期间的移动速度 V为:
Figure imgf000012_0001
由由于于移移动动通通信信系系统统的的工工作作环环境境是是比比较较复复杂杂的的,,在在城城市市环环境境下下,, 街街道道、、 高高楼楼等等的的复复杂杂反反射射情情况况将将导导致致比比较较大大的的测测量量误误差差 ,,但但在在此此环环境境下下,, 用用户户 终终端端也也不不可可能能以以很很快快的的速速度度移移动动,, 故故本本发发明明不不建建议议在在城城市市环环境境中中使使用用上上 述述测测量量速速度度的的方方法法进进行行数数据据包包长长度度的的自自适适应应调调整整,, 而而在在远远郊郊区区和和开开阔阔环环 境境下下,, 此此测测量量方方法法就就可可能能获获得得比比较较好好的的结结果果,, 可可以以被被利利用用来来作作为为传传送送下下 行行数数据据包包长长度度初初始始值值的的判判据据。。
本本发发明明所所提提出出的的方方法法可可以以用用于于频频分分双双工工((FFDDDD ))或或时时分分双双工工((TTDDDD ))、、 工工 * 动动通通信信系系统统中中。。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行包交换數据的方法, 其特征在于包括以下步骤:
A.具有智能天线的无线基站获得每个准备接收高速下行的包交换数 据用户终端的初始方位信息;
B. 无线基站按每个用户终端的初始方位信息进行下行波束赋形;
C. 无线基站以一设定长度的下行数据包为单位,根据当前用户终端 的赋形波束定向地向该用户终端发送一下行数据包;
D. 用户终端接收到一个下行数据包, 进行误码检查, 通过上行信道 向无线基站确认当前数据包已正确接收或存在误码、 要求重发;
E. 无线基站根据确认消息, 获得当前用户终端新的方位信息, 并根 据该方位信息进行新的下行波束赋形, 再以一设定长度和利用新的赋形 波束定向地向已正确接收的当前用户终端发送下一个数据包或向要求 重发的用户终端重发当前数据包, 直至该用户终端正确接收其所有的下 行数据包后结束。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行 包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 A , 具有智能天线的无线 基站通过寻呼信道, 使用全向或扇区覆盖波束对准备接收高速下行包交 换数据的用户终端进行点名, 从用户终端的回应消息中获得每个用户终 端的初始方位信息。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行 包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的对用户终端进行点名, 被点名 的用户终端包括处于空闲或工作的任何工作状态下、 准备接收高速下行 的包交换数据的用户终端。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行 包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的下行数据包的设定长度是根据 用户终端接收数据包的质量情况作自适应变化的。
5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下 行包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于所述的自适应变化, 包括:
先以一预定长度 L向当前用户终端发送下行数据包;
在当前用户终端连续 m次正确接收下行数据包时, 增加下行数据包 的设定长度, 进行第 m + 1次下行数据包发送;
在当前用户终端连续正确接收下行 :据包的次数小于 m时, 仍以预 定长度 L发送下一个下行数据包, m为正整数;
在当前用户终端连续 n次要求重发当前下行数据包时, 減小下行数 据包的设定长度, 进行第 n + 1次当前下行数据包重发, n为正整数。
6.根据权利要求 5所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行 包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 在所述 m为 2或 3时, 将下行数据包 的设定长度增加为 2L, 在所述 n为 2或 3时, 将下行数据包的设定长度 减小为 L/ 2。
7.根据权利要求 4或 5所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速 下行包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的减小下行数据包的设定长 度, 最短的下行数据包的设定长度为一帧数据中一个时隙的数据量长 度。
8.根据权利要求 4或 5所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速 下行包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的减小下行数据包的设定长 度, 最短的下行数据包的设定长度为一无线帧的数据量长度。
9. 根据权利要求 4 所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下 行包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于所述的自适应变化, 包括:
无线基站先以一预定长度 L向每一用户终端发送下行数据包; 无线基站根据接收到的当前用户终端的两次上行确认消息, 获得该 当前用户终端的方位信息和到达时延的变化;
无线基站根据两个时刻期间该用户终端的位置变化, 计算该用户终 端的移动速度;
无线基站对于移动速度快的用户, 减小其下行数据包的设定长度, 对于移动速度慢的用户, 增加其下行数据包的设定长度。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下 行包交换数据的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 C至 F, 是分别对无线 基站的所有准备接收高速下行包交换数据的用户终端逐个进行的, 在一 用户终端顺序并正确接收其所有的下行数据包后, 无线基站再对下一个 用户终端顺序进行全部下行数据包发送。
PCT/CN2003/000173 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 Procede de systeme de communication mobile avec antenne intelligente WO2003081820A1 (fr)

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JP2003579398A JP4241395B2 (ja) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 スマートアンテナを持つ移動通信システムにおける方法
CA002480402A CA2480402C (en) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 Method for transmitting high-speed downlink package data in mobile communication system with smart antenna
BRPI0308789A BRPI0308789B1 (pt) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 método para transmitir dados em pacote de ligação inferior de alta velocidade em sistema de comunicação móvel com antena inteligente
KR1020047015520A KR100713724B1 (ko) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 스마트 안테나를 구비하는 이동 통신 시스템의 고속다운링크 패키지 데이터 전송 방법
EP03711791.8A EP1489766B1 (en) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 Method for data transmission in a mobile communication system with smart antennas
AU2003221215A AU2003221215B2 (en) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 Method of mobile communication system with smart antenna
US10/508,669 US7319888B2 (en) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 Method of mobile communication system with smart antenna
MXPA04009319A MXPA04009319A (es) 2002-03-27 2003-03-07 Metodo para transmitir dato en paquetes de enlace descendente de alta velocidad en un sistema de comunicacion movil con antena inteligente.

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CNB021165092A CN1172549C (zh) 2002-03-27 2002-03-27 智能天线移动通信系统传输高速下行包交换数据的方法
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EP1489766B1 (en) 2013-07-24
BRPI0308789B1 (pt) 2016-11-16
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JP4241395B2 (ja) 2009-03-18
US7319888B2 (en) 2008-01-15
RU2004131836A (ru) 2005-06-27
MXPA04009319A (es) 2005-06-08
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