WO2003076516A2 - Compositions de poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) - Google Patents
Compositions de poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003076516A2 WO2003076516A2 PCT/FR2003/000720 FR0300720W WO03076516A2 WO 2003076516 A2 WO2003076516 A2 WO 2003076516A2 FR 0300720 W FR0300720 W FR 0300720W WO 03076516 A2 WO03076516 A2 WO 03076516A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/14—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/16—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compositions comprising polymers of the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) type.
- the invention also relates to the cured products capable of being obtained by heat treatment of said compositions.
- the polymer compositions according to the invention can in particular be used in matrices for composites.
- the technical field of the present invention can be defined as that of thermostable plastics, that is to say polymers which can withstand high temperatures which can reach for example up to 600 ° C.
- thermostable plastics that is to say polymers which can withstand high temperatures which can reach for example up to 600 ° C.
- the industrial needs for such thermostable plastics have increased enormously in recent decades, particularly in the electronic and aerospace fields.
- metals such as iron, titanium and steel are thermally very resistant, but they are heavy.
- Aluminum is light but not very resistant to heat, ie up to around 300 ° C.
- Ceramics such as SiC, If 3 N 4 and silica are lighter than metals and very resistant to heat but they are not moldable. This is the reason why many plastics have been synthesized which are light, moldable and have good mechanical properties; these are mainly carbon-based polymers.
- Polyimides have the highest heat resistance of all plastics with a thermal deformation temperature of 460 ° C, however these compounds which are listed as being the most stable known at present are very difficult to use.
- Other polymers such as polybenzimidazoles, polybenzothiazoles and polybenzooxazoles have a heat resistance still higher than that of polyimides but they are not moldable and they are flammable.
- Silicon carbide SiC type silicon carbide SiC type
- resist compounds silicon conductive materials
- process (C) makes it possible to obtain polymers without structural defects with good yields and a low mass distribution.
- thermosetting polymers The compounds obtained by this process are perfectly pure and have perfectly characterized thermal properties. These are thermosetting polymers.
- This document also discloses the preparation of the above-mentioned polymers reinforced with glass, carbon or SiC fibers.
- polymers are prepared essentially by the method of scheme (C) and optionally by the process of scheme (B), and they have a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000.
- document also describes cured products based on these polymers and their preparation by a heat treatment. It is indicated that the polymers of this document can be used as thermostable polymer, fire-resistant polymer, conductive polymer, material for electroluminescent elements. In fact, it appears that such polymers are essentially used as organic precursors of ceramics.
- the excellent thermal stability of the polymers prepared in particular in document EP-B1-0 617 073 makes them capable of constituting the resin forming the organic matrix of thermostable composite materials. Many techniques for making composites exist.
- Prepregs are semi-finished products of small thickness made of fibers impregnated with resin.
- the prepregs which are intended for producing high performance composite structures contain at least 50% fiber by volume.
- the matrix must have a low viscosity to penetrate the reinforcing ply and properly impregnate the fiber in order to avoid its distortion and to preserve its integrity.
- the reinforcing fibers are impregnated either by a resin solution in an appropriate solvent, or by pure resin in the molten state, this is the so-called "hot elt" technique.
- the technology for manufacturing prepregs with a thermoplastic matrix is largely governed by the morphology of the polymers.
- Injection molding is a process which consists in injecting the liquid resin into the textile reinforcement previously positioned in the impression formed by the mold and the counter-mold.
- the most important parameter is the viscosity which must be between 100 and 1000 mPa.s at the injection temperature which is generally 50 to 250 ° C.
- viscosity is therefore the critical parameter which conditions the ability of the polymer to be used.
- amorphous polymers correspond to macromolecules whose skeletal structure is completely disordered. They are characterized by their glass transition temperature (Tg) corresponding to the transition from the glassy state to the rubbery state. Beyond Tg, thermoplastics are however characterized by a high creep resistance.
- the polymers prepared in document EP-B1-0 617 073 are compounds which are in powder form. The inventors were able to show, by reproducing the syntheses described in this document, that the polymers prepared would produce glass transition temperatures close to 50 ° C. Before this temperature, the viscosity of the polymer is infinite and beyond this temperature, the viscosity decreases as the temperature is increased.
- FR-A-2 798 662 for the meaning of the various symbols used in these formulas. It is important to note that the polymers according to FR-A-2 798 662 have a structure substantially similar to that of the polymers of document EP-B1-0 617 073, with the fundamental exception, however, of the presence at the end of chain of Y groups from a chain limiting agent.
- the thermostable polymers of FR-A-2 798 622 have perfectly defined and modular rheological properties, which allows their use as matrices for thermostable composites. All of the properties of these polymers are described in FR-A-2 798 622, to which reference may be made.
- Document FR-A-2 798 622 also describes a process for the synthesis of these thermostable polymers.
- the developed technique allows the viscosity of the polymer to be adjusted at will, depending on the technological constraints of processing the composite. This property is intimately linked to the molecular weight of the polymer. Low viscosities are observed on polymers with low molecular weights. Control masses is obtained by adding to the reaction medium a reactive species which blocks the polymerization reaction without affecting the overall yield of the reaction.
- This species is an analogue of one of the two reagents, used for the synthesis of the polymer but carrying a single function allowing coupling. When this species is introduced into the polymer chain, growth is stopped. The length of the polymer is then easily controlled by metered additions of chain limiter.
- a detailed description of the processes for the synthesis of the polymers described above is given in document FR-A-2 798 622, to which reference may be made.
- the prepolymers prepared both in document EP-B1-0 617 073 from ITOH and in document FR-A-2 798 622 from BUVAT, being thermosets, the crosslinking of these materials is thermally activated.
- the first mechanism is a Diels Aider reaction, involving an acetylenic bond coupled to an aromatic nucleus, on the one hand, and another aromatic bond, on the other.
- This reaction can be illustrated as follows:
- the structures obtained by this mechanism are therefore highly aromatic and contain numerous unsaturated bonds. These characteristics are at the origin of the excellent thermal properties observed on these polymers.
- the second mechanism, involved in the crosslinking reaction of poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) prepolymers is a hydrosilylation reaction, involving the SiH bond and an acetylene triple bond. This reaction can be illustrated as follows:
- a polymer network is, among other things, defined by the crosslinking density and by the length of the chain links which separate two crosslinking points. These characteristics largely govern the mechanical properties of polymers. Thus, highly crosslinked networks and weak links are classified in the range of materials with low deformation capacity. Phéholic resins or cyanate phenolic ester resins are in particular part of this class of materials.
- crosslinking involves the acetylenic triple bonds, simply separated by an aromatic ring. Consequently, the crosslinking density is very strong and the internode links very short. Cured materials based on poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) are therefore part of the polymer matrices having a low deformation capacity.
- the crosslinking density can be controlled during the processing of the polymer by suitable heat treatments. Indeed, the crosslinking of the polymer stops, when the mobility of the macromolecular chains is no longer sufficient. It is assumed that this mobility is sufficient, as soon as the processing temperature is higher than the glass transition temperature of the network. Consequently, the glass transition temperature cannot exceed that of processing and the crosslinking density is therefore controlled by the polymer curing temperature.
- sub-crosslinked materials are unstable materials whose use, at temperatures higher than that of implementation, will cause an evolution of the structure.
- the mechanical properties of poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) are therefore difficult to modulate by heat treatment.
- the nature of the chemical groups carried by the silicon is however capable of modulating these properties.
- compositions comprising polymers of the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) type which give, by heat treatment, hardened products whose mechanical properties are improved and in which in particular the brittleness, the brittle nature and the hardness are reduced , conversely, flexibility and suppleness are increased.
- These mechanical properties must be obtained without the other advantageous properties of these cured products, in particular, again, in terms of thermal stability, being affected.
- this polymer and the composition containing it must have a sufficiently low viscosity so that it can be used, manipulated, "processable" at temperatures for example from 100 to 120 ° C. which are the temperatures commonly used. used in injection or impregnation techniques.
- the object of the invention is to provide polymer compositions of the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) type which meet, inter alia, these needs, which do not have the defects, drawbacks, limitations and disadvantages of the polymer compositions of the art as shown in particular by documents EP-B1-0 617 073 and FR-A-2 798 622, and which solve the problems of the prior art.
- compositions comprising the mixture of at least one poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) polymer and at least one compound capable of exerting an effect. plasticizer in the mixture, once it has hardened.
- compositions comprising the mixture of a specific poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) polymer and of a compound capable, capable of exerting a plasticizing effect in the mixture, a once hardened, are not described in the prior art.
- a specific mixture comprising, in addition to a poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) polymer, a compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect in the mixture once cured leads, precisely and surprisingly to compounds, cured products, whose mechanical properties are greatly improved compared to the hardened products of the prior art, as described, for example, in documents EP-B1-0 617 073 and FR-A-2 798 622, without their thermal properties , which remain excellent, are not affected.
- the cured products prepared by heat treatment are more flexible, more flexible, less brittle than the cured products prepared by heat treatment of the compositions according to the prior art containing a poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) , and which basically do not include a compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect.
- compositions according to the invention thanks in particular to their fundamental characteristic, which is the presence of a compound capable of exerting a "plasticizing” effect, in mixture with the polymer, provide a solution to the problems posed in the prior art and meet the needs listed above.
- the fundamental compound included in the mixture of the composition of the invention is defined as a compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect in the mixture, once the latter has hardened.
- the term “compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect in the mixture”, once it has hardened, is understood to mean any compound which causes an increase (even minimal) in the “plastic” character of the hardened product. that is to say an increase in the deformability of the material constituted by the hardened product under stress - compared to a hardened product not containing said compound.
- the compound exerts an effect of reduction in rigidity, hardness and, conversely, increasing the flexibility of the flexibility of the cured product compared to a cured product including the same polymer, but not containing said compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect.
- the compound "capable of exerting a plasticizing effect” is not necessarily a compound, called plasticizer, as it is commonly defined, in particular in the field of plastics and plastics.
- this compound can be chosen from many compounds which are not generally defined as being plasticizers, but which, in the context of the invention, are suitable compounds, in that they have a plasticizing effect in the hardened product.
- plasticizers known as such can also be used as said compound.
- the hardened products prepared from poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) being extremely hard, rigid, and brittle, the inclusion in such a product of a relatively more flexible compound. that the polymer, although not conventionally listed as "plasticizer”, is sufficient to cause an increase in the mobility of the polymer network and therefore to exert a plasticizing effect.
- the compound included in the mixture although not intrinsically a "plasticizer”, plays well, then, in the final hardened material the role of a "plasticizer”.
- the compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect will therefore generally be chosen from organic and inorganic polymers and resins.
- the organic polymers are generally chosen from thermoplastic polymers and thermosetting polymers.
- thermoplastic polymers can be chosen, for example, from fluorinated polymers.
- thermosetting polymers can be chosen, for example, from epoxy resins, polyimides (poly (bismaleimides)), polyisocyanates, formophenolic resins, silicones or polysiloxanes and all other aromatic and / or heterocyclic polymers.
- the “plasticizer” compound such as a polymer, in admixture with poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) and the latter may not be miscible with each other, or else they may exhibit partial miscibility with each other. with each other, or even they can be perfectly miscible with each other.
- the compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect such as a polymer is a reactive compound, that is to say capable of reacting with itself or with another compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect or with poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene).
- reactive compounds such as polymers, generally comprise at least one reactive function, chosen among the acetylenic functions and the hydrogenated silane functions.
- the reactive compound is chosen from hydrogenated silicone polymers and resins and / or comprising at least one acetylenic function.
- the silicone polymers or resins are chosen from polymers and silicone resins having the following formulas:
- Ri and R 2 identical or different, represent an alkyl group of 1 to 10 C and in particular a methyl group, and where one or more of the hydrogen atoms carried by the silicon atoms and the carbon atoms can be replaced by a reactive group, such as an acetylene group;
- Ri, R 2 and R 3 identical or different, represent an alkyl group of 1 to 10 C and in particular a methyl group, and where one or more of the hydrogen atoms carried by the silicon atoms and the carbon atoms can be replaced by a reactive group, such as an acetylene group;
- Ri represents an alkyl group of 1 to 10 C and in particular the methyl group, and where one or more of the hydrogen atoms carried by the silicon atoms and the carbon atoms can be replaced by a reactive group, such as an acetylene group;
- Ri, R 2 and R 3 identical or different, represent an alkyl group of 1 to 10 C and in particular the methyl group and where one or more of the hydrogen atoms carried by the silicon atoms and the carbon atoms can be replaced by a reactive group, such as an acetylene group, x and y represent the molar fraction of each of the units concerned and are liable to vary between 0 and 1.
- the molar mass of the compound (s) capable of exerting a plasticizing effect is generally between 200 and 10 ⁇ g / mol. It is therefore noted that it can be both monomers and oligomers, as well as polymers.
- the amount of compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect introduced during the formulation is between 0.1 and 200% of the mass of the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene silylene) and preferably between 10 and 50%, depending on the properties sought.
- the polymer of poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) which enters the mixture is not particularly limited, it can be any polymer of this known type, in particular it can be poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) described in documents EP-B1-0 617 073 and FR-A-2 798 662, of which the relevant parts relating to these polymers are included herein.
- the polymer can thus, according to a first embodiment of the invention, correspond to the following formula (I):
- R represents a halogen atom (such as F, Cl, Br and I), an alkyl group (linear, or branched) having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms (such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, cyclohexyl), an alkoxy group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms (such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy), an aryl group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms (such as a group phenyl), an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (such as a phenoxy group), an alkenyl group (linear, or branched) having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (such as vinyl, allyl, cyclohexenyl
- R represents a halogen atom (such as F, Cl, Br and I), an alkyl group
- R 'and R'' represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 20 atoms carbon, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms , an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more of the hydrogen atoms
- the polymers according to this embodiment of the compositions of the invention which are the polymers described in document FR-A-2 798 662, have a structure substantially similar to that of the polymers of document EP-B1-0 617 073 to 1 'fundamental exception, however, the presence at the chain end of the Y groups from a chain limiting agent. This structural difference has very little influence on the advantageous properties of these polymers, in particular the thermal stability properties of the polymer, which are hardly affected. On the other hand, the presence at the chain end of this group has precisely the effect that the polymer of formula (I) or (la) has a determined length and therefore a molecular mass, perfectly defined.
- this polymer (I) or (la) also has perfectly defined and modular rheological properties.
- Y depends on the nature of the chain-limiting agent from which it is derived, Y may, in the case of polymers of formula (I), represent a group of formula (III):
- R "' has the same meaning as R and may be the same or different from the latter
- n' has the same meaning as n and may be the same or different from the latter.
- a particularly preferred polymer of formula (I) corresponds to the following formula:
- q is an integer from 1 to 40.
- polymers which can be used in the compositions of the invention are polymers of determined molecular mass, capable of being obtained by hydrolysis of the polymers of formula (la) and corresponding to the following formula (Ib):
- the molecular mass of the polymers (I), (la) and (Ib) according to this embodiment of the invention is perfectly defined and the length of the polymer and therefore its molecular mass can be easily controlled by metered additions of chain limiter in the mix reaction reflected by variable proportions of group Y in the polymer.
- the molar ratio of the end Y groups to the repeating units ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene is generally from 0.01 to 1.5. Preferably, this ratio is 0.25 to 1.
- the molar proportion of the Y groups at the end of the chain is generally from 1 to 60 and preferably from 20 to 50% of the polymer of formula (I) or ( the) .
- the number-average molecular mass of the polymers (I), (la) and (Ib) according to this first embodiment of the composition of the invention, which is perfectly defined, is generally from 400 to 10,000, preferably from 400 to 5000 and the weight average molecular weight is from 600 to 20,000, preferably from 600 to 10,000.
- the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) polymer included in the composition of the invention may be a polymer comprising at least one repeating unit, said repeating unit comprising two acetylenic bonds , at least one silicon atom, and at least one inert spacer group.
- said polymer also comprises, at the end of the chain, groups (Y) originating from a chain limiting agent.
- the term inert spacer group generally means a group which does not intervene, which does not react during crosslinking.
- the repeating pattern of this polymer can be repeated n 3 times.
- the polymer in this embodiment of the invention, comprises at least one repeating unit comprising at least one spacer group which does not intervene in a crosslinking process, to which the polymer can be subjected subsequently, in this embodiment of the invention.
- the role of the spacer is notably to constitute an internode knot of crosslinking sufficiently important to allow movements within the network.
- the function of the at least one spacer group is to spatially separate the triple bonds of the polymer, whether these triple bonds belong to the same repeating unit or to two different repeating, consecutive patterns.
- the spacing between two triple bonds or acetylenic functions, provided by the spacer group generally consists of linear molecules and / or of several aromatic nuclei linked, possibly separated by single bonds.
- the spacer group defined above, can be easily chosen by a person skilled in the art.
- the choice of the nature of the spacer group also makes it possible to modulate the mechanical properties of the polymers of the invention, without significantly modifying the thermal properties.
- the spacer group (s) may, for example, be chosen from the groups comprising several aromatic rings linked by at least one covalent bond and / or at least one divalent group, the polysiloxane groups, the polysilane groups, etc. ..
- spacer groups When there are several spacer groups, they are preferably two in number and they can be identical, or chosen from all the possible combinations of two or more of the groups mentioned above.
- the repeating pattern of the polymer may thus correspond to several formulas.
- the polymer may be a polymer comprising a repeating unit of formula (V):
- R represents a halogen atom (such as F, Cl, Br and I), an alkyl group (linear, or branched) having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms (such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, cyclohexyl), an alkoxy group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms (such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy), an aryl group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms (such as a group phenyl), an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (such as a phenoxy group), an alkenyl group (linear, or branched) having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 20 atoms carbon (such as vinyl, allyl, cyclohexenyl
- R represents a halogen atom (such as F, Cl, Br and I), an alkyl group
- the polymer according to the second embodiment of the composition of the invention, could be a polymer comprising a repeating unit of formula:
- n 2 is an integer from 2 to 10.
- This repeating pattern is generally repeated n 3 times, with n 3 being an integer, for example from 2 to 100.
- the polymer could be a polymer comprising a repeating unit of formula:
- R 4 and R 6 have the meaning already given above
- R 8 represents a group comprising at least two aromatic rings comprising, for example from 6 to 20 C, linked by at least one covalent bond and / or at least a divalent group, this repeating pattern is generally repeated n 3 times, with n 3 , as defined above.
- the polymer could be a polymer comprising a repeating unit of formula:
- this repeating pattern can likewise be repeated n 3 times.
- the polymer may be a polymer comprising a repeating unit of formula:
- R 8 represents a group comprising at least two aromatic rings separated by at least one covalent bond and / or a divalent group.
- the group R 8 can, for example, be chosen from the following groups:
- X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, or I).
- the polymer according to this second embodiment of the invention may comprise several different repeating units, comprising at least one inert spacer group.
- Said repeating units are preferably chosen from the repeating units of formulas (V), (Va), (Vb), (Vc) and (Vd), already described above.
- Said repeating patterns are repeated respectively Xi, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 and x 5 times, where x x , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 and x 5 generally represent whole numbers from 0 to 100,000, provided that at least two of
- Xi, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 and x 5 are different from 0.
- This polymer with several different repeating units can optionally comprise, in addition, one or more repeating units not comprising an inert spacer group, such as a unit of formula
- This pattern is usually repeated x 6 times, with x 6 representing an integer from 0 to 100,000.
- a preferred polymer corresponds, for example, to the formula:
- the polymers according to this second embodiment of the composition of the invention advantageously comprise (end) groups (Y) originating from a chain limiting agent, which makes it possible to control, to modulate their length, their molecular mass, and therefore their viscosity.
- the polymers, according to this second embodiment of the composition of the invention compared to the polymers of document EP-B1-0 617 073, are distinguished, in particular, fundamentally due to the presence of at least one spacer group in the repeating pattern.
- the polymers of this second embodiment of the present invention can also be distinguished due to the presence at the chain end of groups Y derived from a chain-limiting agent.
- the mechanical properties are greatly improved by the presence of the spacer group or groups.
- the advantageous presence at the end of the chain of a chain limiting group has precisely the effect that the polymer of the invention in this second embodiment has a length and therefore a determined molecular weight, perfectly defined. Consequently, the polymer according to this second embodiment of the composition of the invention also advantageously has perfectly defined and modular rheological properties.
- Y depends on the nature of the chain-limiting agent. chain from which it is derived, Y could represent a group of formula:
- R "' has the same meaning as R and can be the same or different from the latter
- n' has the same meaning as n and can be the same or different from the latter.
- Y could also represent a group of formula (VIII):
- R lt R 2 and R 3 which may be identical or different have the meaning already given above.
- the molecular weight of the polymers according to the invention is - because they comprise a chain limiter group - perfectly defined, and the length of the polymer and therefore its molecular weight can be easily controlled by metered additions of chain limiter in the reaction mixture reflecting by varying proportions of Y chain limiting group in the polymer.
- the molar ratio of the Y groups, chain limiters, at the end of the chain to repeating units of the ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene type is generally from 0.01 to 1.5. Preferably, this ratio is 0.25 to 1.
- the molar proportion of the Y groups, chain limiters, if any, at the end of the chain is generally from 1 to 60 and preferably from 20 to 50% of the polymer used in this second embodiment. of the composition according to the invention.
- the number-average molecular weight of the polymers used in this second embodiment of the composition according to the invention is generally from 400 to 100,000, and the weight-average molecular weight is 500 to 1,000,000.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymers according to the invention is, because they comprise a perfectly defined chain limiting group, and is generally from 400 to 10,000 and the weight average molecular weight is from 600 to 20,000.
- the polymer in this second embodiment, advantageously has chain-limiting groups, the control of the molecular mass of the polymers which is generally situated in the above-mentioned range, allows perfect control of the viscosity of the polymers.
- the viscosities of the polymers used in this second embodiment of the composition according to the invention are in a range of values from 0.1 to 1000 mPa.s, for temperatures ranging from 20 to 160 ° C, within the range of masses mentioned above.
- the viscosity also depends on the nature of the groups carried by the aromatic rings and the silicon. These viscosities which cannot be obtained with the polymers of the prior art are fully compatible with the conventional techniques for preparing composites. According to the invention it is thus possible to modify at will depending on technological constraints • implementation of the composite, the polymer viscosity.
- the viscosity is also linked to the glass transition temperature (Tg).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature of the polymers according to the invention will therefore generally be from -250 to + 10 ° C., which is much lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymers of the prior art.
- the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) used in the compositions of the invention can be prepared by any known process for the preparation of these polymers, for example the processes described in documents EP-B1-0 617 073 and FR -A-2 798 662.
- the polymers (I) and (la) can be prepared by the process of document FR-A-2 798 662 and the polymers with inert spacer group can be prepared by the processes analogous to those of the documents EP-B1-0 617 073, and FR-A-2 798 662 if they include chain limiting groups.
- a first process for the preparation of a polymer included in the composition according to the invention preferably of determined molecular mass, optionally bearing, at the end of the chain, groups derived from a chain-limiting agent, said polymer corresponding in particular to the formula (V), (Va),
- phenylene group in which the phenylene group (formula (IX)) may be in the form o, m or p, and R, R 8 and n have the meaning indicated above, and X x represents a halogen atom such as Cl, Br, F, or I (from preferably Xi is Cl), optionally mixed with a chain-limiting agent, for example of the formula:
- X x having the meaning already given above, and Y is a group chosen from the groups of formula:
- R "' has the same meaning as R and may be the same or different from the latter, and n' has the same meaning as n and may be the same or different from the latter; with a dihalide
- a second process for the preparation of a type polymer of poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene), preferably of determined molecular mass, optionally bearing at the end of the chain groups derived from a chain limiting agent, said polymer corresponding in particular to the formula (V), (Va), (Vb), (Vc), (Vd), given above, comprises the reaction of a compound of formula (XIV):
- phenylene group (general formula (XIV)) may be in the form o, m, or p and R and n have the meaning already indicated above, optionally in admixture with a chain-limiting agent, for example, of formula (XVI):
- R ''' has the same meaning as R and can be the same or different from the latter
- n' has the same meaning as n and can be the same or different from the latter with a compound of formula (XVII) (a , goat) :
- control of the masses of the polymers according to the invention can preferably be obtained by adding to the reaction medium a reactive species also called chain-limiting agent which blocks the reaction of polymerization without affecting the overall yield of the reaction.
- the length of the polymer and therefore its molecular weight, and consequently, its viscosity are in direct correlation with molar percentage of chain-limiting agent.
- This molar percentage is defined by the mole ratio of the chain-limiting agent to the total of the moles of chain-limiting agent and of diacetylene compounds of formula (IX), or (X), or (XIII) or (XV ) x 100. This percentage can range from 1 to 60%, preferably from 20 to 50%.
- the invention also relates to the cured product capable of being obtained by heat treatment of the composition described above at a temperature generally of 50 to 500 ° C., optionally in the presence of a catalyst.
- the invention also relates to a composite matrix comprising the polymer described above.
- the process for preparing a polymer of the poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) type can be that described in document EP-B1-0 617 073 in the case where the polymer does not have a chain, or it may be a process which is substantially similar to that described in document EP-B1-0 617 073 and which is that described in document FR-A-2 798 662.
- This latter process called “First preparation process” differs from the process of document EP-B1-0 617 073 by the incorporation into the mixture of a chain-limiting agent, by the final treatment of the polymers and optionally by the molar ratio organomagnesium reagents and dichlorosilane.
- the GRIGNARD reagents of formula (IX) used in the first preparation process, according to the invention, are in particular those described in document EP-B1-0 617 073 on pages 5 to 7 (Formulas (3) and ( 8) to (20)).
- the GRIGNARD reagents of formula (X) are, for example, chosen from the compounds obtained from formulas (VI) to (VId).
- the chain limiting agent of formula (XI) can be a monoacetylene organomagnesium compound of formula:
- R "', i and n' have already been defined above.
- dihalosilanes for example, those of formula (XlIIb)
- EP-B1-0 617 093 and respond in particular to formulas (21) to (26) given in this document.
- the conditions of the polymerization reaction such as the solvent, the duration of the reaction, the temperature, etc. (excluding “post-treatment") are substantially the same as those described in document EP-B1- 0 617 073 to which reference is made in particular on page 14.
- the only differences in this actual polymerization step relate to the addition of an additional chain-limiting reagent.
- the reaction conditions are moreover substantially the same.
- the ratio of the number of acetylenic functions to the number of halogen functions carried by the silane must be as close as possible to 1, and preferably 0.9 to 1.1.
- the molar ratio of phenyl-acetylene to diethynylbenzene is preferably between 0.01 and 1.5 and ideally between 0.25 and 1
- a final hydrolysis step is carried out directly, so there is no step compared to the analogous process of l prior art in particular in the case where the chain limiter is an organomagnesium.
- post-treatment of the already prepared polymer, the molecular mass of which is fixed is carried out with a monohalosilane and then hydrolysis.
- the monohalosilane does not play the role of chain limiter since it is not on the contrary of the present invention included in the starting reaction mixture and that its action has no influence on the molecular weight of the polymer.
- the polymer is hydrolyzed by a volume for example of 0.1 to 50 ml per gram of polymer of an acid solution, for example approximately 0.01 to 10 N of hydrochloric acid or d 'sulfuric acid.
- the ideal solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
- the reaction mixture is then decanted and the solvent of the organic phase is substituted with a volume for example of 0.1 to 100 ml per gram of polymer and ideally of 1 to 10 ml per gram of polymer for any type of solvent immiscible with water, such as xylene, toluene, benzene, chloroform, dichloromethane or alkane with more than 5 carbons.
- this step can be omitted.
- the organic phase is then washed for example from 1 to 5 times and preferably 2 to 3 times with a volume of water, for example from 0.1 to 100 ml per gram of polymer and ideally from 1 to 10 ml per gram of polymer , so as to neutralize the organic phase and extract from it all the impurities such as magnesium and halogen salts.
- the pH of the organic phase should preferably be between 5 and 8 and ideally between 6.5 and 7.5.
- the polymer is dried under a vacuum of between 0.1 and 500 mbar at a temperature between 20 and 150 ° C for a time between 15 minutes and 24 hours.
- the second process for preparing the polymers according to the invention is a process making call for dehydrogenation in the presence of a basic metal oxide.
- the reaction mixture comprises a compound of formula (XIV) for example: 1, 3-diethylnylbenzene or (XV), and a chain-limiting agent which in this second process is a monoacetylene (XVI) analogous to that already described above for the first process.
- XIV 1, 3-diethylnylbenzene or (XV)
- XVI monoacetylene
- the compound (XIV), or (XV), in mixture with the chain-limiting agent reacts with a dihydrosilane of formula (XVIIa) to (XVIIc).
- the basic metal oxide used is preferably chosen from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal oxides, lanthanide oxides, scandium, yttrium, thorium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, copper, zinc, cadmium oxides and their mixtures. .
- the cured products prepared by heat treatment of the compositions according to the invention are for example produced by first mixing the polymer and the “plasticizer” compound (in liquid form) and then by melting this mixture; or well, first dissolving the polymer and the plasticizing compound in a suitable solvent.
- the composition is optionally put in the desired form, and it is heated in a gaseous atmosphere of air, nitrogen or an inert gas such as argon or helium.
- the temperature of the treatment generally ranges from 50 to 500 ° C, preferably from 100 to 400 ° C and more preferably from 150 to 350 ° C, and the heating is generally carried out for a period of one minute to 100 hours.
- composition of the invention that is to say the composition comprising the mixture of at least one poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) polymer and at least one compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect in the mixture once the latter has hardened, in other words, the “plasticized” poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) resin can also be hardened at temperatures below the thermal crosslinking temperatures, under the action of a catalyst for the Diels reactions. Help and hydrosillylation.
- platinum-based catalysts such as H 2 PtCl 6 , Pt (DVDS), Pt (DVDS), Pt (dba), where DVDS represents divinyldisiloxane, TVTS the trivinyltrisiloxane and dba, dibenzilidene acetone; and transition metal complexes, such as Rh 6 (CO) ⁇ 6 or Rh 4 (CO) ⁇ 2 / ClRh (PPh 3 ), Ir (CO) ⁇ 2 and Pd (dba) can be used for the catalysis of hydrosilylation reactions.
- transition metal complexes such as Rh 6 (CO) ⁇ 6 or Rh 4 (CO) ⁇ 2 / ClRh (PPh 3 ), Ir (CO) ⁇ 2 and Pd (dba) can be used for the catalysis of hydrosilylation reactions.
- the catalysts based on transition metal pentachloride, such as TaCl 5 , NbCl 5 or MoCl 5 will in turn be advantageously used to catalyze reactions of the Diels Aider type.
- the catalysis of these reactions makes it possible to use “plasticizing” compounds of low molecular mass and therefore of low boiling point. These compounds will be easily chosen by a person skilled in the art from the compounds capable of exerting a plasticizing effect mentioned above. These “plasticizers” will advantageously be used to lower the viscosity of the mixture before processing.
- the nature and structure of the hardened materials or products obtained depend on the polymer (s) of poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene) and on the compound capable of exerting a plasticizing effect (which may also be a polymer) used.
- cured polymer-polymer composite products or materials consisting of a matrix of the polymer within which are dispersed nodules consisting of the compound exerting a plasticizing effect, such as a polymer (“plasticizer”) added .
- a plasticizing effect such as a polymer (“plasticizer”) added .
- This scenario is encountered in particular when the polymer and the plasticizing compound such as a polymer, used, are not miscible.
- the proportion of each constituent conditions the nature of the matrix and the nodules.
- the material made up of two distinct matrices constituted respectively by the polymer and the compound exerting a plasticizing effect whose networks are interpenetrated so that no phase dissociation is perceptible.
- This scenario is notably encountered when the polymer (s) and the “plasticizer” compound, such as a polymer used in the formulation are perfectly miscible and when the polymer (s) and the compound, such as a polymer, simultaneously form hardened networks.
- the hardened material can also consist of a single network. This scenario is encountered in particular when the polymer and the compound such as a polymer present possibilities of reaction with each other.
- reactive "plasticizing" compounds such as polymers functionalized with acetylenic functions or functions with hydrogenated silanes, are capable of reacting thus.
- organic matrix composites comprising the polymer of the invention can be done by numerous techniques. Each user adapts it to their constraints. The principle is generally always the same: namely, coating of a textile reinforcement with the resin, then crosslinking by heat treatment comprising a speed of temperature rise of a few degrees / minute, then a plateau close to the crosslinking temperature.
- Plasticization of poly (methylene silylene ethynylene phenylene ethynylene) with hexamethyltrisiloxane
- Poly (methylene silylene ethynylene phenylene ethynylene) is obtained by conventional magnesian coupling reactions between a dihalogenated silane and the difunctional GRIGNARD reagent of diethynylbenzene.
- the viscosity of this polymer is adjusted by the introduction of phenyl-acetylene, in accordance with document FR-A-2 798 662 cited above.
- the plasticization of poly is obtained by reaction with the trisiloxane compound, that is to say hexamethyltrisiloxane, under the catalytic effect of a platinum-based catalyst.
- the hardened materials obtained according to the above example according to the invention have in particular an elongation at break three times greater than that which can be measured on an unplasticized material not in accordance with the invention.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Silicon Polymers (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/490,523 US20050065285A1 (en) | 2002-03-06 | 2003-03-06 | Compositions with poly(ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) |
JP2003574728A JP2005519180A (ja) | 2002-03-08 | 2003-03-06 | ポリ(エチニレンフェニレンエチニレンシリレン)組成物 |
EP03735769A EP1483332A2 (fr) | 2002-03-08 | 2003-03-06 | Compositions de poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) |
CA002459513A CA2459513A1 (fr) | 2002-03-08 | 2003-03-06 | Compositions de poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0202952A FR2836922B1 (fr) | 2002-03-08 | 2002-03-08 | Compositions de poly(ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) |
FR02/02952 | 2002-03-08 |
Publications (2)
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WO2003076516A2 true WO2003076516A2 (fr) | 2003-09-18 |
WO2003076516A3 WO2003076516A3 (fr) | 2004-03-11 |
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PCT/FR2003/000720 WO2003076516A2 (fr) | 2002-03-06 | 2003-03-06 | Compositions de poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20050065285A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1483332A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2005519180A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2459513A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2836922B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003076516A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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FR2862307B1 (fr) * | 2003-11-13 | 2006-04-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Polymeres modifies de polyethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylene), compositions les contenant, leurs procedes de preparation et produits durcis. |
KR101146977B1 (ko) * | 2005-02-07 | 2012-05-22 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 전도성 유무기 복합체 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 유기 전계발광 소자 |
CN101235113B (zh) * | 2008-01-04 | 2010-04-14 | 华东理工大学 | 含聚硅烷芳炔树脂及其制备方法 |
JP2010159348A (ja) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-22 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | フェノール樹脂硬化物 |
KR20110133608A (ko) | 2009-03-12 | 2011-12-13 | 다우 코닝 코포레이션 | 열계면 물질 및 이의 제조 및 사용을 위한 방법 |
US8110636B1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2012-02-07 | Sandia Corporation | Multi-block sulfonated poly(phenylene) copolymer proton exchange membranes |
US9534097B2 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2017-01-03 | Sandia Corporation | Poly(phenylene alkylene)-based lonomers |
WO2019189491A1 (fr) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社カネカ | Polymère contenant un groupe silicium réactif et composition durcissable |
JP2021055015A (ja) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-08 | 株式会社カネカ | 硬化性組成物 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0617073A2 (fr) * | 1993-03-24 | 1994-09-28 | MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. | Polymères ayant des groupes silylèneéthynylène et des groupes phénylèneéthynylène, procédé pour leur préparation et produits durcis. |
FR2798662A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) et leurs procedes de preparation |
FR2816624A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) comprenant un espaceur inerte et leurs procedes de preparation |
FR2816623A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene polysiloxene (silylene)) et leurs procedes de preparation |
-
2002
- 2002-03-08 FR FR0202952A patent/FR2836922B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-03-06 EP EP03735769A patent/EP1483332A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-06 CA CA002459513A patent/CA2459513A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-06 JP JP2003574728A patent/JP2005519180A/ja active Pending
- 2003-03-06 WO PCT/FR2003/000720 patent/WO2003076516A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-06 US US10/490,523 patent/US20050065285A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0617073A2 (fr) * | 1993-03-24 | 1994-09-28 | MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. | Polymères ayant des groupes silylèneéthynylène et des groupes phénylèneéthynylène, procédé pour leur préparation et produits durcis. |
FR2798662A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) et leurs procedes de preparation |
FR2816624A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene silylenes) comprenant un espaceur inerte et leurs procedes de preparation |
FR2816623A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poly (ethynylene phenylene ethynylene polysiloxene (silylene)) et leurs procedes de preparation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2005519180A (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
WO2003076516A3 (fr) | 2004-03-11 |
EP1483332A2 (fr) | 2004-12-08 |
FR2836922B1 (fr) | 2004-05-21 |
FR2836922A1 (fr) | 2003-09-12 |
US20050065285A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
CA2459513A1 (fr) | 2003-09-18 |
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