Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
  • G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
  • G01C25/005—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass initial alignment, calibration or starting-up of inertial devices
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
  • G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups

Definitions

• This invention relates to an improvement to eliminate the need for slip rings in calibration system utilizing a signal processor that receives the outputs of one or more motion sensing devices mounted on a rotary platform.
• the devices are subjected to known conditions of rotary motion and the outputs are compared with the known conditions to dete ⁇ nine any errors therebetween to produce correction factors that are applied to the outputs to more accurately indicate the known conditions.
• the invention is used with calibration equipment for inertial measurement units (IMU's) mounted on a rate table and, more particularly, to a self contained system that avoids the use of slip ring connections for transferring signals from the IMU's to the signal processor.
• IMU's inertial measurement units
• the calibration of IMU's has required the mounting of the IMU under test on a multi-axis rate table, subjecting the IMU to predetermined known motions (e.g. rates and accelerations) in the various axes (e.g. three perpendicular axes such as pitch, roll and yaw), and at various known temperatures and other environmental conditions, dete ⁇ nining the response of the IMU to these input environmental condition values and transmitting the output signals indicative of such values through a slip ring assembly to a remote computer or processor which includes test software that operates to compare the IMU outputs with the predetermined known values and to determine any errors so as to produce calibration coefficients which can be used to correct the errors in the outputs.
• the calibration coefficients are stored in a memory, internal to the IMU, and which are then used with calibration software in the IMU to add or subtract the correction values from future IMU outputs, at the various rates and temperatures, etc.
• the correction factor for misalignment is determined by observing the acceleration error from the accelerometer as the accelerometer is rotated about its input mounting axis placed in the Og orientation.
• the misalignment correction factor is then calculated by using a small percentage of the other two acceleration axes outputs of an orthogonal system.
• the simplified tests above will have to be repeated along all three of the axis of interest but, although more complicated, the result will still be a lookup table in the IMU which will correct for the major errors in all three axes and at all temperatures to be encountered.
• the tests may use more advanced algorithms than the simplified equations above, to detect the errors along the desired axes. For example, by aligning the IMU along axes that are skew to the three major axes, a new vector output may be obtained. Then the new vectors may be mathematically resolved to provide the desired information along the three major axes without as many repetitions of the application of various g forces to the IMU.
• the present invention eliminates the need for slip-ring assemblies to obtain the signals from the IMU's for presentation to the external processor by building the IMU's with internal processors capable of using the test software to determine the calibration coefficients and the calibration software to modify the IMU outputs for customer use. This also eliminates the need for external remote processors and simplifies the calibration process at a greatly reduced cost.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the prior art system for calibrating IMU's
• FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the calibration system of the present invention
• FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for the calibration of IMU's using the present invention.
• FIG. 1 A prior art system similar to that described in the above referenced publication is shown in Figure 1.
• the desired environment such as various temperatures likely to be encountered in actual use, is shown by an arrow 6.
• This environment may be provided by a heater, cooler or oven, (not shown) well known in the art.
• An IMU 10 such as a gyroscope or accelerometer, or a combination comprised of a plurality of gyroscopes and accelerometer, having an internal memory 11 is shown mounted on a platform 12 that is connected to a multi-axis rate table 14 whose purpose is to subject the IMU to various motions in various axes to determine how it responds.
• a shaft 16 is shown connected between the rate table 14 and the platform 12 and is shown carrying a plurality of slip rings 18 as part of slip ring assembly 19.
• Slip rings 18 are connected by lines 20 to receive the IMU 10 outputs, shown by arrow 21.
• Outputs 21 carry signals indicative of the motion sensed by the IMU 10 and slip ring assembly 0 presents these signals over a line shown as arrow 22 to a remote computer or processor 24.
• Processor 24 compares the IMU output signals with the known predetermined values of input motion provided by rate table, and operates to determine any errors and calculates the desired calibration coefficients.
• the processor will transmit the calibration coefficients back through the slip rings 18 to the internal memory 11 or, if preferred, the rate table may be stopped and the processor 24 connected to download the calibration coefficients over a line shown as arrow 26. Thereafter, IMU 10 operates with the stored calibration coefficient values to modify the outputs 20 at the various temperatures so that more accurate values for the motions detected by the IMU 10 are obtained for customer use. If it is desired to check the recalibrated outputs, the test may then be re-conducted and the new outputs again checked against the known environment inputs with any more accurate calibration coefficients stored in memory 11.
• FIG 2 shows the apparatus of the present invention.
• the environment 6 the IMU 10 with the internal memory 11 and the outputs 21, the platform
• the rate table 14 and the shaft 16 are the same as in Figure 1 although shaft 16 no longer is required to carry slip rings as will be explained.
• the IMU 10 is shown mounted on platform 12 as in Figure 1 , but in Figure 2 the slip rings 18 the connectors 20 and the slip ring assembly 19 have been removed.
• the processor 24 of Figure 1 has also been eliminated and a processor 34 having the same function is now shown internal to the
• Processor 34 operates in the same manner as processor 24 of Figure 1, but is now internally connected to the outputs 20 of the IMU and to the internal IMU memory 11 as shown by a double ended arrow 35.
• Processor 34 compares the IMU output signals 21 with the known predetermined environmental values of input motion and temperature provided by rate table and operates to calculate the desired calibration coefficients. With the present invention, it is no longer necessary to utilize slip rings to carry the signals to the processor or the calibration signals back to the internal memory, (or to wait for the conclusion of the test to store the calibration coefficients) since the calibration coefficients may be immediately stored in the IMU internal memory 11 during the test.
• the IMU 10 will then be able to operate with the stored calibration coefficient values to modify the outputs 20 of the IMU 10 at various temperatures so that more accurate values for the motions detected by the IMU 10 are obtained for customer use. It should be noted that re-checking of the calibrated outputs against the known environmental values of the rate table input may now be accomplished without stopping the rate table, transferring the calibration values to the IMU memory and restarting the test, since the recalibration values are already stored in the IMU memory. This will also save the time that may be required to re-establish the desired temperature environment. It should also be noted that a multiplicity of IMU's may now be simultaneously tested without the difficulty of connecting each IMU to slip rings for external handling thus achieving a great saving in cost, time and complexity.
• FIG. 3 shows a flow chart for the operation of the improved IMU calibration test.
• box 50 indicates that the first step is to load the IMU's on a prep- station.
• the prep-station is merely an initial place where the each IMU may be loaded with the test and calibration software to be used and where the predetermined rate table values and temperatures to which the IMU's are to be subjected are inputted.
• box 52 indicates that the calibration environment information from a box 54 and the test and calibration software from a box 56 are downloaded into the IMU.
• the next step is to mount the IMU's on the rate table and to initiate the test as is indicated by a box 58.
• the internal IMU processor reads the IMU outputs, determines the errors, calculates the correction coefficients, and stores the correction coefficients in the internal memory. Thereafter, the IMU, using the calibration software, changes the outputs in accordance with the stored correction coefficients to provide the more accurate values for customer use.
• the invention may fipd application in calibrating devices other than IMU's which are tested on rotating tables and which employ slip rings to transfer the output signals to a remote processor jthat detects errors and stores them in the devices for future correction.
• a remote processor j that detects errors and stores them in the devices for future correction.
• othpr changes to the structures and processes described herein may occur to those skilled i ⁇ the art.
• the software a ⁇ d environmental information may be loaded into the IMU after it is loaded on the rate table and environmental conditions other than temperature, (such as vibration or altitude conditions), may be applied to the test devices. Accordingly, I do not wish to be limited to the specific showings used in connection with the description of the preferred embodiment. The scope of the invention may be determined by the claims appended hereto.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Indication And Recording Devices For Special Purposes And Tariff Metering Devices (AREA)
• Navigation (AREA)
• Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-11-06 US US10/011,459 patent/US6778924B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-11-05 JP JP2003542866A patent/JP2005509149A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-11-05 WO PCT/US2002/035447 patent/WO2003040656A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2002-11-05 EP EP02784396A patent/EP1442272A1/en not_active Withdrawn
• 2004
  • 2004-05-24 US US10/852,043 patent/US6968281B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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